`!blblj!Tboj[f ra safrTxeebis Sesaxeb afrTxilebda ...dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/117995/1/Ilori_2014_N292.pdf · samxreT oseTi saWiro ar aris. am itom Zalian mawuxebs, Tu rogor

#292 (351) 11-18 noemberi 2014 saxalxo moZraoba „samegrelos“ organo 30 TeTri

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warsulis gaxseneba

warsulSi CarCenas ar

niSnavs

ra da risTvis undaT amerikelebs

saqarTveloSi? amerikas sWirdeba nato-segidiT saqarTveloSi Turquli samxe-dro bazis ganlagebis SesaZleblobaim mizniT, rom gaaZlieros daZabulobaruseTis samxreT sazRvrebze; meorec_ mTlianad akontrolos navTob dagazsadenebi; mesame _ iranTan samxedromoqmedebis gaSlis SemTxvevaSi,gamoiyenos qarTuli samxedro aero-dromebi, romelTac, ukve karga xania,Turqebi akontroleben. am amocanebisgadasaWrelad arc afxazeTi, arcsamxreT oseTi saWiro ar aris.

amitom Zalian mawuxebs, Tu rogorapirebs saqarTvelos xelmZRvanelobanato-Si Sesvlis sakiTxis mogvarebas,ufro sworad, ra pirobebs ukarnaxebsmas amerikis saxelmwifo departamenti.Zalian mafiqrebs, rom soxumSi yofnisasaSS-is elCma teftma moiwona da pro-gresuli uwoda konfliqtis mogvarebisafxazur gegmas, romelic SemdegTbilisSi sergei Sambam Camoitana. geg-mis pirvelive punqti afxazeTisdamoukideblobis aRiarebas iTval-iswinebs.

maS, visTvis aris es gegma progre-suli? ar gamikvirdeba, Tu saakaSvilisvaSingtonSi vizitis Semdeg gogo-biWebi arasamTavrobo organizaciebidan,e. w. demokratiuli sazogadoebriobiswarmomadgenlebi daiwyeben «rusTavi2»-is eTerSi gamosvlebs nato-Si nebis-mier, Tundac sadavo teritoriebzedroebiT uaris Tqmis fasad SesvlisSesaxeb, romelTac Semdeg nato au-cileblad dagvibrunebs. wlisbolosTvis kosovos problemacamerikuli scenariT gadawydeba. aserom, «msoflio Tanamegobroba» teri-toriuli davis «civilizebuligadawyvetis» realur precendentzelaparaks SeZlebs. qarTveli demokrate-bi ki, rogorc cnobilia, yvelaze ufrocivilizebulni arian...

Zalze saxifaToa, rom rusul poli-tikur wreebSic matulobs kosovosscenaris mxardaWera konfliqtebismogvarebaSi. arseboben Zalian gavle-niani adamianebi, romelTac miaCniaT,rom saqarTvelo unda gaiyos, afxazeTida samxreT oseTi ki maTi gavlenisqveS darCes. mec da Cemi bevri megobarivcdilobT, davarwmunoT rusi poli-tikosebi, rom afxazeTis mowyveta dan-arCeni saqarTvelosgan ver gadawyvetsruseTis samxreTis strategiuli us-afrTxoebis problemas. TurqeTisxelisuflebis gaxSirebuli kontaqtebiafxazeTTan, pirdapiri mimosvlis aq-tivizaciis survili metyvelebs

TurqeTis gansakuTrebul intereszeam regionis mimarT. ueWvelia isic,rom damoukidebeli afxazeTi seri-ozul stimulad iqceva CrdiloeTkavkasiis gaerTianebis procesisTvisam regionis Semdgomi separatizaciismimarTulebiT, rac, didi xania, TurqeTispolitikuri istebliSmentis strate-giul gegmebSi Sedis. magram yvela esargumenti _ nato-sken swrafvasTandakavSirebiT saqarTvelos xelisu-flebis maniakaluri gancxadebebisfonze _ yovelgvar Zalasa da dama-jereblobas kargavs. Tu ruseTi daSeerTebuli Statebi saqarTvelos gay-ofaze moilaparakeben, es didi ubedure-ba iqneba.

_ saakaSvilisa da putinis peter-burgSi Semdgarma Sexvedram veranairadver imoqmeda rusul-qarTuli urTier-Tobebis xasiaTze?

_ ver imoqmeda da verc imoqmedebda.maocebs, rogor SeiZleboda am Sesa-Zleblobis gamouyenebloba. Sexvedraabsoluturad moumzadebeli iyo. aseTiram iSviaTia saxelmwifoTaSorisurTierTobaTa praqtikaSi. me vici, romsaqarTvelos saelCo ruseTSi, diplo-matiuri samuSaos garda, yvelafriTaris dakavebuli, magram gaugebaria, rasakeTebs sagareo saqmeTa saministroda prezidentis administracia.

naTelia, rom seriozuli SeTanxme-bisTvis bazad SeiZleba gamodges mx-olod saqarTvelos Tanxmoba, ruseT-saqarTvelos CarCo xelSekrulebaSiCaidos qarTuli mxaris valdebulebaimis Sesaxeb, rom saqarTvelos teri-toriaze ucxo qveynis samxedro kontin-gentebi ar ganTavsdeba. amgvari saer-TaSoriso valdebulebis gareSe afx-azeTisa da oseTis problema ver mog-vardeba. isic naTelia, rom saqarTvelosxelmZRvaneloba amaze ver wava, radganes, ase vTqvaT, amerikuli kompetenciissakiTxia. ra Tqma unda, sawyenia, romsaqarTvelo formaluri damoukide-blobis 15 wlis Tavzec ver gaxdasaerTaSoriso urTierTobaTa damou-kidebeli subieqti, magram es faqtiada amas angariSi unda gavuwioT. Tumca,miuxedavad amisa, ormxrivi TanamSrom-lobis garkveuli sakiTxebi (qarTuliproduqciisTvis bazris gaxsna, erTo-blivi ekonomikuri proeqtebi, savizoreJimis Semsubuqeba, putinis TanxmobasaqarTveloSi stumrobaze da sxv.)warmatebiT SeiZleboda gadawyvetiliyovizitis saTanado momzadebisa da sx-vadasxva donis mxardaWeris amoqmedebisSemTxvevaSi. magram, rogorc Cans, dRevan-deli xelisuflebis realuri poli-tika primitiuli piaraqciebis donezeadasuli, rac, cxadia, qveynisTvis dam-Rupvelia. Tumca butaforia saqmianobisyvela sferos ganuyofel nawiladiqca.

_ rogor mogewonaT samxedro aR-lumi?

_ me maxsovs samarcxvino aRlumi,romelic SevardnaZem afxazeTis Cabare-bis Semdeg gamarTa da imis Semdeg aR-lumebs aRar vuyureb. ra eaRlumebaqveyanas, romelsac teritoriis mesamedidakarguli aqvs? armiis Zala mwyobrnabijSi da sabrZolo SeZaxilebSi kiar aris, aramed mis unarSi _ uzrunve-lyos qveynis erTianoba da usafrTx-oeba.

_ oqruaSvilma ganacxada, rom axalwels cxinvalSi SevxvdebiT. rogor

fiqrobT, Tu es ar moxda, gadadgeba? _ maxsovs, afxazeTSi gagania omisas

maSindeli saxelmwifo ministri xain-drava ificeboda, axal wels biWvinTaSiSevxvdebiTo da sindisma ar dauSala,axal xelisuflebaSic konfliqtebismogvarebis saxelmwifo ministris postidaekavebina.

rac Seexeba jars, problemagacilebiT Rrma da arsebiTia, vidrebutaforuli aRlumebis Catareba. CvendRemde ar viciT, ra saWiroa armia da,Sesabamisad, rogori unda iyos igi.dRes saqarTvelos samxedro biujeti,ramdenadac vici, 200 milion evros, anuTiTqmis 500 milion lars Seadgens. esdauSvebeli fufunebaa RatakiqveynisTvis, romelsac aqvs paralize-buli ekonomika da umuSevrobis kolos-aluri done. amis “daSveba” kidev Sei-Zleba, dakarguli teritoriebis ZalisgamoyenebiT dabruneba Cvenipirvelxarisxovani amocana rom iyos,magram xom kargad viciT, rom ruseTTanda CrdiloeT kavkasiis xalxebTanCveni amJamindeli urTierTobebispirobebSi afxazeTisa da samxreT os-eTis Zalis gamoyenebiT dabrunebisnebismieri mcdeloba marcxisTvis arisganwiruli? metic, _ saqarTvelos ve-rasodes eyoleba armia, romelic iseTmowinaaRmdeges Seerkineba, rogoricruseTia. me mgoni, es cxadia. gardaamisa, aSS, nato, evropuli struqturebikategoriulad gamoricxaven Cveni kon-fliqtebis Zalis gamoyenebiT gadawyve-tas. Tumca, amave dros, qarTuli armiismSeneblobasa da wvrTnas afinanseben.raSi sWirdeba nato-s 12 aTas 500qarTveli jariskaci? bunebrivia, esnato-s ar sWirdeba, magram erTi qar-Tuli batalionis eraySi gagzavnaamerikelebs weliwadSi 300 milionidolaris ekonomias aZlevs, anu saku-Tari jariskacebis gagzavna da SenaxvamaT 300 milioni dolariT ufro ZviridaujdebodaT. sxvaTa Soris, Cvensjariskacebs sayaraulo funqciisTviswvrTnian. dRes eraySi 852 qarTvelisamxedroa. iaponelebma ki am dReebSierayidan sakuTari kontingentis gayva-nis Sesaxeb ganacxades. bunebrivia,amerikelebs xels aZlevs sakuTarimiznebisTvis sxvisi, miT ufro, iafijariskacebis gamoyeneba. vfiqrob, maleqarTuli kontingenti gaizrdeba.

armiasTan dakavSirebiT kidev erTkazusTan gvaqvs saqme. saqarTvelosxelmZRvaneloba konfliqtis zonebidansamSvidobo Zalebis gayvanas moiTxovs,amis paralelurad ki armiis gaZliere-bis, cxinvalSi axali wlis Sexvedrisda sxva amis msgavs gancxadebebsakeTebs. amiT Cven msoflio sazoga-doebriobas vamcnobT, rom mSvidobis-myofelTa gayvanis Semdeg oms davi-wyebT. gana es normaluria? gamodis,samSvidobo Zalebis gayvanas imitommoviTxovT, rom isini omis dawyebaSigviSlian xels, magram maTi movaleobaxom swored es aris!

_ Tqven erTaderTi qarTveli poli-tikosi brZandebiT, romelmac aSS-issaelCosTan saprotesto mitingi gamar-Ta eraySi omis dawyebis winaaRmdeg.ra gamoZravebdaT?

_ eraySi omis winaaRmdeg naxevarimsoflio gamodis _ im saxelmwifoTamTavrobebi, romlebic Tavisufali arianaSS-ze koloniuri damokidebulebisgan,araangaJirebuli saerTaSoriso orga-

nizaciebi, ubralod, wesieri adamianebisxvadasxva saxelmwifodan am omsewinaaRmdegebian. yvelaze mZlavridemonstraciebi, sxvaTa Soris, amerikisSeerTebul StatebSi, inglisSi,safrangeTSi, germaniaSi gaimarTa.saqarTveloSi mTavrobac da poli-tikuri partiebic amerikelebs Sesci-cineben TvalebSi da am mxecur agresiasmiesalmebian. eraySi SeWra yvela pa-tiosani adamianisTvis mravali mizezisgamo aris miuRebeli. jer erTi,amerikelebma es TviTneburad _ gaerossanqciis gareSe Caidines, anu fexqveSgaTeles msoflio marTlwesrigi, saer-TaSoriso samarTali, romelic ase Tuise, uzrunvelyofda msoflioSi sta-bilurobasa da globalur usafrTx-oebas. meorec, amerikelebma imis demon-strireba moaxdines, rom calkeuliqveynebis suvereniteti fiqciaa da sxvasaxelmwifoze Tavdasxma SeiZleba mx-olod «Zalis uflebiT», anu msofliosayovelTao qaosis safrTxis winaSedaayenes. mesamec, isini atyuebdnen saku-Tar xalxsac da mTel msofliosac,rom sadami masobrivi ganadgurebisiaraRs flobs, Tumca danamdvilebiTicodnen, rom es ase ar iyo. isini mx-olod sakuTari navTobinteresebiTxelmZRvanelobdnen, maT Soris, ojaxuribiznesis interesebiT, rogorc, magali-Tad, prezidenti buSi da viceprezidentiCeini. axlaxan aSS-is yofilma sax-elmwifo mdivanma kolin pauelma bod-iSi moixada msoflio sazogadoebrio-bis winaSe imis gamo, rom iZulebuliiyo, sajarod eTqva tyuili eraySi ma-sobrivi ganadgurebis iaraRis arsebo-bis Sesaxeb. sindisma Seawuxa kaci. sx-vaTa Soris, im periodSi SevardnaZemmTeli msoflios gasagonad ganacxada,rom Tavisi dazvervis mier mopovebuliucilobeli monacemebi aqvs eraySi ma-sobrivi ganadgurebis iaraRis arsebo-bis Sesaxeb. maSin evropaSi bevriicines mliqvneli marionetis yalbtitinze. darwmunebuli var, SevardnaZessindisi ver aiZulebs, bodiSi moixados.meoTxec, eraySi SeWriT amerikelebmastimuli misces msoflioSi birTvuliSeiaraRebis axal rbolas, radgan yvelaim qveynisTvis, romelsac ar undaamerikis koloniad iqces, naTeli gaxda,rom amerikis Tavdasxmisgan TavisgadasarCenad birTvuli iaraRi undaiqonion. erays rom marTlac hqonodabirTvuli iaraRi, amerikelebi arasdrosSeyofdnen iq cxvirs. erayis bediaiZulebs dRes irans birTvuli pro-gramis forsirebas. mexuTec, erayisomiT amerikelebma gaaRvives civi-lizaciuri winaaRmdegobani qristian-ul da islamur samyaros Soris, rom-lis Semdgomma eskalaciam msofliosayovelTao katastrofamde SeiZlebamiiyvanos. misi erT-erTi pirvelimsxverpli, SesaZloa, sworedsaqarTvelo gaxdes. meeqvsec, amerikeleb-ma sruliad da didi xniT moaxdinesara marto demokratiis ideis, aramedTviT sityva “demokratiis” diskred-itacia; roca 50-100 mSvidobiani er-ayelis yoveldRiuri daRupvis fonzebuSi “erayuli demokratiis” formire-baSi amerikelTa warmatebebzesaubrobs, “demokratia” da “kaciWamioba”adamianTa cnobierebaSi identur cnebe-bad iqceva. meSvidec, garda aTi aTaso-biT adamianis mkvlelobisa, amerikeleb-ma dabombvebiT kacobriobis istoriisudidesi Zeglebi, faqtobrivad, msofliocivilizaciis akvani gaanadgures,msoflio mniSvnelobis muzeumebigaZarcves, kacobriobas, praqtikulad,waarTves misi istoriis mTeli plasti.

(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

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ra safrTxeebis Sesaxeb afrTxilebda aleqsandre WaWia yofil da moqmed xelisuflebas?

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ilori2 11-18 noemberi 2014

didi xania qarTvel istorikosTainteress iwvevs vaxuStis mier abaSisnapirze miTiTebuli ,,saxaria“, sadacyofila ,,cixe da sasaxle dadianisa“(iqve: 776-777). sad mdebareobda vaxuS-tiseuli saxaria? aRniSnuli punqtislokalizaciis Sesaxeb gamoTqmuliaramdenime gansxvavebuli mosazreba. g.eliavam toponimi ,,saxaria“ salxinosTangaaigiva. Cans, rom mkvlevari salxinosada saxarias igiveobas am ori saxel-wodebis fonetikuri msgavsebiT xsnida(eliava 1971: 82). es mosazreba gaiziaresgogilo da demur basilaiebma (basi-laia, basilaia 2008: 29-30).

p. zaqaraiam da T. kapanaZem saxariabanZis ukidures CrdiloeTiT, abaSismarcxena napiras mdgari cixe-darbazissaxelwodebad miiCnies; Tumca, sruliadsamarTlianad, mniSvnelovani daskvnisgamotanisgan Tavi Seikaves. ,,es is adg-ilia Tu ara, amis zustad dadgenaZnelia, aseTi toponimi dRes ar arse-bobs“, – weren isini (zaqaraia, kapanaZe1991: 234).

saqme isaa, rom banZis cixe SeuZle-belia saxariad miviCnioT da es kargadCans TviT vaxuStis cnobidan, romelicwers: ,,cxeniswylis dasavliT ars munvebanZa da cixe keTilnaSeni“ (vaxuStiIV, 1973: 776). banZa abaSis xeobaSi mde-bareobs. cixis naSTi, rogorc aRvniS-neT, banZis CrdiloeTiT, abaSis marcxenanapirze, velze dgas da nojixenis sax-elwodebiTaa cnobili. esaa soflissaxelis adgilobrivi araoficialurivariantic. najixu, nojixeni megrulSi,,nacixars“ niSnavs (jixa ,,cixe“). amri-gad, es saxeli savsebiT Seeferebacixis naSTebsac. aqve unda iTqvas isic,rom vaxuStis dros da ufro adrec,cixis saxeli nojixeni ver iqneboda.gamoTqmulia mosazreba, rom cixis ar-sebobis periodSi sofels jixa erqva,xolo mas Semdeg, rac, aq mdgari nage-bobebi daingra, sofelsac nojixeniewoda. es unda momxdariyo XVIII s.bolosa da XIX s. dasawyisSi (zaqaraia,lomouri... 1984: 55).

Cveni fiqriT, cixis garSemo mdebaredasaxlebis saxelwodeba nojixenamdebanZa unda yofiliyo. es savsebiT dama-jerebeli variantia maSin, Tuki gaviT-valiswinebT im sagulisxmo garemoebas,rom banZa, gvian Sua saukuneebsa da,Semdegac, XIX saukuneSi, moicavda sak-maod vrcel teritorias abaSidan cx-eniswylamde (kekelia �9, 2002: 7; �6, 2005:14). swored amitom unda miuTiTebdesvaxuSti cxeniswylis dasavleTiT banZas,,keTilnaSeni“ cixiT.

Zegli, rasac vaxuStiseul banZiscixed miviCnevT, Tanamedrove adminis-traciul-teritoriuli dayofiT, banZisTemis ukidures CrdiloeT mxares, lex-aindravos Temis sof. nojixevSi, abaSismarcxena mxares mdebare SemaRlebazea.cixis gegma mozrdili ovalia. mismaxloblad agebuli palati oTaxebianSenobas warmoadgenda, risic mxolodumniSvnelo nangrevebia SemorCenili.SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom nojixenSiqvis nagebobebis gverdiT xis Senobebiciqneboda, magram gasagebi mizezebisgamo maTi arseboba ar dasturdeba.Tuki CavTvliT, rom niko dadianismier moxseniebuli nojixevi sworedes adgilia, maSin sworia misi cnoba aqdadianis sasaxlis arsebobis Sesaxeb.n. dadianis msjelobiT, ,,amisTvisimecadina giorgim dadianis Zem da mi-ibira geloani qaixosro da mouwodagrigols Tvissa sasaxlesa Sina no-jixevs“ (dadiani 1962: 188). am SemTxvevaSiXVIII s. 90-iani wlebis ambebia aRwer-ili. maSasadame, dasaxelebuli saukunismiwurulamde aq cxovreba grZeldeboda.XIX s. dasawyisSi ki cixe da sasaxlenadgurdeba. amitom aq cxovreba wyde-ba.

banZis Semdeg vaxuSti aRwers Wyon-didis adgilmdebareobas, saubrobshidronim ,,abaSis“ warmomavlobaze damxolod amis Semdeg gvawvdis cnobassaxarias cixesa da sasaxleze. amas-Tanave, gasaTvaliswinebelia is gare-moebac, rom vaxuStis rukaze toponimi,,saxaria“ naCvenebia banZis maxloblad,abaSis marjvena napiras, dRevandelabedaT-sergieTis teritoriaze.

Salva jRarkavas varaudiT, ,,saxaria“saxarbedios damaxinjebuli formaunda iyos. xarbediebi abedaTSimosaxleobdnen. ,,sainteresoa, ratomaRniSnavs vaxuSti am adgils saxariad.SesaZloa es misi Zveli saxelwodebaiyo. am adgilis Seswavlam erT sayu-radRebo garemoebaze SegvaCera. aq cx-ovroben xarbediebi. dRes ramdenimeojaxia darCenili, SeiZleba vifiqroT,rom winaT xarbediebs marselSi ekavaTgarkveuli teritoria da es adgiliiwodeboda saxarbediod... vaxuStim Sesa-Zloa saxarbedio aRniSna saxariad...vfiqrobT, rom vaxuStis saxaria, ,,cixeda sasaxle dadianisa“, aris igivemarselis dadianis sasaxle“ (jRarkava113, 1965: 287).

S. jRarkavas mosazreba gaiziaraTamaz beraZem. Tumca sxva, damatebiTiargumenti varaudis gasamyarebladmkvlevars ar warmoudgenia (beraZe,sigk, IV, 1971: 56).

lambertis mier Sedgenil rukaze,axlandel abedaTis teritoriaze, aR-niSnulia punqti marselis saxelwodeb-iT. abaSis marjvena napiris saxnav-sa-balaxoebi jolo-abedaTidan vidresergieT-boboTamde, dResac marsi(l)is//marsiiS mindoris saxeliTaa cno-bili (kekelia 2007: 47). es adgilimarselis, marsi(l)is saxels atarebdaXVII-XIX saukuneebSi da igive saxeli-Taa cnobili dResac.

S. jRarkavas zemoT moxmobilimsjelobidan gamodis, rom lambertisrukaze aRniSnuli marsili da vaxuS-tiseuli saxaria erTsa da imave pun-qtSi, abedaTis teritoriaze, an mis Se-mogarenSi lokalizdeba.

saxariasa da marsilis igiveobanakleb sarwmunod migvaCnia. am igiveo-bis marTebulobas ufro is garemoebaarTulebs, rom toponimi saxaria abe-daTis teritoriaze damowmebuli araris. amasTanave, Secdomaa, roca S.jRarkavas vaxuStiseul ,,saxariad“abedaTSi, marsilis velze, xarbediebisgvariT dasaxlebuli Tu maT mflo-belobaSi arsebuli da, uwin, albaT,saxarbediod saxeldebuli garkveuliteritoria esaxeba. am mosazrebis mc-darobaze metyvelebs Semdegi gare-moebani: 1. xarbedia erT-erTi ricxvm-ravali gvaria, magram abedaTis Temisarc erT sofelSi (abedaTi, jolo,lemiqave, leqajaie) xarbediebismosaxleoba ver davadastureT. S.jRarkavas naSromis gamoqveynebisTariRis (1965 w.) gaTvaliswinebiT, abe-daTSi xarbediebs ar ucxovriaT arcgasuli saukunis 60-ian wlebSi, Tumcaistorikosi darwmunebiT wers, romabedaTSi TiTqos xarbediebimosaxleoben. realuri suraTi ki sx-vagvaria: Cven mier mowyobili istori-ul-geografiuli eqspediciebis drosxarbediebis gvaris kompaqturidasaxleba dadasturda ara abedaTSi(rogorc aRniSnavs S. jRarkava), aramedmezobel sofel sergieTSi (adminis-traciul-teritoriuli erTeulis cen-tri abedaTis CrdiloeTiT, abaSis mar-jvena mxares), sadac am gvariT dasaxle-buli ubani winakverkvesa da naxunussazRvrebTan ,,saxarbediod“ iwodeba.aqve dasturdeba gvarTan dakavSire-buli ori toponimi: neZgidea//xarbe-diefiS oneZe ,,xarbediebis nigvznari“– ferdobi arjaniaS Rees Senakadis –noRis marcxena napirze, da xarbediefiSnoxori ,,xarbediebis nasaxlari“ –saxnavi naxunus sazRvarTan. amasTanave,XVII–XVIII ss. istoriuli wyaroebismixedviT xarbediebi saeklesio glexebiiyvnen. Tuki sergieTSi komlmravalgvarebad iTvleboda gawerelia, surmava,bedia, sulava, quTaTelaZe, Todua, injgiada sxv., xarbedias gvari ricxovnobiTgamorCeuli ar yofila da araasavaldebulo, rom uwin damoukidebelisoflis an soflis SigniT dasaxle-buli ubnis saxiT arsebuliyo.

iuri sixaruliZis varaudiT, ge-ografiulad abaSis napirze mdebaresofeli naxarebao saxeliT ufroaxlosaa saxariasTan. amitom saxel-wodebaTa msgavseba CvenTvis sainteresopunqtis arsebobas mkvlevars sworedabaSis xeobaSi, am soflis teritoriaze

afiqrebinebda (sixaruliZe �1, 2003: 3). SeiZleboda gvefiqra, rom vaxuStim

soflis saxelwodeba naxarebao marT-lac saxariad gaiazra da am formiTkidec moixsenia Tavis naSromSi, magramam varaudis daSvebis SesaZleblobasmainc arTulebs ramdenime garemoeba:1. vaxuSti saxarias aRniSnavs banZispirdapir, abaSis marjvena mxares. naxare-bavo ki banZis CrdiloeTiT, abaSismarcxena napirze mdebareobs; 2. CvenamdemoRweul arcerT werilobiT doku-mentSi naxarebus uwindel Tu para-lelur formad saxaria naxsenebi araris. ufro metic: vaxuStis cnobisTiTqmis Tanadroul, 1771 wliTdaTariRebul anton cagerelis Sewir-ulebis wignSi soflis saxelwodebadmiTiTebulia naxarboi (kakabaZe II, 1921:43); 3. axlandel naxarebus teritoriazecixis naSTi SemorCenili ar aris.

saxarias lokalizaciis sakiTxs Se-exo d. WiTanava da gamoTqva varaudi,rom vaxuStis mier abaSasTan moxse-niebuli cixe da dadianis sasaxle ve-didkarSi, abaSis marcxena napirTan ax-los mdebare, ,,nojixevad“ (nacixari)saxeldebuli adgili unda iyos, sadacSemorCenilia ekal-bardebiT dafaruliriyis qvis kedlis naSTebi (WiTanava2010: 208). imave naSromSi mkvlevarierTgan aRniSnavs, rom vedidkar-muxur-Cis cixe igivea, rac vaxuStis ,,banZa dacixe keTilnaSeni“ (iqve: 213).

,,saxarias“ istoriisa dalokalizaciis sakiTxTan mimarTebaSiCveni yuradReba miiqcia agreTvesoflis saxelwodeba lexaindravom.vaxuStis rukaze, cxeniswylis marjvenamxares aRniSnuli punqti lexaina for-miTac da rukaze mocemuli adgilmde-bareobiTac dRevandel lexaindresSeesabameba (kekelia �12, 2010: 73; misive2010: 66). XVIII saukuneSi erTi da igivepunqtis paralelur saxelwodebadlexaindre da saxaindrao dasturdeba.xaindravebis mier 1770 wels xonismTavarepiskopos maqsimesadmi micemulpirobis wignSi dasturdeba ,,mowmesul erTobiT saxaindrao“ (kakabaZe II,1921: 175). 1997 wels soflis istori-ul-geografiuli aRwerisas CaviwereTtoponimi ,,saxariaS foni“. ase ewodebafons soflis aRmosavleTiT, cx-eniswyalze. 2007 wels fexdafex Se-moviareT lexaindravos TemSi Semavalisoflebi da misi Semogareni. Tumcacxeniswylis gayolebiT, arc ,,saxariaSfonis“ saxelwodebiT cnobili adg-ilis maxloblad da arc mezobelisoflebis (nagvazu, nageberu, najaxu)teritoriaze cixisa da sasaxlisnaSTebs ver mivakvlieT. TviT ,,saxariaSfonis“ saxeldebis motivis Sesaxeb kiSemdegi ganmarteba Cagvawerines: saxariaerqva pirovnebas, romelic cxeniswylisnapiras, saxeldebuli obieqtismaxloblad cxovrobda.

cixisa da sasaxlis arsebobaze adg-ilobrivi mosaxleobis xsovnas aranairigadmocema ar SemorCenia. rac Seexebag. eliavas mier ,,lexaindraos sasoflosabWos“ toponimTa nusxaSi, abaSisWalaSi mdebare borcvisa da qviTkirisnagebobaTa naSTebis saxelwodebad ,,no-jixus“ (nacixari) damowmebas, mkvlevariam toponimSi swored im cixis naSTebsunda gulisxmobdes, rac mkvlevarTaerTi nawilis mier vaxuStiseul ,,cixekeTilnaSenTanaa“ gaigivebuli (eliava1977: 75; sixaruliZe �1, 2003: 3).

Cveni mizani iyo ,,saxarias“lokalizaciasTan dakavSirebiT mkvl-evarTa mier gamoTqmuli mosazrebebismimoxilva. Yyvela Tvalsazrisi mx-olod varaudis doneze rCeba, vidreTiToeuli maTgani saTanado argu-mentebiT ar gamyardeba.

IV. 3. texuris xeobaIV. 3. 1. hidronimi ,,texuri“. texuris

xeobis aRweras vaxuSti ase iwyebs: md-inare abaSis ,,dasavliT dis mdinaretexuri. iwoda Cqarad dinebisagan, ram-eTu Semusravs da mtexare hyofs xidsada sxvasa rais. gamosdis masve kavkassa.mierTvis isuleTs Cdilodam rions.xolo texurisa da abaSas SesarTavszeiT, unagiras mTis Zirzed da texurisdasavliT kidezed ars SxeTs cixe

didnaSeni da sasaxle dadianisa“(vaxuSti IV, 1973: 777).

texuri saTaves iRebs martvilismunicipalitetis teritoriaze, kurortlebardes Crdilo-dasavleTiT, mwver-val texuriSdudTan, z. d. 2400 m-ze, damarjvnidan SeerTvis rions. mdinarissigrZe 108 km-ia, auzis farTobi 1040km2-s Seadgens (margvelani qse, IX, 1985 :709). misi marjvena da mTavari SenakadiaabaSa. TviT texuri rions uerTdebaisulas samxreTiT.

sxvagan vaxuSti aRniSnavs, rom ,,rionsmoerTvis Cdilodam abaSa-texuris md-inare, unagiras mTis zeiT, isuleTs“(iqve: 747).

mdinaris saxelwodebis adgilobriviaraoficialuri variantia texiri, texri. sainteresoa mecnieris msjelobahidronimis etimologiaze. vaxuSti md-inaris saxelwodebas dinebis xasiaTiTxsnis da wers, rom Cqari dinebis gamotexuri Semusravs da angrevs xidsa dasxva misT. adgilobriv informantTacnobiTac mdinare ,,texili da giJmaJia“(eliava 1977: 174).

gansxvavebuli Tvalsazrisi wamoayenao. xuxuam. misi azriT hidronimi ,,tex-uri“ orwevriani kompozitia, sadacxiri nazmnari zedsarTavi saxelia daigivea, rac ,,rRveuli“. mkvlevari va-raudobs, rom kompozitis pirveli wevrite- rRveuli, boboqari, movardniliwylis gantevebis, aSvebis, daxsnis aRm-niSvnelia (xuxua �4, 2005: 15).

a. qobalias ,,megrul leqsikonSi“mocemulia texiris//tex?ris ramdenimemniSvneloba: ,,texili, mixveul-moxveuli,uswormasworo; qviani, oRro-CoRro adg-ili; metexi, mtexavi, mlewavi; yinulovani(mdinare)...“ (qobalia 2010: 601).

texuri orografiuli nomenia daunda aRniSnavdes mdinaris mixveul-moxveul, datexil-daklaknil kalapots,an mtexavs, mlewavs (kekelia 2010: 36).paata cxadaias miaCnia, rom qarTuli,,tex“ fuZis fonetikur-semantikuriSesatyvisi megrulSi aris ,,tax“ (tax?ns,,texs“). amitom qarTuli ,,tex“ fuZidanSeuZlebelia mdinaris saxelis warmo-qmna. ,,aqedan gamomdinare, – dasZens igi,– texurTan dakavSirebuli msjelobacru, xalxur etimologias ufro hgavs,vinem mecnieruls“ (cxadaia 2005: 11).

IV. 3. 2. isula//isuleTi. rionisa datexuris SesarTavTan vaxuSti asax-elebs punqts isuleTis saxelwodebiT.isuleTs mecnieri vake-imereTissazRvrebSi aqcevs da aRniSnavs, romvakes ,,...mzRvris... dasavliT cxeniswyalida cxeniswylidam wasuli xazi isule-Tamde da rionamde...“ (iqve: 773); ,,xolosazRvari odiSisa ars cxeniswyali daxazi isuleTamde“ (iqve: 776). rogorcCans, vaxuStis dros odiSis erTi naw-ili, kerZod, rionispireTi, cxeniswyal-rionis SesarTavidan texur-rionisSesarTavamde vake-imereTis Semadgen-lobaSi iyo. sofels ismuleTis for-miT asaxelebs imave saukunis mecnierida mogzauri giuldenStedti (giulden-Stedti 1962: 323). quTaisis istoriulmuzeumSi dacul dokumentSi gvxvdebaisula forma (kekelia, kurdRelia, xare-bava ,,mxareTmcodne II“, 2011: 46-47).

isula odiSis dablobze, texurismarjvena napiras, z. d. 12 m-ze mdebare-obs da axalsoflis teritoriulorganoSi Sedis. senaks 4 km-iT arisdaSorebuli.

sofeli isulas formiT gvxvdebaXIX-XX ss. dokumentebSic. kerZod,kavkasiis mxaris 1886 wlis komlobriviaRweris monacemebiT isula 32-komlianisofelia TeklaTis soflis sazoga-doebaSi. m. S. 74 kacia, 63 – qali (sul137 suli). XX s. damdegs isulaSi ma-mulebs flobdnen Tavadi mxeiZeebi daaznauri salayaiebi (am gvaris 7 komliglexi yofila, 8 komli – aznauri).saqarTvelos ssr pirveli adm.-terit.dayofis cnobaris mixedviT isulaTeklaTis sasoflo sabWos Semadgen-lobaSia 105 komliT (457 suli). 1949wlis 1 seqtembris mdgomareobiT ar-sebobs axalsoflis sasoflo sabWo,rac aerTianebs or sofels – axal-sofelsa (yofili ZonZiri) da isulas(kekelia, odiSaria 2012: 31-33).

igor kekelia

(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

samegrelosa (odiSis) da afxazeTis istoriuli geografiavaxuSti bagrationis naazrevSi da Tanamedrove istoriografia

ilori 311-18 noemberi 2014

Cveni statiis es saTauri „Opus Dei“,rac qarTulad niSnavs “saqme RvTisa”-s, srulebiT ar ukavSirdeba am saxeliTcnobil qristianul seqtas, romelicCaisaxa espaneTSi da gavrcelda mTelmsoflioSi.

vecdebiT am laTinuri sityvebis(Opus, Dei) kolxuri (qarTveluri) Zire-bis mიkvlevas da amasTan erTadmoviZiebT ramdenime kolxur ZirsberZnulSi, laTinurSi, slavursa dainglisurSi.

rogorc bibliidan cnobilia, ufalmaRmerTma sityviT Seqmna Cveni samyaro(ix.dabadeba 1.1-31). am mxriv moviyvanTioanes saxarebidan (1.1-31) amonarids:“dasabamidan iyo sityva, da sityva iyoRmerTTan da RmerTi iyo sityva, is iyodasabamidan RmerTTan. yvelaferi mismier Seiqmna, da uimisod araferi Seqm-nila, rac ki Seiqmna”.

cnobilma germanelma mweralmagoeTem am citatis ganxilvisas “sity-vas” daukavSira “saqme” da daaskvna:“Tavidan iyo saqme”.

rogorc cnobilia kolxuri civi-lizacia erT-erTi uZvelesia dedami-waze arsebuli civilizaciaTa Soris,rac ukanaskneli xanebSi sul ufroda ufro aSkaravdeba, yoveli kolxurisityva aris enigma, romlis meSveobiTiSifreba da momavalSi kidev ufrometad gaiSifreba sxva enebis sityvaTaarsi, magram kolxuri sityva arisenigma am enis armcodneTaTvis, xolois, vinc met-naklebad erkveva da Seu-Zlia metyveleba am enaze, misTvis yve-laferi gacilebiT martivia da triv-ialuri.

magaliTisaTvis aviRoT qarTulisityva “oRonT”, romlis mniSvneloba:daTmoba, piroba, natvra, _ rogorme, ra-menairad, netav, mxolod, magram. amsityvis arsi damalulia mis kolxuretimologiaSi, xolo etimologiaSeმdegia: megrulad “o-RoronT” niSnavs“o RmerTo”. magaliTad, fraza “oRonTnu gamkicxavT”, iqneba “o RmerTo nugamkicxavT”; “oRonT Semibrale”, “oRmerTo Semibrale”, “oRonT es icode”,“o RmerTo es icode” da a.S. eslingvisturi procesi Semdegnairia: o-RoronT o-RoonT oRonToRond, r-samovardna Cveulebrivia. amrigad qar-Tuli “oRonT” _ megruli “oRoronT”-ia.

msgavsi magaliTebi qarTulSi xSiria,romelTagan zogierTs qvemoT war-movadgenT.

msgavsi etimologia gaaCniaT indo-evropul, semitur, qamitur, dravidulda sxva enaTa jgufebis sityvebs, raSicqvemoT davrwmundebiT da raSic TiTqosRvTis xeli urevia, TiTqos es RvTissaqmea. ai, amitomac warvumZRvareT amstatias es saTauri.

axla ganvixilavT kolxur saxelzm-

nas yof-a [‘oph-a], rac niSnavs yofnas,qmnas, arsebobas. am formis Zirs kanon-zomierad Seesatyviseba laTinuri op-us sityvis Ziri. e.i. ‘oph -=op-

meore laTinur formas Dei (<Deus),romelic miRebulia berZnul Θεos-idan,rac niSnavs RmerTs, RvTaebas, vukavSireb:Wan. T-e, megr. si-n-T-e, qrT. na-T-el-i,rac niSnavs sinaTles (arn. Ciqobava-“Wanur-megrul-qarTuli SedarebiTileqsikoni”-tfilisi, 1938, gv.200).

sxvaTa Soris unada iTqvas, romlaTinuri leqsika umravlesSemTxvevaSi mimdinareobs berZnulidan.anu Cven imis Tqma gvinda, rom berZnulSiufro cocxladaa, Tu SeiZleba aseiTqvas, SenarCunebuli sityvaTa arqauliZirebi. asea am SemTxvevaSic, berZnuliΘεos –Si Ziria “Θ-ε” , xolo “os” sax-elobiTi brunvis niSania. aqedangamoginare, saxeze gvaqvs Zirebis srulidamTxveva. axla sakiTxavia romel enasmieniWos upiratesoba. garda imisa, rom

rogorc CvenTvis cnobilia kolxuriwarmomavlobis pelazgebi iyvnensaberZneTis avtoqtonebi da ganmanaTle-blebi, RmerTis (Te-os-is) upirvelesimisia iyo, rom mas samyarosaTvis moetanasinaTle (si-n-Te). amis garda “sinTe”kolxurSi sulsac niSnavs, racdakavSirebulia uSualod RmerTTan.ai, ase warmogvidgenia statiis saTaurisCveneuli etimologia.

axla ganvixiloT ramodenime sityva,romlebic etimologiurad aSkaradkolxuri warmomavlobisani arian.

ulamazes kirqvul masivs das.saqarTveloSi, cagerisa da wyaltubosraionebis teritoriaze xvamli hqvia,rogorc cnobilia promeTem cecxlimoitaca olimpodan da adamianebsgadasca, cnobilia gamoTqmac “promeTescecxli”, rac kulturis winsvlis, niWisada ganaTlebis simboloa. amisTviszevsma promeTe, igive, amirani kavkasionismaRal mTaze (xvamlis mTaze) miajaWva.Zveli berZnebi promeTes miTs kavkasi-urad Tvlidnen (hesiode, esqile, stra-boni, ariane da sxva). amirani rom prom-eTes prototipia, es im ubralo logiki-danac gamodis, rom amirani adgilo-brivi, kavkasiuri miTiuri gmiria damas promeTes msgavsad ar sWirdebasaberZneTidan kavkasiaSi gadaadgileba.esec rom ar iyos, mTavari aris is, romsityva xvamlis fuZisaa sityva xvamil-afa, rac megrulad tacebas, gatacebas,motacebas niSnavs. aq Cveni azriT

swored amiran-promeTes mier cecxlismotaceba unda vivaraudoT, romlisgamo RmerTma amirani dasaja da imavesaxelwodebis (xvamlis) mTaze miajaW-va.

meore mxriv “xvamili” megruladniSnavs “dalocvils” da Cveni azriTes mTa iyo dalocvili imis gamo, romaq, am mTaze moxda amiranis miercecxlis motaceba (xvamil-afa) da misikacobriobisaTvis gadacema.

axla ganvixiloT sityva “ganviTare-ba” rac niSnavs erTi mdgomareobidanmeoreSi (ufro maRalSi, srulyofilSi)gadasvlas. es sityva iSleba Semdeg-nairad gan-viT-ar-eba, romelSic fuZearis “viT”-i, rac megrulad niSnavs“aTs”. swored aTi aris erTeulebidanaTeulebSi e.i. martividan ufro rTul-Si, ufro maRalSi, srulyofilSi gad-sasvleli ricxvi. es erTi mxriv. meoremxriv, moviyvnoT amonaridi r.erisTavisstatiidan “mzis Svilebi” (Jurnali“aia” N8, 2000 weli, gv.7 ), sadac is aR-

niSnavs: “noes kidobani xom alegori-uli gamoxatvaa dedamiwaze momxdarikatastrofebisa da axali, orsqesianisasicocxlo ciklis Tavidaan dawye-bisa. igi aseve alegoriulad gamoxatavssamyaros sawyis “kvercxs”, romelicezoterul TeosofiaSi aRiniSneba didiwrexaziT-“O” da mas mdedrobiTi sawyisi“mut”-i ewodeba. am wrexazis diametriki igive falosis kultia da mas mam-robiTi sawyisi hqvia, igi aRiniSneba“I”.

wrewiris win gamotanili misi di-ametri iZleva ricxv 10-s qristianulreligiaSi 10 wminda ricxvia da sam-yaros usasrulo gamravlebis sim-boluri gamoxatulebas warmoadgens“.

swored es ricxvi “aTi” (10) anumegrulad “viTi“ Zevs fuZed sityvaSigan-viT-ar-eba, romelic ara mxolodgamravlebis simboloa, aramed sworedrom ganviTarebisac.

igive fuZisaa rusuli развитие (раз-вит-ие), romelic აfiqsebiTaa gaforme-buli da aseve laTinuri “Vita”, racsicocxles niSnavs. mamrobiTisa damdedrobiTis gaerTianeba warmoadgensswored sicocxlis safuZvels.

sityva “elCi” s.s. orbelians axsniliaqvs Semdegnairad: elCi-TurqT enaa,qarTulad despani da omira hqvian.meore adgilas ganmartebuli aqvs sity-va mociquli-despani aris mefisganmefesTan migzavnili mociquli saqmesa

risame zeda, romelsa sparsni elCaduwoden. e.i. orbelianTan elCi xanTurqulia, xan kidev sparsuli,sinamdvileSi ki elCi kolxuri warmo-mavlobis sityvaa. elaCama niSnavsrCevas (eluCans-urCevs, elmaCamali-mrCeveli), romlis fuZe aris elCi damarTlac elCis ZiriTadi funqciarCeviTi saqmianobaa.

sityva “kerpi” ganmartebiT leqsikon-Si axsnilia, rogorc warmarTTa Rv-Taebis gamosaxuleba (Cveulebrivi qan-dakeba), romelsac Tayvans scemen.

Tayvans scemdnen da scemen axlacimas, vinc uyvarT, ase rom kerpTayvanis-cema siyvarulze yofila agebuli. daes, rom asea, sCans TviTon sityva “ker-pi”-dan anu “yorofili”-dan, rac kolx-urad Seyvarebuls, siyvaruls niSnavs.“kerpi” aris “yorofili”-s saxecvliliforma da es sityva Tavisi kolxurisemantikiT zustad gamoxatavs im gan-wyobas, ra ganwyobasac is iwvevs. eti-mologiurad igivenairad iSifrebaberZnuli “korife”-c.

amas winaT televiziiT gavida siu-Jeti javaxeTidan sofel xizabavridan,sadac uCvenes miwisqveSa talanebi uZve-lesi droisa, romlebsac Turme darnebiewodeba. adgilobrvi mosaxleebi mtrisSemosevisas swored am talanebSiimalebodnen, romlebsac isini sacx-ovriss uwodeben. “darinali” megruladswored sacxovris niSnavs, romlisSecvlil formad migvaCnia sityva “dar-na”. rogorc gadacemaSi iTqva, esdarnebi 15 saukunis winaT augiaT. CveniazriT darnebi gadiodnen did dar-bazebSi (romlebic rogorc sCans, jermikvleuli araa), sadac adgilobrivimosaxleoba cxovrobda garkveulidrois ganmavlobaSi, sanam mteri ardatovebda maT teritorias davfiqrobT, rom “darbazic” nawarmoebiunda iyos sityva darnidan. ase gvesaxe-ba sityva “darnis” etimologia. imaveZirisaa arena (laT. arena), romelicmarto qviSamoyrili, gladiatorTa br-Zolis an cirkis arenas ar niSnavs,erT-erTi ganmartebis Tanaxmad is mo-qmedebis adgils, asparezs niSnavs, gardaamisa, biologiaSi cxovrebis arena niS-navs dedamiwis zurgze yvela im adg-ilTa erTobliobas, sadac arsebobsSesaferisi garemo organizmTa arse-bobisTvis. swored orine (orinali),romelic aris darinalis sinonimi,kolxurad niSnavs sacxovrebels,saarsebos. ai, aseTnairad arian gafan-tulni erTi da igive Ziris sityvebi,erT SemTxvevaSi evropaSi (laTinuriarena), xolo meore SemTxvevaSisaqarTveloSi (javaxuri darna).

nugzar kvaSilava

“fazisi”-s akademiis namdvili wevri(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

„Opus Dei“

elizbar javeliZe: „maia orjonikiZes RamurasaviT,Tavisi somxuri warmomavlobis rcxvenia“

cnobili faqtia, rom roca esa Tu isadamiani dedis gvars atarebs, es mis bi-ologiur warmoSobaze, an misi winaprebisvargisianobaze sakmaod safuZvlian eWvebswarmoqmnis xolme _ Tundac iseTs, rom arcam pirovnebam da arc dedamisma ar icodnenvin iyo bavSvis mama, an Caidina iseTi uRirsisaqcieli, rom daZraxulia erisa da qveynismier. Znelia aseT SemTxvevaSi Tavi imarTlosadamianma da Savi TeTrad warmogvidginos...

sruliad gansxvavebul situaciasTangvaqvs saqme skandalurad cnobili qalba-tonis, viTomc erT-erTi arasamTavroboorganizaciis warmomadgenlis, sinamdvileSiki nacionalebisa da saakiancis pirwavard-nili damcvelis maia orjonikiZisSemTxvevaSi...

„es Savtuxa qalbatoni, romelsac Tavimercxali hgonia, sinamdvileSi ki badrijania,rogorc Cans, Zalian ganicdis us-aakaSvilobas“, – ase moixseniebs akademikosielizbar javeliZe gazeT „asaval-dasaval-Tan“ saubrisas poet iza orjonikiZisSvils maia orjonikiZes.

ramdenime dRis win iza orjonikiZisSvilma cnobil mecniers elizbar javeliZe-sa da poet rezo amaSukels „Carecxilebi“uwoda da „30-ian wlebSi CarCenilebad”moixsenia. „me dedamisTan – iza orjonikiZes-Tan didi xnis megobroba makavSirebda.maSin SemoqmedebiTi da samecniero dargisspecialistebi yvelani xelmokled vcx-ovrobdiT da me araerTxel davxmarebivarizas, misi ojaxisa da am Savtuxa gogosgamosakvebad Tu Casacmelad! me kargad vic-nobdi am qalbatonis mamas – Tbiliselsomexs, saintereso pirovnebas stimson ter-oganesovsac! da aba, ra unda velaparakoarsebas, romelsac RamurasaviT, Tavisi somx-uri warmomavlobisa rcxvenia da gvaradorjonikiZe airCia?! qali orjonikiZeobdesda me, elizbar javeliZes mabralebdes „30-ian wlebSi CarCenilobas“, Zalian sasaciloa,TavSisacemi rom ar iyos! es Savtuxa qalba-toni saakaSvilma mwevari ZaRliviT „padoSa“gia TorTlaZis partias mianaTxovra da egmelaparakeba me maRal idealebze?!“, – acx-adebs elizbar javeliZe.


politikuri didi TamaSis istoriuli Strixebididi TamaSi, msoflio am terminiT

moixseniebs axali istoriis im nawils,

romelic dakavSirebulia udides

dapirispirebasTan or mZlavr imperias

britaneTsa da ruseTs Soris. es TamaSi

warmoebs XVII saukunidan. im periodSi

igi warmoebda ZiriTadad axlo aR-

mosavleTis, Sua aziisa da kavkasiis

irgvliv. Aam dromde moTamaSeebi

TiTqmis ar Secvlila da grZeldeba

dRemde.

Cven droSic, Tu davakvirdebiT aSS-

s, romelic iWreba avRaneTSi, eraySi

da ase Semdeg da cdilobs Tavs

moaxvios Tavisi politikuri sistema

am qveynebs, SevniSnavT rom is imeorebs

didi britaneTis gamocdilebas. roca

1917 wels inglisma baRdadi aiRo maT

gaavrceles proklamacia _ ,,Cven moved-

iT TqvenTan ara rogorc dampyroblebi,

aramed ganmanTavisufleblebi”. am re-

gionSi britaneTis imperia sadRac

gaqra, xolo misi memkvidre gaxda aSS.

gulubryviloba iqneboda imis Tqma,

rom civi omi damTavrda. is ar dawye-

bula arc 1946 wels da arc 1918 wels,

arc 1991 wels damTavrebula. mTeli

XIX saukune aRiniSneba sisxlismRvreli

brZolebiT britaneTis imperiasa da

ruseTs Soris. didi TamaSi civi omis

Tanamedrove saxelwodebaa. mis da-

sawyisad SeiZleba CaiTvalos inglise-

lebis panikuri SiSi indoeTis gamo.

maTi azriT ruseTi ise moZlierda

XVIII saukuneSi rom ar SeiZleba in-

doeTze ar hqonoda pertenziebi. mo-

gexsenebaT rom petre I gardaicvala

1725 wels. inglisSi vrceldeba misi

anderZi, TiTqos igi wers vinc daikavebs

konstantinopols da indoeTs, is iqneba

msoflios mbrZanebeli. ruseTis mefeebi

marTalac SemCneuli iyvnen Sua aziis

mimarT ,,yuradRebaSi”, rogorc carieli

xazinis Sevsebis mTavari wyaro. pirveli

samxedro eqspedicia aziaSi gaemarTa

Tavadi bekoviCis meTaurobiT. magram

xivis saxanoSi man marcxi ganicada. D

im periodSi xmelTaSua zRvas bri-

tanelebi miiCnevdnen rogorc TavianT

sakuTar ,,Sida tbas”. sxvis yofnas am

,,tbaSi” isini ver itandnen. Tavis mxriv

ruseTic cdilobda moepovebina

gasasvleli xmelTaSua zRvaze. ruseTis

flotis gamoCena ki emuqreboda bri-

taneTis komunikaciebs indoeTTan. isini

Zalian ufrTxildebodnen am sakomu-

nikacio xazs. pirveli antirusuli is-

teria britaneTis parlametSi daiwyo

1788 wels, roca ruseTis jarma TurqeT-

Tan omis dros aiRo qalaqi oCakovo.

,,rusebi male egviptesac daikaveben,

kari indoeTisken ukve Riaa maTTvis”!

_ acxadebda britaneTis premier-min-

istri uiliam piti 1791 wels. igi iTx-

ovda ruseTTan omisTvis mzadebas. _,,Cven aramarto peterburgs gadavaqcevT

nangrevebad, aramed arxangelsksac ga-

davwvavT, maT gemebs sevastopolSic

mivwvdebiT da icuron mere rusebma

nafotebiT, rogorc pirvelyofilebma”.

maSin pitma waago polemika TavianT

oponentebTan, radgan im droisaTvis

Tavs iCenda axali saSiSroeba _

napoleon bonaparti.

daiwyo brZola axali bazrebisaTvis,

msoflio vaWrobisa da gavlenebis ax-

ali gadanawilebisaTvis. 1805 wels

britaneTma gaanadgura frangebis

floti, magram saboloo gamarjve-

bisaTvis maT dasWirdaT ruseTis dax-

mareba. napoleoni ki Tavis mxriv

cdilobda daeyoliebina ruseTi in-

glisis winaRmdeg blokadisaken, radgan

inglisi ruseTisgan iRebda xorbals

da nedleuls Tavisi flotisaTvis.

rogorc cnobilia napoleoni Tavs

daesxa ruseTs da damarcxda. venis

kongresze ruseTsa da britaneTs Soris

moxda kompromisi, ris Sedegadac

ruseTs gadaeca TiTqmis mTeli

poloneTi. aziaSi ki kompromisis miR-

weva SeuZlebeli iqna da es viTom

mokavSireebi Caebnen axal did TamaSSi.

1813 wels rusebi amarcxeben sparseTs

da uaxlovdebian indoeTs dasavleTis

mxridan. Aam droidan didi mniSvneloba

eniWeba avRaneTs. radgan yvela saxmele-

To gza gadis swored masze. dRemde

mis irgvliv trialebs mTavari mo-

qmedebebi. ingliselebi SiSobdnen, rom

indoelebi ajanydebodnen da maSin

isini rusebs Sexvdebodnen rogorc

ganmanTavisufleblebs. Mmagram aRmoC-

nda rom ruseTs indoeTis mimarTuleba

ar ainteresebdaT. maTi mTavari samizne

iyo konstantinopoli da mimdebare

sruteebi, gamagrebuli ideiT _ marTl-

madidebluri imperia, mesame romi. Ees

aris umniSvnelovanesi adgili ruseTis

usafrTxoebisaTvis da evropaze

gasasvleli. Aamitom ruseTi erTveba

berZnebis ganmaTavisuflebel brZolaSi

Turqebis winaaRmdeg. Kkavkasiis mxridan

ki TurqeTSi Sedis ermolovis jari.

1825 wels ruseTSi gardaicvala imper-

atori aleqsandre I. axali imperatori

gaxda misi Zma nikoloz I. amave dros

xdeba dekabristebis Seumdgari ajanye-

ba. sparselebma ingliselebis waqezebiT

isargebles ruseTSi Sida areulobiT

wamovidnen CrdiloeTisaken. kinaRam

aiRes Tbilisi. Nnikoloz I-ma gaan-

Tavisufla ermolovi da daniSna paske-

viCi. Mman daamarcxa saparselebi da

aiRo erevani. maSin sparselebma dax-

marebisaTvis mimarTes ingliselebs

aman ki isini daabnia, radgan mxardaWera

ar niSnavda brZolas. Tan britanelebs

ar hyavdaT armia kavkasiaSi. isini mzad

ar iyvnen ruseTTan konfliqtisaTvis.

1828 wlis zavis pirobebiT ruseTma

SeierTa erevani da naxiCevani, iranis

Sahma ki miiRo ruseTis qveSevrdomoba.

amiT britaneTis gavlena sparseTSi

damTavrda da araviTari interesi XX

saukunis dasawyisamde ar gamouCenia,

sanam aq ar aRmoaCines navTobi da

gazis sabadoebi.

sparseTSi ruseTis elCad im peri-

odSi dainiSna aleqsandre griboedovi.

igi Tvlida, rom is unda daexmaros

sparseTidan ganTavisuflebul erebs

da roca Sahis haramxanidan ori somexi

gogo gamoiqca, griboedovma maT Tavis

saelCoSi misca TavSesafari. es diplo-

matiuri TvalsazrisiT sakamaTo gad-

wyvetileba gaxda misTvis sabediswero.

ukmayofilo sparselebma SturmiT

aiRes ruseTis saelCo. griboedovi ki

iaraRiT xelSi brZolaSi daiRupa.

ruseTma elCis mkvlelobaSi britaneTis

kvali dainaxa.

1829 wels ruseTis armia miuaxlovda

konstatinopols. Ggenerlebi Txovdnen

imperators, rom maT aeRoT qalaqi.

nikoloz I-ma evropasTan konfliqtis

SiSiT ver gariska da xeli moawera an-

drianapolis xelSekrulebas. es

xelSekruleba berZnebs aZlevda

damoukideblobas, ruseTs ki misi

savaWro gemebis Tavisufali gadaadg-

ilebis uflebas bosforisa da dard-

anelis sruteebSi. Aaman inglisis

mTavrobaSi gamoiwvia didi ukmayofile-

ba. maTi azriT, ruseTs surs

gaanadguros TurqeTi da sparseTi. Aam

regionSi britaneTis gavlena Secvala

ruseTisam. swored am dros ibadeba ax-

ali Tema did TamaSSi, es aris kavkasia.

ruseTma didi ZalisxmeviT gamostaca

TurqeTsa da sparselebs ganadgure-

bamde misuli saqarTvelo da somxeTi.

magram maT zurgSi aRmoCnda mTieli

kavkasielebi, ZiriTadad musulmanebi.

ruseTi iZulebuli gaxda mTeli Zal-

isxmeva miemarTa kavkasiis sakiTxe-

bisaTvis. Aaq ki irkveva, rom kavkasiaSi

muSaobs britaneTis agentura. 1835 wels

britaneTis elCi stambolSi devid uk-

varti werda: ,,ruseTis winaaRmdeg br-

ZoliT kavkasieli mTielebi udides

samsaxurs uweven ingliss da evropas.

Tu ruseTi daipyrobs kavkasias, mas

ukve samxreTisaken veraferi SeaCerebs.

Cerqezebi arian aziis darajebi”. Ees

adamiani organizebas uwevda iaraRis

miwodebas da monawileobda Cerqezebis

samxedro momzadebaSic. ruseTma, gareSe

Carevisagan Tavi rom daecva, Savi Wiris

momizezebiT Caketa Savi zRvis sanapiro

zoli. ukvartma mainc gagzavna xomal-

di, TiTqos mariliT datvirTuli. gemis

dapatimrebas unda gamoewvia an-

tirusuli azris gaRviveba, rac

saSualebas miscemda ingliss ruseTi-

saTvis daertya, magram intriga ar

Sedga. ukvarti gaiwvies samSobloSi

da gaanTavisufles. man inglisSic gaa-

grZela antirusuli moRvaweoba. daa-

fuZna komiteti, romelic muSaobda

ruseTis winaaRmdeg, agrZelebda iaraRis

miwodebas kavkasiaSi. agreTve daafuZna

Jurnali.

,,kavkasia warmoadgens ufro

mniSvnelovan dasayrdens, vidre

TurqeTi. iq Cven nebismier dros Segvi-

Zlia Zalian iafad SevaiaraRoT orasi

aTasi umamacesi meomari. romelTac

saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi moskovamdec

SeuZliaT misvla”. _ werda am JurnalSi

politikosi da mogzauri Eedmund

spenseri 1838 wels. gamoCnda kavkasiel

xalxTa ZiriTadi daniSnuleba. Cerqez-

Ta mxardaWeram da waqezebam gamoiwvia

is, rom isini lamis gadaSendnen. Mmcire

erebis CarTva grZeldeba dRemde.

uaxloes periodSic ruseTis winaaR-

mdeg dasavleTma CarTo saqarTvelo.

sul axlaxans ki misi moZme eri _

ukrainelebi. imperiebs Soris terito-

riebis gadanawileba grZeldeba da

gagrZeldeba sanam kacobrioba iarse-

bebs. mTavaria mcire erebi ar Seewiros

maT Soris brZolas.

goCa SalamberiZe

saidumlo Sexvedra wyneTSi _ ra moxda “nacionalebis”liderebsa da maT mokavSire biznesmenebs Soris?

sando da kargad informirebulma

wyarom gvacnoba, rom ramdenime dRis

win “nacmoZraobasTan” daaxloebuli

biznesmenebisa da am partiis liderTa

faruli Sexvedra gaimarTa. am

Sexvedris iniciatorebi nacTa zeobis

periodSi “nomenklaturuli” biznes-

menebi yofilan, es faruli Tavyriloba

wyneTSi, erT-erTi biznesmenis agarakze

Sedga da mas, daaxloebiT, oci msxvili

biznesmeni eswreboda. maTi vinaobis

dazusteba, wyarom jerjerobiT ver

moaxerxa. “nacmoZraobas” ki giga boke-

ria, givi TargamaZe da gia baramiZe

warmoadgendneno, _ wers avtori levan

RviniaSvili statiaSi “gasaidumloe-

buli Sexvedra wyneTSi”.

rogorc gamocema iuwyeba, maTi wyaro

acxadebs, rom biznesmenebma mkafiod

da kategoriulad daufiqsires “nace-

bis” liderebs, rom isini maTi partiis

dafinansebas aRar apirebdnen.

amonaridi statiidan: “es xalxi

wlebis manZilze afinansebda “nac-

moZraobis” saarCevno kampaniebs, sxva

saxis aqtivobebs, inaxavda “nacmoZrao-

bis” kuTvnil mediasaSualebebs, partiis

konkretuli liderebisa da maTi ojaxe-

bis wevrebis sazRvargareTul voiaJebs,

ucxoeTis prestiJul universitetebSi

swavlis qiras uxdida partiis lid-

erTa Svilebsa da axlo naTesavebs...

biznesmenebs daurideblad uTqvamT “na-

cionalebisTvis”, rom amieridan maTgan

erT TeTrsac veRar miiRebdnen. es

biznesmenebi sargeblobdnen privi-

legiebiT, igebdnen saxelmwifo ten-

derebsa da aqucionebs, SeRavaTian da

simbolur fasad yidulobdnen sax-

elmwifo qonebas. mokled, “mwvane Suqi”

hqondaT anTebuli. givi TargamaZes

swored es Seuxsenebia maTTvis da

daumunaTebia, _ jer kidev valSi xarT

CvenTano. biznesmenebs ukan ar dauxe-

viaT da rac zemoT CamovTvale, “na-

cionalebisTvis” gakeTebuli aTi imdeni

sanacvlo sikeTe kidev SeuxsenebiaT.

uTqvamT, rom aTeulobiT milioni aqvT

daxarjuli infrastruqturul proe-

qtebze TbilisSic da regionebSic,

specfondebSi... mokled, biznesmenebs

uTqvamT, rom, Tu rame sikeTe miiRes

“nacionalTa” xelSewyobiTa da

mfarvelobiT, yvelaferi gadaixades

da axla, saakaSvilis partiis gareSe

apireben saqmianobis gagrZelebas.

biznesmenebis erT nawils uSualod

givi TargamaZisTvis uTqvams, rom of-

SorSi daregistrirebuli konkretuli

qarTuli bizneskompaniebis angariSebze

“nacliderebis” kuTvnili Tanxebi in-

axeba da es fuli droulad gadaitaneT

sxva angariSebze, Torem avdgebiT da

Cven movixmarTo. SeiZleba es aris bi-

ujetidan moparuli milionebi, rom-

lebic am biznesmenTa daxmarebiT gaaTe-

Tres da maT miabares ofSorul an-

gariSebze Sesanaxad. mokled, “na-

cionalebi” magar SarSi arian, sava-

raudod, gauWirdebaT saqarTveloSi

iseTi kompaniebis moZebna, vinc am fuls

isev ofSorSi Seunaxavs. gauWirdebaT

imitom, rom mas Semdeg, rac biznesmenma

giorgi kapanaZem prokuraturasTan

iTanamSromla da jer gigi ugulavas

qvisli, giorgi RoniaSvili daaWerina,

mere ki Tavad ugulavas cixeSi gas-

tumrebaSic daido wili, aRaravis en-

dobian. biznesmenebs bokerias, Targa-

maZisa da baramiZisTvis aseve uTqvamT,

rom konkretul “nacionalTa” ojaxis

wevrebsa da maT “naTesavebs” maTsave

kompaniebSi rom aqvT wilebi xelSeuxe-

blobis sanacvlod da solidur divi-

dendebsac iRebdnen, yvela aseTma adami-

anma Tu uari ar ganacxada sakuTar

wilze, maSin isini giorgi kapanaZis

gzas daadgebian da samarTaldamcaveb-

Tan iTanamSromleben. ramdenime biz-

nesmens isic uTqvams, giorgi kapanaZis

Canawerebi araferia amasTan SedarebiT,

rac maT aqvT arqivSi.

am Sexvedraze biznesmenebs isic

uTqvams, rom bizness ar aaqtiurebdnen

da molodinis reJimSi muSaobdnen,

elodebodnen qveyanaSi procesebis gan-

viTarebas da amiT gvarianadac izar-

ales da rac mTavaria, maTi mxridan es

iyo sabotaJi saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg

da es rom gaakeTes, nanoben kidec,

radgan dRevandel xelisuflebasTan

dapirispireba ar surT, amitom axla,

biznesaqtivobas gaagrZeleben da imave

reJimSi imuSaveben, rogorc 2012 wlis

saparlamento arCevnebamde muSaobd-

nen.”


poeziis kuTxe

ori saTrevela

ra axarxarebT?ra axarxarebT?avyiobiT rom qveyanas aqcevs„rusTavi-ori“ – sicruis macne,rodesac cdilobs waRmarT gzas

avcdeT, –ra uxariaT Soumen kacebs,ra axarxarebT Soumen kacebs,rad axsendebaT „cocxebi“ nacebs?pasuxs vin gagvcems?

zedaxoraase ram gaaRora, vinc daeZebda farsags,daetyo zedaxoraqveynis mansards da fasads,xalxi gaxliCa orad, orad ki ara – asad,skamebisaTvis brZolam,sikvdil-sicocxlis fasad!

qarebi da qaragmebimteri ver Caketavs am qveynis

saval gzebs,Tu ara moyvare, romelic briyvia,RvTismSoblis wilxvedri sam-

Soblo-savaneradgan samoTxidan ar gauriyi-

aT,bevri aqvT saTqmeli RrubelTa

qaravnebs,xvalindel aminds rom dRes

dafofinobenda qari mikiTxavs maT nawer

qaragmebs,vin ratom gvebrZvis da amiT ras

cdiloben!

zedaxoraase ram gaaRora,vinc daeZebda farsags?daetyo zedaxoraqveynis mansards da fasads;xalxi gaxliCa orad,orad ki ara asad,skamebisaTvis brZolam,sikvdil-sicocxlis fasad!

saTrevela 15 noembers

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Zirs nacebi da maTi

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ciad“,is arc xvamli, arc aragacia,mxolod uzneo arakacia da amitomac bedavs aqcias!ara, amjerad ar daaclian,misgan natanj xalxs msjavri

mkacri aqvs,cxvirs mougrexen, Rdins gaa-

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goleografia,goleografia

radgan natexi inarCunebs pirve-lad suraTs,zustad da sruladamis Secnoba Zalze mZafriada maxsendeba goleografia, rameTu usasrulod meordeba gzis

dasasrulikaenidan iudamde,iudadan _ ufliswul konstanti-

nemdeda dRemde, _ vidre vcxovrobT warsuliT… ra bedenaa,mkvleli ras inebebs,dana mogklavs, Tu tyvia _ misgan nasroli?daeSva ocnebis afrebida Jami aRmafrenis;radgan sxva ar rCeba araferi,roca cxadliv xedav,sad da ra gaelavs, rom SuriT aRvsilma kaenmaiseve imsxverplos abeli!

aleqsandre Sengelia

sul mudam unda gvaxsovdes, rom

Cveni xorcis sxeuli aris mama RmerTis

maradiuli sicocxlis informaciis wig-

nis (maradiuli saxarebis) saflavi. am

saflavSi sZinavs Cveni aRdgomis magiur

gasaRebs – lazares! amin!

`da ese enai,

Semkuli da kurTxeuli saxeliTa uf-

lisaiTa

mdabali da dawunebuli

moelis dResa mas meored mosvlasa

uflisasa~.

adre giTxariT, rom mama RmerTi kiT-

xulobs maradiuli sicocxlis wigns,

romelic Sedgenilia qarTuli saRvTo

damwerlobiTa da saRvTo eniT. es saRv-

To damwerloba da ena Tavis TavSia ma-

radiuli saxarebis teqstis gasaRebic.

amitom gveubneba RvTaebrivi ioane zo-

sime: `da es enai, Semkuli da kurTxeuli

saxeliTa uflisaiTa~ anu ufali mama

RmerTi qarTuli koduri matriculi

eniT azrovnebs da metyvelebs, romelsac

ewodeba ufali (lazare).

Tu adamians zemodan, mama RmerTisagan

ar mieca Sesabamisi sulieri simwife,

man dedamiwieri ganaTlebis programiTa

da mecnieruli profesorobiT, akademi-

kosobiT, papobiTa da patriarqobiT, ga-

moricxulia gaxsnas koduri teqsti da

mis SinaarsSi Caixedos. vkicxav maT Ta-

vianTi pativmoyvaruli ampartavnobis

gamo, magram TanavugrZnob sazogadoeb-

rivi mZime tvirTis gamo, romelsac isini

ZlivsZlivobiT miaTreven.

ibadeba martivi kiTxva: visganaa da-

wunebuli da damdablebuli mama RmerTis

damwerloba da ena? upirveles yovlisa,

mama RmerTis damwerloba, ena da Ze

RmerTi dawunebuli da damcirebulia

samRvdeloebis, samecniero da politi-

kuri institutebis mier. ratom daiwunes

RvTis damwerloba da ena? cru da bo-

roti kategoriebiT moazrovne kacob-

riobas aqvs da akmayofilebs mdabio,

agari da avazaki barabas sulis Sesaba-

misi damwerlobebi, enebi, ganaTlebis

programa da misgan aRmocenebuli sa-

zogadoebrivi da saxelmwifo politi-

kur-ekonomikuri sistemis reJimi (kaenis

ZRveni).

amitom, RvTis damwerloba da ena uc-

dis mesiis (iesos) meored mosvlas de-

damiwaze, romelic am eniT ganikiTxavs

`yovelsa enasa _ xalxebis umecebas,

codvas da aRudgens mas ucodveli az-

rovnebis suls. amitom gveubneba RvTa-

ebrivi `qebai~: `da ese enai Semkuli da

kurTxeuli saxeliTa uflisaiTa, mda-

balni da dawunebuli, moelis dRes mas

meored mosvlasa uflisasa~. amin!

`da saswaulad ese aqvs:

as oTxi weli

umetes sxvaTa enaTa

qristes mosvlisgan dResamomde~.

ai, aq, am teqstSi Cadebulia sakraluri

saidumlo, romelsac gveubneba geniosi

zosime SefarviTa da gasaocari ale-

goriiT: as oTxi weli~ gulisxmobs,

rom qarTuli asoniSnebi kodia, gasaRebic

masSi devs da a. S.

às oTxi~ gulisxmobs uflis sulis

saidumlo enis gasaRebs.

iZulebuli var, koduri sistemiT

giTxraT saTqmeli, vinaidan martivi

teqstiT urTulesi saidumlo sityvas

gasaRebis gadmocema SeuZlebelia.

kodi 10+16+4+10=41 (ali)

k+o+d+i

20+70+4+10=104 weli 1+14+2+1+14=32

Wari= damwerloba

a+n+b+a+n = sityvis Semoqmedi

1+50+2+1+50=104 weli

RvTaebrivi saxareba gveubneba: iesom

icoda ra, rom mamam yvelaferi misca

mas xelT, rom RvTisgan gamovida da

RmerTTan midis, wamodga serobidan, gada-

do zemo samoseli (anu mama RmerTis

maradiuli saxarebis wignis damwer-

lobisa da enis Sinaarsi, auxsna da

aswavla mociqulebs). aiRo tilo da

welze Semoirtya (anu mociqulebs aCvena

qarTuli damwerlobisa da enis sityvis

gasaRebi, romelic aris piridan dasabade-

beli sityvis gasawmendi, sufTa koduri

sityvis Sesadgeni erTaderTi ufali).

Semdeg Caasxa wyali sabanelSi da daiwyo

mowafeebis fexis bana da im tiloTi

SemSraleba, romelic welze ertya (anu

mowafeebs aswavla, rogor moxdeba qar-

Tuli damwerlobiTa da eniT kacobri-

obis codvili azrovnebis ganbanva).

mivida simon petresTan, man ki uTxra:

ùfalo Sen unda dambano fexi?~ miugo

iesom da uTxra mas: `rasac vakeTeb

axla, ar ici, mere ki gaigeb~ (samRvde-

loebam axla ar icis, Tu ras niSnavs

fexis dabana, ver xvdebian, rom maT

qristes saxeliT fexebs vbanT qarTuli

eniT), petrem uTxra: ùkunisamde ar

damban fexs~, iesom upasuxa: Tu ar

dagban CemTan ar geqneba wili~. simon-

petrem uTxra: ùfalo, ara marto

fexs, aramed xelsac da Tavsac~. uTxra

iesom: `ganbanils aRar Wirdeba dabana,

garda fexebisa, radgan is mTlad suf-

Taa da Tqvenc sufTani xarT, oRond

yvela ara. (mxedvelobaSia ivriTi, iuda

sinagogas samRvdeloeba, romelic

cruobs da bibliis avtorad aCvenebs

Tavs msoflios) radgan icoda vin

gascemda. amitom Tqva yvelani ar xarT

sufTa~ (ioane 13, 3-11).

Tu Cven tanisamoss mTlianad gavixdiT

da titveli davdgebiT iatakze (miwaze),

sxeulis yvela detali TvaliT xiluli

gaxdeba sxva adamianisTvis. misTvis mx-

olod fexis terfebi darCeba dafaruli

da uxilavi. rodesac Cven bibliis

teqsts vkiTxulobT, mTlianad vxedavT

damwerlobis sxeuls, anu sityvis

samosels, xolo damwerlobisa da

sityvis saidumlo Sinaarss – fexebis

terfebs – ver vxedavT mTlianad.

ai, ras niSnavs saidumlo religiiT

qristes mier mowafeebisaTvis fexebis

dabanis alegoria. bolo ori aTasi

welia, rac kacobriobam wera-kiTxva ma-

siurad iswavla. gansakuTrebiT XIX

saukunidan moyolebuli uTvalavi wigni

daiwera, magram veravin ver mixvda, damw-

erlobisa da enis xarisxi rom

gansazRvravs am enaze metyveli xalxis

cnobier-SemecnebiT xarisxs, anu damwer-

lobiTa da eniT, marTlmadidebluri

moZRvrebis safuZvelze Sedgenili

ganaTlebis programa rom gansazRvravs

erisa da naciis cnobier-SemecnebiT

xarisxs. es arc erTma mRvdelma, mec-

nierma da saxelmwifos meTaurma ar

icis Tanamedrove msoflioiSi.

macxovari ieso eubneba petre mo-

ciquls: `Tu ar dagban, Cemgan ar

geqneba wili~, anu visac siRrmiseulad

ar ecodineba qarTuli damwerlobis,

enisa da wmida werilebis dafaruli

saidumlos Sinaarsi, mas CemTan ar eqneba

wilio, _ yvela, mTeli kacobrioba, miT

umetes patriarqebi da episkoposebi, rom-

lebic qristes serobis fexis dabanis

rituals atareben, magram RvTis msax-

urebad ar CaeTvlebaT, Tu xiRrmiseulad

ar iswavlian qarTul damwerlobaSi,

enasa da sityvaSi damarxul saidumlos

da am saidumlos ar aziareben mrevls.

saxarebis teqsti gveubneba, rom ieso

joxiT miwaze werda da mowafeebs raRac

saidumlos aswavlidao. diax, man

qarTvelebsa da danarCen kacobriobas

bevri saidumlos gasaRebi dautova, ma-

gram mTavari gasaRebi devs qarTul

damwerlobasa da enaSi. amitom gveubneba

RvTaebrivi ioane zosime: `da saswaulad

ese aqvs, as oTxi weli umeteis sxvaTa

enaTa, qristes mosvliTgan

dResamomde~. ioane zosimes meore teqst-

Si às oTxi welis~ nacvlad weria

òTxmocdaToTxmeti~ weli. amiT araferi

ar fuWdeba, vinaidan 104+40 anbanis wili

=144=lazares, xolo Tu meore variantiT

visargeblebT, maSin 94+50 kodi =144

lazares. qarTuli kodi w-eli, w-elia

gulisxmobs, rom mama abraamidan

4X1000=4000 wlis Tavze elia winaswarme-

tyveli da graalis Tasis saZmo qristes

meored mosvlis winare dReebSi dai-

wyeben lazares aRdgenis mosamzadebel

samuSaoebs. saidumlo serobisas macxo-

varma welze rom Semoirtya pirsaxoci,

isic igives gulisxmobs. ase rom, ioane

zosimes winaswarmetyveleba mTlianad

aRsrulda. amin!

`da es yoveli, romeli weril ars,

mowamed warmogiTxar,

as oTxi ese weli,

da wili anbanisai~

wmida biblia gvaswavlis, rom

TiToeuli adamiani Sedgeba ukvdavi

sulisa da xrwnadi sxeulisagan, magram

ra xdeba da sad midis adamianis ukvdavi

suli misi xorcis garsis sikvdili

(gardacvalebis) Semdeg?! aRniSnul sak-

iTxze samRvdeloebas aqvs bundovani

pasuxi, Tanac isini Tvlian, rom is, vinc

ar aris qristiani da ziareba ara aqvs

miRebuli samRvdeloebisagan, absolu-

turad kvdeba da ukvdavad qreba samyar-

odan. SekiTxvaze RmerTma Seqmna Cineli,

indoeli, arabi da sxva, maTSi ukvdavi

sulis Cadeba daaviwyda? samRvdeloebas

mocemul SekiTxvaze pasuxi ara aqvs.

amitom am sakiTxze visaubreb, radgan

às oTxi ese weli, da wili anbanisai~

ekuTvnis ara mxolod cocxal 6-7 mil-

iard kacobriobas, aramed n –raodenobismicvalebulebsac.

yvelaferi da yovelive arsebuli

sxeulis jvarcmiT axali ganzomilebis

sxeulSi, anu jvarcma aris sicocxlis

maradiuli gaaxlebis aucilebeli piro-

ba.

ai, Turme sinamdvileSi ras gulisx-

mobs geniosi ioane zosime àsoTxi weli

da wili anbanisai~ -s teqstis saidumlo

kodiT.

isev vimeoreb, rom TiToeul adamianSi,

romelic axla cxovrobs dedamiwaze

da cxovrobdnen wuTisoflis dasabami-

dan, informaciis saxiT devs maradiuli

sicocxlis programis wigni, romelic

Sedgenilia qarTuli damwerlobiTa da

eniT, romlis saidumlo gasaRebia 104

weli da 40 wili anbanisai = 144 =

lazare. ase rom, gamCeni RmerTis winaSe

yvelani, vinc ki cxovrobs dedamiwaze

da n – raodenobis micvalebulebi, Tanas-

worni varT.

murman xubulava

qebai da didebai qarTulisa enisai


aRsaniSnavia, rom zemoxsenebuli av-torebi Ziriseul formas x‚ xmabaZviTiwarmomavlobisad miiCneven, magram arakonkreteben bgeraTa kompleqsis x‚gamReb realobas.

bgera x ukana sasismieri bgeraa.gaurkvevelia, ratom miiRo bgera-sityvamx‚ zemoaRniSnuli mniSvnelobebi.

iberiul (e.w. megrul) enaSi gvaqvs,kidev, me-3 piris zmna xon‚ (xna), zogadiformiT, xonua (xvna). am sityvis gaux-movanebeli, anu Ziriseuli forma undayofiliyo x‚n‚, sadac x‚ da n‚ adami-anTa SekavSirebuli Cans.

cnobilia, rom miwis damuSaveba (xvna,barva) xdeba datkepnili miwis siRrmeSiwylis ukeT SeRwevis mizniT. xSiradnayofis momcem xeebs am mizniT Se-moabaraven.

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT n‚ wyalsniSnavs. xolo x‚‚‚... bgeraTa kompleqssgavigonebT guTniT, an megruli àgafa~-Ti miwis gatexvisas. e.i. x‚n‚ unda niS-navdes x‚‚ wylisTvis-as, anu xvna-s(x‚n‚ ®xuna ®xvna).

amdenad, SesaZloa, Ziriseuli formax‚ xna-s mniSvnelobiTac ixmareboda(x‚n‚ fix‚na ®xna). iberiulSi ki x‚n‚®xon‚ (xna).

am ukanasknel x‚‚ bgeraTa komple-qsze xmabaZviT da Semdgom misi emfaziisgareSe warmoTqmis mcdelobisas Sei-Zleboda migveRo x bgera.

Ã(//Ã‚[‚]). bgera-sityva Ã‚[‚]ixmarebasami mniSvnelobiT: 1. Ã‚//Ãu (peSvi); 2.Ã‚//Ãu (amxia). mag., n‚ga dudigime Ãu(`vedro~ Tavqve amxia); 3. Ã‚‚//Ãuu(Sala). mag., goCaq‚, WiWe ჸudeSi adgilc‚didi aSenkoni, jveSi WiWe ჸude do-Ã‚‚(goCam, patara saxlis adgilas didirom aeSenebina, Zveli patara saxlida-Sala). rogorc vxedavT, me-2 da me-3mniSvnelobebiT Ã‚da Ã‚‚me-3 piris zm-nebia da irTaven ra, yvela zmniswinsda rig sufiqss, gvaZleven mravali sx-vadasxva mniSvnelobis sityvas. Svid-tomeulis avtorebs Ziriseuli formaÃ, saerTod, ganxiluli ara aqvT.

sityvaSi xorxismieri Ã bgeris momde-vno bgera yovelTvis xmovania (mÃari,mÃedari, CÃiri, Ãoji (xari), Ãuji (mxari),Ãundi da sxv.). calke aRebulic Ãbgera warmoiTqmeba am TanxmovanTanTanmxlebi iracionaluri bgerisgansakuTrebuli emfaziis pirobebSi.amitom is gamoiTqmeba pirdaRebul md-gomareobaSi. amitomacaa is xorxis-mieri.

Ã‚‚‚‚..., Tu Ãuuuu... gabmul bgeraTakompleqss gavigonebT, Tu TiTebmoxrilxelis mtevans davifarebT yurze. al-baT, amitom ewoda TiTebmoxril xelismtevans Ãu.

Ã‚‚‚‚-Ã‚‚‚‚da a.S. gvesmis perioduladmZinare adamianis Ãurinua (®xvrinva).aRniSnul bgeraTa kompleqsebzexmabaZviT SeiZleboda migveRo xorxis-mieri Ã bgera.

j(//j‚). bgera-sityva j‚ ixmareba orimniSvnelobiT: 1. j‚//ja (xe); 2. j‚ (wva).mag., Suladiri moxandeq‚ onjuas adreqidi-n-j‚ (daRlili mSromeli saRamosadre ki da-wva); aq n bgera mogvianebiTganviTarebuli unda iyos. gvaqvs sityvaj‚nc‚//janc‚ (wevs). aqedan unda iyosmiRebuli Semoklebuli sityva jan[c‚](wevs).

rogorc vxedavT, bgera-sityva j‚ me-3 piris zmnaa da irTavs ra iberiulenaSi arsebul yvela zmniswins dazog sufiqss, gvaZlevs mraval sx-vadasxva mniSvnelobis sityvas, rac Sv-didtomeulis avtorebs gaTvaliswineb-uli ara aqvT.

`Ziriseuli formis j‚warmomavlobadasadgenia~-o, _ miuTiTeben Svid-tomeulis avtorebi.

j‚‚ bgeraTa kompleqss gavigonebT,swori xis moris, Tu xis waqcevisdros miwis swor zedapirze garTxmis(ga-wol-is) momentSi. amitom ewoda xesiberiul enaze j‚//ja, xolo wvas, da-wvas j‚(//j‚‚). j‚‚bgeraTa kompleqszexmabaZviT da Semdgom misi emfaziisgareSe warmoTqmis mcdelobiT Sei-Zleboda migveRo bgera j.

(ჸ//ჸ‚[‚]). bgera-sityva (ჸ‚//ჸ‚‚) ixmarebaerTaderTi mniSvnelobiT: ჸ‚‚(hyo, qmna).bgera-sityva ჸ‚‚ irTavs ra iberiulenaSi arsebul yvela zmniswins darig sufiqss gvaZlevs mraval sxvadasx-va mniSvnelobis sityvas, es ki gaTval-iswinebuli aqvT Svidtomeulis av-torebs. `ჸ‚‚Ziriseuli forma xmabaZvi-Tia~-o, aRniSnaven Svidtomeulis av-torebi, magram ra realobaze xmabaZviTmiiRo ჸ‚‚bgeraTa kompleqsma hyo, qmna-s mniSvneloba miTiTebuli ara aqvTda, saerTod, Zalze xSirad arakonkreteben ra realobis safuZvelzemiiRo ama Tu im Ziriseulma formamesa Tu is mniSvneloba da, konkretulad,ra realobaze xmabaZviT warmoiSva esaTu is Tanxmovani bgera.

ჸ‚-ჸ‚-ჸ‚‚-ჸ‚‚‚‚‚bgeraTa kompleqssgamoscems mamali. Sesabamisad, gvaqvssityva ჸioni (yivili).

ჸ‚‚ bgeraTa kompleqsis hyo, qmna-smniSvnelobiT warmoSoba ki dakavSire-bulia qal-vaJis intimur saidumlosTanda amitom, SeiZleba, aarides Tavi misdafiqsirebas Svidtomeulis avtorebma,magram es mecnierebaa da mecniere-bisaTvis saidumlo ar unda arsebob-des.

ჸ‚‚-ჸ‚‚-ჸ‚‚da a.S. bgeraTa kompleqss

gamoscems nebismieri erovnebis qalisqesobrivi aqtis dros orgazmSi yof-nis momentSi. swored, am momentSi gaRe-bul bgeraTa kompleqsze xmabaZviT mi-iRo Ziriseulma formam ჸ‚‚hyo-s, qmna-s mniSvneloba, radgan, swored am mo-mentSi xdeba yofiereba, qmna (Casaxva)axali sicocxlisa.

ჸ‚‚ bgeraTa kompleqsze xmabaZviTada Semdgom misi emfaziis gareSe war-moTqmis mcdelobiT SeiZleboda ჸbgeris miReba.

6652 Ziriseuli forma aqvT Svid-tomeulis avtorebs ganxiluli daxSirad aRniSnaven, rom esa da esZiriseuli forma bunebiTia (xmabaZvi-Tia), magram iSviaTad akonkreteben rarealobaze xmabaZviT miiRes maT esaTu is mniSvneloba. `magaliTad, aR-niSnaven, rom `rty‚ Ziriseuli formaxmabaZviTia~, magram ra realobagamoscems am bgeraTa kompleqss daris safuZvelze aqvT miRebuli sityvebsortyafu (sartyeli), dartyma da sxva,ar akonkreteben.

Tu moqnil, brtyel da grZel sagans,mag., akaciis qerqs gluvzedapirian xesSemovkravT, igi xes irgvliv Semoevleba(Semoekvreba) da gavigonebT harmoniulbgeraTa kompleqss rty‚‚. am bgeraTakompleqsze xmabaZviTa da mis gamRebrealobaze mimsgavsebiT miiRo welzeSemosavlebma saganma saxeldeba o-rty-afu (sa-rty-eli). aseve, romelime saganzesxva sagnis, Tu xelis Semokvram miiRosaxeldeba da-rty-ma.

`rCx‚‚ Ziriseuli forma xmabaZvi-Tia~-o, _ aRniSnaven Svidtomeulis av-torebi, magram, aseve, ar akonkreteben,ris safuZvelze miiRo aRniSnulmaZiriseulma formam recxvas mniSvnelo-ba.

damdgar, an Zalze mdored gadaadg-ilebadi wylis kalapotis fskeri mudamslipina da zgletiaa, xolo simaRlidanvardnadi wylis daRvris adgilze yve-laferi gaprialebulia. pirvelSemTxvevaSi, haerSi arsebuli mtveriileqeba umoZrao wylis auzis fskerzeda xdis mas slipinas da zgletias,xolo swrafad, vardnis siCqariTdacemuli wyali ar aZlevs mtversgaCerebis saSualebas da aq yvelaferigakrialebulia. umoZrao wyali aravi-Tar bgeras ar gamoscems, xolo simaR-lidan vardnili wyali gamoscems bger-aTa kompleqss Cx‚r‚r‚r‚ da mis qveSyvelaferi gakrialebulia. es bgeraTakompleqsi Cveni uZvelesi winaprisgonebaSi, SemoklebiT, ase dafiqsirda:Cx‚r‚. droTa ganmavlobaSi, enaTmec-nierebaSi kargad cnobili fonetikurikanonzomiereba _ metaTezisi (sityvaSi

bgeraTa adgilis Secvla) moxda da

amgvarad miviReT forma r‚Cx‚, magramiberiul metyvelebaSi r-sTan ‚bgerasmaxvili ar ecema da ar gaxmovanebula

da amitom mogvianebiT, saerTod, gaqra,

romlis Semdeg r bgera Cx‚ kompleqss

mWidrod Seekra da miviReT rCx‚. xolo

recxvis momentis ukeT gamoxatvis

mizniT ‚bgeras meti emfaziis (saxmosnoorganoebis meti daZabviT) gamoTqvamd-

nen da sabolood miviReT rCx‚‚. iberi-uli enis qarTlur dialeqtze ki for-

maSi r‚Cx‚ maxvili, albaT, ‚bgeras r-sTanac ecemoda da x-sTanac, amitom ‚bgera orive adgilas gaxmovanda da

miviReT reCxa ®recxa (iberiul Cx-s

xSirad cvlis qarTuli cx).

`ty‚r‚ Ziriseuli forma xmabaZvi-

Tia~-o, _ aRniSnaven zemoxsenebuli av-

torebi, magram ar uTiTeben ra realoba

gamoscems ty‚r‚ bgeraTa kompleqss da

ris safuZvelze mieniWa mas sicruis,

tyuilis mniSvneloba.

Cveni azriT, bunebaSi ar arsebobs

ty‚r‚ Ziriseuli formis ase SekavSire-

buli saxiT gamRebi realoba. is ty‚da r‚ formaTa kompoziti unda iyos.

forma r‚, gaxmovanebis Semdeg re (aris),

raRac realobis arsebobis damadas-

turebeli sityvaa da ty‚-s arsebobisukeT dadasturebisaTvis unda iyos

damatebuli, xolo ty‚ bgeraTa kom-

pleqss gamoscems gadamwifebuli, ufro

sworad, ukve gaxrwnili, sakvebad uvar-

gisi msxali, leRvi, tyemali da sxva

nayofi Camovardnisas, dacemis momentSi,

da daiqceva miwaze. aseTi nayofi sanam

asxia, formaSenarCunebuli, var-

gisianobis STabeWdilebas tovebs Sori-

dan, magram xSirad imedgacruebuli

vrCebiT, Tundac xeliT movwyvitoT.

xolo vargisi nayofi gamoscems sul

sxva bgeraTa kompleqss dacemisas da,

SeiZleba, daziandes, magram garecxvis

Semdeg vargisia sakvebad. swored amitom

mieniWa ty‚bgeraTa kompleqss sicruisa

da siyalbis gamoxatvis funqcia. aqedan

warmosdga sityva tyuili (¬tyuile

tyuire ¬ty‚‚re ¬ty‚‚r‚).

kukuri fifia, `fazisisa~ da àias~ saero-

samecniero akademiebis wevri,

kolxuri kulturuli

memkvidreobis Seswavlisa da

dacvis asociaciis vice-prezidenti

sisastikis amsaxveli fotoebi, romlebmac msoflio SeZramexsierebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia

cudi movlenebis miviwyeba. “ers, romel-sac ar axsovs sakuTari warsuli, araqvs momavali”, _ ambobda uinstonCerCili. warsulis Secdomebi mudamunda gvaxsovdes, raTa arasdros gav-imeoroT...

gTavazobT sisastikis amsaxvel fo-tosuraTebs, romlebmac msoflio SeZra.

1. 1930 wels amerikaSi, TeTrkanianigogonas gaupatiurebis braldebiT, 2Savkaniani mamakaci jer awames, xoloSemdeg xeze CamoaxrCves. braldebulebislinCis wesiT gasamarTlebas samar-Taldamcavebmac ki ar SeuSales xeli.mogvianebiT ki dadasturda, rom ma-makacebi SecdomiT daadanaSaules damaT aranairi kavSiri ar hqondaT amdanaSaulTan. Tumca, TeTrkanianTa mxri-dan mudmivi agresiis gamo, amerikisSavkaniani mosaxleoba kidev didi xxnisganmavlobaSi ufrTxoda quCaSi gasvlas.

2. suraTi cnobili faSistis piradifoto albomidan. fotos ukana mxaresaqvs warwera: “ukanaskneli ebraelivinicidan”. 1941 wels vinicis regionSi28 aTasze meti ebraeli mokles.

3. samxreT vietnamis qvedanayofisgenerali nguen hgok loani tyved ay-vanil partizans klavs.

4. 1998 weli, sudani, tyveTa banaki.yoveldRiurad 100-ze meti adamianiSimSilisgan kvdeba. qveyanaSi humani-taruli krizisia. britanelma fo-tografma tom stodartma firze aRbe-Wra SimSilisgan dasustebuli biWuna,romelic sakvebis misaRebad idga rigSi,Tumca, kuTvnili produqti sxvam mopara.imis gamo, rom mozardi Zalian da-sustebulia, is ver axerxebs fexzedadgomas da saWmlis qurds, xoxviTmisdevs.

5. am fotosuraTma 2007 welspuliceris premia miiRo. kadrze aRbe-Wdilia, rogor uwevs ebraeli qaliwinaaRmdegobas jariskacebs, romlebicmas teritoriis ukanonod miTvisebaSiadanaSauleben.

sametyvelo bgerebis warmoSobisa da megrul (iberiul) enaSi maTgan mniSvnelobebis miRebis Sesaxeb


Tbilisis istoriaSi TiTqmis yvelaepizodi sainteresoa, gansakuTrebiT kimisi centraluri Tu gareubnebisdaarsebisa da ganaSenianebis ambavi.

amitom gvinda, istorias XIX sauku-nidan movyveT da dRevandelobamdemovideT. amjerad mTavari aqcentebiki Tbilisis iseT centralur ubnebzegavakeToT, rogoric aris, vake-sabur-Talo. ra uZRoda win am prestiJuliubnebis gaSeneba-ganviTarebas?

Temis gaSla ki istoriul mecniere-baTa doqtors, Tbilisis saxelmwifouniversitetis asistent-profesors, xel-nawerTa erovnuli centris mecnier-TanamSromels, aleqsandre boSiSvilsvTxoveT:

_ Tbilisi mdinare mtkvris orivenapirze, anu Tbilisis qvabulSiagaSenebuli da bunebrivia, mTeli is-toriis manZilze, qalaqis gafarToeba,

mdinaris sanapiroebs miuyveboda.XIX saukunis dasawyisidan, rodesac

Tbilisi kavkasiis centrad gamocxaddada rusi mTavarmarTeblebisa da mefis-nacvlebis samyofels warmoadgenda, imdroidan, saqarTvelos istoriis feo-dalur epoqaSi qalaqma gaSeneba Se-mosazRvruli kedlebis gareT daiwyo,pirvelad, cixis kedlis miRma arsebuli“gareTubani” (dRevandeli Tavisu-flebis moedani) iqna aTvisebuli, malemis gayolebaze, mTeli prospeqti gaSen-da da qalaqma, manamde misgan odnavmoSorebul sofel veremdec miaRwia.

XIX saukuneSi gaSenebuli ubnebi,dRevandeli rusTavelis gamziri, mTaw-minda da sololaki, mefisnacvlis,qarTveli didebulebis, qalaqisa damTlianad, qveynis mmarTveli elitis,aseve didvaWrebis sacxovrebeli iyo,Sesabamisad isini im dros, ukve yvelazeprestiJul ubnebad miiCneoda. erT-maneTis miyolebiT SendebodamsoflioSi cnobili arqiteqtorebismier daproeqtebuli saxlebi,romelTac, mogvianebiT cnobili mx-atvrebi xatavdnen da a.S.

_ qalaqi, rogorc cnobilia, mtkvrismeore mxaresac ganviTarda...

_ ra Tqma unda, meore kedlidanacgavida, da iqac gaCnda axali ubnebi dadasaxlebebi, sadac SedarebiT dabalisocialuri fenis warmomadgenlebi cx-ovrobdnen, amitom am ubnebma (avlabari,elia da sxva) iseTi statusi ver

moipova, rogoric sololakma, golovi-nis prospeqtma (dRevandeli rus-Tavelis gamziri), mTawmindam...

_ sofeli vere axseneT. masze ufrovrclad rom visaubroT...

_ diax, XIX saukunis bolos dagansakuTrebiT, XX saukunis pirvelnaxevarSi, Tbilisi orive mimarTulebiTfarTovdeboda da golovinis prospe-qtis gagrZelebaze, yvelaze adre qalaq-ma vere STanTqa, romelic manamdeTavisi baRebiT iyo cnobili da qalaqsxiliTa da bostneuliT amaragebda.

vere istoriul wyaroebSi XIII sauku-nidan Cans, amave periodSia agebuli“lurji monasteric”. iq XIX saukuneSiaxali ubnebi gaCnda (vardisubani, vake,saburTalo), romlebic mdinare veresxeobaSi iyo ganlagebuli. sofel vere-Si XIX saukunis 80-ian wlebSi dawye-bulma qalaquri sacxovrebelisaxlebis ganaSenianebam, saukunis bolosukve vakis sazRvars (varazis xevs) mi-aRwia. varazis xevi, rogorc saxelicgveubneba, im dros uzarmazar xevswarmoadgenda.

_ da XX saukuneSi qalaqi ukveaxali gamowvevebis winaSe dadga?

_ XX saukuneSi xelisuflebiscvlilebebis miuxedavad, qalaqis ga-farToeba da ganaSenianeba yvela droSiaqtiurad mimdinareobda.

varazis xevze didi xidi iyo gade-buli, xolo xevis gaRma saTavadaznaurogimnaziis, dRevandeli ivane javax-iSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis sax-elmwifo universitetis pirveli kor-pusis mSenebloba daiwyo. rogorc Cans,am ubnis Semdgom ganviTarebas da misi,rogorc qalaqis prestiJul, ganviTare-

bul da keTilmowyobil ubnebad Camoy-alibebaSi universitetis mSeneblobamdidi roli Seasrula.

ganaTlebis am taZris aSenebidan Za-lian male, 1907 wels, vake Tbiliss Se-mouerTda. misi intensiuri ganaSenianebaki XX saukunis 20-iani wlebis Semdegdaiwyo, xolo varazis xevis amovsebisSemdeg ki vake farTo quCiT qalaqissxva centralur raionebsac daukavSir-da. dRes is erT-erTi didi sacxovre-beli raionia, sadac sacxovrebelisaxlebi, saswavlo da samecniero dawe-sebulebebi aSenda. sacxovrebelisaxlebis umetesoba sabWoTa kavSiri-germaniis omis (1941-1945 ww.) wina peri-odSi (arqiteqtorebi: n. severovi, i.megeli, g. ximSiaSvli, n. leontievi, a.koCinaSvili, g. jandieri) aigo, radganaciq saxlebis umetesoba sabWoTa kavSirisperiodSi aSenda.

amitom SeiZleba gvefiqra, rom amubnis dawinaureba sabWoTa xelis-flebis mesveurTa survilis, anda, raimegadawyvetilebis gamo moxda, es asecrom yofiliyo, universitetis aqaSenebiT am saqmes ukve safuZvelihqonda Cayrili.

_ vakeSi Tavdapirvelad mTavar quCasra erqva?

_ mTavar quCas wyneTis gza war-moadgenda da mas mogvianebiT wyneTisquCac ewoda, igi daaxloebiT dRevan-deli filarmoniidan iwyeboda da wyne-Tamde grZeldeboda. aRniSnuli quCa1867 wels ukve arsebobda, XX saukunis20-ian wlebSi mas universitetis quCa

daerqva da am saxeliT aris dataniliim dros Sedgenil Tbilisis gegmebsada rukebze, xolo 1935 wels is nikomaris quCa gaxda, 1950-ian wlebSi cotaxans universitetis saxeli daubrunda,xolo 1957 wlidan mas ilia WavWavaZissaxeli mianiWes, dabadebidan 129 wlisada gardacvalebidan 50 wlis aRsaniS-navad.

_ varazis xevs albaT Tavis istoriaaqvs...

_ ki, saintereso istoria aqvs varazisxevs, romelic marTlac uzarmazarixevi gaxldaT. igi XX saukunis 40-ianwlebis bolos iqna amovsebuli, manamde,rogorc ukve aRvniSne, dRevandeli pe-tre meliqiSvilisa da ilia WvaWavaZisgamzirebi varazis xevze gadebuli xi-diT iyo dakavSirebuli. varazis xeviszeda nawilis amovsebis Sedegad war-moiqmna k. kekeliZis quCa, saxeli 1962wels ewoda, xolo 60-70-ian wlebSi aqsacxovrebeli korpusebi aSenda...

dRevandeli WavWavaZis gamziris para-lelurad, vakeSi sxva quCebic war-moiqmna, romlebic daaxlovebiT erTperiodSi gaSenda. magaliTad, dRevan-deli faliaSvilis quCac XX saukunis20-ian wlebSi gaCnda, Tavidan vakisquCa, xan vakis gamziri erqva, xolo 30-ian wlebSi zaqaria faliaSvilis sax-eli ewoda.

_ saburTalo vakis paraleluradviTardeboda?

_ Tbilisi vakis mimarTulebiT ga-farToebiT ar kmayofildeboda daparalelurad, saburTalos ganaSeni-anebac mimdinareobda. saburTalomtkvris marjvena mxares, dasavleTiTmdebareobs. mdinare veresa da mtkvarsSoris. mis teritoriaze aRmoCeniliarqeologiuri masala adasturebs, romadamiani iq jer kidev Zv.w. V-IVaTaswleulSi saxlobda, XI-XIIIsaukuneebSi saburTalo qalaqispiramzardi ubani yofila. xolo XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi veres farglebSiSedioda da mis dawinaurebulsasoflo-sameurneo raions warmoad-genda. saburTalos velis morigidasaxleba XIX saukunis meore naxe-varSi daiwyo. 1917 wels ki saburTalouSualod qalaqis teritoriuli naw-ili gaxda.

saburTaloze XX saukunis 20-ianwlebSi, dRevandeli pekinis, aleqsandreyazbegis gamzirebisa da maT irgvlivquCebis ganaSenianeba daiwyo, maleqalaqs SemouerTda sofeli delisic.misi adrindeli saxeli gdelisi iyo.toponimi XVIII saukuneSi iese osesZis TxzulebaSi da vaxuSti baton-iSvilis 1745 wlis “peterburgul at-lasSia” dadasturebuli. mogvianebiTbgera “g” daikarga da miviReT toponimi_ “delisi”.

SedarebiT, gvian, XX saukunis 50-ianwlebSi, warmoiqmna vaJa-fSavelas

gamziri, pirvelad kominternis quCaerqva, xolo 1961 wlidan vaJa-fSavelassaxeli ewoda.

XX saukunis Sua xanebSi saburTa-los ganaSenianebam intensiuri xasiaTimiiRo, garda sacxovrebeli saxlebisa,aq ganlagebuli iyo saswavlo, samec-niero, administraciuli, kulturul-saganmanaTleblo da sxva sazogadoe-brivi daniSnulebis Senobebi.

qalaqis sxva ubnebi ufro metadiyo datvirTuli qarxnebiT da fab-rikebiT, amitom, amanac Seuwyo xeli amori ubnis ufro metad dawinaurebas.

1958 wlidan vake da saburTalodelisis mxridan, erTmaneTs daukavSir-da, gaiyvanes gza, Tavdapirvelad, masdaviT guramiSvilis quCa erqva, xolo1990 wlidan mixeil TamaraSvilis sax-eli ewoda.

XX saukunis 50-70-ian wlebSi, vakisteritoria, iseve, rogorc saburTalosmidamoebi erT did uzarmazar sam-Seneblo moedans warmoadgenda. SeiqmnaganaSenianebis erTiani samoqmedo gegmada Sendeboda asobiT sazogadoebriviSenoba da sacxovrebeli saxli, sa-fuZveli eyreboda parkebsa da baRebs,gahyavdaT gzebi, iqmneboda axali quCe-bi.

amis Sedegad, mogvianebiT, vakesa dasaburTaloze Tavi moiyara, umaRlesisaswavleblebis, studentTa saerTosacxovreblebis, samecniero-kvleviTida saproeqto-sakonsturqcio insti-tutebis ZiriTadma nawilma, kulturismravalma dawesebulebam da sportulmanagebobam. am TvalsazrisiT vake dasaburTalo warmoadgenda ara martoaxalgazrdul, aramed iseT raionebs,sadac cxovrobda da muSaobda qveynis

samecniero-teqnikuri da SemoqmedebiTiinteligenciis udidesi nawili.

dRes am mxriv, mTels qalaqSi,samwuxarod, suraTi uaresobisken arisSecvlili. unda iTqvas, romgansakuTrebiT swored vakes da sabur-Talos exeba, _ aRniSnul ubnebSi sacx-ovrebel binebze gazrdilma moTx-ovnilebam, is gamoiwvia, rom bevri baRiganadgurda, uamravi xe moispo, quCebida moednebi Semcirda, amis xarjzeaSenda da dResac Sendeba mravalsar-Tuliani Senobebi, rac qalaqs da aR-niSnul ubnebsac sakuTar saxes ukar-gavs, amasTan ekologiuri mdgomareobac

mniSvnelovnad gauaresda.

lali facia

ra uZRoda win qalaqis prestiJuli ubnebis _ vake-saburTalos gaSenebasra ici saqarTvelos dedaqalaqis Taobaze


geronti qiqoZis (1886-1965) anal-itikuri esse `melanqoliuriSeniSvnebi~ qarTvelTa istoriulibedisweris mtkivneul problemasexeba. avtori vrclad saubrobsTanamedrove msoflioSi Cveni eris-rolisa da adgilis Sesaxeb.

sagulisxmoa, rom qvemoTmotanili werili TiTqmis asi wliswinaT daiwera da gamoqveynebulia1915 wels. vfiqrobT, ubadlo es-Tetisa da moazrovnis es qmnilebakidev erTxel daafiqrebs sxvaTamoimeded myof Cvens sazogadoebas.dRes, roca did Zalisxmevas vaxmarTama Tu im erTan mSvidobiani Tanacx-ovrebis gzebis Zebnas, ZalzemniSvnelovania cnobili qarTvelimecnierebis SexedulebaTa gaTval-iswineba, raTa es Tanacxovreba da-fuZnebuli iyos sinTezirebulfenomenze da ara im mtrul kon-glomerirebul msoflmxed-velobaze, riTac amerikelebi sper-matozoidebiviT miZvrebiani sx-vadasxva erebis sulSi da am gziTcdiloben maT gaxrwna-ganmxoloe-

bas!

Cven, qarTvelebs, naTesavebi ara gvyavsdedamiwis zurgze. es Zalian ucnaurimovlenaa, yoveli xalxi romelimeojaxs, romelime rassas ekuTvnis. yve-las hyavs an Zma, an biZaSvili, anSoreuli mokeTe. indoelebi, sparselebi,qurTebi evropielebis Sori-axlobelinaTesavebi arian. germanelebi, inglise-lebi, holandielebi, skandinelebi erTsviwro ojaxs Seadgenen. meore aseTiojaxi romanelebia, mesame _ slavianebi.

Cven romel rassas vekuTvniT? esaravin icis. Cven ara varT eTiopebi,ueWvelia, magram, TeTri kanis miuxedavad,arc indoevropielebi varT, arc semi-tebi, udedmamoT gaCenil, cidanCamovardnil arsebas vgevarT. Cveniena saocrad gansxvavdeba yvela cnobilenisagan: Taviseburia misi leqsikonic,misi sintaqsic, misi fonetikac. da enarom sulis garegnuli saxea, maSasadame,Taviseburia Cveni xasiaTic, Cveni mgrZno-biaroba da azrovnebac.

mecnierebi, romelnic yvelaze metadklasifikacias afaseben da saSinladitanjebian, roca raime gankerZoebulda gaugebar movlenas amCneven, amt-kiceben, rom qarTvelebsac gvyavdaaxlobeli naTesavebi, magram davkargeTJamTa msvlelobaSi. eseni yofilanZveli somxebi, elamitebi, xeTebi,urarTelebi, alarodiliebi an kidevetruskebi, baskebi da sxvebi. mxolodubedureba imaSia, rom es tomebi ansruliad mospobilan, an kidev sruliadSecvlilan. Tanamedrove somxobas Cven-Tan bevri aRaraferi aqvs saerTo arcgaregnobasa, arc enasa, arc mwerlobaSi.sxvebidan ki TiTqmis araferi darCeni-la, garda ramdenime lursmul warw-erisa, ieroglifisa Tu rebusisa, romel-ic jer aravis waukiTxavs da ram-denimeTaRian gvirabisa, romelic kidevar kmara rassiul naTesaobis dasamt-kiceblad. yovels SemTxvevaSi, qarTvelieri jerjerobiT martod-marto sdgas,rogorc cocxali nimuSi ucnobi, gar-dasuli rassisa, romelic SeiZlebasadme Soreuls saflavebSi sTvlemdes.

magram gana cocxals arsebas uTvis-tomoT yofna SeuZlian? mTeli Cveniistoria sulieri naTesavis Ziebaa.Znelad moipoveba eri, romelic asemotyuebuliyos Tavis saukeTeso imedeb-Si.

odesRac SuamdinareTSi gvicxovriada tigrosis Tu evfratis talRebisxma mogvismenia. uxvad gvisvamssamxreTis cxoveli mze da udabnoebissunTqva gviynosia. magram iqidan Zlier-ma da mravalricxovanma mezoblebmagamogvrekes; ar dagvacales arc ka-

padokiis xevebSi, arc mcire aziis mad-lobebze samudamod damkvidreba. daTu dRemde Cvens axlandels samSoblosSevrCiT, es, albaT, imis bralia, rommeti gasaqani aRar gvqonda:CrdiloeTiT gardauvali mTebi gvekra,dasavleTiT _ zRva, samxreT-aR-mosavleTiT ki mtriT dasaxlebuliadgilebi an erTferovani udabnoebi.

ara erTxel gagviwodebia xelibizantielebisTvis, magram gana imaTsavsebiT Cveni gageba SeeZloT? CvenWabukebi viyaviT, isini _ xanSiSesulebi;Cven raindebi viyaviT, isini _ kariskace-bi. Cven gviyvarda cxoveli sarwmunoeba,imaT _ Teologia; Cven gviyvarda feradicxovreba, imaT _ ganyenebuli abstraq-cia. CvenSic modiodnen bizantieliprincesebi da CvenSic mohyavdaTbizantieli xuroTmoZRvrebi da mx-atvrebi, magram es adamianebi srulebiTicvlebodnen, TiTqo xelaxla ibade-bodnen saqarTvelos niadagze. aq isiniufro axalgazrdani xdebodnen, ufromxiarulni: kunTebis Zalasac iZendnenda sulis moqnilobasac, TiTqo CvenicxraTvala mze adnobda maT melanqo-lias, TiTqo Cveni nazi hava maT sim-subuqes aZlevda, quTaisis taZaricbizantielma ostatebma Seamkes dakievis wminda sofiac da lavrac: erTmada imave imperatorma gamougzavna kon-stantinepolidan xuroTmoZRvrebibagrat meoTxesa da iaroslavs, magramra didi gansxvavebaa qarTul da rusulZeglebs Soris! kievis eklesiebisulmokle aslebia bizantiuri nimuSe-bisa. maTi fasadebi usaxuria; maTi ko-rpusebi tlanqi da damZimebuli. maTakliaT sidiade. sididis miuxedavad,bagratis taZari, piriqiT, ganumeorebe-lia. misi proporciebi zomieri dakeTilSobilia, misi konturebi ele-ganturi da grandiozuli. bizantielebsbrmad arc mxatvrobasa da qandakebaSivbaZavdiT. maT mozaika uyvardaT, radganmoTminebis adamianebi iyvnen, Cvenfreskebs vaZlevdiT upiratesobas,radgan meti emocia da fantazia gvqon-da. Cveni Senobebis kedlebze naklebiadgili hqonda gamxdar, dagrZelebulda gaSeSebul wmindanebs, gana beTaniisantimoTes ubnis freskebi bizantiurinimuSebis aslebi arian? romelbizantiel mxatvars SeeZlo amdeni gu-lubryvilobis da Seugnebuli sibrZnisgamoCena? romel bizantiel mxatvarsSeeZlo amdeni sulieri sicocxlisda moZraobis gadmocema? mxolodqarTvels SeeZlo aseTi siyvaruliTda yuradRebiT Tevzebisa, frinvelebisada cxovelebis gamosaxva netar datanjul adamianebis gverdiT.

bizantielebis ganyenebuli bunebaadvilad Seurigda xatebis mebrZolimperatorebis dekretebs: imaT SeeZloT,Tayvani ecaT abstraqtuli sulisTvis.Cven arasodes ar vyofilvarT xatebismebrZolni. Cven gvsurda, Cveni RmerTebiTvaliT dagvenaxa, maTi adamianurisiaxlove guliT gvegrZno. Cvens fat-nazias xSirad swvevian aRmosavleTurixilvani.

svetebis Tavebze xSirad vsWridiTarabeskebs, faskunjebs, mtredebs, romel-nic niskartiT erTi meores ealerse-bian, vefxvebs Tu avazebs, romelnicirmebs ebrZvian, da grifebs, romelTacklanWebSi gvelebi uWiravT.

magram Cven mainc arc aRmosavleTisRviZliSvilebad CaviTvlebiT. aR-mosavleTuri despotizmi CvenTvis ucxoda gaugebari iyo. Cven ar SegveZlo,qedi mogvexara usityvo morCilebisniSnad. qedficxeli aristokratebiseri viyaviT da TviTeuls CvenganSiliparit orbelianis suli scxovrob-da. sparselebis didi mgosnebi _ fir-dousi, saadi, hafizi, jelaledin rumi_ advilad SeviTviseT, magram maTinawarmoebi ufro gadmovaqarTuleT,vidre vTargmneT. germanelma mecniermafinkma samarTlianad aRniSna, romqarTvelebs sruli ufleba gvaqvs

faxredinis `visramiani~ sakuTarerovnul poemad vaRiaroT; es romanigadavnaTleT da Cvens romantiul daraindul suls SevufardeT. magramTu CvenTvis ase Tu ise sparselebismwerloba da xelovneba kidev axlo-beli iyo, samagierod sruliad miuRe-beli iyo maTi eTika da sarwmunoeba.isini im TaviTve fatalistebi iyvnen,Cven arasodes uazrod ar migvaCndazneobrivi ajanyeba bedisweris winaaR-mdeg. imaTi saukeTeso adamianebi as-ketebi da mistikosebi gaxdnen im xanaSi,roca CvenSi realizmi da humanizmigaZlierda. imaTi sufisturi Teosofiada poezia pirovnebis gaTqvefas moiTx-ovda absoluturs erTeulSi; Cven war-marTuli tradiciebi da Cveni indi-vidualisturi morali piriqiT,pirovnebis dadasturebas iRiarebda.Tumca Cveni mezoblebi iyvnen, magramarasodes sulieri naTesaoba ar gvi-grZnia am xalxTan. rogorc sisxl-mowyurebuli mteri, ise SeviWrebodiTmaT samflobeloSi. Semdeg mivdiodiTrogorc iranis mbrZaneblis moxarkeni,magram gulwrfelad arasodes ar ga-davxvevivarT.

drogamoSvebiT CvenSi Soreulqveynebidan ucxoelebi modiodnen dasaxtad rCebodnen Cveni didebuli

naSTebis winaSe. Cveni bednieri dRee-bi maT ar enaxaT: ar icodnen, romerTs dros didi Taviseburi kulturagvqonda, romelic sCanTqa saSinelmakatastrofam, amitom Cvens miwa-wyalzeyvelaferi saswaulad eCvenebodaT. maTeucxoebodaT yvelaferi, rac ki saSua-lo zomas scildeboda da maRaliniWis an aRfrTovanebis beWeds atareb-da. diubua de monperes ukvirda, romsafaris bareliefebi qarTvelma ermaSehqmna. kondakovi am plastiur nawar-moebs bizantielebs awerda. magram amgziT unda uargveyo rac ki ram diadida originaluria qarTulsxelovnebaSi: saeklesio xuroTmoZRvre-ba da CuqurTmebis dekoracia, minanqrobada oqromWedloba, freskebis da minia-turebis mxatvroba, beqa da beqSenopizarTa pirovneba.

mdidrebi viyaviT erTs dros daboganoebaT viqeciT bolos, magramaristokratiuli suli mainc SegvrCa.

SegvrCa profilis siwminde damixvra-moxvris keTilSobilebac. bevrsesec eucxoeboda. meCvidmete saukuneSiCvens samSoblos Sardeni ewvia da aR-moaCina, rom Cven uflidesi da uvelure-si xalxi varT dedamiwis zurgze;Cveni xili ugemuraT scno da Cveniqalebi uzneoT. magram Cvenma silamazemisic moxibla. misTvis amocanad darCa,rogor SerCa qarTvels toms aseTiSno da mimzidveloba. ar SeiZlebamarTlac gasakvirali iyos. Cven xommTeli saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi us-aSineles xarks vaZlevdiT sparseTisSahs da osmaleTis xonTqars. es xarkiswored Sardenis dros iyo umZimesi.Cvenma lamazma qal-vaJebma gaakeTil-Sobiles winaaziis dabalxarisxovanirassebi. Cven ki Tumca davZabundiT dadavqveiTdiT, savsebiT mainc ar

dagvikargavs sxeulis elastiuri Zala.Cveni kultura arasodes ar yofila

viwrod centralisturi; Cven arasodesar gvqonia qarTuli parizi an moskovi.

Cveni kultura yovelTvis gafantuliiyo. yovels provincias TavisigansakuTrebuli saxe hqonda da yovelxevsa Tu maRlobs taZari an cixe-koSki amSvenebda. xalxi ar iyo da-Sorebuli gonebisa da ganaTlebiscentrs da kulturac ufro farTo,ufro xalxosnuri iyo. amitom aris,rom dRes ase Znelia Cveni moTavsebaerTxel da samudamod CamoyalibebulskalapotSi.

rusobisTvis ucnobia Cveni mZafrisubieqtivizmi. istorikosebi imasac am-boben, rom Zveli slavianebi TavebssWridnen TavianT gamarjvebulsardlebs: ver urigdebodnen individ-ualobas, romelic saSualo zomasscildeboda. es miswrafeba erTsaxeo-bisa da erTferovnebisadmi SemdegSicSerCaT rusebs.

ivane mrisxanebam Zirianad mosrnasabralo novgorodi, romelsac is er-TaderTi danaSauli miuZRoda, rommoskovs ara hgavda. biurokratiuliwes-wyobileba, sazogadoebis milita-rizacia, gamarusebeli politika gareg-nuli gamoxatulebaa am universalur,gamaTanasworebel miswrafebisa. vera-sodes ver SeveguebiT am Taviseburegalitarizmsa da centralizms.

verc Cveni mezoblebi SeurigdebianCvens subieqtivizms. amitom sulieradyovelTvis ucxo davrCebiT erTi-meo-resTvis. es Cveni bedi Tu ubedobaa.

Cveni winaprebi imaSi hxedavdnennugeSs, rom Cvenc marTlmadidebelnivarT maTsaviT. magram rarig gansx-vavdeba TviT Cveni Semecneba sarwmu-noebisa!

CvenTvis umTavresi mniSvnelobayovelTvis pirads gancdas hqonda,imaTTvis zogad dogmebs. CvenSi ara-sodes ar yofila mwvalebloba anraskoli; arasodes ar gvibrZoliaimisTvis, Tu rogor unda daiwerosiesos saxeli, ramdeni TiTiT undagamovisaxoT pirjvari an eklesiasgars rogor unda SemovuaroT. amaTSiarasodes ar yofila sindisis Tavi-sufleba: arasodes ar Serigebian imazrs, rom sarwmunoeba pirads aR-mafrenaSi mdgomareobs da ara saekle-sio ceremonialSi. Cven gvyavda giorgida eqvTime mTawmindeli, efrem mcireda anton Wyondideli. imaT hyavdaTpatriarqi nikoni.

cnobilia, rom ioane mTawmindeliiberiis naxevarkunZulze gaemgzavra.egona, rom iq qarTvelebis monaTesavexalxi cxovrobda. axla kargad viciT,rom Cveni saeklesio moRvawe scdebodada espanelebs CvenTan araferi aqvTsaerTo: magram axla isic viciT, romnaTesavebi sruliad ara gvyavs dedami-waze. amitom exla kidev ufro ganmar-toebuli varT, vidre saSualo sauku-noebSi viyaviT. maSin iluziebi maincgvqonda.

geronti qiqoZe

melanqoliuri SeniSvnebi


receptis Savi bazari TbilisSi _ afTiaqebisa da eqimebis TanamSromlobis ukanono sqemamedikamentebze axali sarecepto reg-

ulaciebidan sami Tvis Tavze receptisSavi bazari ukve saxezea, _ iuwyebianJurnalistebi. maTi informaciiT, Savbazars Tavad saafTiaqo kompaniebiamuSaveben. gayidvebi rom ar Semcirdes,momxmarebels nebismier receptsaZleven, romelic mxolod konkretulafTiaqSi moqmedebs. Jurnalistebi in-ternetsaitebze am praqtikis damadas-tureblad farul kadrebsacavrceleben, romelic erT-erT konkre-tul afTiaqSia gadaRebuli, TumcadasZenen, rom ar aris gamoricxuli,rom igive sqema sxva afTiaqebSic iyosan mas axla nergavdnen.

afTiaqis SesasvlelTan momx-marebels xvdeba warwera “eqimi”, romel-ic momxmareblis karnaxiT nebismierrecepts gamowers.

farul CanawerSi Jurnalisti eqimiskabinets ewvia. kiTxvaze, SeuZlia Tuara eqims misTvis receptis gamowera,eqimi pasuxobs, rom SeuZlia, magram mx-olod “aversis” momxmareblisTvis. Ju-rnalistis replikaze, Tu ra mniSvnelo-ba aqvs misTvis (eqimisTvis), Tu romelafTiaqSi iyidis gacemul receptze mi-TiTebul wamlebs, eqimi pasuxobs _

“TqvenTvis ara, magram samagierod amasCemTvis aqvs mniSvneloba”...

“Cven varT “aversis” TanamSromlebida vinc SeiZens medikaments “aversSi”,imas gamovuwerT recepts, Tu aradasxva ar vemsaxurebiT”, _ ambobs eqimierT-erT farul CanawerSi.

amave farul CanawerSi naTlad Cans,rom eqimi araTu gamokvlevis Cautare-blad (rac axali regulaciebis amo-qmedebis Semdeg calsaxad kanondar-Rvevaa), aramed pacientis iq ar yofnismiuxedavadac ki wers recepts. masSemdeg, rodesac Jurnalisti mas sTxovsgamouweros wamali dedisTvis, eqimiamas martivad, kanonis gverdis avliT,momxmareblis karnaxiT akeTebs, racsruliad aramarTebulia ara mxolodaxali regulaciebis SemoRebis Semdeg,aramed zogadad, samedicino saqmi-anobaSi.

Jurnalistebi mkiTxvelebsmayurebels aversis menejmentis pozi-ciasac acnoben, romlebic aRniSnaven,rom es eqimebi sxedan afTiaqisgangamijnul adgilas da maT ar aqvTkavSiri afTiaqTan, Tumca eqimis naTq-vami, rom mxolod “aversis” momx-marebels gamouwers recepts, menejmen-

tis amgvar gancxadebas ewinaaRmdegeba.“afTiaqi afTiaqia da samedicino

dawesebuleba sxvaa. anu, maT unda gaake-Ton instalacia ojaxis eqimis kabi-netis. Tu isini daakmayofileben srulmoTxovnebs, aseT SemTxvevaSi SeuZliaTamis gakeTeba, magram sadme kuTxeSirom miuCinon magida da kalami, ase _vera”, _ ambobs saqarTvelos jandacvisministri daviT sergeenko.

eqimebsa da saafTiaqo qselebs Sorisamgvar TanamSromlobas saxifaTod mi-iCneven eqspertebic. wamlis saagentosyofili xelmZRvaneli ambobs, rom Tueqimi iqneba farmacevtuli kompaniismier marTuli, is aucileblad daniSnavsim wamals, romlis gayidvac konkretulsaafTiaqo qsels awyobs.

“rogor SeiZleba Cven es eqimebivmarToT axali regulaciebiT, Tu isiniiqnebian afTiaqebis mier daniSnulni.isini momxmarebelze gascemen sworedim wamals, rac unda dainiSnos maTipartniori saafTiaqo kompaniis direq-tiviT”, _ ambobs Temis komentirebisaseqsperti.

SegaxsenebT, rom axali regulaciebi,romelic rig wamlebze receptis gareSegayidvis akrZalvas gulisxmobs,

mosaxleobaSi TviTmkurnalobisaRkveTis mizniT iqna SemoRebuli, TumcasuraTi, romelic regulaciebis Semdegreceptis Savi bazaris saxiT miiRomosaxleobam, cxadyofs, rom arsebiTadaraferi Secvlila, garda imisa, romamieridan momxmarebeli dainteresebulipreparatebiT TviTmkurnalobas ukveafTiaqebis kuTvnili eqimebis

saSualebiT miiRebs.

r. wamalaiZe

Dbj[jsb!obdjpobmUb!ljefw!fsUj

bjtcfshj"

“Sesaswavlia yvela is Sesyidva,romlebic ganxorcielda 2013-14wlebSi, radgan ar gamovricxav, romufro mZime viTarebasTan gvqondessaqme”

amas winaT samarTaldamcavebmadaakaves Tavdacvis saministros 5 maR-alCinosani. saubaria 4 milionze metilaris gaflangvaze. gamoZiebis infor-maciiT, 2013 wels saqarTvelosTavdacvis saministros maRalCinos-nebisTvis cnobili gaxda, rom kompania“silqneti” kerZo samewarmeomiznebisTvis saqarTvelos teritori-aze, garkveuli mimarTulebiT, optikur-boWkovani magistralis gayvanas geg-mavda. samarTaldamcvelTa informaci-iT, Tavdacvis saministros Tanamdebobispirebma: gizo Rlontma (saxelmwifoSesyidvebis departamentis yofilixelmZRvaneli), giorgi lobJaniZem (sax-elmwifo Sesyidvebis sammarTvelosufrosi), arCil alaviZem (Sesyidvebisdepartamentis mTavari specialisti),nugzar kaiSaurma (gaerTianebuliStabis jei-6 kavSirgabmulobisa dainformaciuli teqnologiebis depar-tamentis ufrosi) da daviT wifuriam(kavSirgabmulobisa da informaciulisistemebis departamentis sammarTvelosufrosi) ganizraxes “silqnetis”sasargeblod saxelmwifo biujetiskuTvnili Tanxebis gaflangva.

gamoZiebis cnobiT, 2013 wlis 26dekembers Tavdacvis saministrom“silqnetTan” gaaforma xelSekrulebaoptikur-boWkovani kabelis Sesyidvis,qseluri aparaturis SeZena-montaJisada momsaxurebis pirobiT. am

xelSekrulebiT Tavdacvis saministrom“silqnets” unda gadauxados, jamSi,

6.720.877.42 lari, saidanac winaswar

(avansad) ukve gadaricxulia 6.480.877.42

lari, sanacvlod ki Tavdacvis samin-

istrom “silqnetisgan” 2015 wlis 16

ianvars unda miiRos qoneba da momsax-

ureba, romlis realuri sabazro Rire-

buleba, eqspertizis daskvnis

Sesabamisad, mxolod 2.618 004.82 lars

Seadgens.“am qmedebiT Tavdacvis saministros

xelmZRvanelma pirebma samsaxurebrivi

mdgomareobis gamoyenebiT “silqnetis”sasargeblod gaflanges saxelmwifobiujetis kuTvnili 4.102.872.6 lari.grZeldeba muSaoba am danaSaulSi mon-

awile saqarTvelos Tavdacvis samin-istros sxva Tanamdebobis pirebisgamosavlenad”, _ naTqvamia prokura-

turis gancxadebaSi. dakavebulebs

sasamarTlom patimroba Seufarda.

eqspertTa ganmartebiT, kanonmdeblo-

biT, rodesac saubaria am moculobis

(6 milioni lari) saxelmwifo Sesyid-

vaze, pasuxismgebeli piri SeiZleba

iyos ministri, uflebamosilebis dele-

girebis SemTxvevaSi ki _ misi moadgile.

Tavdacvis ministris moadgile, romel-

ic saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs kurirebs,

aleqsandre batiaSvilia. mas proku-

ratura mowmis saxiT dahkiTxavs. eqsper-

tebis azriT, misi CvenebiT, gamoZieba

gaarkvevs, Tu ra informacias flobda

Tavad irakli alasania am saqmis

irgvliv da ra kavSiri aqvs Tavad ba-

tiaSvils kompania “silqnetTan”.

amasTan, organizacia “axalgazrdaadvokatebis” informaciiT, “silqnetis”

komerciuli direqtoris, baCo CinalaZis

deda, Tamar batiaSvili, irakli alasa-

nias moadgilis, aleqsandre bati-

aSvilis biZaSvilia.

aseve, Tavdacvis ministris #636

brZanebaSi, mkafiod aris gansazRvruli

saministros Sesyidvebis departamentis

ufleba-movaleobebi. me-4 muxlSi vk-

iTxulobT, rom Sesyidvebis departa-

menti “saqarTvelos Tavdacvis min-istris da kuratori ministris moadg-ilis gankargulebebis safuZvelze, ax-

orcielebs saministros, gaerTianebuliStabisa da saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuliZalebis saWiroebebisaTvis saqonlis,

momsaxurebisa da samuSaos Sesyidvas”. nika CitiZe, eqsperti: _ faqtia, rom

irakli alasania iyo saqmis kursSi, ma-

gram meore sakiTxia, dadasturdeba Tu

ara korufciuli faqti. es sabolood

sasamarTlos gadasawyvetia. Tu dadas-

turda, rom kanondarRvevas hqonda adg-

ili, bunebrivia, gaCndeba eWvebi irakli

alasaniaze.

Tu kezeraSvilis SemTxvevaSi dadga

ministris samarTlebrivi pasuxismge-

blobis sakiTxi, ratom ar unda moxdes

igive alasanias SemTxvevaSi?

cxadia, es gaaCens eWvs SerCeviTi

samarTlis Taobaze. faqtia, rom kez-

eraSvils edavebian TiTqmis analogiur

saqmeze (saqme aRZrulia 182-e muxliT.

es is muxlia, romlis safuZvelzec

brali aqvs wardgenili Tavdacvis

saministros Sesyidvebis departamentis

yofil ufross, aleqsandre ninuas.

amave muxliT 5 milioni evros

gaflangvis saqmeze brali waredgina

kezeraSvils. _ v. b.). gia xuxaSvili, eqsperti: _ nebismier

SemTxvevaSi, viRac dasasjeli iqneba.

Tu es danaSauli dadasturda, mini-

mum, politikur pasuxismgeblobas ver-

avin ascdeba Tavdacvis saministroSi.

saubaria iseT Tanxaze, rom, wesiT,

maRali rangis Cinovnikebi saqmis

kursSi unda yofiliyvnen.

CemTvis cota gaugebari iyo,

Tavdacvis saministros sazogadoebas-

Tan urTierTobis departamentis gancx-

adeba, Semdeg ministris moadgileebis

Tavdebobis sakiTxic. am uwyebis speci-

fikidan gamomdinare, samarTaldamcaveb-

Tan konfrontaciaSi Sesvla saxifaTo

TamaSia.

Tavdacvis saministro Zalovani seq-

toris nawilia da Tavidanve imis Tqma,

rom aq aranair danaSauls adgili ar

hqonia, arasworia. es namdvilad tovebs

ucnaur STabeWdilebas.

gia saluqvaZe, arasamTavrobo orga-nizacia “yvela Taoba saqarTve-losTvis”:

_ gamoZiebam sazogadoebas unda

auxsnas, sxva romeli maRalCinosnebi

iyvnen CarTulni am sqemaSi. rac Seexeba

Tavdacvis ministrs, gamoricxulia, rom

is informirebuli ar yofiliyo am

saqmis Sesaxeb. amas kategoriulad

gamovricxav. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi,

gamodis, rom saqme gvaqvs samsaxurebriv

gulgrilobasTan.

ministrma unda icodes, raSi ixarjeba

milionobiT lari misi uwyebis biu-

jetidan.

nebismier SemTxvevaSi, Tavdacvis min-

istri saqmis kursSi iqneboda am mocu-

lobis Sesyidvis detalebze, miT umetes,

saubaria grifiT “saidumlo” Sesyid-

vaze, razec xeli mxolod erTeul

pirebs miuwvdebaT. didi varaudiT,

Tavdacvis ministri pasuxismgebeliaam garigebaze. man pirdapir misca Tuara miTiTeba korufciul garigebaze,jerjerobiT, amas veravin ityvis, Tumca,minimum, samsaxurebriv gulgrilobazeunda daiwyos msjeloba. Sesaswavliayvela is Sesyidva, romlebic ganxor-cielda 2013-14 wlebSi, radgan argamovricxav, rom ufro mZime viTare-basTan gvqondes saqme.

arc is unda gamovricxoT, rom alasa-nias samarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobissakiTxi dadges da is daakavon kidec.

specialistTa azriT, SesaZloaprokuratura marTlac dainteresdesTavdacvis uwyebis sxva SesyidvebiTac.arsebuli informaciiT, 2013 wlis gan-mavlobaSi sul 1.010 kontraqti gafor-mda, romelTa saerTo Rirebulebam167.826.000 lari Seadgina.

irakli alasania, Tavdacvis yofiliministri: “me darwmunebuli var CemiTanamebrZolebis, Cemi TanamSromlebissrul udanaSaulobaSi, imitom, rom mevakvirdebodi Sesyidvebis process davici, rom yvelaferi kanonTan srulSesabamisobaSi keTdeboda, Tumca, radgankiTxvebi gauCnda viRacas, maT undagaeces pasuxi.

sruli WeSmaritebis dadgenisTvismTavaria, gamoZieba warimarTosgamWvirvaled da gaxsnilad. vinaidanCveni qveynis usafrTxoebas amiT zianimiadga, aucilebelia, aRniSnulTandakav- SirebiT umaRles politikurdoneze diskusiebi gaimarTos. bune-brivia, roca yvelaferi dasruldeba,Cven yvelafers Tavis saxels davar-qmevT da pasuxismgebloba ukve impirebis dadgeba, vinc SesaZloa Sec-domaSi Seiyvana sazogadoeba. CemTvismniSvnelovania, rom Cemma biWebma TavisamarTlebrivad daculad igrZnon.gamoZiebas win aravin da araferi arunda aRudges, sruli WeSmaritebaunda dadgindes.

aqvs Tu ara amas politikuri sar-Culi, mogvianebiT vilaparakebT.”

v. beriZe

P.S. 2014 wlis 4 noembers premier-

ministrma irakli RaribaSvilma alasa-

nia gaanTavisufla dakavebuli Tanamde-

bobidan. axla rCeba erTaderTi, viRac-

viRaceebisTvis dilemad qceuli Sek-

iTxva: daakaveben Tu ara irakli alasa-

nias? male movlenaTa sainetereso wye-

bis gamomziurebis mowmeni gavxdebiT,

radgan arsebobs imis seriozuli eWvi,

rom alasania da nacionalebi sax-

elmwifo gadatrialebas amzadebdnen!

irakli alasanias daakaveben?!


saqarTvelo safrTxeSia! Tumca, es

is safrTxe ar aris, romelzec mTeli

dRe propagandistebi _ gamyidveli

politikosebi, „eqspertebi“, teleJur-

nalistebi da e. w. en-je-o-Snikebi

televiziiT tvins gviburRaven.

saqarTvelos ruseTi ar emuqreba, xolo

afxazebsa da osebTan saerTo

SeiaraRebuli Zalebis Seqmna mxolod

erTze miuTiTebs _ rom ruseTi ar

apirebs afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis

mierTebas! ruseTs rom am teritoriebis

mierTeba surdes, vin SeuSlida xels

amaSi jer kidev 2008 wels?! ratom

daxarjavs ruseTi drosa da fuls

afxazebTan saerTo SeiaraRebuli Za-

lebis Seqmnaze, miT ufro, misi ekonomik-

isTvis arcTu saukeTeso dros

(dasavleTis sanqciebi, navTobze fasebis

vardna), Tuki mas Tavisi ukidegano

sivrceebisTvis miwis am ori naglejis

mierTeba Caufiqrebia? gana ruseTi 2008

wlidan isedac ar exmareba afxazebsa

da osebs Tavisi SeiaraRebuli ZalebiT,

gana ar awyobs maTTan erTobliv wvrT-

nebs, gana iq ar dganan rusuli samxedro

bazebi da mesazRvreebi _ soxumisa da

cxinvalis oficialuri TxovniT?

maS ratom ayvirda maincdamainc dRes

mTeli qarTuli politistebliSmenti

mosalodnel rusul aneqsiaze? marto

imitom, rom ruseTis federacia afx-

azeTsa da samxreT oseTTan samxedro

TanamSromlobisTvis axali iuridiuli

formis micemas apirebs SeTanxmebis

gaformebis saxiT?! saqarTvelos aSS-

Tan ukve didi xania xelmowerili aqvs

aseTi samxedro SeTanxmeba _ gamodis,

amerikam saqarTvelos aneqsia moaxdina?!

ra logikiT „kargavs saqarTvelo

sabolood Tavis teritoriebs“ dRes, da

ara 1993 da 2008 wlebSi, SevardnaZisa da

saakaSvilis wyalobiT?! ratom aReldnen

dRes TbilisSi afxazi eTnosis Senar-

Cunebaze ufro metad, vidre Tavad afx-

azebi? nuTu aSS qarTul eTnoss ukeT

daicavs, vidre ruseTi afxazurs?! da

ratom SeSfoTdnen vaSingtonSi saqarTve-

los teritoriuli mTlianobis gamo

ruseTis mier afxazeTisa da samxreT

oseTis aRiarebis Semdeg, xolo roca

saqarTvelo am teritoriul mTlianobas

kargavda, misi nomer pirveli strate-

giuli partniori mxolod pampersebiT

Semoifargla? saqarTvelos strategiuli

partniori aSS ki ara, ruseTi rom

yofiliyo, ruseTis federacia saqarTve-

los jarebiT da ara pampersebiT gamoe-

sarCleboda!

yvela am kiTxvas erTi pasuxi aqvs:

saqarTveloSi moqmedeben antisax-

elmwifoebrivi antiqarTuli Zalebi,

Semdegi saxiT:

_ eqsmmarTveli partia „nacionaluri

moZraoba“ misi lideri saakaSvilis

xelmZRvanelobiT (aralegalis, aSS-Si

uvizod myofis, romlis eqstradiciasac,

TeTr saxlTan daaxloebuli ucxouri

kompetenturi wyaroebidan Semowmebuli

informaciiT, interpoli 2014 wlis

bolomde moaxdens);

_ saqarTveloSi dRes de-faqto

mmarTveli „respublikuri partia“

(sadac 10 wevria, Tumca yvela isini

xelisuflebis saTaveSi imyofebian _

parlamentis Tavmjdomare usufaSvili,

misi parlamentari meuRle xidaSeli,

parlamentari Zmebi berZeniSvilebi, afx-

azeTsa da samxreT oseTTan Serigebis

ministri zaqareiSvili, uSiSroebis sab-

Wos mdivani imerliSvili da misi moad-

gile xaindrava);

_ saqarTvelos prezidenti margve-

laSvili (romelic SeTqmulebaSi imy-

ofeba „nacionalur moZraobasTan“

Tavisi megobrebis _ eqsmmarTveli par-

tiis mTavari ideologis, uSiSroebis

sabWos eqsmdivan bokeriasa da „nac-

moZraobis“ erT-erTi mTavari lideris,

parlamentis eqsspikeri maWavarianis

RviZli Zmis, meSveobiT);

_ Tavdacvis (ukve _ yofili) min-

istri alasania da misi meuRlis Rvi-

Zli da _ sagareo saqmeTa (ukve _

yofili) ministri maia fanjikiZe, aseve

misi Tanapartieli megobari _ evroat-

lantikuri integraciis (ukve _ yofili)

ministri petriaSvili, da mezobeli _

ivaniSvilis eqsmrCeveli, Crdilovani

kombinatori xuxaSvili;

_ sorosis fondis, amerikuli in-

stitutebi NDI da IRI-s mier dafinanse-

buli e.w. arasamTavrobo organiza-

ciebis uzarmazari armia;

_ e.w. eqspertebi _ politikuri pro-

qtologebi da maTi gampiarebeli media

yvela msxvili qarTuli telekompaniis

saxiT, aseve, internetgamocemebis ume-

tesoba da zogierTi Jurnal-gazeTi.

SeZaxilebiT _ ruseTi mteri, agre-

sori da okupantia! _ zemoCamoTvlili

antisaxelmwifoebrivi Zalebi miar-

benineben viwro koridorSi, rogorc

xars koridaze, premier RaribaSvils

arenaze, sadac mas, adre Tu gvian „gang-

miravs toreadori“ _ alasania an aSS-

is sxva xeldasxmuli!

gavixsenoT, mkiTxvelo, 2012 wlis 18

oqtombers, mas Semdeg, rac saqarTvelos

xelisuflebis saTaveSi axali Zala _

koalicia „qarTuli ocneba“ movida,

saqinformis mTavarma redaqtorma moax-

dina saubris modelireba, romelic,

rogorc me vimedovnebdi, unda

Semdgariyo ruseTis federaciis prezi-

dent vladimer putinsa da saqarTve-

los imJamindel premier-ministr biZina

ivaniSvils Soris. amis Semdeg gavida

2 weli, Tumca, 20 welic rom gavides,

Cveni ori qveynis liderebis saubari

bevrad gansxvavebuli ar iqneba im, Cem

mier modelirebuli, versiisgan

(gacilebiT namdvili da realobasTan

miaxloebuli, vidre 2010 wels telekom-

pania „imedis“ mier modelirebuli

„qronika“ „saqarTveloSi „ruseTis meo-

red mosvlis“ Sesaxeb).

axlaxan ki, 2014 wlis 27 oqtombers,

saqinformma SesTavaza mkiTxvelebs

ara modelirebuli, aramed realuri

eqskluzivi _ ruseTis federaciis

sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile

grigori karasini amomwuravad saubrobs

saqarTvelosTan mimarTebaSi ofi-

cialuri moskovis politikis yvela

aspeqtze _ warsulze, awmyosa da mo-

mavalze, romelSic ruseTi winaaRmdegi

araa, rom saqarTvelo afxazeTsa da

samxreT oseTTan erTian federaciul

saxelmwifoSi cxovrobdes, risTvisac,

pirvel rigSi, saWiroa Tbilisis di-

alogi soxumsa da cxinvalTan, da ara

pretenziebi moskovTan.

TiTqosda, yvelaferi bevrjer

mkafiod naTqvami da gameorebulia...

maS, ratom laparakoben dRes daJinebiT

saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi, nacional-

opoziciasTan erTad unisonSi, „Zmeb

afxazebsa da osebze, romlebsac ar

esmiT Tavisi bednierebis da unda gons

moegon _ icxovron ekonomikurad ay-

vavebul evropul saqarTveloSi natos

bazebis mfarvelobis qveS da ar Seer-

wyan WaobSi CamTrev ruseTis imperias

rusuli bazebis dacvis qveS?!“ ki,

saqarTvelos uwindel da amJamindel

xelisuflebaSic bevri sulelia, rom-

lebsac ar gaaCniaT inteleqti da sax-

elmwifoebrivi azrovneba, magram

srulebiT gamoricxulia, rom iseTi

figurebi, rogoricaa, vTqvaT, Rarib-

aSvili anda bokeriaa, ar kiTxulobdnen

zemodasaxelebul da yvela msgavs pub-

likacias, romlebiTac savsea interneti.

maSasadame, maT yvelaferi kargad ician,

yvelaferi esmiT, magram sapirispiros

laparakoben. ese igi, viRacas ase sWird-

eba...

gasagebia, rom es piari sWirdeba

bokerias, raTa „nacionalebi“ xelisu-

flebaSi daabrunos, magram raSi sWird-

eba is RaribaSvils? xelisuflebis

saTaveSi dasarCenad? SeZlebs ki aSS-s

saqarTvelos mTavrobis damxobas, Tu

is uceb daiwyebs proqarTuli da ara

proamerikuli sagareo politikis

gatarebas? SeZlebs, Tuki saqarTvelos

xelisufleba ar daeyrdnoba qarTvel

xalxs!

ai ris eSinia RaribaSvils da

cdilobs balansi SeinarCunos, raTa

etapobrivad moaSoros xelisuflebas

zemoCamoTvlili mowinaaRmdegeni! ai

ratom iyo, rom 28 oqtombers, uSiSroe-

bis sabWos sxdomaze is margvelaSvil-

Tan mivida! premieri RaribaSvili ver

gauZlebs oms erTdroulad yvela

frontze, prezident margvelaSvilTan

droebiT dazaveba ki mas wertilovani

ieriSis saSualebas aZlevs margve-

laSvilze gacilebiT saSiS mowinaaR-

mdegeze _ Tavdacvis ministr alasani-

aze, romelsac didi xania Rrma saidum-

lo kavSiri aqvs ce-re-u-sa da pen-

tagonTan!

saidumlo Sexvedrebi „nacionalebis“

liderebTan ucxoeTSi, sayvarlebTan

erTad voiaJebi evropaSi sabiujeto

xarjebiT; Cajibuli fulebi, romlebic

mas biZina ivaniSvilma 2012 wels

saparlamento arCevnebisTvis misca, ris

Sedegadac “qarTulma ocnebam“ samegre-

lo waago; misdami daqvemdebarebuli

Tavdacvis saministro, sadac dRemde

muSaoben polkovnik TeTraZis

mkvlelebi; da ai bolo kviris mTavari

skandali: Tavdacvis saministros 5

dakavebuli maRalCinosani, romelTa

wyalobiTac qarTuli armia

daaxloebiT 5 milioniT gaRaribda...

alasanias winaaRmdeg mTeli am kom-

promatis amoqmedebis dro dadga, ai

ratom daZlia Tavi samagaliTo meojaxe

RaribaSvilma samSabaTs _ Tavdacvis

saministros maRalCinosnebis dakavebis

dRes _ mivida margvelaSvilTan

avlabris rezidenciaSi, romlis minis

gumbaTsac kargad axsovs saakaSvilis

orgiebi, Semdeg ki moxsna alasania...

axaldaqorwinebuli mTavarsardali

margvelaSvili ki xalxis fuliT

mTels msoflioSi imogzaurebs

meuRlesTan erTad da ganmartoebiT

windebsac moqsovs uzarmazar gabr-

dRvialebul sasaxleSi, sanam saqarTve-

los politikuri lideri RaribaSvili

da sazogadoebrivi lideri ivaniSvili

ar gamoiCenen politikur nebas _ ar

daeyrdnobian patriotebs _ umwikvlo

biografiis mqone wesier profesion-

alebs, romelbsac icnoben da pativs

scemen saqarTveloSi da ruseTSi, sox-

umsa da cxinvalSi, da qarTvel xalxTan

erTad ar gawmends saqarTvelos

xelisuflebas, sazogadoebriv seqtorsa

da medias antisaxelmwifoebrivi ele-

mentebisgan!

arno xidirbegiSvili,saqinformis mTavari redaqtori

arno xidirbegiSvili: „saqarTvelo safrTxeSia!“

Wkuis saswavlebeli magaliTi

adamianebisaTvis

albaneTis CrdiloeTiT patara qalaqpatokSi daiWires mgeli da daamwyvdiesgaliaSi. gareuli cxoveli mSieri romar yofiliyo, xalxma gadawyvita sakvebadmoxuci viri mieyvanaT, romelic Zaliandid xans emsaxureboda Tavis patrons,Tumca rodesac daberda da aRar SeeZlotvirTis zidva, patronisTvis is “uvargisnivTad” iqca.

rodesac es moxuci cxoveli Seiyvanesmglis galiaSi, virma mxecs TvalebSi Sexe-da, mgelic Tvals ar aSorebda mas. veravisSeuZlia Tqvas ra uxilavi kavSiri moxdamaT Soris, Tumca faqtia, rom gareulmacxovelma viri daindo da ar SeWama.

ramdenime saaTis Semdeg, rodesac galiaSiSeixedes, viri da mgeli, erTmaneTissiaxloves mSvidad idgnen.

CvenTvis es warmoudgeneli ram aris. ve-rasodes gavigebT ra moxda am sruliadgansvavebul cxovelebs Soris.

faqtia, rom mSierma mgelma daindo viri,magram adamianma romelsac mTeli sic-ocxle emsaxureboda es sacodavi cxoveli,gareul cxovels “miarTva” sadilad.

dedamiwaze arcerT cxovels ar SeuZliaiseTi sisastikis da daundoblobis Cadena,rasac adamianebis umravlesoba sCadis.aseve camtverdeba Zveleburi Tqma: “adamianiadamianisaTvis mgelia”, radgan amSemTxvvevaSi adamianma gaakeTa is, rac argaakeTa mgelma.

adamianebma mgels, cocxali viri miuyvanes“sadilad”, Tumca...


polemika friad aqtualur sakiTxebzemexuTe: sayuradRebo da mniSvnelo-

vania kidev erTi momenti: am xarisxismsgavseba saxelebis _ haeris da sakvebisgamtar organos saxel xaxa-si xerx,xerxva, xexva-sTan msgavseba, xolo, pliusamas, xmis aparatis da haeris gamtarorganos saxel xorx-is sruli iden-turoba megr. xorx-i „xerxi“-sTan maTiwarmoqmnis meqanizmTa igiveobazemetyvelebs. es siaxle ki naTels fenssakiTxs prinvandelobaze yia, yrontisy-sa da xaxa, xorx-is x-s Soris,pirvelTa samogebod. rogorc ukve vic-iT, xmabaZviTi saxeldeba, ZiraiTadad,metyvelebis mesame periodSi xdeba, wda y bgeris bazaze.

enaTmecnieri _ ga-g-eba, gon-eba, mo-gon-eba, azr-i, mo-azr-eba, azr-ovneba daa. S. nuTu ar arian „sufTa“ abst. t-ebi? ras unda daukavSiroT isini?radagan mcnebebi arian da ara obieqtisaRmniSvnelni Tu Tavdapirveli sagnisan movlenisagan gamoyofili Tvisebebismqone idealizebuli obieqtebis gamomx-atveli sityvebi.

avtori _ azri, azrovneba Zv. qarT.ars sityvasTanaa kavSirSi: rac ars >ars-i > arz-i > formacvlilebebi daabstraqciebi sruliad bunebrivia.igivea ga-goneba dan > gon-eba.

Tavad gon-eba, mo-gon-eba, gon-ierida a. S. specifiuri xmauris _ gugunisgamomxatvel g bgeridan arian. amasamtkicebs megr. specifiuri xmaurisgamomxatveli s bgera, romlidanacmiRebulia s2m2-ni „xma, zvavi’’da > s2m2-ni „azri’’(ix.gv. 85 ). amgvar t-ebsmravals davasaxelebT.

fsiqologi _ marTlac, roca vk-iTxulobT, gaigone? vgulisxmobT aramarto yuriT gagonils, aramed azriTSemecnebuls, gagebulsac. amgvari azro-qrivi transformaciebi SeiZleba asewarmovadginoT:

specifiuri g... g...xmianobebiT mo-cemuli xmauri _ gu-gu-ni > ga-gon-eba> gon-eba;

specifiuri xmauri _ yur-yur-i >yur-i „smenis organo’’; yur-i > yru//megr.„yun-ga; megr. yun-ga > d-yun-ga > t-un-ga„suleli’’; yur-i > megr. yur-u „uvi-ci’’;

s...s... xmianobebiT mocemuli, spec.xmauri > megr.s2m2ni„xma’’ > s2m2ni >„sme-na’’ > s2m2ni>„azri’’.

am saxelqmnadobaTa erTnairiprincipebidan amomdinare, im donisurTierTdamowmebebi arian, aRwerilprocesebs damtkiecebul WeSmaritebadaqceven.

avtori _ rac Seexeba, Zv. qarT. arssityvas, unad iTqvas, Semdegi: megrulSist. zmna re „aris“ gvxdeba, agerTveqo-re da o-re formebiTac. qo megr.mtkicebiTi nawilakia da qo + re =zedmiwevniT, ki + aris m. e. o-re miRe-bulia, avtoris mier aRmoCenil xSirimovlenis _ Tavkidura, xmovnis winareTanxmovnis dakargvis: qo-re > o-re. amo-re-s Sesatyvisia > qarT a-rs sity-va.

enaTmecnieri _ es ewinaaRmdgeba a.Ciqobavas mier SemoTavazebul qarT. >megr. a > o mimarTulebas.

biologi, fiziologi _ «diletan-turi SeniSvna»: ar viciT ras ewinaaR-mdegeba, magram faqtia, amitomac jiutars.

istorikosi _ rogorc viciT,metyvelebis mesame periodSi warmoqm-nili, r vibranti moZraobas xmaurs da,aqedan gamomdinare, misgan warmoqmnilire zmna yofierebas — sulieri dausulo realobas aRniSnavda. qarT.rema cxenebis jogia. aSkaraa es saxeliam jogis Wenebis xmauris xmabaZvisSedegia. adekvaturoba ki r bgerisgameorebiTaa miRweuli. anu winaformagaxldaT — rera, romlis meore r msonoriT Seicvala: rera > rema. sax-eldebis igive principi amuSavda qarT.megr. ura „kvici an cxeni-“s SemTxvevaSi.megrulSi, ura-s aRniSnulmamniSvnelobam mogvca energiuli dauoke-belis gageba: ura koCi = energiulidaudegari kaci. yovelive, aqveTqmuli,uflebas gvaZlebs davuSvaT: megr. l2ma„omi“ r bgeris mier xmaurismniSvnelobis qonebis Sedegia da miRe-bulia r2ra winaformidan, r>l da r>mmonacvleobiT: r2ra > l2ma „omi.“

enaTmecnieri _ sonorebi, xSirad,monacvleoben: vibranti _ r, laterali

_ l da nazali _ n ki imdenad xSirad,rom maT monacvleobas bruns (rota-cias) uwodeben. amitom, romelime Taga-nis dasabamismierobis dadgena Seu-Zlebelia. ase rom, zemoTaRniSnul,r2ra > l2ma process akademiuri sa-fuZveli, namdvilad, ar gaaCnia.

avtori _ r bgeris Taobaze jerkidev platoni miuTiTebda: ...“eniskanonmdebeli am bgeris warmoTqmaSikargad xedavda enis mZlavr moZraobas-o.“ laibnicma ki brZana: r bgeramoZraobis gamomxatveliao da sworicaa,radgan amas mxars uWers indoevrop-ul-qarTveluri leqsika. Tqven ki, b-noenaTmecniero, naSromis damuSavebissurvilSi, Tqvenive bavSvuri egoizmianu „saymawvilo seni“ xels rom argiSlideT, „g. T-is“ 88 gv-ze waikiTx-avdiT: „...laT. rugio „vRmui rogorclomi“, ... irl. ruxt „Rmuili“... ampirveli mniSvnelobebidan, bunebrivia.viTardeba cxovelTa saxelebi, kerZodlomisa: somx. arivs „lomi“; Zv isl.raukn ”Sesabmeli cxoveli.” ... ix.gamyreliZe-ivanovi „indoevropuli daindoevropelebi“ gv 511.

naTelze unaTlesia: laT. rugio,irl. ruxt da Zv. isl. raukn-s dasomx. arivos TanxmovnebTan, mxolod-damxolod, r sonori anaTesavebT. xoloraki dasaxelebul, laTinur-irlandi-uridan Zv. isl. da somxuri viTardeba,faktia: yvela amaTSi r bgera dasabamis-mieria.(agreTve Sdr. Zv. sl. ruCo”xarxari”; Zv. rus. rJati ”xarxari,yvirili”; Zv. inglis. reok ’’gareulicxoveli.’’; Zv. germ. rohon „Rmuli“;lit. rukti ”Rmuili”; Zv sl rukati”Rmuili”\\ rus rik...saerTo i. e. fuZea— reuk ). es ucilo faqti _ lomisaRmniSvnel i. e. saxelebSi r bgerisdasabamismieroba, am ukanasknels, qarT.megr. sityvebis _ lom-i//jil-os Tanx-movanTa winaprad aRazevebs, radgan,plius amas: es Tanxmovnebi r bgeriseqvivalenti bgerebi arian. e. i.qarTvelur sityvaTa preformebidanganxorcielebuli _ ror > rom >lom; rir > jil utyuari damowmebaaTqvengan uaryofil r2ra > l2ma pro-cesisa.

qarTulSi mxolod imaSia gansxvave-ba, rom avtoris mier xSirad aRwerilmovlenasTan _ xmovniswina TanxmovnisdakargvasTan gvaqvs saqme: r2ri > 2ri> omi.

enaTmecnieri _ ramdenadac gamegeba,megr. l2 = ecema, vardeba (qva ecema anTofi vardeba). sawyisi am zmnisa iqnebalafa „srola“, romelsac omi, TavisimniSvnelobiT, ufro esadageba, vinemxmaurs. avtors ki, romelic rac Sei-Zleba ukan _ Sors warsulisken eqaCebaqarTvelur saxelebs, minda vuTxra: is-rebis srolas, maincadamainc, Zlierixmauri ar axlavs. ase rom mxed-velobaSia axlo warsulis srolebi.

istorikosi _ h-is jogi omobssaxeldaxelo iaraRebiT: qvebis sroli-Ta da joxebis lawa-luwiT, yviril-yi-JiniT da jogis xmauriani sirbiliT,rac qmnis pirveli omebis sazarelsaerTo xmaurs. es yvelaferi omissaxeldebisTvis etimologiuramosavladaa mraval enaSi, xolo maTSisrolasTan dakavSirebuli saxeldbaomisa, rogorc paraleli qarTvelur-Tan, CvenTvis ucnobia.

avtori _ qarTvelurSi da bevrsxva enaSic omTan dakavSirebuli sax-elebi _ omi, sikvdili, saomari kiJinida a. S. urTierTkavSirSia. magram, racumniSvnelovanesia, amosavali mniSvnelo-ba, bevr SemTxvevaSi, qarTvelurSia. mag:megr. Rora >// Rvara „yvirili“ da >Rura “sikvdili”, aSkaraa,urTierTkavSirSia. igivea qarT. yvir-ili da >sikv(d)il-i (yvir > kvil).Sdr kvla; Sdr. megr. yvil-ua < yvilua.(yvil < yvir)

megrRora >// Rura xmovniswina Tanx-movnis mokveciT, es rogorc zemoTr2ri > omis SemTxvevaSia, iZlevaRor-a > ora-T „sl. yvirils“ daRor-a > ura „sl. sabrZolo yiJinas;

megr. buZol-i „xmauri“> qarT.burZol-a >// brZol-a (burZ > brZ);

megr. yur-a>// hur-a „samgloviaroymuili adamianisa, mglis ymuili“ daaqedan, Tavkidura TanxmovnismocilebiT, da u–s labializaciiT,gamartivebiT (yur-a > Rora >// Rura

> ua > ) > qarT. megr va, qarT. vai,megr.\\ vavas da voi „sl. ymuil“-sgvaZlevs. aqedanaa sl. voi-na daingl. voo „omi.“

megr. Rora-as R bgeris winarea qarT.yvir-ilis y, xolo vi o xmovnis daSlisSedegia. yvir-ilis arsebobs mravaliforma mag: yriy-ini, yroy-ini. esukanaskneli, rogorc cxovelis, aseve,adamianis xrotinicaa. Ziri am sityvisa— yroy slavurSi gvaZlevs kanon-zomier Sesatyvis formas _ krik sityvissaxiT = Zaxili, „yvirili“. krik > krigki germanulSi oms aRniSnavs.

istorikosi _ rogorc vxedavT,aRweril magaliTebSi aramartofonetikuri da semantikuri, aramed, racumTavresia, Tanxvedrebia saxeldebisprincipebSi, Tanac sistemurad. Историк -- Как видим в описанных

примерах не только фонетические и се-мантичесие совпадения, но и совпаденияв принципах наименования, и притом си-стемные.

filosofosi _ amdeni faqtorebiTganpirobebuli Tanxvedrebi SeuZlebe-lia iyos SemTxveviTi: es sityavebiqarTveluri warmomavlobisani arian.

avtori _ megrulSi, enis vib-rirebiT, gabmulad warmoTqmuli r...r...bgerebi Zlieri xamauris aRmniSvnelia.mag: megr. ria, ria-ria, eria-moria; qarT.aur - zauri, zrial-zriali da megr.rrr erTidaigivea. udris Zlier xmaurs.amiTaa ganpirovnebuli am bgeris mon-awileoba mTagorian mdinarian saxel_ ru, mdinareTa xmauris aRmniSvnel _rak-rak da, SedarebiT, didi mdinarissaxelSi rio-ni, romlis zeda wels,Zvelad, berZnuli wyaroebiT ru erqva.rio-ni-s am nawilis saxeli ki, ze-moTqmuli ganpirobebulobis Tu sesxe-bis gamo, argentinaSi (riokolorado,rionegro); amerikaSi (riogrande, ri-obermexo); espaneTSi da sxva qveynebSicmdinaris aRmniSvneli saxelia.

istorikosi _ portugaliel zR-vaosnebs guanabaris ube zRvas mierTe-buli didi mdinare egonaT. amitomac,daarqves rio-de-Ja-neiro _ „mdinareianvrisa“.

avtori _ sxvaTaSoris, Ja-neirokolx-urisityvaa: JamegrulSi, moferebiT,dResac mzea. nera damcxrals, swors,mdores aRniSnavs: nerawyari =mdorewyali; top. zugdidisr-Si _ nara-zeni = nara//nera + zeni „vake“; mowode-ba: neras! = „mSvidad!“ amgvaradJa-neiro = „mcxralmzes,ianvars.“

enaTmecnieri _ sametyvelo bgeraTaraodenoba raRac aTeulia. enaTaricxvi ki 3000 aWarbebs. amitom, mosa-lodnelia, nebismieri damTxveva. xoloqarT. ianvari// megr ianari laTinurinasesxobaa, cis, mzis da a. S. RmerTissaxel ianus-idan ( Zv.w. me-7 s.).

filosofosi _ Zv. qarT. ianvar-sapnisi erqva. udaoa, kolxurSic iyoam Tvis sxva saxeldeba. raaalogikuri imaSi, rom, swored iberiisnaxevarkunZulze, Zv. w. a. me-7 s-isiqiTa periodSi migrirebul iberebis_ kolxebis sityvaa Ja-neiro, SemorCe-nili portugaliurSi. garda amisa, aqsaqme gvaqvs enebSi ara _ bgeraTa,aramed xdomilobasTan bgeraTklom-pleqsisa, romelic, damtkicebulad, arwarmoadgens bgeraTa ubralo jams,aramed funqciebis mqone bgeraTakavSiria. plius amas, TanxvedraamniSvnelobisa da saxeldebis moti-vaciisa. amdeni faqtorebiT ganpirobe-buli Tanxvedrebi ki SeuZlebeliaiyos SemTxveviTi.

avtori _ Jan-neiro-s principiTaasaxeldebuli:

da-morCil-i = megr. da < dRa\\dRe+ morCili«mcire» = „mcire dRe;

za-fx-ul-i = za//Zv. qarT. mza//mze +fx „siTbos aRmniSvneli Ziri(javax-iSvili); za-fx-ul-i = Tbil mzes.

amgvarad, es sami saxeli: Ja-neiro,za-fx-ul-i da da-morCil-i urTierTmadasturebelni arian.

enaTmecnieri _ gamogrCaT zamTari:za„mze’’+ Tari//< megr. Tir-i„Tovlianu civi.’’za-m-Tar-i _ „civi mze;’’megr.zo-Tonj-i == zo „mze’’ + Tonj-i >megr. Tinj-i„dinj-i’’ _ „dinj-i mze anumcxrali mze.’’ Tumca es faqtebidamTxvevebs mainc ver gamoricxavs.

biologi, fiziologi _ „ nebis-mieri’’mixvdeba: portug. Ja-neiro-s ian-

vari imitom rqmevia, rom es TvezamTrisaa. amitom mzec zamTrisaa anumcxralia. batonebo, es faqtia.

fsiqologi _ am sityvis kolxuro-ba, TavisTavad, faqtze meti mniSvnelo-bisaa: imazec miuTiTebs, rom kolxur-espanur-portugaliuri enobrivi mimar-Tebebi bolomde Seuswavlelia.

antropologi _ dasaxelebul eno-briv TanxvedrebSi gasakviri araferia,radgan pirineis, igive iberiis naxe-varkunZulze „...espanuri mosaxleobisCamoyalibebaSi gadamwyveti roliSeasrula iberTa tomebma, romlebmac...Seqmnes almeriis kultura’’...(ix. qsegv.230).

biologi _ baskebi ki, sisxlisgenetikuri analizebiT, damtkicebulad,kolxebi arian.

avtori _ «al-mer-ia erT-erT-i uZve-lesi qalaqia pirineis naxevarkun-Zulze.’’ am saxelSi, gansakuTrebiT,sayuradReboa kolx. mer Ziri, romelictoponimikaSi uxSiresia saqarTveloSicda mis sazRvrebs gareTac. mag. ma-drid-i dasaSvebia mar-did-i//mere-did-i „Wala didi“ yofiliyo (mar//mer). esori saxeli(al-mer-ia, ma-drid-i ) didmniSvnelovani paralelia Sumerulmar-a-di da qarTv. mere (zugdidisraioni), mere-Ti (gorois raioni), mer-ia(maxaraZis raioni)-Tan da a. S.

istorikosi _ rac Seexeba portu-galiis uZveles mosaxelobas _ luzi-tanielebs, maT TavianT saxelSimogvces utyuari cnoba imis Taobaze,Tu vin iyvnen: luzi-ta-nielebis luzi-ta > igive dRevandeli lazi-Ta anulazis teritoriaa: luzi >// lazi +megr. Ti.//Ta .= lazis teritorias,saxlkars.

biologi, fiziologi _ SeuZlebe-lia, am saxelis amgvarive axsna ukvear yofiliyo gakeTebuli, radgan saw-inaaRmdegos daSveba mecnieraTa mieramgvari TvalsaCino, „nebismiers romTvalSi moxvdeba“, iseTi faqtis uaryofaanu nihilizmi ufro iqneboda.

enaTmecnieri — xa... xa...xa... rogorcvxedavT, indoevropa gaakolxeT, magrames rogor unda momxdariyo maSin rocamecnierTa mier (javaxiSvili, janaSia,da a.S.) kolxeTis sazRvrebi dadge-nilia da igi, ZiriTadad, mxoloddasavleT saqarTvelos

istorikosi _ uZveles warsulSi,kolxeTi didi da Zlieri qveyana, xolokolxuris gavrcelebis areali ufrodidi rom iyo, amaze saqarTvelos ter-itoris gareT Sors ganfenili kolx-izmebi metyveleben.

avtori _ mag: top. azerbaijanSiming-eCa-ur-i samwiledi saxelia daming = megr. sv. mang „swori“; eCa =megr. oCe „didi, didi yana“; (megr. sim-Reris saxeli „oCeS xve do xvarieli»= «didi yanis xvavi da baraqa’’) ur-i =uxSiresi sadaurobis sufisi“. ming-eCa-ur-i = „vake did sayane adgils“;

mingeCauris aslia xelvaCauri: xeligive xor + vaCa igive oCe + ur-i =didi samosaxlo.

sum-ga-i-Ti, mkvlevarTa azriT, = sum„sami“ + ga„qedi“ + Ti „teritoria“ =sami qedis hidronimi a-la-zan-i megru-lia, radgan a-la-zon-i megrulSi qorfamcenareul adgils aRniSnavs (ix. gv.); teritoria. an sum, SeiZleba iyossan//zan Ziris eqvivalenti, mniSvnelobiTWanis//zanis qedis formis teritoria;san-ga-Cala = san //zan + ga „qedi“ +Cala „Wala“ = sanebis qedis piraWalas (Sdr.nebTi-Cala);

baqo, azerbaijanulad aris baki. esukanaskneli, qarT. meg. „cxvris sadgo-mia“. sainteresoa, rom qarT. bilik-i,saxecvlili, megr. bakil-ia, rac, „datkep-nils“ aRniSnavs (biliki datkepnilimiwaa). swored am megr. baki-lis „datkep-nilis“ baki gaxlavT baqo (galis r-Siaris s. na-bak-i). rogorca Cans, azer-baijanelebs (yofil kolxebs) Zveladbaqos sanaxebSi cxvris sadgomi bakiqondaT, romelic, ra Tqma unda, baki-li„datkepnili iqneboda.

Tavad azerbaijanis, rogorc qveynisZveli saxeli _ albaneTi-c kolx-uria.

enaTmecnieri _ kavkasiisa da balka-neTis, albaneTis alb//alp nawilimTianeTis aRmniSvnel i.e. Ziridanaaamosuli...

edemi izoria

12 11-18 noemberi 2014

sportuli kuTxe mihyavs Jurnalist giorgi jalaRanias

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domenti gagniZis mier Seqmnili preparati arCensavTvisebian simsivnur daavadebebs, kuW-nawlavis gauvalobas,kolits, fistulas, prostatits, buasils, nervis anTebas,nevrozs, fsiqikurad daavadebulebs, hkurnavs gafantulisklerozs da Sidss, Svelis cerebralur damblas, yurebidanCirqdenas, botulizms, tuberkulozs, cerozs I da IIstadiebSi, c-hepatits, naRvlis buStis daavadebebs, anTebiTprocesebs, saxsrebis daavadebebs, amyarebs imunitets, dasxva mraval daavadebas.mkurnalis koordinatebia: Telavi, sofeli Salauri,

gagniZe biWiko (domenti). tel: 893-22-66-51

Tbilisi, awyuris quCa #70 (metro “isanTan”), yoveldRe _SabaT-kviris garda, 10-dan 16 saaTamde.

inJinrebis ojaxi. qmari colseubneba:

_ dedamiwis garSemo ramdenimefenad spilenZis mavTuls Tu Se-movaxvevT, cvladi denis generatorigamova.

_ dResac daTveri, ara? cvladiki ara, mudmivi denis!

* * *kaxeTSi qelexia. mitom xaSlamis

jer erTi naWeri gadmoiRo, mere _meore, mere _ mesame. Saqrom veRarmoiTmina:

_ geyofa, jo! TefSze Zvlebisdasayreli adgili mainc datove!

* * *avadmyofi saoperaciod gaamzades,

qirurgma skalpeli moimarjva._ ar gaWra, eqimo, ar daiwyo op-

eracia! _ Semorbis asistenti. _avadmyofs operaciisaTvis seri-ozuli ukuCveneba aRmoaCnda.

_ ra ukuCveneba?_ mTeli Rame abodebda, kapiki

fuli ara maqvso.

saqarTveloSi ragbi erT-erTi yve-laze warmatebuli sportis saxeobaa.Tumca aqamde is didi brZoliT, wvalebi-Ta da sisxlsavse cxovrebiT movida.mis saTaveebTan bevri Rirseuli mor-agbe, fuqcioneri Tu qomagi idga, rom-lebmac ovaluri burTiT TamaSsbolomde uerTgules, lelo bolomdegaitanes.

qarTuli ragbis pioneri, romelTanacuSualodaa dakavSirebuli sportis amsaxeobis Cvens qveyanaSi ganviTareba,givi mrelaSvilia, romelsac axlaxan77 weliwadi Seusrulda.

_ 77 weli saiubileod ar iTvleba,magram xumrobiT vityvi, ori Svidianiufro mimzidvelad moCans, vidre 80. amqveynad darCenili megobrebi veubnebiTxolme erTmaneTs daTqmul momavalSexvedrasTan dakavSirebiT: “Tu dam-agviandes, didi xani ar damelodoT”.

_ sainteresoa, rogor moxvdiT rag-biSi?

_ gasuli saukunis 50-iani wlebisbolos vswavlobdi moskovis sainJin-ro-ekonomikur institutSi (amJamad –marTvis institutSi). vTamaSobdi in-stitutis kalaTburTis gundSi. erTiwarumatebeli matCis Semdeg, Cems mego-bar gogonasTan, romelic TamaSs eswre-boda, gamovTqvi ukmayofileba mwvrT-neliT da vuTxari, rom mindoda Tavidamenebebina kalaTburTisTvis.

moulodnelad man miTxra, rom icisanalogiuri SemTxveva, rodesac mismaerTma megobarma mwvrTnelis gamo Tavidaaneba hokeis, wavida ragbiSi, romelzecaxlac Wkuidan iSleba. me vTxove gaegoim axalgazrdis koordinatebi. is aR-moCnda imdroindeli ragbis momavalivarskvlavi sergei selixovkini,davukavSirdi. sergeim mimiwvia savar-jiSod lefortis parkSi mdebarearmielTa stadionze. iq gavicani ragbispionerebi, maTi Tavkaci da sabWoTaragbis “mamad” aRiarebul anatolisorokini. es moxda 1959 wlis ivnisSi.

imave wlis oqtomberSi Catardaturniri, romelmac dasabami misca rag-bis ganviTarebas sabWoTa kavSirSi.dekemberSi ki moskovSi Seiqmna ragbispirveli oficialuri organo, ragbis

seqciis (federaciis) orgbiuro, romlisSemadgenlobaSi mec amirCies. amTariRebTan dakavSirebiT moskovSigamoica bukleti, saidanac amoRebuliramdenime masala “lelom” gamoaqveynakidec.

_ ras ityodiT ragbiSi gatarebulwlebze, ra mogcaT man?

_ bevri ram maqvs mosayoli, magramsagazeTo formatSi verafriT verCavetevi. Tu damcalda, minda mogonebebidavwero. mokled ki getyviT, rom esiyo gza jojoxeTidan samoTxisaken.roca ragbisTan “daviWire kavSiri”,vfiqrobdi, rom es yvelaferi droebiTigataceba iyo da meti araferi.

magram gamovida ise, rom 1959 wlisgazafxulidan, rodesac ragbis pirvelvarjiSze mivedi, TiTqmis oci wlisganmavlobaSi, Cemi ZiriTadi samuSaosparalelurad, ragbiSi vasrulebdi sx-vadasxva erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebul“samuSaos”: jer moskovSi, rogorc ssrk-s ragbis federaciis prezidiumis wevrivmonawileobdi moskovsa da ssrk-issxvadasxva qalaqSi ragbis danergvisRonisZiebebSi (seminarebi, saCvenebeliTamaSebi, Sejibrebebi), TbilisSi ki, _erTdroulad Cem mier Camoyalibebulfederacias vTavmjdomareobdi, TanvmwvrTnelobdi, xan vmsajobdi, xan fed-eraciis sxva wevrebTan erTad, formebisan burTebis Sesakerad davrbodi, xansavarjiSo an saSejibro stadionebismosapoveblad, xan sareklamo afiSebisSesakveTad, xan radioSi, xan axalg-amomcxvar televiziaSi, Rameebs vaTeneb-di, werilebs vamzadebdi da diliTvugzavnidi sxvadasxva birJaze gacno-bil “damrtymelebs” an abanoSi gacno-bil tanaRnagovan biWebs da ase Semdeg.

jojoxeTuri Sroma iyo, magram amgadmosaxedidan rom vuyureb, amad Rir-da.

_ aRniSneT, jojoxeTuri oci weligaviareo. ra iyo imaze advili,amdgariyaviT da migetovebinaT ragbi?

_ mec mikvirs. erT mwerals aqvsnovela, cinikurTan miaxloebulianalogiur Temaze, anu imaze, rom adami-ans aqvs aRtacebis periodi, romlisdrosac is raRacas qmnis, magram am pe-

riodis gasvlis Semdeg, misTvisacgaugebaria, ra zeZala amoZravebda mas,TiTqos es qmnileba sulac man ki ara,sxvam Seqmna.

Cvenc, ragbis veteranebic, ase varT.marTlac saidan movida is moulodnelisurvili da energia, romelmac gvaiZula,Cveni axalgazrduli asakisaTvisSesaferi myudro, uxifaTo da gakval-uli gzis, anu karieris magivrad Tav-dayira gadavSvebuliyaviT.

_ ragbis moyvarulebs da ara mx-olod maT Soris mudmivad midis ka-maTi, rodis da vin Semoitana ragbisaqarTveloSi?

_ ragbis burTi gasuli saukunisdamdegs gamoCnda saqarTveloSi da essxvadasxva zepiri wyaroebiT dastur-deba. Tumca misi gamoCena dakavSirebu-lia ara qarTvelebTan, aramed foTsada WiaTuraSi saqarTveloSi Camosulinglisel mezRvaurebTan da inJinreb-Tan.

wina Taobebisgan gagvigia, rom iyoragbis gundis Seqmnis amao mcdelobebisxvadasxva periodSi, magram, raime se-riozuli versia, 1947 wlamde, ar arse-bobs. me yovelTvis viyavi am TariRis,rogorc ragbis saqarTveloSi dabade-bis wlis, momxre. Catarda oficialuriturniri, _ sxva ra damamtkicebelisabuTia saWiro?

CemTvis gaugebari iyo ragbis mesveur-Ta gadawyvetileba, rodesac amosavalwertilad aiRes 1959 weli, riTac qar-Tuli ragbis, isedac mwir istorias,sruliad usamarTlod CamoaWres 12weliwadi.

_ Cven xom 2009 wels didi zar-zeimiT aRvniSneT 50 wlisTavi, radganaTvlis wertilad aviReT 1959 weli.gamodis, rom tyuilad vizeimeT?

_ ase gamodis! ar undodaT imisaRiareba rom ragbi “daiwyo”saqarTveloSi ara 1947 wels sabWoelirusis iniciativiT, aramed frangi imi-grantis wyalobiT. Tumc, mainc, ver as-cdnen ruseTs: “komsomolkaSi” gamo-qveynebuli statia aq gamxdara ragbisgundis Seqmnis motivacia.

Jaki marTlac dagvikavSirdamoskovSi, magram jer erTi, es iyo 1960

da ara 1959 wels, da meorec, marTalia,man Seqmna gundebi, magram mas Semdeg,rac savarjiSod ipodromis garda, sxvaveraferi ver moipova, Tanac gundisSejibrebaze gagzavnis ki ara, moskovisseminarze gasamgzavrebeli Tanxac armisces, _ miatova ragbi. iseve, rogorcadre mouvida bevr sxvas.

Cemi Camosvlisas TbilisSi 1961 wlisSemodgomaze, ragbis monometri uCveneb-da nuls, xolo aspekianis saragbo bi-ografia mTlianad dakavSirebulia imRonisZiebebTan, romelic Semdgom dasaxaTbilisSi oficialurad dafuZnebulmaragbis federaciis (adre seqciasuwodebdnen) orgbiurom. saxelmwifommaSin cno ragbi da is Seitanessportul RonisZiebaTa kalendarSi,rac TavisTavad, dafinansebasac niS-navda.

sxva wvrilman-msxvilmanebs ar Sevexe-bi; aRvniSnav mxolod, rom me didistatia davwere gazeT “leloSi” sa-TauriT: “gakvirvebuli var, ratom aw-eren Cems namoRvawars aspekians”. axlacmikvirs, ras emsaxureba es yvelaferi.ratom aweren am kacs imas, rac mas argaukeTebia da TviTonac amaze preten-zia ara hqonia.

_ xom ver gaixsenebdiT, erTi mxrivromelma Sejibrebam moganiWaT yvelazedidi sixaruli da meore mxriv _sinanuli?

_ sixaruli momaniWa yvela Seji-brebam, romelsac winamdebared sityva“pirveli” uZRoda: pirveli gasvla re-spublikis farglebs gareT, saqarTve-los pirveli Cempionobis mopoveba,pirveli TamaSi sazRvargareT davarSavaSi gamarjveba, “dinamos” pirvelsakavSiro CempionatSi oqros medlebismopoveba, pirveli universiadis vice-Cempionoba. sixarulisa da sinanulisgrZnoba erTdroulad mqonda sabWoTakavSiris pirveli Cempionatis damTavre-bis Semdeg. sixarulis, rom meore adg-ilze gavediT, da sinanulis, radgangadamwyveti TamaSis mogebis Sansi xel-idan gavuSviT. wavageT 3:5. Tanac iraklikiziriam, romelic SesaniSnav formaSiiyo, travmis gamo ver iTamaSa. eh, Cempi-onobas mainc sxva gemo aqvs.

“qarTuli ragbis isedac mwir istorias usamarTlod CamoaWres 12 weliwadi”

msaxiobi guram fircxalava gardaicvala74 wlis asakSi cnobili qarTveli msaxiobi guram fircxalava gardaicvala.

guram fircxalava 1940 wlis 18 Tebervals foTSi daibada. 1966 wels daamTavraTbilisis SoTa rusTavelis saxelobis Teatraluri instituti. 1966 wlidanmuSaobda goris g. erisTavis saxelobis dramatul TeatrSi, Semdeg kiTbilisis kote marjaniSvilis saxelobis TeatrSi. 1972 wlidan guramfircxalava kinostudia “qarTuli filmis” msaxiobi iyo da kinofilmebsa daspeqtaklebSi bevri roli aqvs Sesrulebuli.

Documents

`!blblj!Tboj[f ra safrTxeebis Sesaxeb afrTxilebda ...dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/117995/1/Ilori_2014_N292.pdf · samxreT oseTi saWiro ar aris. am itom Zalian mawuxebs, Tu rogor