Chng 3 - 4
Lp chng trnh gia cng trn my tin v phay CNC
TS. H Th Thu Nga
Chng 2
LP CHNG TRNH GIA CNG TRN MY TIN CNC (h Fanuc)
Cc trc trn my tin- 2 trc (XZ), 3 trc (XZC)
- 4 trc : 2 bn dao c th lm vic ring r hoc ng thi - my t hp tin
phay: c th c n 5 trc
Bn dao
Mm cp
Code G thng dng:
G00: chy dao nhanh G01: ni suy tuyn tnh vi long chy dao G02,
G03: ni suy vng trn G40, G41, G42: hy b, b bn knh dao G20, G21: la
chn h n v G50, G96, G97: tc ct max, tc ct khng i (m/min, vng/min)
G98, G99: tc chy dao mm/min, mm/vng (G94, G95 khi phay) G90 - G94:
chu trnh tin trn (chy dao dc, hoc hng knh) G28: tr v im tham chiu
G53: xc nh im 0 ca my G50 : xc nh im 0 ca chi tit G52 : t HT cc b
G54 G59: thay i gc ta chi tit G71 - G76: cc chu trnh tin G32/G92:
tin ren G81 - G89: chu trinh gia cng l; G80: hy b chu trnh
Lnh cc chc nng ph
M00 stop chng trnh M01 stop trc chnh (ty chn) M03 trc chnh quay
theo chiu kim ng h M04 trc chnh quay ngc chiu kim ng h M05 stop trc
chnh M06 thay dao M08 ti dung dich trn ngui M09 ngng ti dung dch
trn ngui M30 stop chng trnh, tr v u chng trnh M41 khong s vng quay
trc chnh thp M42 khong s vng quay trc chnh cao M98, M99: gi v kt
thc chng trnh con
im gc ca my, im chun trn my tin
t h ta my(lp chng trnh trong HT my)(G90) G53 X_Z_; (ta tuyt i)
dao chuyn ng nhanh n v tr XYZ (one-shot)
V tr dao
OM
Lm trng gc ta chi tit v gc ta chng trnh: G50 a) im OP (im 0) c t
ti mt u mm cp b) im 0 c t mt cui
HT chng trnh
a)
HT chi tit
b)
HT chi tit ti mt u cui
HT chng trnh
t HT chi tit : G50 X_Z_; thc cht l xc nh v tr ca dao so vi im 0
chi tit- thay i HT chi tit : G54 G59
G50 DXi DZi;
V d xc nh im 0 chi titG50X128.7Z375.1; G50X1200.0Z700.0;
im bt u (im chun)
G54 X160 Z200; (t HT chi tit) G50 X100 Z100; (to HT chi tit 1
X-Z bi vecto A)
G54: HT chi tit Dao
HT chi tit mi HT chi tit gc
A: gi tr offset c to bi lnh G50 X600.0 Z1200.0 B: gi tr offset
im 0 chi tit (G54) C: gi tr offset im 0 chi tit (G55)
G54
G55
t h ta cc b : G52 IP_
HT my (G53)
HT cc b (G52) HT chi tit (G54-G59)
Tr v im tham chiu (im chun) G28
Lp chng trnh trong HT tuyt i tng i(Ch : trong 1 dng lnh c th dng
c ta tng i v tuyt i) Chuyn ng t A B G90X30.0Z70.0; (ta tuyt i)
G91U30.0W40.0 (ta tng i, dng k hiu U_W_)
Lp trnh theo ng knh hoc bn knh
A(30.0, 80.0), B(40.0, 60.0) G62, G63 Hoc G07 (ty thuc vo nh ch
to my)
A(15.0, 80.0), B(20.0, 60.0)
Cc chuyn ng ni suy
Khi tin vt mp C, v trn bn knh R (ty chn)Chy dao t ZX : A : im bt
u G01 Z(w) BC (i) ; B : im cui G01 Z(w) BC (r) ; Chy dao t X Z :
G01 X(u) BC (k); G01 X(u) BC (r);
(N2 X100 C3.0)
V d: ni suy vng trn khi tin
Hiu chnh v b dao (Tool offset)-B dao c dng hiu chnh (b) s sai
khc gia dao ang s dng v dao chun (c xc lp trong chng trnh) - 2 loi:
b dao do sai s hnh hc + b dao do mn daoDao chun
Dao s dng Offset theo trc X (OFX) Offset theo trc Z (OFZ)
- B mn dao v b sai s hnh hc l ty chn
- Gi tr tng cng ca 2 loi trn c xc lp nh gi tr b mn daoGc chng
trnh Dao chun Gc chng trnh
B hnh hc theo X
Tng lng b theo X Dao s dng B hnh hc theo Z Tng lng b theo Z
B mn theo X
B mn theo Z
a)Chnh lch b hnh hc so vi b mn dao
b)Khng c s chnh lch gia b hnh hc v mn dao
Lnh b dao: - Txxxx hoc TxxDxx- lnh b dao hy b khi lnh T vi s ca
b b dao l 0 hoc 00 N1 X50.0 Z100.0 T0202 ; (s ca b b dao 02) N2
X200.0 ; N3 X100.0 Z250.0 T0200 ; (s b dao 00 hy vecto offset)
(Bng tay: n nt reset trn MDI unit)
Hnh trnh dao sau khi b
Vecto offset Qu o lp trnh
C 4 b hiu chnh dao tin: - theo chiu di (Lx, Lz) - theo bn knh
dao - mi mn dao - hiu chnh hng dao Lx, Lz : lng b theo trc X v Z
(OFX, OFZ) R = bn knh mi dao (999.999 mm)
OP
Chi tit
Q
Gi tr ca Lx, Lz : 9999.999 mm
V d: Bng lng b dao trn my tin (FAGOR)Lng b chiu di theo phng X =
Lx+I Lng b chiu di theo phng Z = Lz+ K (I, K: gi tr mn mt sau dao
theo phng X v Z)
Kiu: hng mi dao
V tr v hng ca mi dao tin
Qui c s v tr mi dao l thuyt: 1 - 9
Gi tr b bn knh mi dao (G10)- Gi tr lng hiu chnh dao c th do ngi
cngnhn a vo hoc lp trnh (t ng) bi t lnh G10
G10 P_ X _ Z _ R _ Q _; (tuyt i)P : s ca b ghi b dao (1 64) X, Z
: lng b dao tuyt i theo hng X, Z R : bn knh mi dao Q : s v tr mi
dao l thuyt (1 9) Q
G10 P_ U _ W _ C _ Q _; (tng i)U, W : lng b tng i theo X, Z C :
lng thay i bn knh dao X, Z, U, W c th c xc lp trong cng 1 block
(dng lnh) Gi tr X, Z = t -999.999 n + 999.999 (mm), hoc t -99.9999
n + 99.9999 (h in.) Qui c v tr v hng ca mi dao:
Lnh b dao t ng: G36, G37
Khi dao di chuyn ng n v tr o, h iu khin s t ng o lng chnh lch
gia ta v tr dao hin ti v gi tr ta v tr o c lp trnh gi tr b dao Khi
dao c offset, n s chuyn ng ti v tr o vi gi tr offset ny. Nu h iu
khin thy cn offset sau khi tinh ton s chnh lch gia ta v tr o v ta c
iu khin ( lp trnh), gi tr offset hin ti s c offset tip Khi di chuyn
dao n v tr o, h ta cn c thit lp trc (thng dng HT chng trnh) T lnh:
G36 X_ ; hoc G37 Z_;
G50 X760.0 Z1100.0; xc nh im 0 ca chi tit S01 M03 T0101; chn dao
s T1, s offset 1, tc vng G36 X200.0 ; chuyn ng n v tr o. Nu dao ti
v tr o ti X198.0 (v tr o chnh xc l X200.0) th gi tr offset c thay
bi :198.0 200.0 = -2.0 mm G00 X204.0; li dao theo X G37 Z800.0;
chuyn ng n v tr o theo Z, nu dao n ti v tr o Z804.0 th gi tr offset
s l: 804.0 800.0 = 4 mm T0101; gi tr offset mi c hiu lc khi lnh T c
xc lp ln na S ca dao R Op V tr o theo Z
V tr o theo X
Gi tr offset trc khi o: X100.0Z0 Gi tr offset sau khi o:
X98.0Z4.0
Bng o kch thc dao trang b trn my CNCo dao ngoi
o dao trc tip trn my
B bn knh dao (G40, G41, G42)G41: dao chuyn ng dc theo qu o lp
trnh v bn tri G42: dao chuyn ng dc theo qu o v bn phi G40: hy lnh
hiu chnh bn knh dao G40, G41, G42 : modal Qu o tm mi dao Qu o khng
b bn knh dao Qu o lp trnh, c b bn knh dao
im dch chnh do bn knh dao so vi qu o lp trnh im tip xc vi G42 qu
o nu lp trnh vi G40
B bn knh dao bn phi chi tit
Lnh b bn knh dao
G01
G01
Lnh b dao t trc lnh chy dao nhanh n v tr bt u gia cng.
B bn knh dao phi bt u trong cng block vi lnh G00 v G01
qu o lp trnh
G42
qu o lp trnh
Hy b lnh b bn knh dao (G40):
V d : tin vi offset bn knh daoN01 G42 G00 X60.0 ; (1) N02 G01
X120.0 W150.0 F10 ; (2) N03 G40 G00 X300.0 W150.0; (3)
Hng c ca dao
V d b bn knh daoN10 G0 X100. Z120; (S) N20 G0 X0. Z110; (1) N30
M3 S2000; N40 G42 Z100. T02 F3.0; N50 G1 X20.; N60 X30. Z91.34; N70
Z75.; N80 G02 X44.644 Z57.322 I25. F1.5; N90 G01 X76. Z37.644 F3.0;
N100 Z20.; N110 X80; N120 Z0; N130 G40 X90.; N140 G0 X100. Z120.;
N150 M05 ; N160 M02;
V d:N10 G50 X100.0 Z200.0 T0101; (xc nh HT chi tit) N20 G96
S120.0 M40 M4; (tc ct ko i, phm vi s vng quay thp) N30 G0 G42 X45.0
Z90.0; N40 G01 Z40.0 F200; N50 G02 X55.0 Z30.0 I10.0 K0; N60 G01
Z-3.0; N70 G0 G40 X0 Z0 T0202; N80 M6; N90 G0 G41 X30.0 Z90.0; N100
G1 Z-3.0; (tin l) N110 G0 X25.0; N120 Z90.0; (Lp chng trnh theo bn
knh)100
200
R
Kh nng gia cng trn my tin
dao
Chi tit
V d 1 s chu trnh khi tin th
Cc chu trnh khi tinTin trn (G90)G90 X _ Z _ R _ F _ (modal)
X, Z : ta im n R : gi tr hng knh (chiu ln X) ca ng nghing trong
trng hp tin mt cn (theo hng t im n im bt u) F : gi tr tc chy dao
(mm/vng)G90 U _ W _ R _ F_ U, W : ta im n (ta tng i)
Tin trn mt tr, cn (G90)
(R) : Chy dao nhanh
(R) : Chy dao nhanh
Chu trnh tin mt tr ngoi
Chu trnh tin mt cn
Tin trn (chu trnh n, fixed cycle)
Du ca cc gi tr xc lp trong chu trnh tin cnKhi lp chng trnh vi ta
tng i, du ca gi tr i sau a ch U, W ph thuc vo hng ca qu o chy dao
(bng sau):
V d G90
Tin ren (G92)
G92 X(U)_ Z(W) _R _ F _
(modal)
X, Z : ta im n (tuyt i) R : gi tr hng knh (chiu ln X) ca ng
nghing trong trng hp tin mt cn (theo hng im n im bt u) F : tc chy
dao (bc ren) U, W: ta im n (tng i) Du ca U, W, R ph thuc vo hng
chuyn ng ca dao theo cc trc: hng + ca trc (+), hng ca trc (-)
Tin ren (G92)
R: chy dao nhanh F: bc ren
Tin mt u (G94)G94 X (U)_ Z (W)_ R _ F _ (modal)
(R): chy dao nhanh (F): tc chy dao
(U, W: ta tng i. Du ca gi tr U, W, R ph thuc vo ng chy dao 1 v
2).
Du ca cc gi tr U, W, R
(R): chy dao nhanh (F): chy dao ct
V d : tin mt u
G96 S180 M03; T0100; G00 X55.0 Z2.0 T0101; G94 X15.0 Z-2.0 F0.2;
Z-4.0 Z-6.0 Z-8.0 G00 X200.0 Z200.0 T0100; M30;
S dng cc chu trnh G90, G94Dng phi Dng phi
Dng chi tit
Dng chi tit
G90
G90
Dng phi Dng phi Dng chi tit Dng chi tit
G94
G94
Chu trnh tin th dc trc (G71)G71 U1 _ R _ ; G71 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W_
F_S_ T_; U1 : chiu su ct theo hng knh R : khong rt dao sau mi hnh
trnh ct P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit Q : No. block cui m
t profile chi tit U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X) W : lng d gia cng
tinh (hng Z) F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh, dao Ch : Profil
chi tit c dng tng bc thang, Chu trnh thc hin tin bn th bn tinh.P s
ca block u Q s ca block cui
Chu trnh tin th tin dao hng knh (G72)
G72 U1 _ R _ ; G72 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W_ F_S_ T_; U1 : chiu su ct
theo phng dc trc (Z) R : khong rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct P : No.
block u tin m t profile chi tit Q : No. block cui m t profile chi
tit U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X) W : lng d gia cng tinh (hng Z)
F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh, dao G71, G72, G73: cc lnh chuyn
ng c t gia No.block (P) v (Q)Q s ca block cui
P s ca block u
Tin th theo bin dng (G73)G73 U1_ W1_ R_; G73 P(ns)Q(nf)U2 _W2_
F_;
U1, W1 : chiu su lp ct theo phng X, Z R : s hnh trnh chy dao P :
No. block u tin m t profile chi tit Q : No. block cui m t profile
chi tit U2 : lng d gia cng tinh (hng X) W2 : lng d gia cng tinh
(hng Z) F, S, T : lng chy dao, tc trc chnh, dao (Profil chi tit phi
tng dng bc thang)
Tin rnh mt u (G74)
G74 R(e); G74 X(U) Z(W) P(i)_Q(k)_R(d)_F;
R(e): lng rt dao sau mi hnh trnh X(U): chiu rng rnh Z(W): chiu
su rnh P(i) : lng dch chuyn theo X sau mi hnh trnh ct Q(k): chiu su
mi ln ct theo phng Z R(d): dch chuyn ti cui hnh trnh Z F: lng chy
dao
Tin rnh mt u (G74)G74 R(e)__; G74 X__(U)Z__(W)P__Q__R__F__;
R(e): khong rt dao Z(w): chiu su l P: lng dch chuyn theo X sau
mi hnh trnh ct Q: chiu su mi ln n dao (phng Z) (1000= 1mm) R: lng
rt dao sau mi hnh trnh (theo phng Z) F: lng chy dao (R): chy dao
nhanh (F): chy dao ct
R F F F F F
R(e)
V d tin rnh mt u: G74
G00 X20.0 Z1.0; G74 R1.0 ; G74 Z-10.0 Q3000 F0.1; G00 X200.0
Z200.0; M30; Ch : FANUC 0TC Q3000=3mm P10000=10mm
Khoan l gin on theo phng Z (G74)
G0 X0. Z80.; M03 S2000; G74 Z30. Q10. R3. F0.2; M05 S0; (dng trc
chnh) M02; (dng chng trnh)
Tin hc, rnh (G75) theo phng XG75 R(c); G75 X(U) Z(W) P(i) Q(k)
R(d) F_ ;
Tin hc rnh (G75)G75 R(c); G75 X(U) Z(W) P(i) Q(k) R(d) F_ ;
R(C) : khong rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct X(U) Z(w) : ta rnh Q(k):
dch chuyn ct theo trc Z P(i): dch chuyn ct theo phng X (theo bn
knh) R(d): lng rt dao sau mi hnh trnh ct theo X F: lng chy dao
V d: tin rnh G75G97 S1000 M03; G00 X90.0 Z1.0 T0101; X82.0
Z-60.0; G75 R1.0; G75 X60.0 Z-20.0 P3000 Q20000 F0.1; G00 X90.0;
X200.0 Z200.0 T0100; M30;
Chu trnh tin tinh (G70)Sau khi tin th bng cc lnh G71, G72, hoc
G73 c th tin tinh vi t lnh sau :
G70 P(ns) Q(nf)F_ ;P : No. block u tin m t profile chi tit Q :
No. block cui m t profile chi titCh :
-F, S v T c hiu lc trong block G70 khi t gia (ns) v (nf) - khi
kt thc chu trnh gia cng vi lnh G70 th dng c tr v im tham chiu (im
bt u) v tip tc thc hin block tip theo - khng th gi chng trnh con
trong blocks gia (ns) v (nf) lin quan n G70 thng qua G73
V d G71TIN TH NGOI (chy dao dc trc)
V d G72TIN TH NGOI (chy dao hng knh)
Lp trnh theo ng knh, h met
V d G73
Star point
40
N010: t im chun (bt u) N011:chy dao nhanh n B N012-013:chu trnh
tin chp hnh N014-019: profil gia cng N020: tin tinh profil
Tin ren c bc khng iG32 X_Z_F_; X, Z : ta im cui ca ren F : bc
ren theo trc chnh (Z nu 45o)
Ch : -G32 khng phi l chu trnh (cycle) - Tc quay trc chnh khng
thay i khi tin th v tinh.
Bc ren Khong cch ng b Va v Vc
Ren thng
Ren cn
Ren mt u
V d:Bc ren : 3mm 1 : 5mm 2 : 1.5mm Chiu su ct : 1mm(2 ln chy
dao)
G97 S800 M03 ; G00 X90.0 Z5.0 T0101 ; X22.026 ; G32 X49.562
Z-71.5 F3.0 ; G00 X90.0 Z5.0 ; X21.052 ; G32 X48.588 Z-71.5 ; G00
X90.0 Z5.0 ; X150.0 Z150.0 T0100 ; M30 ;
Tin ren c bc thay iG34 ip_F_K_;IP_: ta im cui ca ren F_: bc ren
dc trc ti v tr u tin K_: lng tng (gim) ca bc ren trn 1 vng quayBng
gi tr ca K:
V d: gia cng ren c F = 8.0 mm/vng, K = 0.3 mm/vng :
G34 Z-72.0 F8.0 K0.3;
Ct ren nhiu u miG32 IP_ F_ Q_ ; G32 IP_ Q_ ;IP_: ta im cui F_:
bc ren Q_: gc u mi ren u tin V d: gia cng trc vit 2 u mi vi im bt u
mi ren 0o v 180o :
Cc lnh ct ren : -G32: ct ren bc khng i -G34: ct ren bc thay i
-G76: ct ren hn hp -G92 : chu trnh ct ren
G00 X40.0 ; G32 W38.0 F4.0 Q0 ; G00 X72.0 ; W38.0 ; X40.0 ; G32
W38.0 F4.0 Q180000; G00 X72.0 ; W38.0 ;
Tin ren cnV d: tin ren c bc ren = 3.5 mm theo hng trc Z 1 = 2mm,
2 = 1mm, chiu su ct theo X = 1 mm (ct 2 ln) Lp trnh theo ng knh, h
n v quc t (metric) N010 G00 X 12.0 Z72.0 ; N020 G32 X 41.0 Z29.0
F3.5 ; N030 G00 X 50.0 ; N040 Z 72.0 ; N050 X 10.0 ; (ct ln 2, chiu
su ct = 1mm) N060 G32 X 39.0 Z29.0 ; N070 G00 X 50.0 ; N080 Z 72.0
;
Chu trnh tin ren hn hp (G76)
Mi dao
Hnh trnh chuyn ng ca dao trong chu trnh tin ren hn hp (hnh v :
gia cng ren cn)
Chu trnh tin ren hn hp (G76)G76P (m) (r) (a) Q (d min) R(d);
G76X (u) _ Z(W) _ R(i) P(k) Q(d) F(L);m : s ln lp li gia cng tinh,
gi tr t 0 99 (modal) r : lng vt cui ren, r = 0.0L 9.9L vi lng tng
dn = 0.1L (L = bc ren) a : gc mi dao (gc profil ren), c th chn cc
gi tr sau: 80, 60, 55, 30, 29, and 0 (m, r, a c xc nh bi a ch P)
dmin: chiu su ct nh nht (xc nh bi gi tr bn knh dao R(d): lng d ct
tinh i : chnh lch bn knh ren, i = 0: ren thng (tr) K: chiu cao ren
d: chiu su ct ln chy dao u tin. Mi dao (V d: P021060: 2 ln chy dao,
vt cuiren=1.0, gc ren=60)
Ch :
Chu trnh gia cng c thc hin bi lnh G76 vi X(U) v Z(W) xc nh Ct
ren 1 pha gim lc ct trn dao Ct ren trong Chn lng tin dao hng knh
cho hnh trnh ct u tin d v hnh ct th n : dn = const. Tc tin dao hng
knh c xc nh bi lnh F Ct ren tng t lnh G32 v chu trnh ct ren G92 Du
ca cc gi tr tng i (hnh v hnh trnh dao):
U, W < 0 (theo hng AC, CD) Chy dao nhanh R< 0 (xc nh theo
hng AC) P, Q lun >0
V d tin ren hn hp G76
Gia cng ren chy dao kiu zic-zac : a ch P2V d trc: G76 X60640
Z25000 K3680 D1800 F6.0 A60 P2;Mi dao
Lng cho php gc tinh
Chu trnh gia cng l trn my tin CNC
Ni chung chu trnh gia cng l bao gm 6 bc tun t nh sau: - nh v tr
trc X(Z) v C - chy dao nhanh n mc R (Return) - khoan l - gia cng y
l - rt dao nhanh v mc R - chy dao nhanh n mc ban u
Bc 1 Bc 2 Mc im R
Mc khi u Bc 6
Bc 5 Bc 3
Bc 4
Chy dao nhanh Chy dao ct
Bng cc lnh chu trnh gia cng lCode G Trc khoan Bc gia cng l (hng
-) ____ Chy dao Chy dao/dng Chy dao Chy dao Gia cng y l _____ Tm
dng Tm dng Tm dng quay CCW ____ Bc rt dao (hng +) _____Chy dao
nhanh
p dng
80 81, 82 83 84 85
_____ Z Z Z Z
Hy b Khoan,doa Khoan l su Taro ren su Doa
Chy dao nhanh Chy dao ct Chy dao ct Chy dao nhanh Chy dao ct Chy
dao ct
87 88 89
X X X
Chy dao/dng Chy dao Chy dao
Tm dng Tm dng quay CCW Tm dng
khoan Taro ren Doa
Cc trc xc nh v tr l v trc gia cng
Code G gia cng l s xc nh cc trc v tr v trc gia cng (bng di) Trc
C v trc X (hoc Z) c s dng nh cc trc v tr (xc nh ta tm l) Trc X hoc
Z, khi khng c dng nh trc v tr, th c dng nh mt trc gia cng (xc nh
chiu su l) Cc cp lnh G83 G87, G84-G88, G85-G89 c cng chc nng, ch
khc nhau cc trc v tr v trc gia cng l
Code G G83, G84, G85 G87, G88, G89
V tr tm l Trc X, C Trc Z, C
Trc gia cng Trc Z Trc X
Tr v mc ban u - tr v mc RG98 : rt dao t y l v mc ban u (thng dng
cho bc gia cng l ln cui) G99 : rt dao t y l v mc R (thng dng cho bc
gia cng l u tin)G98 (tr v mc ban u) G99 (tr v mc R)
Mc ban u
Mc R
Lnh hy b chu trnh gia cng l
Dng t lnh G80, hoc dng t lnh G nhm 01: G00 : chy dao nhanh ti v
tr gia cng G01 : ni suy tuyn tnh G02 : ni suy vng trn, cng chiu kim
ng h (CW) G03 : ni suy vng trn, ngc chiu kim ng h (CCW)
Khoan - doa l thng (G81, G82)Khoan: G81 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ F_L_ ;
Doa: G82 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ F_P_L ;
X_, C_ : ta v tr l Z_ hoc X_ : Khong cch t mc R n y l R_: khong
cch t mc ban u n mc R Q_: Chiu su ct cho mi ln chy dao ct P_: Thi
gian dng ct ti y l F_: lng chy dao L_: s ln lp li (nu c) Rt dao
nhanh : G98 hoc G99
im u
Khoan l su, tc cao (G83, G87)G83 hoc 87 (G98)im u Xc nh v tr
(chy dao nhanh) Chy dao ct (G01) Chy dao bng tay
G83 hoc G87 (G99)
P1: dng li trong chng trnh P2: dng li M: lnh M kp cht (kha) trc
C M (+1): lnh M tho trc C d: khong rt dao xc nh theo tham s
No.5114
G83 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_L; Hoc: G87 Z(W)_ C(H)_
X(U)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_L ;
X_(hoc Z_), C_ : ta tm l Z_ hoc X_ : Khong cch t mc R n y l R_:
khong cch t mc ban u n mc R Q_: Chiu su ct cho mi ln chy dao ct P_:
Thi gian dng ct ti y l F_: lng chy dao M_: lnh M kha trc C (khi cn
thit) L_: s ln chy dao (nu cn thit)
Khoan l su gin on c b phoiG83 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_
K_ ; hoc: G87 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ Q_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;
P1: dng li theo chng trnh P2: dng li M: lnh M kp cht (kha) trc C
M (+1): lnh M tho trc C d: khong rt dao xc nh theo tham s
No.5114
Mc ban u
V d
M51; m trc C (ON) M3 S2000 ; quay trc mi khoan G00 X50.0 C0.0 ;
xc nh v tr dao theo truc X v C G83 Z40.0 R5.0 Q5000 F5.0 M31; gia
cng l 1 C90.0 M31; quay 1 gc 90o , gia cng l 2 C180.0 M31; quay 1
gc 180o , gia cng l 3 C270.0 M31; quay 1 gc 270o , gia cng l 4 G80
M05; hy b lnh khoan v dng trc quay dao M50; m trc C (OFF)
Chu trnh ta r ren phi (G84, G88)G84 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ P_ F_
M_ K_ ; G88 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ P_ F_ M_ K_ ;
X_ C_ hoc Z_ C_ : ta v tr l Z_ hoc X_ : khong cch t mc R n y l
R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n mc R P_ : thi gian dng ti y l (s) F_ :
tc chy dao K_ : s ln lp li (nu c) M_ : code M kp cht trc C (ON) nu
c CCW: quay ngc chiu kim ng h (rt dao) CW: cng chiu (khi ct)
Mc ban uQuay CW
Quay CW
Chu trnh doa l su (G85, G89)G85 X(U)_ C(H)_ Z(W)_ R_ P_ F_ K_ M_
; hoc: G89 Z(W)_ C(H)_ X(U)_ R_ P_ F_ K_ M_ ;X_ C_ hoc Z_ C_ : ta v
tr l Z_ hoc X_ : khong cch t mc R n y l R_ : khong cch t mc ban u n
mc R P_ : thi gian dng ti y l (s) F_ : tc chy dao K_ : s ln lp li
(nu c) M_ : code M kp cht trc C (ON) nu c Sau khi xc nh v tr l, dao
chy nhanh n im R. Gia cng l n im Z, sau chy dao v vi tc gp 2 ln tc
chy dao khi ct.
V d
X
Z
Chng trnh gia cng chi tit:
N0010 G90 G20; N0020 G40; N0030 T0101; N0040 G50 X6.0 Z 10.0; (t
HT chi tit) N0050 G96 S400 M03; N0060 G00 G42 X1.3 Z0.1; N0070 G71
P0080 Q0120 U0.03 W0.001 D0.04 F10.01; (tin th) N0080 G00 X .55;
N0090 G01 X.75 Z-.1; N0100 G01 Z-1.0; N0110 G01 X1.0 Z-1.5; N0120
G01 Z-1.625; N0130 G02 X1.25 Z-1.75 I.125 K0; N0140 G28;
N0150 T0202; N0160 G00 G42 X1.3 Z.1; N0170 G70 P080 Q0120
F10.008 ;(gc tinh) N0180 G40 G00 X2.0 Z2.0; N0190 G28; N0200 T0303;
N0210 G92 X 6.0 Z10.0; N0220 G96 S300 M03; N0230 G00 X.75 Z.2;
N0240 G76 X.75 Z-.5 K0.053 D0.02 F10.065 A60; (tin ren) N0250 G28 ;
N0260 T0404; N0270 G92 X6.0 Z 10.0; N0280 G96 S800 M03; N0290 G00
X0 Z.2; N0300 G74 X0 Z-.75 F10.01 K1.125; (khoan) N0310 G28; N0320
M30;
Chng 4
Lp chng trnh gia cng trn my phay v trung tm gia cng- Cc loi my
phay: - trc dao nm ngang, thng ng - 2 trc , 3 trc (XYZ), 4 trc
(XYZC), 5 trc, max 8 trc (XYZABCUV) - qui c trc Z l trc mang dao,
hng Z+ di xa chi tit
My phay CNC
5 trc u dao Tr trt Chi tit Bn mang ct Bng my
Cc h ta trn my phay
HT chi tit HT chi tit HT my
im chun
Bn my
M: im 0 ca my W: im 0 ca chi tit
Nhc li 1 s khi nim: - Gc ta my (im 0) do nh ch to qui nh. Trong
qu trnh gia cng v tr ca dao phi c so snh vi im 0 ca my (OM, cn gi l
gc o Om) : (G90) G53 -Gc ta chi tit (Op): nm trn chi tit do ngi lp
chng trnh chn, xc nh HT ca phi trong HT my : (G90) G92 -Gc ta chng
trnh (OP): c th c 1 vi OP xc nh v tr cc b mt gia cng, do ngi lp
trnh chn: (G90) G54 G59 - im tham chiu (R): im chun ca my dng gim
st v iu chnh v tr thc ca dao trong qua trnh gia cng so vi OM:
G28
Tr v im tham chiu
(G90) G53 ip_; chy dao nhanh v im 0 ca my, ta tuyt i (G90), nu
dng G91 my s b qua G53, hy b cc lnh b dao khi a vo lnh G53. (G90)
G92 ip_ : xc nh h ta chi tit G28 ip_: tr v v tr tham chiu (im chun,
v tr thay dao) G29 ip_ : tr v t v tr tham chiu (vd: sau khi thay
dao) G52 ip_ : xc lp h ta chng trnh cc b
Vd: G92 X25.2 Z23.0; (mi dao l im bt u chng trnh)
G92 X600.0 Z1200.0; (im chun l im bt u)im chun R
V d: xc nh HT my (G53)
M: gc ta my
Gc ta chi tit
Tr v v tr tham chiu (im chun) : - G28: phi gi G91 dao i qua v tr
trung gian trc khi tr v im Z=0, sau goi li G90 tr v HT tuyt i. Lnh
G28 hy b lnh b dao - G53 (non modal): c th dng a dao v im chun, trc
phi hy b lnh b dao (G49)
Chy dao nhanh v im Z=0
Chy dao nhanh v im Z=0
Bn my
Bn my
V d: t im 0 ca chi tit (G54 ip_) Xc nh khong
cch t nh dao (hoc im g t dao) n gc ta chi tit
Op
V d: G54 G59
1 2 3 4 5 6
X= X= X= X= X= X=
100.000 Y = 100.000 100.000 Y = 500.000 500.000 Y = 100.000
500.000 Y = 500.000 900.000 Y = 100.000 900.000 Y = 500.000
.......... .......... .......... .......... ..........
..........
G54 G55 G56 G57 G58 G59
CT5
CT3
CT1
CT6
CT6
CT4
CT2
V d G54-G59 (tip)
(chng trnh chnh) G28X0Y0Z0; N1 G90G54M98P100; N2 G55M98P100; N3
G57M98P100; N4 G56M98P100; N5 G58M98P100; N6 G59M98P100; N7
G28X0Y0Z0; N8 M02; %
O100; (chng trnh con) N1G90G00G43X50.Y50.Z100.H10;
N2G01X200.F50; (phay mt phng) Y200.; X50.; Y50.; N3G28X0Y0Z0;
TxxM06; (khoan 4 l) N4G98G81X125. Y75.Z150.R95.F40; X175. Y125.;
X125. Y175.; X75. Y125.; G80; N5G28X0Y0Z0; Txx M06; (taro 4 l)
N6G98G84X125. Y5.Z150.R95.F40; X175. Y125.; X125. Y175.; X75.
Y125.; G80; M99;
V d kt hp HT chi tit HT cc b[1] G28X0Y0 [2] G00G90G54X0Y0 [3]
G52X500.Y500. [4] M98P200 [5] G00G90G55X0Y0 [6] M98P200 [7]
G00G90G54X0Y0 M02 (a) O200 (b) G00X0Y0 (c) G01X500.F100 (d) Y500.
(e) M99
HT chi tit
HT cc b
V d: G92
X Z: HT gc ca chi tit X Z: HT mi (to bi G54, G55) A: offset to
bi G92 (G92 X600.0 Z1200.0) B : gi tr offset trong lnh G54 C : gi
tr offset trong lnh G55G54: HT chi tit
G54 X200.0 Y160.0; HT X Y (mi) G92 X100.0 Y100.0; vec t offset A
t ng c thit lp (offset im 0 chi tit) dao
G55: HT
X-Y: HT chi tit gc
t ta c cc (G15, G16)
Ta im n ca dao c th c vit dng c cc (ta tm+bn knh)Lnh t ta c cc
Ta c cc im n
G : chn mt phng ca ta c cc (G17, G18, G19) G : G90, xc nh im 0
ca HT lm vic l gc ca HT c cc G91: xc nh v tr hin ti ca dao l gc ca
ta c cc G15: hy b ta c ccBn knh gc
Gc tuyt i
Gc tng i
V d: gia cng 3 l trn vng trn HT chi tit trng vi HT c cc, mt phng
XYTheo gc c cc tuyt i: N1 G17 G90 G16 ; (chn mp XY, t im 0 chi tit
= gc ta c cc, t ta c cc N2 G81 X100.0 Y30.0 Z20.0 R5.0 F200.0 ; (xc
nh khong cch 100 mm v gc 30 N3 Y150.0 ;(xc nh khong cch 100 mm v gc
150 ) N4 Y270.0 ; (xc nh khong cch 100 mm v gc 270 ) N5 G15 G80 ;
(hy b lnh ta c cc v chu trnh khoan) Theo gc c cc tng i: N1 G17 G90
G16 ; N2 G81 X100.0 Y30.0 Z20.0 R5.0 F200.0 ; N3 G91 Y120.0; N4
Y120.0; N5 G15 G80; (G81: chu trnh khoan, G80: hy b chu trnh
khoan)
Tc chy daoG94 F_ ; (mm/min or inch/min) G95 F_ ; (mm/vng,
inch/vng) G93 F_ ; nghch o thi gian (1/min) (FRN)Modal, nhm
05mm/min mm/vng
FRN = F/qung ng = 1/min - Vd: kt thc ct trong 10 s: FRN =
1/10/60 = 6 F6.0 Thi gian chuyn ng ct F0.5 = 1/FRN=1/0.5 = 2 (min)F
R - Lng chy dao F = tc chy dao tip tuyn, lun i N vi cc lnh G01,
G02, G03 =Chi tit Bn my
dao
G01 X100. Y100. F200 * (200.0 mm/min) G01 X100. Y100. F123.4
(123.4 mm/min) G01 X100. Y100. F56.789 (56.789 mm/min) Ni suy tuyn
tnh Ni suy vng trn * F200 = F200.0 = F200.
Tc quay dng tm thi
G96 S_; tc ct c nh (m/min), modal (S: 5 ch s max) G97 S_; tc
quay trc dao (vng/min), modal G97 c tc dng hy b G96, Gi lnh M03
(quay cng chiu kim ng h) hoc M04 (ngc chiu kim ng h) trc lnh G96,
G97 G96 P; tc khng i theo cc trc P0 : t trc bng tham s (No. 3770)
P1 : trc X, P2 : Y, P3 : Z , P4 : trc th 4, P5 : trc 5, P6 : trc 6,
P7 : trc 7, P8 :trc 8 G92 S_; hn ch tc quay ln nht ca my (vng/min)
G04 P_; dng tm thi (thi gian, s)
Ta tuyt i, tng iG90 X_Y_Z_; (ta tuyt i) G91 X_Y_Z_; (ta tng i)
modal
Dao chuyn ng t im A n B :
Ta im B
Ta im B
Chuyn ng ca dao t A n B:
G90 G00 X2.25 Y1.25; G91 G00 X5.25 Y2.25;
B
A
Chuyn ng ni suy ca daoG01 : ni suy tuyn tnh G02, G03 : ni suy
vng trn G00: chy dao nhanh Dng c ct chuyn ng dc theo bin dng thng
hoc cong ca chi tit vi tc chy dao xc nh bi lnh F_ Modal, nhm 01
Dao
Chi tit
Chi tit
Dao
G01 X_Y_;
G03 X_Y_R_
Ni suy vng trn
im cui
Tm cung trn im bt u
V d: ni suy vng trn khi phay
V d ni suy tuyn tnh G01Y
Ta tuyt i: G90 G41 G01 X0. F12. Y2.25 X1. Y3.25 X2.25 .........
Ta tng i: G91 G41 G01 X0. F12. Y2.25 X1. Y1. X1.25 .........
X
Ni suy vng trong cc mt phng
X-Y
Z-X
Y-Z
B ng knh v chiu di dao-Thng 1 vi dao c dng gia cng 1 chi tit, c
chiu di khc nhau - chiu di mi dao phi c o trc - Hiu chnh dao: - bn
knh: G41(b dao bn tri chi tit) , G42 (b dao bn phi) - chiu di dao:
G43 (b cd dao dng), G44 (b cd dao m) - Hy b lnh b dao: G40 (b bn
knh), G49 (b chiu di)Qu o dao khi bDao tiu chun
Profil chi tit Chi tit Chi tit
dao
Hiu chnh dao theo chiu di G43: gi tr b chiu di dao ghi trong a
ch H c cng thm vo gi tr ta cui G44: gi tr b chiu di dao ghi trong a
ch H b tr ra t gi tr ta cui G43: gi tr b dao > 0 dao chuyn ng
theo hng (+) ca trc, < 0 : chuyn ng ngc li G44: khi gi trj b dao
> 0 chuyn ng theo hng (-) ca trc; khi < 0 ngc li G43, G44 :
modal, c hiu lc cho n khi xut hin lnh G trong cng nhm hoc G49 hoc
H0 (a ch H0 c ngha l gi tr b = 0) V d: B b dao H1 cho gi tr b dao =
20.0; b b dao H2= 30.0 G90 G43 Z100.0 H1 ; dao c n v tr Z=120.0 G90
G44 Z100.0 H2 ; dao c n v tr Z=70.0
V d b dao theo hng dng G43:
Dao
Chi tit Bn my
(Dao ngn hn dao chun gi tr b dao
