Giao Trinh KT Phay CNC - Trung Tâm CNC

8/10/2019 Giao Trinh KT Phay CNC - Trung Tm CNC

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BLAO NG THNG BINH V X HITRNG C NGHKTHUT CNG NGHTP. HCH MINH

TRUNG TM O TO V GIA CNG CNC

GIO TRNHGIA CNG TRN MY PHAY CNC

(lu hnh ni b)


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MC LCChng 1: GII THIU CHUNG VMY CNC ............. .............. ........... ............ 1

1.1.Qu trnh pht trin:....................................................................................... 1

1.2.Cu to chung ca my phay CNC .......................... ........... .............. ............. 31.3.Cc bphn chnh ca my: .......................................................................... 4

1.4.c im c trng ca trung tm gia cng: .............. .............. ........... .......... 7

1.5.Lp t, bo qun bo dng my phay CNC ...................... ............ .......... 12

Chng 2: LP TRNH PHAY CNC ............. ............. ............ ............. ............. ..... 13

2.1.Ci t cc thng sc bn cho phn mm iu khin phay CNC ......... ... 13

2.2.Cu trc chng trnh NC vit cho trung tm gia cng: ............ .............. .. 13

2.3.Lnh, cu lnh phay CNC ............ .............. ........... .............. ............. ............ . 162.3.1.

Ngn nglp trnh:...................................................................................... 16

2.3.2. Lp trnh theo totng i v totuyt i:................................... 18

2.4.Chct khi phay CNC ............................................................................. 19

2.5.Gii thiu cc lnh ct gt c bn phay CNC ............. .............. ........... ........ 19

2.5.1.

Lnh chy dao nhanh khng ct gt: G00 ........................................................ 19

2.5.2. Lnh ni suy ng thng: G01 ...................................................................... 202.5.3.

Lnh xc nh mt phng gia cng: G17,G18,G19: ......................................... 23

2.5.4. Lnh ni suy cung trn: G02,G03 ................................................................... 24

2.5.5.

Lnh tr: G04 .................................................................................................. 31

2.6.Gii thiu cc lnh htrphay CNC ............. .............. ........... .............. ....... 32

2.7.Chu trnh gia cng: ....................................................................................... 45

2.7.1. Chu trnh khoan: G73.................................................................................... 48

2.7.2. Chu trnh khot l: G76................................................................................. 492.7.3. Chu trnh khoan: G81.................................................................................... 49

2.7.4. Chu trnh khoan: G82.................................................................................... 50

2.7.5. Chu trnh khoan: G83.................................................................................... 50

2.7.6. Chu trnh ta r ren phi: G84 ........................................................................ 51

2.7.7.

Chu trnh doa l: G85 .................................................................................... 522.7.8. Chu trnh khot l: G86................................................................................. 52

2.7.9. Chng trnh chnh v chng trnh con:.................................................... 57

Chng 3: VN HNH MY PHAY CNC ............. .............. ........... .............. ....... 64

3.1.Kim tra my v sa li chng trnh: ................. ......... ..... .... ..... ......... ..... .. 64

3.2.Nhp v gi tn chng trnh gia cng: ......................... ..... .... ..... ......... ....... 65

3.2.1. Nhp chng trnh: ...................................................................................... 653.2.2.

Gi chng trnh gia cng:........................................................................... 65

3.3.Tn v chc nng ca cc bphn trong bng iu khin my: ............. ... 66

3.3.1. Bng iu khin mn hnh ( CTR control panel):....................................... 663.3.2.

Bng iu khin my: ................................................................................... 68


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Chng 4:GIA CNG PHAY CNC ....................................................................... 74

4.1.Phay mt phng ............................................................................................. 74

4.2.Phay bc, cong, cung .............. ............. ............ .............. ........... .............. ....... 75

4.3.Phay theo bin dng. ..................................................................................... 76

4.4.Khoan l......................................................................................................... 774.5.Tar................................................................................................................ 78

4.6.Phay mt 3D c lp trnh bng phn mm CAD/CAM ............... ........... 79

TI LIU THAM KHO ....................................................................................... 80


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Chng 1: GII THIU CHUNG V MY CNCM 34 -1

Mc tiu:

+ Trnh by c cu to chung ca my v cc bphn chnh ca my phayCNC+ So snh im ging nhau v khc nhau gia my phay vn nng v my

phay CNC+ Nu c c tnh k thut ca my CNC.+ Rn luyn tnh klut, kin tr, cn thn, nghim tc, chng v tch cc

sng to trong hc tp.

1.1. Qu trnh pht trin:

Qu trnh pht trin ca cng nghchto v my ct kim loi tri qua ccgiai on:* Cng nghthcng;* Cng nghip ho vi sra i ca ngnh chto my cng c;* Ttng ho c kh sang tng ho c strgip ca my vi tnh (CNC).Sau y l nhng mc quan trng ca qu trnh pht trin ca my cng ciukhin s (CNC = Computerized Numerical control), n gn lin vi qu trnh

pht trin ca cng nghin tv tin hc. Nm 1808: JOSEPB MJAC QUARD dng nhng tm tn c liu

khin tng cc my dt.

Nm 1863: MFO URNEAUX pht minh n dng cm t ng niting thgii vi tn gi l PIANNOLA .Trong dng mt bng giy cchiu rng 30cm c c l theo v tr tng thch iu khin lungkh nn tc ng vo cc phm bm c kh. Bng giy c ldng lm vtmang tin c pht minh.

Nm1946: Dr. JOHNW MAUCHLY v Dr. JSPRESPER ECKERT pht minh ra my tnh sin tu tin c tn l ENIAC cho qun iM c ng dng.

Nm1948 1952: T.PARSON v vin cng ngh MIT. (MassachusettsInstitute Of Technology) nghin cu thit ktheo hp ng ca Khngqun M(US AF) mt hthng iu khin dnh cho my cng c. iukhin trc tip vtr ca cc trc vt me thng qua dliu u ra ca mtmy tnh lm bng chng cho khnng gia cng mt chi tit. T. PARSON a ra 4 lun im c bn:

Nhng vtr c tnh ra trn mt bin dng c ghi nh vo bac l.

Cc ba c lc c trn my mt cch tng. Cc v tr c c ra phi c thng bo mt cch lin tc vbxung thm tnh ton cho cc gi trtrung gian.


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Cc ng c SERVO (v cp tc ) c thiu khin c chuynng ca cc trc.

Nm1952: Hng MIT cung cp chic my phay u tin mang tnCINCINNATI HYDROTEL c trc thng ng. T iu khin lp bng

bng bng in tc thdch chuyn ng thi theo ba trc, nhn dliu

thng qua bng c lnhphn (Binary Code Punched Band). Nm1954 :BENDIX mua bn quyn pht minh ca T. PARSONS v

ch to thit b iu khin NC cng nghip u tin (vn dng bng nin t).

Nm1957:Nhng my phay u tin c trong cc phn xng ca khnglc Hoa k, Nht bn vin cng nghTOKYO v cng ty IKEGAI linkt, ktha chto thnh cng my iu khin strn c smy tin thylc v chic my tin NC u tin ra i Nht Bn.

Nm 1958:KERNEY v TRECKER lin kt gii thiu hthng thay dngctng ATC (Automatic Tool Changer) cn gi l Milwaukee Matic,gii thiu ngn ng lp trnh biu trng u tin APT gn lin vi mytnh IBM704

Nm1960: H iu khin NC dng n bn dn thay th cc h iukhin c (dng n in t). Cc nh ch to my ngi c trng bychic my iu khin NC u tin ti hi chHANOVER.

Nm 1965:Gii php thay dng ctng (ATC) nng cao trnh t

ng ho khu gia cng. Nm 1968:Kthut mch tch hp IC (Intergrated Circuits) lm cho cc

hiu khin nhgn v tin cy hn.

Nht bn makino hp tc vi FANUC chuyn giao hthng iu khinDNC u tin (iu khin hthng ng st quc gia Nht).

Nm 1969:Nhng gii php u tin viu khin lin kt chung t mtmy vi tnh trung tm DNC (Direct Numerical control) thit lp M

bng hiu khin (Sundstrand Omnicontrol) v my tnh IBM.

+ Nm 1970: Gii php thay th b phin g phi t ng (AutomaticPalate Changer)

Nm 1972:Hiu khin NC u tin c lp mt my vi tnh nh. l hiu khin sdng vi tnh c hvi x l sau ny.

Nm 1976:Cc hvi xl (Micro Processors) to ra cuc cch mng trongkthut CNC.

Nm 1978:Cc hthng gia cng linh hot c to lp thc hin.

Nm 1979:Nhng khp ni lin hon CAD/CAM thit kv ch to ctr gip ca my tnh (Computer Aided Design/ Computer AidedManufacturing).


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Nm 1980: Trong khi pht trin ca cng c tr gip lp trnh tch hpCNC, bng nmt Cuc chin lng tin ng hhay chng i gii phpiu khin qua cp lnh bng tay.

Nm 1984: Xut hin h iu khin CNC c cng nng mnh m ctrang bcc cng ctrgip lp trnh ha (Graphic) tin thm mt bc

pht trin mi lp trnh ti phn xng.

Nhng nm (1986-1987): Nhng giao din tiu chun ho (StandardInterfaces) m ra con ng tin ti cc x nghip tng trn c s hthng trao i h thng thng tin lin thng CIM (Computer IntergratedManufacturing).

Tnm 1990:Cc giao din sgia iu khin NC v hcc khi ng -c ci thin chnh xc v c tnh iu chnh ca cc trc iu khin

NC v trc chnh.

T nm 1994 n nay: Khp kn chui qu trnh CAD/CAM/CNC bngcch sdng hNURBS lm phng php ni suy. c truy cp thCAD nhm din tbmt t mn v sc nt cao. Nng cao chnhxc v tc xl to ra chuyn ng u n ca my, tng tui thcamy v dng c.

1.2. Cu to chung ca my phay CNC

1.2.1. Phn iu khin: Gm chng trnh iu khin v cc c cu iu khin.- Chng trnh iu khin: L tp hp cc tn hiu (gi l lnh c trnh bykchng II) iu khin my, c m ha di dng chci, sv mtsk hiu khc nh du cng, tr, du chm, gch nghing ... Chng trnh nyc ghi ln c cu mang chng trnh di dng m s(cthl m thp - nhphn nh bng c l, m nhphn nh bnhca my tnh)- Cc c cu iu khin: Nhn tn hiu tc cu c chng trnh, thc hin cc

php bin i cn thit c c tn hiu ph hp vi iu kin hot ng cac cu chp hnh, ng thi kim tra shot ng ca chng thng qua cc tnhiu c gi vtcc cm bin lin hngc. Bao gm cc c cu c, c cu

Phn iu khin

Chng trnh iu khin

C cu iukhin

Bn phmiu khin

-K tay-K tng

My ctkim loi

Phn chp hnh

Phi

Chi tit gia cng

-Chuyn ng-Vn tc

-Vtr-Bo li

Tn hiu Mn hnh


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gii m, c cu chuyn i, bxl tn hiu, c cu ni suy, c cu so snh, ccu khuych i, c cu o hnh trnh, c cu o vn tc, bnhv cc thit bxut nhp tn hiu.y l thit bin in trt phc tp, ng vai tr ct yu trong hthngiu khin ca my NC. Vic tm hiu nguyn l cu to ca cc thit bny i

hi c kin thc t cc gio trnh chuyn ngnh khc, cho nn y ch giithiu khi qut.

1.2.2. Phn chp hnh:

Gm my ct kim loi v mt sc cu phc vvn tng ha nh cc ccu tay my, cha dao, bi trn, ti trn, ht thi phoi, cp phi ...Cng nh cc loi my ct kim loi khc, y l bphn trc tip tham gia ctgt kim loi to hnh chi tit. Ty theo khnng cng nghca loi my mc cc bphn : Hp tc , hp chy dao, thn my, sng trc, bn my, trcchnh, cha dao, cc tay my ...Kt cu tng bphn chnh chyu nh my vn nng thng thng, nhng cmt vi khc bit nhm bo qu trnh iu khin tng c n nh,chnh xc, nngsut v c bit l mrng khnng cng nghca my.- Hp tc : Phm vi iu chnh tc ln, thng l truyn ng v cp,trong sdng cc ly hp in tthay i tc c ddng.- Hp chy dao: C ngun dn ng ring, thng l cc ng c bc. Trongxch truyn ng, sdng cc phng php khkhe hca cc btruyn nhvt me ai c bi...- Thn my cng vng, kt cu hp l dthi phoi, ti trn, dthay dao t

ng. Nhiu my c cha dao, tay my thay dao tng, c thit btnghiu chnh khi dao bmn ...Trong cc my CNC c thsdng cc dng iu khin thch nghi khc nhau

bo m mt hoc nhiu thng s ti u nh cc thnh phn lc ct, nhit ct, bng bmt, chct ti u, n, rung .

1.3. Cc bphn chnh ca my:

Trung tm gia cng l my phay CNC c hthng thay dao tng. Trung tm

gia cng c 2 loi trc ng v trc ngang.

YX

Z


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Hnh 1.1:Trung tm gia cng trc ng

Hnh 1.2:Trung tm gia cng trc ngang

Trung tm gia cng c cc bphn chnh sau:

1.3.1.Trc chnh:

Trc chnh ging nh trc chnh ca my phay CNC c phn cn udng g dao.

1.3.2.trc chnh:

trc chnh c ng trt dn hng cho u dao di chuyn lnxung theo phng Z.

1.3.3.Bn my:

Bn my c cng dng g phi. Bn my c th di chuyn theophng X v Y.

1.3.4.Thn my:

Thn my c cng dng cc bphn ca my.

1.3.5.Bphn thay dao tng:Bphn thay dao tng c tch dao v tay my thay dao tngtheo chng trnh.

1.3.6.Mt sdao gia cng trn trung tm gia cng:

a)Dao phay mt phng:

Z

Y

X


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b)Dao phay ngn:

c)Mi khoan:

d)Dao khot:

e)Dao doa:

f)

Mi khoan tm:

g)Dao vt mp:

h) h.Mi ta r:


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1.4. c im c trng ca trung tm gia cng:1.4.1.Htrc ta :

xc nh cc v tr ca cc b phn my trong qu trnh chuyn ng, vnguyn tc, ta cn phi gn chng vo nhng htrc to. thng nht viclp trnh, ngi ta quy c nhsau: Dng cct quay trn v thc hin chuyn ng tin, chi tit ng yn.

Cc chuyn ng tnh tin c biu din theo h trc to vung gcX,Y,Z. Chiu ca chng c xc nh theo quy tc bn tay phi, (theo quytc bn tay phi: ngn tay ci l trc X, ngn tay ch l trc Y ngn taygia l trc Z) (Hnh 2.1).

Hnh 2.1: Htrc ta theo qui tc bn tay phi.

Quy tc bn tay phi: Trc Z trng vi trc chnh ca my. Chiu dng ca trc Z (+Z) l dao

chy ra xa bmt gia cng, chiu m (- Z ) l chiu dao n su vo vt liu.

Trc X l trc vung gc vi trc Z. Chiu dng ca ca trc (+X) lchiu dao dch chuyn hng t tay tri sang tay phi, chiu m (- X) lchiu ngc li.

Trc Y l trc vung gc vi trc X v trc Z. Chiu dng ca trc Y l

chiu hng tctay n u ngn ch, chiu m l chiu ngc li.Ngoi ra nhng trung tm gia cng hin i c thc thm nhng trc sau:

+X

+Y

+Z

+Z

B

A

C

+Y

+X-X

-Y

-Z


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Trc A l trc quay quanh trc X.

Trc B l trc quay quanh trc Y.

Trc C l trc quay quanh trc Z.

Hnh 2.2:Trung tm gia cng trc ng

Hnh 2.3:Trung tm gia cng trc ngang.

Ch : Xc nh chiu m dng ca dng cct vi quy c l: Dng cctquay trn v thc hin chuyn ng tin, chi tit ng yn.

YX

Z

Z

Y

X


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Hnh 2.4: Htrc toca trung tm gia cng trc ng.

Hnh 2.5: Htrc toca trung tm gia cng trc ngang.

+Z

Bn myChi tit gia cng

Bn my

Chi tit gia cng

trc chnh

+Z

trc chnh

Chi tit gia cng

Bn my

Bn my

Chi tit gia cng A

A


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1.4.2.Cc im chun:

iu khin dao chuyn ng tnh tin to ra bin dng ca chi tit giacng, cn phi xc nh chnh xc toca tng im trn bin dng ca chitit gia cng. Nhvy, sau khi xc lp cc htrc ta vn tip theo l

phi gn htrc ta vo im gc khng ca phi so snh vi imgc toca my.

a) im gc ta ca my (im R):

im gc ta ca my l im chun cnh do nh chto xc lpngay tkhi thit kmy. L im chun xc nh v tr cc im gc khcnh gc toca chi tit W

i vi trung tm gia cng im gc R c chn l vtr cui hnh trnhca trc X, trc Y, trc Z.

Hnh 2.6: im gc toca my v khng gian lm vic ca my.

b) im gc toca chi tit (im W):

Khong cch nhnht t im cuica trc Z n mttrn ca bn my.

im gc toca my (R).

trc chnh

Z

Bn my

Khng gian lmvic ca my theotrc X, Y, Z.


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Hnh 2.7: Hthng gc toca chi tit tG54 n G59.

Hnh 2.8: Hthng gc toca chi tit.

X1;X2: Khong cch tgc my n gc khngca phi th nht v phith2 theo trc X. im gc to

ca my (R)Y

Gc 0 caphi 1 (G54)

Gc 0ca phi 4(G57)

Gc 0ca phi 2

(G55)

XGc 0

ca phi 3(G56)

Y1;Y2: Khong ccht gc my n gc

khng ca phi thnht v phi th2 theotrc Y.

Gc 0ca phi 5

(G58)

Gc 0ca phi 6

(G59)Bn my

V tr cui ca mtphng u trc chnh i

m gc to ca my (R)

Bn my

Gc 0ca phi 3

(G56)

Gc 0ca phi 2

(G55)

Gc 0ca phi 1

(G54)


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Trc khi lp trnh, ngi lp trnh phi chn im gc to im 0ca chitit, xut pht tim gc ny m xc nh to ca cc im trn bindng ca chi tit gia cng. Tutheo hnh dng cthca chi tit m la chnim gc khng ca chi tit cho ph hp, tnh ton ddng. Trn bn my catrung tm gia cng c thg nhiu phi ti a l 6 phi. im gc toca

phi thnht c xc nh bng G54, im gc toca phi thhai cxc nh bng G55 v n phi th6 l G59. Gi trtotheo phng X,Y vZ ca cc phi c khai bo trong bng: WORK OFFSET MEMORY.

Bng khai bo gc toca phi:

1.5. Lp t, bo qun bo dng my phay CNC

WORK OFFSET MEMORY

X Y Z

1. G54 - 200. - 100. -150.

2. G55 - 300. - 200. -200.

3. G56 ........... .......... ..........

4. G57 ........... .......... ..........

5. G58 ........... .......... ..........

6. G59 ........... .......... ..........


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Chng 2: LP TRNH PHAY CNCM 34 - 2

Mc tiu:+ Xc nh, ci t c n vo trong my CNC.+ So snh c chct khi phay my vn nng v phay CNC+ Phn bit c cc lnh htrv lnh ct gt c bn cng nh lnh chu trnh

trong phay CNC.

+ Lp c cc chng trnh ct gt cbn t c yu cu chi tit gia cng.+M phng, sa c chng trnh gia cng hp l.+ Rn luyn tnh k lut, kin tr, cn thn, nghim tc, chng v tch cc

sng to trong hc tp.

2.1. Ci t cc thng sc bn cho phn mm iu khin phay CNC

2.2. Cu trc chng trnh NC vit cho trung tm gia cng:

Chng trnh NC (Numerical Control) l ton bcc cu lnh cn thit gia cng hon chnh mt chi tit trn trung tm gia cng. Cu trc ca mtchng trnh NC c tiu chun ho theo tiu chun quc t (ISOCODE).

a. Tn chng trnh:

Tn chng trnh c bt u bng chci O, tip sau l 4 con st1n 9999. Khi lp chng trnh mi cc con si km theo chci O khngc trng vi cc con sca chng rnh c lp trc .

V d: O1; O12; O1234

Km theo tn chng trnh cn c cc ch thch, ch thch ny nhiu nht l

16 k t.V d: O0001 (Bai tap1);

b. Stht:

Trong chng trnh chnh c nhiu phn chng trnh, mi phn chngtrnh cha nhng thng tin gia cng cho mt dao. Phn chng trnh bao gicng bt u ts th tN v kt thc bng M01 (lnh tm dng chngtrnh).

Sthtc bt u bng chci N, tip sau l 5 con st1 n 99999.

V d: N1; N12; N123; N12345


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Km theo sthtc thc cc ch thch, ch thch ny nhiu nht l 16 kt.

V d: N100 (Phay);

c. Tlnh:L n vnhnht trong chng trnh NC. Tlnh bao gm hai phn: achv gi tr.

V d: X 50.

d. a ch:L cc a chm my cn phi thc hin.V d: X50. My iu khin dao n a chl trc X c tol 50mm.a chbao gm cc chci tA n Z.

e. Gi tr:

L cc con st0 n 9 lun lun i km vi cc chci a chc thc gi trm dng.

f. Cu lnh:

L mt dng lnh trong chng trnh, trong mt cu lnh c thc mthoc nhiu tlnh, cui mi cu lnh c du ;

V d: G54 G90 G00 X-50. Y50. ;

g. Phn chng trnh:

Trong chng trnh chnh c nhiu phn chng trnh, mi phn chng trnhcha nhng thng tin gia cng cho mt dao. Phn chng trnh bao gicng btu tsthtNv kt thc bng M01.

V d:

N200(Khoan);G90 G00 X0 Y0;

S500 M03;

G43 Z5. H02;

G73 Z-15. Q5. F120;

G80 G91 G00 G28 Z0 M05;

G49;T03;

M06;

M01;h. Chng trnh chnh:

a ch Gi tr

Tlnh


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L ton bnhng thng tin cn thit gia cng hon thin mt chi tittrn trung tm gia cng. Mt chng trnh chnh bao gicng bt u bng chci O (tn chng trnh) v kt thc bng M30.V d:

O0001 (Bai tap 1); ............. Tn chng trnh.

G91 G00 G28 Z0; ............. Vvtr thay dao.T01; .............. Gi dao s1.M06; .............. a dao s1 vo vtr lm vic.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

N100 (Phay); .............. Stht.G54 G90 G00 X-50. Y50. ; .............. Xc nhn gc 0 ca phi s1.S800 M03; .............. Mtrc chnh quay thun chiu (800

v/p).

G43 Z5. H01; .............. B dao theo chiu di.

Z-5.; .............. Dao di chuyn n toZ-5.G01 Y-50. F200; .............. Dao ct gt thng n toY-50.G00 Z5.; .............. Dao di chuyn nhanh n toZ5.G91 G28 Z0 M05; ............. Vvtr thay dao.G49; ............. Xo bb dao theo chiu di.T02; ..............Gi dao s2.M06; ..............a dao s2 vo vtr lm vic.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

N200 (Khoan); .............. Stht.G90 G00 X0 Y0; .............. Dao di chuyn nhanh n to

X0,Y0.

S500 M03; .............. Mtrc chnh quay thun chiu (500v/p).

G43 Z5. H02; .............. B dao theo chiu di.G73 Z-15. Q5. F120; .............. Chu trnh khoan.

G80 G91 G00 G28 Z0 M05; ..............Xo bchu trnh khoan. Vvtrthay dao.

G49; ............. Xo bb dao theo chiu di.T03; .............. Gi dao s3.

M06; .............. a dao s3 vo vtr lm vic.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

N300 (Ta ro); .............. Stht.......................;

......................;

......................;M30; .............. Kt thc chng trnh.

h. Chng trnh con:

L mt chng trnh ring bit khng thuc chng trnh chnh. Mc ch cachng trnh con l lp i lp li nhiu ln, gim vic phi vit nhng on


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chng trnh ging nhau trong chng trnh chnh. Mt chng trnh con baogicng bt u bng chciO v kt thc bng M99.V d:O100;G91 X32.5;

Y-65.;X-65.;

M99;

2.3. Lnh, cu lnh phay CNC

2.3.1. Ngn nglp trnh:Lp trnh gia cng trn trung tm gia cng hu ht sdng ngn ng lp trnhtheo tiu chun quc tISO CODE.

Bng cc lnh G v ngha ca cc lnh G.G Nhm ngha Kt qu

G00

01

Chy dao nhanh ncc vtr

Chy dao nhanh khng ct gt.

G01 Ni suy ng thng Dao ct gt thng

G02Ni suy cung trn cngchiu kim ng h

Dao ct gt theo cung trn cngchiu kim ng h

G03

Ni suy cung trnngc chiu kim ngh

Dao ct gt theo cung trn ngcchiu kim ng h

G0400

Lnh tr Tm dng vtr tc thiG10 Np cc dliu Thay i gi trb dao

G17

02

Xc nh mt phng giacng l mt phng XY

Ct gt trong mt phng XY

G18Xc nh mt phng giacng l mt phng XZ

Ct gt trong mt phng XZ

G19Xc nh mt phng giacng l mt phng YZ

Ct gt trong mt phng YZ

G27

00

Kim tra tng trckhi trvim R

Kim tra tng im R

G28T ng khi tr vim R

Tr v im gc to ca my(im R)

G29Tr v t im gcmy (tim R)

Tr v v tr ang ct gt t imgc my

G40

07

Bb bn knh dao Bchc nng b bn knh dao

G41B bn knh dao pha

tri

Dch dng chuyn dao sang trimt lng bng bn knh dao

G42 B bn knh dao phaphi

Dch dng chuyn dao sang phimt lng bng bn knh dao


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G4308

B chiu di dao dng B thm 1 lng bng chiu di daoG44 B chiu di dao m Tri1 lng bng chiu di dao

G45

00

B thm 1 ln gia sGia s t chn c b thm 1 lnvo chiu di dao (hoc bn knhdao)

G46 Tri 1 ln gia s Gia stchn c tri 1 ln vochiu di dao (hoc bn knh dao)

G47 B thm 2 ln gia sGia s t chn c b thm 2 lnvo chiu di dao (hoc bn knhdao)

G48 Tri 2 ln gia sGia stchn c tri 2 ln vochiu di dao (hoc bn knh dao)

G49 08 Bb chiu di daoB chc nng b chiu di dao(hoc bn knh dao)

G52

00

Di chuyn gc to ca phiDi chuyn gc toca phi mtlngX vY

G53La chn to camy

La chn to ca my nh mtim tham chiu vi gc tocamy

G54

12

La chn gc O caphi 1

To lp hthng gc O ca phi

G55La chn gc O ca

phi 2

G56 La chn gc O caphi 3

G57La chn gc O ca

phi 4

G58La chn gc O ca

phi 5

G59La chn gc O ca

phi 6

G65 00Gi chng trnh

MACROG66

12

Lp chng trnhMACRO

G67Hu b chng trnhMACRO

G73

09

Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan cnhG74 Chu trnh ta r ren tri Chu trnh ta r ren tri cnh

G76 Chu trnh khot l

Chu trnh khot lcnh tm dngtrc chnh y l, dao dch chuyn

mt lng khng chm vo bmt gia cng khi thot dao


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G80Hubchu trnh Hu b cc chu trnh t G73 n

G89

G81 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lsut cnhG82 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lkn cnhG83 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lsu cnh

G84 Chu trnh ta r ren phi Chu trnh ta r ren phi cnhG85 Chu trnh doa l Chu trnh doa lcnh

G86 Chu trnh khot lChu trnh khot lcnh dng trcchnh cui hnh trnh ct

G87Chu trnh khot lngc

Chu trnh khot lngc cnh

G88 Chu trnh khot lChu trnh khot lcnh bc tiniu khin bng tay

G89 Chu trnh khot lChu trnh khot lcnh tm dng

bc tin y lG90

03

o theo to tuyti

Cc gi tr c tnh theo to tuyt i

G91o theo to tngi

Cc gi tr c tnh theo to tng i

G92 00To lp im bt uca dao

To lp im bt u ca dao trongchng trnh

G98

10

Tr v im trc khithc hin chu trnh

Sau khi thc hin xong chu trnh trv im trc khi thc hin chu

trnh

G99

Tr v im la chn(im R) trc khi thchin chu trnh

Sau khi thc hin xong chu trnh trvim la chn (im R) trc khithc hin chu trnh

2.3.2. Lp trnh theo totng i v totuyt i:

a. Lp trnh theo totuyt i: G90L phng php o m tt c cc knh thc u so vi gc khng ca

phi.

V d: Dao di chuyn tim hin hnh n im ch (hnh 2.9) cu lnhc vit nh sau:G00(G01) G90X-5. Y5.;

b. Lp trnh theo totng i: G91L phng php o m kch thc c tnh tim hin hnh n im

ch.V d: Dao di chuyn tim hin hnh n im ch (hnh 2.9) cu lnh

c vit nh sau:G00(G01) G91X-15. Y-5.;


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Hnh 2.9

2.4. Chct khi phay CNC

2.5. Gii thiu cc lnh ct gt c bn phay CNC

2.5.1. Lnh chy dao nhanh khng ct gt: G00G00 l chc nng dao di chuyn nhanh khng ct gt tim hin hnh

n im ch.Cu trc cu lnh nh sau :G00 G90(G91) X ___ Y___ Z___ ;

V d:

To caim ch

Lnh chy daonhanh khng

ct gt

o theo to tuyt i hoctng i


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Hnh 2.10: Lnh G00

Sdng G00 trong cc trng hp sau:- Dao di chuyn nhanh t v tr thay dao n gn chi tit gia cng, khi gia

cng xong chy vvtr thay dao.

- G00 c sdng trong chng trnh khi cn di chuyn dao nhanh khngct tit kim thi gian gia cng.Ch :

Khi dao di chuyn nhanh tv tr thay dao n gn chi tit gia cng cnla chn ng i ca dao mt cch cn thn trnh va dao vo chi tit gia cnghoc cc chi tit khc, khong cch ca im ch cch chi tit gia cng ti thiul 10mm.

2.5.2.Lnh ni suy ng thng: G01G01 l chc nng dao di chuyn tim hin hnh n im ch theo ng

thng vi mt lng tin dao nht nh.Cu trc cu lnh nh sau :G01 G90(G91) X ___ Y___ Z ___ F ___ ;

im hin hnh im hin hnh im ch

im hin hnh

im ch

im hin hnh

im ch

G91 G00 X40. Y20.G91 G00 Y30.G91 G00 X30.

G91 G00 X20. Y30. Z35.;


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V d:

Hnh 2.11

Bi tp:Bi tp 1: Vit cc lnh G00 dao di chuyn theo cc ng ct sau (hnh2.12)

Hnh 2.12

(G54)

0

Y

X

P1

P2 P3

P4

P5

P620

40

60

80

80604020 100

(G54)

+20

+60

+40

+20

Y

+40 +60 +80

X

P3

P1

P2

P0

Lnh ctgt thng

Bc tinmm/pht

To caim ch

+ o theo to tuyt i: G90P1P2: G01 Y80. F120;

P2P3: X60.;

P3P4: X100. Y50.;

P4P5: Y30.;

P5P6: X50. Y20.;+ o theo totng i: G91P1P2: G01 Y50. F120

P2P3: X30.;P3P4: X40. Y-30.;

P4P5: Y-20.;

P5P6: X-50. Y-10.;


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Bi tp 2: Vit cc lnh G01 dao di chuyn theo cc ng ct sau (hnh2.13)

Hnh 2.13

Bi tp 3: Vit cc lnh G01 dao di chuyn theo cc ng ct sau (hnh2.14)

Hnh 2.14

Ch :Nu vit trong chng trnh:

X1 = 0,001 mmX1.= 1 mm

52

25

P1

Po20

P5

Y

6

P2

P4P3

24

10

X

25

Po

520P6

Y

2

3

P1

P2

P5

X

23

P4

P3

11

34


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Nu qun khng vit du chm thp phn sau cc gi trcn thit my stnh theo n v l m. My khng nhn c li ny cho nn my vn thchin chng trnh bnh thng dn n sai hng chi tit v c thph hng my.

2.5.3.

Lnh xc nh mt phng gia cng: G17,G18,G19:

Hnh 2.15: Xc nh mt phng gia cng trn trung tm gia cng.

Xc nh mt phng gia cng l chc nng la chn mt phng giacng trn my. Vic ny rt cn thit khi ct cung trn, khi khoan, b dao... Trntrung gia cng c 3 mt phng gia cng l mt phng XOY, XOZ, YOZ. Tutheo trung tm gia cng trc ng hay trung tm gia cng trc ngang m lachn mt phng gia cng cho ph hp. Xc nh mt phng gia cng bng G17;G18; G19:

G17Xc nh mt phng gia cng l mt phng XOY(hnh 2.15);G18Xc nh mt phng gia cng l mt phng XOZ;

G19Xc nh mt phng gia cng l mt phng YOZ;

Mt phng XOY l mt phng nhn t chiu dng ca trc Z nhn vgcto, t xc nh G02 l lnh ct cung trn cng chiu kim ng hG03 llnh ct cung trn ngc chiu kim ng h.

Mt phng XOZ l mt phng nhn t chiu dng ca trc Y nhn vgcto, t xc nh G02 l lnh ct cung trn cng chiu kim ng hG03 llnh ct cung trn ngc chiu kim ng h.

Mt phng YOZ l mt phng nhn t chiu dng ca trc X nhn vgcto, t xc nh G02 l lnh ct cung trn cng chiu kim ng hG03 l

lnh ct cung trn ngc chiu kim ng h.

Du chm thp phn


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2.5.4.Lnh ni suy cung trn: G02,G03G02,G03 l chc nng dao di chuyn t im hin hnh n im ch theocung trn vi mt lng tin dao nht nh.

G02 dao di chuyn theo hng cng chiu kim ng h.

G03 dao di chuyn theo hng ngc chiu kim ng h.

Hnh 2.16

Lnh ni suy cung trn c 2 cch vit:+Cch 1: Vit theo bn knh R.+Cch 2: Vit theo ta tm cung trn I, J, K so vi im u cung trn

I: ta tm cung trn so vi im u cung trng theo phng XJ: ta tm cung trn so vi im u cung trng theo phng YK: ta tm cung trn so vi im u cung trng theo phng Z

Cu trc cu lnh (hnh 2.17):

X ___ Y___ F ___ ;

Ta tm cung trn so viim u cung trn theo 2phng X v Y

I ___ J ___

R ___

G02

G03

To im ch

Lnh ni suycung trn

Bn knhcung trn

Bc tin


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Hnh 2.17: G03(G02) vit theo thng sI,J.(G17 G03 X ___ Y ___ I ___ J ___ F ___ ;)

Hnh 2.18: G03(G02) vit theo R.(G17 G03 X ___ Y ___ R ___ F ___ ;)

Trong mt phng XOZ mu cu lnh nh sau (hnh 2.18; hnh 2.19):

G18 X ___ Z ___ F ___ ;

im ucung trn

im cui cung trn(im ch) X,Y

Tm cung

trn

im u cungtrn

im cui cung trn(im ch) X,Y

Tm cung

trn

Ta tm cung trn so viim u cung trn theo 2

phng X v Z

I ___ K ___

R ___

G02

G03


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Hnh 2.21: G03(G02) vit theo thng sJ,K.(G19 G03 Y ___ Z ___ J ___ K ___ F ___ ;)

Hnh 2.22: G03(G02) vit theo R.

(G19 G03 Y ___ Z ___ R ___ F ___ ;)

V d: (hnh 2.23)

im ucung trn

im cui cung trn(im ch) Y,Z

Tm cung

trn

im cui cung trn(im ch) Y,Z

im ucung trn

Tm cung

trn


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Hnh 2.23

Ch :Trng hp ct cung trn A: Ct cung trn c gc chn cung 180


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+ Ct ng trn 360 cng chiu kim ng h, im bt u ct ca cungtrn l im A:

(G17 G90 G54)

G02 I-30.F120;+ Ct ng trn 360 ngc chiu kim ng h, im bt u ct ca

cung trn l im B:(G17 G90 G54)G03 J30.F120;

Hnh 2.25

Bi tp:Bi tp 1: Vit cc lnh dao di chuyn theo cc ng ct sau:

Tim 123 (hnh 2.26).

Hnh 2.26

Bi tp 2: Vit cc lnh dao di chuyn theo hng mi tn cc ng ctsau:

Tm ngtrn

Tm ngtrn


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Tim AP(ng trn) PB (hnh 2.27).

Hnh 2.27

Bi tp 3: Vit cc lnh dao di chuyn theo cc ng ct sau: (hnh 2.28)

Hnh 2.28

imbt uca dao


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2.5.5.Lnh tr: G04G04 l chc nng dao tm dng chuyn ng tin ti v tr tc thi mt

thi gian no ct phng y l. Thi gian dng ti thiu dao quay ct1 vng trln ct phng y l.

Cu trc cu lnh nh sau :

G04 ;

Thi gian tri theo X c tnh bng giy (s) v phi c du chm thp phn

sau gi trca X, thi gian tr i theo P c tnh bng micro giy (s):G04 X1.; Thi gian trl 1 giy.G04 P100; Thi gian trl 0,1 giy.

Thi gian trc tnh theo cng thc sau:

Trong cng thc trn n l s vng quay ca trc chnh. Thi gian tr trongchng trnh c chn ln hn thi gian tnh trong cng thc trn dao quay

c hn 1 vng ct phng yl.V d: (hnh 2.29)

Vi tc trc chnh chn trong chng trnh bng 500 vng /pht, p dngcng thc ta c:

T = = 0,12 (s)

Vy chn thi gian trbng 0,15 giy.

Hnh 2.29

X ___

P ___

Lnh trThi giantr(giy)

60

500

+o theo totuyt i: G90S500;G00 Z2.;G01 Z-10. F100;G04 X0.15.;

G00 Z22.;+o theo totng i: G91..S500;G00 Z-20.;

G01 Z-12. F100;G04 P150;G00 Z32.;

Dao khot


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2.6. Gii thiu cc lnh htrphay CNC

2.6.1.

Cc chc nng phBng cc lnh M v ngha ca cc lnh M.

M ngha Chc nng

M00Tm dng bc cngngh

Chc nng ny tm dng bc cng ngh.Khi M00 c thc hin th trc chnh sc dng, dung dch trn ngui sctt, chng trnh tm dng, mun tip tcchy chng trnh bm nt START.

M01Tm dng bc cngngh

Chc nng ny tm dng bc cng ngh,ging M00 khi n nt OPTIONALSTOPsng, nu n ny tt th lnh M01

bbqua.

M02 Kt thc chng trnhLnh ny c dng cui chng trnh,khi gp lnh ny tt ccc hot ng camy u c dng

M30 Kt thc chng trnh

Lnh ny c dng cui chng trnhging nh lnh M02. Khi M30 c thchin th tt ccc hot ng ca my uc dng, con tr tr v u chngtrnh.

M03 M trc chnh quaythun chiu

Mtrc chnh quay thun chiu ct gt.

M04M trc chnh quayngc chiu

Mtrc chnh quay ngc chiu ct gt.

M05 Dng trc chnh Dng chuyn ng quay ca trc chnh.

M06 Thay daoThay dao t ng t tch dao vo trcchnh.

M08 Mdung dch trn ngui Phun dung dch trn ngui vo vng ct.

M09 Tt dung dch trn ngui Tt dung dch trn ngui.

M19Dng trc chnh v trc bit

Dng trc chnh mt gc no .

M21 i xng qua trc X Dao ct vtr i xng qua trc X.

M22 i xng qua trc Y Dao ct vtr i xng qua trc Y.

M23 Hublnh i xngHub lnh i xng qua trc X v trcY.

M48 Hublnh M49 Hubchc nng ca lnh M49.

M49 Hu b chc nng tng Hubchc nng tng gim bc tin t


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gim bc tin nm vn ca bng iu khin, bc tinc thc hin theo bc tin trongchng trnh.

M57 ng k sthtdao ng k sthtdao trong tch dao.

M98 Gi chng trnh con Gi chng trnh con vo gia cng

M99Kt thc chng trnhcon

Kt thc chng trnh con v tr vchng trnh chnh.

2.6.2.

Chc nng chn svng quay trc chnh: SChc nng chn svng quay trc chnh l chc nng cnh s vng

quay trc chnh tnh theo n vvng/pht. Mu cu lnh nh sau:S..

V d: S500 Svng quay trc chnh l 500 vng /pht.Svng quay trc chnh c chn theo tc ct ca vt liu lm dao

v c tnh theo cng thc sau:

n = (vng/pht)

n: tc quay ca trc chnh.V: tc ct (m/pht).D: ng knh dao (mm).

2.6.3.

Chc nng chn dao: TChc nng chn dao T l chc nng chn dao vo vtr chun bthay dao

trong tch dao. Mu cu lnh nh sau:

T

V d:O0001 (Bi tp 1); ............. Tn chng trnh.

G91 G00 G28 Z0; ............. Vvtr thay dao.T01; ............ Gi dao s1 vo vtr chun bthay dao.M06; .............. a dao s1 vo trc chnh.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

N100 (Phay); .............. Stht.G54 G90 G00 X-50. Y50. ; .............. Xc nhn gc 0 ca phi s1.S800M03; ........... Mtrc chnh quay thun chiu (800 v/p)G91 G28 Z0 M05; ............. Vvtr thay dao.G49; ............. Xo bb dao theo chiu di.

T02; ..............Gi dao s2 vo vtr chun bthay dao.M06; ..............a dao s2 vo trc chnh.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

1000.V

D

Nhiu nht l 2 con s km theo(t0199)

Chc nngchn dao


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N200 (Khoan); ............... Stht.G90 G00 X0 Y0; .......... Dao di chuyn nhanh n toX0,Y0.S500M03; ........... Mtrc chnh quay thun chiu (500 v/p).G43 Z5. H02; .............. B dao theo chiu di.G73 Z-15. Q5. F120; .............. Chu trnh khoan.

G80 G91 G00 G28 Z0 M05; .......... Xo bchu trnh khoan. Vvtr thay dao.G49; ............. Xo bb dao theo chiu di.T03; ..............Gi dao s3 vo vtr chun bthay dao.M06; .............. a dao s3 vo trc chnh.M01; .............. Tm dng chng trnh.

N300 (Ta r); .............. Stht.M30; .............. Kt thc chng trnh.

2.6.4.Chc nng tng trvim gc thng qua 1 im trung gian: G28

Chc nng tng trvim gc G28 l chc nng tng trvim gcta tham chiu ca my thng qua mt im trung gian.Cu trc cu lnh nh sau:

G28 X ___ Y___ Z ___ ;

V d:Dao ang im hin hnh nh hnh v, mun trvim gc totham chiu ca my c hai cch vit:Cho dao i qua im trung gian c toX=300; Y=250, sau trvimgc toca my cch vit nh sau: (hnh 2.30)+o theo totuyt i: G90

G90 G54 G28 X300. Y250.;+o theo totng i: G91

G91 G28 X100. Y150.;

To ca imtrung giantrc khi tr vim gc

Lnh t ngtr v imgc


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Hnh 2.30

Dao i thng tim hin hnh vim gc toca my cch vit nh sau(hnh 2.31):

G91 G28 X0 Y0;

Hnh 2.31

Ch :Chc nng tng trvim gc G28 thng sdng a dao vtrvvtr thay dao. vtr thay dao dao sc thay tng bng tay my. Vi trungtm gia cng trc ng mu cu lnh nh sau:

G91 G00 G28 Z0;Vi trung tm gia cng trc ngang mu cu lnh nh sau:

G91 G00 G28 X0 Y0;

im gc toca my (R).

im trung giantrc khi tr vim R.

im hin hnh

im gc toca my (R).

im hin hnh(ng thi l imtrung gian)


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2.6.5. Chc nng b bn knh daoa. Chc nng b bn knh dao:G41;G42

G41 tng b bn knh dao sang pha tri ng ct ca dao. G42 tng b bn knh dao sang pha phi ng ct ca dao.

Cu trc cu lnh nh sau:

G17 X ___ Y___ D ___ ( F ___ ) ;

Ch :

Gi trb ca dao khai bo trong my l bn knh dao hin hnh. Shiu b bn knh dao D trong chng trnh phi ng vi a chkhaibo bn knh trong my.

V d: ng knh dao hin hnh l 20 th gi trb ca dao khai bo trong bnggi trb dao ca my l 10.Trong hnh 2.32:

Shiu D01 c gn dao 10 (tc R5) Shiu D02 c gn dao 20 (tc 10)

Hnh 2.32

G41

G42

G00

G01

Lnh b bnknh dao

Shiu b bnknh dao


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Hnh 2.33: ng dch chuyn ca tm dao khi b

Hnh 2.34: Hng b ca G41 v G42

Ch :Trc hoc trong cu lnh b bn knh dao phi c lnh la chn mt phng

gia cng: G17 (G18; G19).Trong cu lnh u tin ca chc nng b bn knh dao chc dng G00;

G01, nu dng G02; G03 my skhng thc hin c.

b. Chc nng bb bn knh mi dao:G40

G17 G40 X ___ Y___ ( F ___ ) ;

ng dchchuyn catm dao

Dao

Hng b

dao

Lng b bngbn knh dao

Lng b bngbn knh dao

B dao sang phaphi ng ct cadao: G42

B dao sang phatri ng ct cadao: G41

G00

G01

Lnh bb bn

knh dao


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V d:

Hnh 2.35: V db bn knh dao

O: G17 G90 G00 X0 Y0 S400; La chn mt phng gia cng G17O P1: G41 G00 X30. Y15. D01 M03; B pha tri ng ct ca dao G41

P1 P2: G01 Y65. F150;

P2 P3: X50.

P3 P4: G02 X70. Y45. I20.; Cc cu lnh thc hinviG41P4 P5: G01 Y25.;

P5 P6: X20.;

P6 O: G40 G00 X0 Y0 M05; B b bn knh daoCh :

Trong cc cu lnh ang thc hin chc nng b bn knh dao phi lun lunc gi trca X hoc Y. Nu hai cu lnh lin nhau no khng c gi trXhoc Y th my stng bb dao.

Bi tp:Bi tp1: Vit chng trnh cho ng i ca dao nhhnh 2.36

Hnh 2.36


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TT Yu cu Chng trnh1 Tn chng trnh:5052 Mt phng gia cng X,Y.o theo to

tuyt i.Tc trc chnh 500

v/p. Dao di chuyn n toX0;Y0.3 Dao di chuyn n to cch mt

trn ca chi tit 5mm. M trc chnhquay thun chiu.

4 B dao sang pha tri ng ct cadao. Shiu b bn knh dao 01. Daodi chuyn n im A.

5 Mt y dao di chuyn qu mt yphi 2mm. Mdung dch trn ngui.

6 Dao ct thng tA n B. Bc tin120 mm/ph.7 Dao ct cung trn tB n C.8 Dao ct thng tC n D.9 Dao ct thng tD n E.10 Dao ct cung trn tE n F.11 Dao ct thng tF n G.12 Dao di chuyn n to cch mt

trn ca chi tit 5mm. Tt dung dch

trn ngui13 B b bn knh dao. Tr v to X0; Y0. Dng trc chnh

14 Tng trvim R ca trc Z.15 Kt thc chng trnh.Bi tp 2: Vit chng trnh cho ng i ca dao nhhnh 2.37

Hnh 2.37


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TT Yu cu Chng trnh1 Tn chng trnh:5062 Mt phng gia cng X,Y.o theo to

tuyt i.Tc trc chnh 300v/p. Dao di chuyn n toX0;Y0.

3 Dao di chuyn n to cch mttrn ca chi tit 5mm. M trc chnhquay thun chiu.

4 Mt y dao di chuyn qu mt yphi 2mm. Mdung dch trn ngui.

5 B dao sang pha tri ng ct cadao. Shiu b bn knh dao 02. Daoct tim O n im A. Bc tin120 mm/ph.

6 Dao ct cung trn tA n B.7 Dao ct cung trn tB n B.8 Dao ct cung trn tB n C.9 Dao di chuyn tC n O. Bb bn

knh dao.

10 Dao di chuyn n to cch mttrn ca chi tit 5mm. Tt dung dchtrn ngui

11 T ng tr v im R ca trc Z.

Dng trc chnh.12 Kt thc chng trnh.

2.6.6.Chc nng b chiu di daoa. Chc nng b chiu di dao:G43;G44G43; G44 l chc nng tng b chiu di dao:

G43 tng b chiu di dng.

G44 tng b chiu di dao m.Cu trc cu lnh nh sau:

Z ___ H___ ;

Shiu b chiu di dao H phi ph hp vi chiu di dao thc. Gi trb cadao c o thc ttrn dao sau c np vo bng gi trb chiu di daoca my.

G43

G44

Lnh b chiudi dao

S hiu bchiu di dao


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Hnh 2.38: V db chiu di dao G43

Hnh 2.39: V db chiu di dao G44

b. Chc nng bb chiu di dao:G49

Cu trc cu lnh: G49 Z ___ ;Vi lnh G43 gi tr b s c cng vo lng dch chuyn theo phng Z(hnh 2.38). Vi lnh G44 lng dch chuyn theo phng Z tr i gi tr b(hnh 2.39). Vi lnh G49 cc gi trb sc loi b.

G91 G00 G43 Z-150. H01;

Lnh dch chuyn (Z): -150.Lng b chiu di dao (H01): 25.

Lng di chuyn thc t(A): -125.

G91 G00 G44 Z-150. H02;

Lnh dch chuyn (Z): -150.Lng b chiudi dao (H02): 25.Lng di chuyn thc t(B): -175.


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Hnh 2.40: V db chiu di dao sdng G43.

Hnh 2.40.1Trong hnh

Shiu H5 c gi trb 20 Shiu H6 c gi trb 30

2.6.7.V dtng hp:Vit chng trnh cho ng i ca dao nh hnh di

im Rca my

Lng dichuyn thct ca dao

Khong cchtgc 0caphi nim R camy

Lng dch chuyntheo cu lnh trong ch-ng trnh

Lng b chiudi daoGc khngca phi

G54 G90 G00 G43 Z5. H01 (H02);


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Hnh 2.41: ng dch chuyn ca dao trong mt phng X; Y

Hnh 2.42: ng dch chuyn ca dao trong mt phng X; Z

O0110 (Vi du 2);G91 G00 G28 Z0;

T01;M06;

M01;

im bt uca dao

V tr trc khidao tr v v trthay dao


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N100 (Phay mt phng);(1) G54 G90 G00 X70. Y-45. ;

S800 M03;

(2) G43Z5. H01;(3) Z0;

(4) G01 X-310. F200 M08;(5) G00 Y-135.;

(6) G01 X70.;

(7) G01 X70. F200;(8) G00 Z200.;

(9) X150. Y200. M09;

G91 G28 Z0 M05;

G49;T02;

M06;M01;

N200 (Phay bng dao phay ngn);(10) G90 G00 X20. Y20.;

S500 M03;

(11) G43Z5. H02;(12) G01 Z-32. F200 M08;

(13) G17 G41X0 Y10. D03;(14) Y-120.;

(15) X-120. Y-180.;(16) X-240.;

(17) Y-90.;

(18) G02 X-150. Y0. R90.;

(19) G01 X10.;

(20) G00 Z5. M09;

(21) G40X20. Y20.;(22) G00 Z200.(23) X150. Y200.;

G91 G28 Z0 M05;

G49;M30;


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2.7. Chu trnh gia cng:

Chu trnh gia cng l chu trnh tng c vit trong mt cu lnh nh chutrnh khoan l, chu trnh ta r ren, chu trnh khot lCc loi chu trnh:

Cc im trong chu trnh:

G ngha Kt quG73 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan cnhG74 Chu trnh ta r ren tri Chu trnh ta r ren tri cnh

G76 Chu trnh khot l

Chu trnh khot lcnh tm dng trcchnh y l, dao dch chuyn mt l-ng khng chm vo b mt giacng khi thot dao

G80 Hubchu trnh Hubcc chu trnh tG73 n G89G81 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lsut cnhG82 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lkn cnhG83 Chu trnh khoan Chu trnh khoan lsu cnhG84 Chu trnh ta r ren phi Chu trnh ta r ren phi cnhG85 Chu trnh doa l Chu trnh doa lcnh

G86 Chu trnh khot lChu trnh khot l c nh dng trcchnh cui hnh trnh ct

G87Chu trnh khot lngc

Chu trnh khot lngc cnh

G88 Chu trnh khot l

Chu trnh khot l c nh bc tin

iu khin bng tay

G89 Chu trnh khot lChu trnh khot lcnh tm dng b-c tin y l

G98Tr v im trc khithc hin chu trnh

Sau khi thc hin xong chu trnh trvim trc khi thc hin chu trnh

G99Tr v im la chn(im R) trc khi thchin chu trnh

Sau khi thc hin xong chu trnh trvim la chn (im R) trc khi thchin chu trnh


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Hnh 2.43im R: cao an ton, im bt u gia cngim R v Z trong cu lnh o theo ta tuyt i khc im R v Z trong culnh o theo ta tng i: hnh 2.44

Hnh 2.44: im R v Z theo G90 v G91

Vic li dao c th l vcao an ton hay cao xut pht ty vo vic sdng G98 hay G99 (hnh 2.45)

Di chuyn1: Di chuyn n to X;YDi chuyn 2: Di chuyn nhanh n

im R

Di chuyn 3: KhoanDi chuyn 4: Di chuyn y lDi chuyn 5: Trvim RDi chuyn 6: Di chuyn nhanh vimtrc khi thc hin chu trnh

im Z

im R

im trckhi thc hinchu trnh


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Hnh 2.45:

Cu trc cu lnh ca chu trnh:

G X ___ Y___ Z __R __Q __P__F L(K) ___;

G98: trvim cao xut phtTrvim R (cao an ton)G : lnh la chn chu trnh.X; Y; Z: toca lgia cng.R: cao an ton R.Q: chiu su ca mi ln ct sau dng li bphoi, hoc lng dch chuynca dao dao khng chm vo bmt gia cng khi thot dao.P: thi gian dng li y l(thi gian tr).F: bc tin.L(K): sln lp.



Tr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh

(G98)Tr v im R

G99

im Rim R

G98

G99

G90

G91


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Hnh a Hnh bHnh 2.46: chiu su q ca mi ln ct sau dng li bphoi (hnh a),

hoc lng dch chuyn ca dao dao khng chm vo bmt gia cng khi

thot dao (hnh b).

Hnh 2.47: Chu trnh c lp 4 ln

Lnh hubchu trnh:Chu trnh c hy bbi lnh G80 v cng bhy bbi cc lnh: G00; G01;

G02; G03. Mu cu lnh nh sau:G80 X ___ Y___ Z ___;2.7.1.

Chu trnh khoan: G73

Chu trnh khoan G73 l chu trnh m sau mi chiu su q ca mi ln ct sau li li mt lng d = 0.1mm bphoi.

Mu cu lnh nh sau:G73 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ Q ___ F ___ ;

G73 (G98) G73 (G99)

L 4

(G91) G .. X10. Y8. L4(K4);im hinhnh cadao

L3

L 2

L1


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2.7.2.

Chu trnh khot l: G76Chu trnh khot lG76 l chu trnh khot tinh lsut, dng trc chnh y lthi gian dng l P, dao dch chuyn sang ngang mt lng (q) i din vi midao mi dao khng chm vo bmt gia cng khi thot dao.

Cu trc lnh nhsau:G76 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ Q ___ P ___ F ___ ;

2.7.3.

Chu trnh khoan: G81Chu trnh khoan G81 l chu trnh khoan l sut khi gia cng xong dao tr vim R hoc im trc khi thc hin chu trnh bng G00.

G76 (G98) G76 (G99)

Gia cng xongtr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im Zim Z

Gia cng xongtr v im R(G99)

Gia cng xongtr v imTrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im Z

im tmdng

im R

im tmdng

im R

im Z



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Cu trc lnh nhsau:G81 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ F ___ ;

2.7.4.

Chu trnh khoan: G82

Chu trnh khoan G82 l chu trnh khoan lkn, tm dng bc tin y lvithi gian P. Khi gia cng xong dao trvim R hoc im trc khi thc hinchu trnh bng G00.

Cu trc cu lnh nhsau:G82 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ P ___ F ___ ;

2.7.5.Chu trnh khoan: G83

Chu trnh khoan G83 l chu trnh khoan lsu m sau mi chiu su Q ca miln ct sau dao li ln khi bmt chi tit gia cng thot phoi.

Cu trc cu lnh nhsau:

G81 (G98) G81 (G99)

G82 (G98) G82 (G99)

Gia cng xongtr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im Z

im Rim R

im Z


Gia cng xongtr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)im R

im Z

im tmdng bctin

im Z

im tmdng bctin

im R



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G83 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ Q ___ F ___ ;

2.7.6.

Chu trnh ta r ren phi: G84Chu trnh ta r ren phi G84 l chu trnh m trc chnh o chiu quay y lrt dao ln.

Cu trc cu lnh nhsau:G84 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ F ___ ;Trong chu trnh ny im R chn cch bmt chi tit gia cng ln hn

hoc bng 7mm. Bc tin chn ph hp vi bc ren theo cng thc sau:F = S P

Trong :F: bc tin trong chng trnh.S: svng quay ca trc chnh.P: bc ren.

G83 (G98) G83 (G99)

G84 (G98) G84 (G99)

Gia cng xongtr v imTrc khi thc

hin chu trnh(G98)

im Z

im R

im Z

Gia cng xong

tr v im R(G99)

im R


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2.7.7.Chu trnh doa l: G85Chu trnh doa lG85 l chu trnh m dao ct ht chiu su ca lrt dao

ln khi lbng G01.Cu trc cu lnh nhsau:

G85 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ F ___ ;

2.7.8.Chu trnh khot l: G86Chu trnh kht lG86 l chu trnh m dao ct ht chiu su ca l dng trcchnh rt dao ln bng G00.

Cu trc cu lnh nhsau:

G85 (G98) G85 (G99)

Gia cng xong

tr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im R

im Z

o chiuquay ca trcchnh

Gia cng xong

tr v im R(G99)

im R

im Z

o chiuquay ca trcchnh

Gia cng xong

tr v imtrc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im Z

im Rim R


im Z


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G86 X ___ Y___ Z ___ R ___ F ___ ;

Ch khi sdng chu trnh:Trc khi thc hin chu trnh trc chnh c mbng lnh M03. Nu trc

chnh dng chu trnh sc thc hin sau lnh M03 hoc lnh M04.Trong khi thc hin chu trnh nu trong cu lnh no khng c gi trto

X; Y; Z hoc X trong cu lnh ca G04 th chu trnh skhng c thchin.

Trong chu trnh ang sdng G99 (dao trvim R) th kt thc chu trnhdao vn trvim R.Trong cu lnh thc hin chu trnh dao di chuyn theo toX; Y bng G00.Khng c a cc lnh G00; G01; G02; G03 vo sau cu lnh thc hin chutrnh. Nu a vo chu trnh skhng c thc hin.

V d1: :Lp chng trnh khoan ltheo thtnh hnh 2.48

G86 (G98) G86 (G99)

Gia cng xongtr v im

trc khi thchin chu trnh(G98)

im R

im Z

Dng trcchnh

Gia cng xongtr v im R(G99)im R

im Z

Dng trcchnh

V d:G00 X ___ ;

G81 X ___Y___ Z ___ R ___ P___ F ___ L ___ ; .....Thc hin chu trnh; ....... ...........................................................................Khng thc hin chu trnh

F ___ ; ...... ........................................................................Khng thc hin chu trnhM ___ ; ..........................................................................Khng thc hin chu trnhG04 X ___ ; ........................................................................Khng thc hin chu trnh


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Hnh 2.48

Lp trnh theo totuyt i: (G90)G90 G54 G00 S200 M03;

(L1) G99 G73X10. Y-10. Z-25. R5. Q5. F150;(L2) Y20.;(L3) X20. Y10.;(L4) X30.;(L5) G98 X40. Y30.;

G80X0 Y0 M05;

Lp trnh theo totng i: (G91)G91 G00 S200 M03;

(L1) G99 G73X10. Y-10. Z-30. R95. Q5. F150;(L2) Y30.;(L3) X10. Y-10.;(L4) X10.;(L 5) G98 X10. Y20.;

G80X-40. Y-30. M05;

V d2: Lp chng trnh khoan 4 lnh hnh 2.49


im R

L5

L4L3

L2

L1

im btu cadao


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Hnh 2.49

o theo totng i: (G91)G91 G00 S200 M03;

G99 G73X20. Y30. Z-30. R95. Q5. F150;X20. Y10. L3;

G80Z95.X-80. Y-60. M05;

V d3:Lp chng trnh khoan 4 ltheo tht1,2,3,4 (hnh 2.50)

Hnh 2.50

V d 1: Lp chng trnh khoan 300 l theo 3 hng mi hng 100 lng knh 3mm, phi dy 10mm (hnh 2.51)

L3

L1L2

L4

im R


im btu cadao

O123;

G91 G28 G00 Z0;

T01;

M06;

G90 G54 G00 X-40. Y0 Z100. S600 M03;

Z5.;

(L1) G99 G73 Z-35. R-10. Q5. F150;(L2) G98Y-40.;(L 3) X0.R5.;

(L4) Y0.;G80 M05;

G91 G28 G00 Z0;

T99;

M06;

M30;


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Hnh 2.51

O125;

G91 G28 G00 Z0;T01;

M06;

G90 G54 G00 X-300. Y50. Z100. S600 M03;

Z5.;

G99 G83 Z-12. Q2. F100 R3.;

G91 X10. L99;

G90 X-300. Y0;

G91 X10. L99;

Y-50.;X-10. L99;

G80 G28 G00 Z0 M05;

T99;

M06;

M30;

Bi tp: Lp chng trnh gia cng chi tit nhhnh v. Gm c cc bc:khoan 8.5, vt mp, ta r M10.

Dao Tn dao T.ct Bc tin

T01 Khoan 8.5 20m/p 0.2mm/vg

T02 Vt mp 12m/p 0.2mm/vg

T03 Ta r M10 8m/p


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Hnh 2.52

2.7.9.Chng trnh chnh v chngtrnh con:Chng trnh c thchia thnh hai loi: chng trnh chnh v chng trnh con.

Chng trnh gc l chng trnh chnh, chng trnh c iu khin bichng trnh chnh gi l chng trnh con.

a.Chng trnh con:

L mt chng trnh ring bit khng thuc chng trnh chnh. Mc ch cachng trnh con l lp i lp li nhiu ln, gim vic phi vit nhng onchng trnh ging nhau trong chng trnh chnh. Mt chng trnh con baogicng bt u bng chci O v kt thc bng M99.

V d:O100;G91 X30.;

Y-60.;

X-60.;

Y60.;

M99;Mu cu lnh kt thc chng trnh con: M99 P___ ;V d: M99 P41;M99: kt thc chng trnh conP41: kt thc chng trnh con v trvthc hin tip cu lnh N41.

Nu trong cu lnh M99 khng c P___ ; th khi kt thc chng trnh con trvthc hin cu lnh tip theo sau cu lnh M98.

im Z

im R


im thaydao


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b.Mu cu lnh gi chng trnh con vo gia cng:

Chng trnh con c gi vo gia cng bng lnh M98. Mu cu lnh nhsau:

M98 P ___ L ___ ;

M98 P ___;

P: tn chng trnh conL: sln lp

Nu khng c L trong cu lnh gi chng trnh con M98 th chng trnh conc lp mt ln.

Hnh 2.53: cu trc chng trnh chnh v chng trnh con

Chngtrnh

chnh

Thc hin xong 2 lnchng trnh con trvcu lnh tip theo

Thc hin xongchng trnh con trvcu lnh s12

Chngtrnh

con

Chngtrnh

con

O202;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;M99;

O201;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;M99 P12;

O200;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

M98 P201;

.....................;

.....................;

N12 .............;.....................;

.....................;

M98 P202 L2;

.....................;

.....................;

.....................;

N14 .............;

.....................;

.....................;

M30;


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Hnh 2.54: Chng trnh con c gi 4 ln

V d 1: Lp chng trnh gia cng chi tit nh hnh v bng dao phayngn (hnh 2.55)

Hnh 2.55

Chng trnhcon

Chng trnhcon

Chng trnhcon

Chng trnhcon

O003;................;................;................;M98 P004;................;

................;

................;

................;

................;M99;

O002;................;................;................;M98 P003;................;

................;

................;

................;

................;M99;

O005;................;................;................;................;................;

................;

................;

................;

................;M99;

O001;................;................;

................;M98 P002;................;

................;

................;

................;

................;M30;

Chng trnhchnh

O004;................;................;................;

M98 P005;................;................;

................;

................;

................;

M99;

im bt uca dao


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Hnh 2.56

Lp trnh theo totuyt i :

im bt uca dao

im Z


im R

im thaydao


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O0005 (Chng trnh chnh);

G17 G90 G54;

N201 T01 M06 (khoan);

S500 M03;

G43 G00 Z100. H01 M08;

G98 G81 X0 Y0 Z-25. R3. F200;

M98 P50;

M01;

G90G54 ;

T02 M06;

S200 M03;

G43 G00 Z100. H02 M08;

G98 G84 X0 Y0 Z-25. R10. F300.;

M98 P50;

M30;

O050 (Chng trnh con);X-100.;

Y-50.;

X0;

G80 G00 Z100. M09;

G91 G28 Z0 M05;

(M49);G28 X0 Y0;

M99;

Bi tp:Lp chng trnh gia cng chi tit nhhnh vphay 4 lbng daophay ngn (hnh 2.57)


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Chng 3: VN HNH MY PHAY CNCM 34 3

Mc tiu:+ Trnh by c tnh nng, cu to ca my phay CNC, cc bphn my v

cc phtng km theo my+ Trnh by c quy trnh thao tc vn hnh my phay CNC.+ Vn hnh thnh tho my phay CNC ng quy trnh, quy phm m bo an

ton tuyt i cho ngi v my.+ Rn luyn tnh k lut, kin tr, cn thn, nghim tc, chng v tch cc

sng to trong hc tp.

3.1. Kim tramy v sa li chng trnh:

Sau khi lp trnh xong, m bo cho qu trnh chy my m bo an ton,cng vic u tin ca ngi thphi kim tra v sa li chng trnh. Cngvic kim tra v sa li chng trnh bao gm cc ni dung sau:

a.Kim tra scu lnh ( N ):

Trong mt chng trnh sthtca cu lnh ty chn tnhn ln c thlin nhau hoc cch qung. Shiu ca cu lnh c biu thbng cc cons. Shiu ny ty theo ngi lp trnh t.

V d:N01; N02; N03Hoc : N01; N03; N07

b. Kim tra v sa li lnh G:

m bo G00 v G01 c dng chnh xc khng bnhm ln.Lnh G gm chci G v cc con st 00 n 999.

V d1:G00 X80. Z5. Lnh ny cho bit chy dao nhanh n im ch c ta X= 80. Z= 5.

V d2:G02 X60. Y-30. R5. Lnh ny cho bit dao s ct theo cung trn theochiu kim ng hvi bn knh R=5 n im c ta X= 60; Y= -30.

c. Kim tra v sa li svng quay trc chnh ( S ):

V d:G97 S200 Tc ct l 200 vng/pht.G96 S150 Tc ct l 150 mt/pht.

d. Kim tra sa li lng chy dao ( F ):

V d:F200 Lng tin dao l 200 mm/pht.


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e. Kim tra a chdao T ( Tool ):

Lnh T gi dao ttch dao vo vtr lm vic. Lnh T bao gm chci T vcc con sng sau n.

V d:T03 ;- T : Lnh gi dao.- S03 l sthtdao ( Dao s03 ).

f. Cc chc nng phM ( Misceellaneous function ):

Chc nng phM cn gi l chc nng trgipV d:

M08 : Mdung dch trn ngui.M09 : Tt dung dch trn ngui .

M03 : Trc chnh quay thun.M04 : Trc chnh quay nghch.M05 : Dng quay trc chnh.

.M01 : Tm dng chng trnh.M30 : Kt thc chng trnh.

g. Chy m phng trn my: ( GRAPHIC : Chy ha)

Sau khi nhp v ghi nhchng trnh vo my, cho my chy m phng

pht hin li ca chng trnh. T c th sa cha ti u ho chngtrnh.Khi cho chy chny cc ng ct gt ca dao c minh ha bng ha trn mn hnh. Trong chny c thcho chy m phng tng cu lnhhoc chy m phng lin tc cchng trnh.

3.2. Nhp v gi tn chng trnh gia cng:

3.2.1. Nhp chng trnh:

a. Nhp chng trnh vo my bng tay:

Sau khi chun bchng trnh xong, bng cc nt k tv cc nt s trnbn phm ca my np cc dliu vo bng tay.

b. Nhp chng trnh vo my ta mm:

C thchun bchng trnh trn WORD sau coppy vo a mm v npvo my thng qua ng truyn cp.

3.2.2. Gi chng trnh gia cng:

u tin n vo nt MEM a my vchghi nh, sau n vo ntmm a my sang ch tm kim (Search), tn cc chng trnh s


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hin ln mn hnh, la chn chng trnh, sau n vo nt RESET chnchng trnh, cho chy chng trnh bng nt START.

3.3. Tn v chc nng ca cc b phn trong bng iu khin my:

3.3.1.Bng iu khin mn hnh ( CTR control panel):

Bng iu khin ny iu khin mn hnh CTR. Trn bng c cc nt, cc kt, cc nt chci, cc nt chc nng son tho chng trnh.

Hnh 3.1Tn v cc chc nng ca cc bphn ca bng iu khin CTR

a. Mn hnh CTR:

y l mn hnh c chc nng hin ln nhng dliu ca chng trnh NC.CTR l chci vit tt ca cc t: Cathode Ray Tube: n chn khng (n

pht hnh ca ti vi).

b. Nt khi ng li: RESET

Nt ny khi ng li chng trnh NC khi my btreo khng hot ngc hoc khi my phi tt khn cp.

c. Nt trgip : HELP

Nhn vo nt ny hng dn sdng shin ln mn hnh.

d. Nt chuyn: SHIFT

Khi nhn vo nt chuyn (Shift ) cho php cc k tbn di pha bn phica cc nt a chc a vo my.

e. Cc nt mm (Soft key):

Cc nt ny la chn cc chc nng son tho, xa, ghi nh chngtrnh Cc nt ny hng pha di ca mn hnh CRT .


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f. Nt cc a ch(Address key):

Cc nt ny np cc chci v cc k hiu vo my.

g. Nt cc con sv gi tr(Numeric value key):

Cc nt ny np cc k hiu m v dng v cc gi trbng svo my.

h. Nt thay i: ALTER

Mun thay i mt gi trno trong chng trnh, di chuyn con trn vtr , nhp gi tr cn thay i sau nhn vo nt ALTER th gi tr cnthay i sc a vo.

i. Nt chn: INSERT

Chn thm dliu vo sau con trkhi n vo nt INSERT. Tng ng ntENTER trn bn phm ca my tnh.

k. Nt xo: DELETENhn vo nt ny dliu vtr con trsbxo.

l. Nt np vo: INPUT

Nt ny a cc chci, cc k hiu, cc gi trbng cc con s c avo chng trnh NC.

m. Nt xo: CAN

Nt ny sxo i cc a ch, cc con sngay pha trc con tr.

n. Nt dch chuyn con tr(mi tn):Nt ny dch chuyn con trtheo hng mi tn.

o. Nt chuyn i trang:Nt ny mtng trang trn mn hnh.

p. Nt vtr: POS

n vo nt ny mn hnh shin ln gi tr ta X Yv Z ca my. NuOGIGIN. Cc nt ny dng nh mun thay i gi trca trc X ,Yv Zkt hp vi cc nt mm PRESET v nt im gc ca phi.

q. Nt chng trnh: PROGNt ny dng son tho chng trnh, np chng trnh, xo chng trnh,chn chng trnh.

s. Nt b dao: OFFSETseting

Nhn vo nt ny nhp cc gi trb dao.

t. Nt thng tin: MESSAGE

Nt ny a ra mn hnh ton btnh trng hot ng ca my.

u. Nt chy m phng: custom graphNt ny chy m phng kim tra chng trnh.


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3.3.2.Bng iu khin my:

Bng iu khin ny iu khin my. Trn bng c cc nt chc nng iukhin my.

Hnh 3.2: Bng iu khin

STOPSTART

IMERGENCY

ON

OFF


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3.3.2.1. Vng cc nt la chn chhot ng:

Hnh 3.3: nt la chn ch

Phn chtng

Auto: Chchy tng tdliu bnhmy

MDI (Manual Data Input). Ch ny ging cho php ngi sdngnhp vo cc cu lnh v lu trong bnhtm. Khi thc hin cu lnhxong my sxa ngay cu lnh . Chny chyu dng chyth.

EDIT: Chnhp chng trnh v chnh sa chng trnh

Chny cho php son tho, kim tra, sa i chng trnh.

DNC:chvn hnh my bng ngun dliu tbn ngoi

Phn iu khin bng tay

Jog: chny cho php ngi vn hnh iu khin ct gt thcng,dng tay nhn nt iu khin trc trn bng iu khin. Trong ch ny, lng n dao c iu khin bng nt FEED OVERRIDE

MPG:khi chc nng ny c chn, ngi dng iu khin trc bngcch sdng tay cm (handle)

RAPID : Chny cho php iu khin di chuyn nhanh (khng ctgt) cc trc) bng tay.


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ZRN (Zero):My strvim gc R khi chc nng ny c chn vcc nt im gc trn my c tc ng.

Cc nt chc nng khc

Single Block:Nt chy tng cu lnh.My s thc hin chy tng cu lnh trong chng trnh khi chnyc kch hot.

Optional Stop:Nt dng bc cng ngh.Trong chny, my sdng khi c n cu lnh M01. Mun chytip chng trnh n vo nt START.

Dry run:Nt chy khng ct gt.Chny chy khng ct gt kim tra chng trnh.

Block skip:Nt bqua cu lnh.Khi c n du / u cu lnh, my sbqua cu lnh y khi nt nyc kch hot

Vng nt iu khin trc chnh:Cc nt ny iu khin trc chnh quay thun hoc ngc chiu kim ngh(Theo hng nhn vo mt u trc chnh) hoc dng trc chnh.

Nt CCW trc chnh quay ngc chiu kim ng h. Nt CW trc chnh quay cng chiu kim ng h. Nt STOP dng trc chnh.

E Stop (emergency stop):Nt tt khn cp

Cycle Start:Nt chy my tng:Nt ny cho my chy t ng theo chng trnh, hoc chy tng culnh.

Feed Hold:Nt dng bc tin dao

BLOC SKIPOPTIONAL STOPDRY RUNSINGLE BLOCK


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3.3.2.2. Tay quay in t(hand wheel):Vng tay quay in tc cc nt la chn cc trc X,Y,Z, iu khin. Ngoira cn c cc nt la chn gi trca mi vch trn tay quay in t.

Hnh 3.4: tay quay in t:

FANUC

Z


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Cc bc vn hnh trung tm gia cng:

Cc bc vn hnhtrung tm gia cng

t im khi u ca dao

Kim tra cc cng vic trnmy:

1- Cc bc gia cng2- Chct gt3- Chun bdao

4- Chun bphi vcc cng vic khc

R g cho mt song song

vi bn my

Kim tra chng trnh

Chun bthtc cng ngh

trn my

Sp t dao

G t lnbn my

Np gi trb dao

Bn v

Khai bo dao

Nhp v gi chng trnh Kp cht phi

Chun bquy trnh cng nghgia cng

Chy thchng trnh

Sn phm

Chun bdao Cnh phi

Tng gia cng

(Chng trnh)


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Lp cc bc gia cng:Thtgia cng c lp thnh chng trnh v np vo my.

Kim tra iu kin ct gt ca cc dao:Kim tra cc dao c sdng trong chng trnh v cc yu tct: v; s; tca cc dao cho ph hp.

Khai bo dao:Kim tra thtcc dao g trong tch dao, khai bo dao.

Cc cng vic chun b:Chng trnh phi c chun btrc, kim tra klng trc khi np vomy, khi np xong chng trnh vo my cho chy m phng, kim tra vsa li chng trnh. Chun bdao, chun bg kp phi, g t phi...

C cc phng php kim tra chng trnh nh : chy m phng, chykhng ct gt, chy ct th trc tip trn chi tit ch chy tng cu

lnh. Ct thl cng vic kim tra chng trnh ln cui, ct gt thc ttrn

chi tit. Khi ct gt hon chnh mt chi tit, v chi tit phi m boyu cu k thut ca bn v mi tin hnh gia cng t ng. Ct th

bng chchy tng cu lnh. Vn hnh tng my: Chi tit gia cng c tng hon thin trn

my bng vic chy tng chng trnh.


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Chng 4:GIA CNG PHAY CNCM 34 4

Mc tiu:+ Trnh by c cc yu cu kthut khi phay.+ Vn hnh thnh tho my phay CNC gia cng ng qui trnh qui phm,

t cp chnh xc 8-6, nhm cp 7-9, t yu cu kthut, ng thi gianqui nh, m bo an ton cho ngi v my.

+ Gii thch c cc dng sai hng, nguyn nhn v cch khc phc.+ Rn luyn tnh k lut, kin tr, cn thn, nghim tc, chng v tch cc

sng to trong hc tp.

4.1. Phay mt phng


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4.2. Phay bc, cong, cung


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4.3. Phay theo bin dng.


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4.4. Khoan l.


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4.5. Tar


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4.6. Phay mt 3D c lp trnh bng phn mm CAD/CAM


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TI LIU THAM KHO

1.Trn ThSan, Nguyn Ngc Phng, Stay lp trnh CNC, NXB Nng,nm 2006

2.Peter Smid, CNC programming handbook, Industrial Press Inc, 2003

Documents

Giao Trinh KT Phay CNC - Trung Tâm CNC