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4608

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4609





52. kqdXpØzq¿

a°xbn¬ Ah-X-cn-®Xv ˛ hN-\-ßƒ 49 ˛ hn`mKw (dp-Iq-Dv)2

Qƒ£dG IQƒ°Sll;l;l;l;l;;

ll;l;l;l;l;; l;

l;

]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bpamb A√m-lp-hns‚\ma-Øn¬.

[[[[1]]]]](B) ]¿∆Xw Xs∂-bmW

(k-Xyw)!

[[[[[2]]]]] hcn-bmbn (I-ao-I-cn-®p)

Fgp-X-s∏´ KŸw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!

[[[[[3]]]]] (A-sX, Xpd-∂p) hncp-Øn-

sh-°-s∏´ tXmen¬ (F-gp-X-s∏´KŸw).

[[[[[4]]]]] (\n-Xyw) Bƒs]-cp-am-‰-

ap≈ aµncw Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!

[[[[[5]]]]] Db¿Ø-s∏´ ta¬∏pc

Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!

[[[[[6]]]]]\nd™ (a-lm) kapZw

Xs∂-bmW (k-Xyw)!

[[[[[ 7]]]]] \n›-b-am -bpw, \ns‚

d∫ns‚ in£ kw`-hn-°p-∂XvXs∂.

[[[[[8]]]]] AXn\v bmsXmcp XS-hp-an-√.

4610





[1] ]¿∆Xw Xs∂-bmW [2] KŸhpw Xs∂-bmW

hcn-bm-°-s∏-´, Fgp-X-s∏´, Ia-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ [3] tXmen¬, Xmfn¬

hncp-Ø-s∏-´, Xpd-°-s∏´ [4] aµn-chpw (ho-Spw) Xs∂-bmW

s]cp-am-d-s∏Sp∂ (\n-tXym-]-tbm-K-ap-≈) [5] ta¬]p-c-bp-amW

Db¿Ø-s∏´ [6] kap-Z-hp-amW \nd-°-s∏´ (\n-d-™),

Pzen-∏n-°-s∏´ [7] \n›-b-ambpw in£ \ns‚ d∫ns‚

kw`-hn-°p∂ (D≠mIp-∂)Xp Xs∂ [8] AXn-∂n√ XSp-°p∂

(X-S-bp-∂) H∂pw (Hcp XS-hpw)

kXy-\n-tj-[n-Iƒ°v hºn® in£ A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-sa-∂pw, AXv XSp-°p-hm≥ bmsXmcp am¿tK-Wbpw km[y-a-s√∂pw A√mlp A©p hkvXp-°-fm¬ BW-bn´v Dd-∏n®p ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. B A©v kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fn¬NneXv NcnX ][m-\-amb Nne kw`-h-ß-sf-bpw, a‰p NneXv al-Ømb Nne]IrXn ZrjvSm-¥-ß-sfbpw Ipdn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.

1 - m-asØ kXyw ]¿∆-X-sØ-s°m-≠m-Ip-∂p. QƒoW (Xzq¿) F∂m¬ ]¿∆XwF∂v hm°¿∞w. Qƒt£dG (A-Øzq¿) F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXv Hcp ]tXyI]¿∆-XsØ Dt±-in-®m-sW∂v hcp-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, aqkm \_n (A)°v ]hm-N-IXzw kn≤n-®-Xpw, XudmØv e`-n-®-Xp-amb B ]kn≤ ko\m-]¿∆Xw(AÉæ«°S QƒW) Ncn-X-]-[m-\-amb \nc-h[n kw`hßƒ°v km£yw-h-ln® Hcp]¿∆-X-am-W-sX∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√. Cu ]¿∆-XsØ Dt±-in®v Qƒt£dG F∂pw ]d-bpI ]Xn-hm-Wv. CtX hm°p-Xs∂ s]mXp-hn¬ a‰p ]¿∆-X-ßƒ°pw ]d-bm-hp-∂-Xp-am-Ip-∂p. Chn-sSbpw Dt±iyw Aßs\ Bbn-°qSm F∂n-√.

º∏YG ¬q∏dGh. 2 ˛m-asØ kXyw Xpd∂phn-cp-Øn-sh-°-s∏´ tXmen¬ `-wKn-bn¬

hcn-h-cn-bmbn Iao-I-cn-s®-gp-X-s∏-ń-´p≈ KŸw (Qƒo£r°ùne ÜÉnàpc) sIm≠m-Ip-∂p.CXv Xudm-Øn-s\, As√-¶n¬ Izp¿-B\pw XudmØpw Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ thZ-K-Ÿ-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. t\cnb tXm¬°-jvW-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p ap≥Im-eØvFgp-Xp-hm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp∂ Hcp ][m\ D]-I-cWw F∂p-≈Xv ChnsSkvac-Wo-b-am-Wv. Xpd∂p hncp-Ø-s∏-´-sX∂ hnti-j-Ww, B KŸw P\-as≤y ]c-ky-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw ]mcm-bWw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-sW∂pw [z\n-∏n-°p-∂p.

3 ˛masØ kXyw, \nXyw s]cp-am-d-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw, D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂-Xp-amb aµncw (Qƒoªr©nªrdG âr«nH) sIm≠m-Wv. CXv hnip≤ IAv_xsb Ipdn-°p-∂p.At\Iw Bfp-Iƒ \nXyhpw Xzhm^v (]-Z-£n-Ww), \a-kvImcw XpS-ßnbBcm-[-\m-I¿a-ßƒ°mbn B h-\-Øn-¶¬ h∂pt]m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-

4611





Wt√m. AXns‚ ÿm]-\-Imew apX¬ Ct∂mfw G‰-°p-d-thm-sS-bm-sW-¶nepw B \ne XpS¿∂psImt≠ Ccn-°p-∂p. CtX (Qƒoªr©nªrdG âr«nH) F∂ t]cn¬,ae-°p-I-fm¬ \nXyhpw Bcm-[\ \SØ-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp aµncwBIm-iØv ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xmbn ]e \_n hN-\-ß-fnepw h∂n-´p-≠v.AXmWv Chn-sSbpw Dt±-iy-sa∂pw ]e alm-∑mcpw A`n-]m-b-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. anAv-dm-Pns‚ ]kn-≤-amb lZo-Yn¬, Ggmw BIm-i-Øp-sh-®p-≠mbkw`-h-ß-sf-∏‰n hnh-cn-°p∂ as≤y \_n ˜ C]-Imcw ]kvXm-hn-°p∂p:¬«∏Y ≥Øàe - ¬«dEG ¿hOƒ©j ’ ÉØdG ¿ƒ©Ñ°S Ωƒj πc ¬∏N~j ƒg GPGh Qƒoªr©nªrdG âr«nH¤EG »H ™aQ ºK (]n-∂oSv Fs∂ss_Øp¬˛ aAv-aqdníte°v Db¿Ø-s∏- p. t\m°p-tºmƒ, AXn¬ Zn\w-]XnFgp-]-Xn-\mbncw ae-°p-Iƒ ]th-in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]n∂o-S-h¿ AXn-te°v aSßn hcp-∂-X-√. (_p; ap.)

4 ˛masØ kXyw, Db¿Ø-s∏´ ta¬]pc (´ƒoarôqªrdG ∞≤s°ùdG) sIm≠m-Wv.CXv BIm-i-sØ-bmWv Ipdn-°p-∂-Xv. BIm-i-sØ-∏‰n (21 : 32¬) kq£n-°-s∏´ ta¬]pc (ÉXƒØfi ÉØ≤°S) F∂v Izp¿B≥ ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wv.

5 ˛matØ-Xv, \nd-°-s∏-´˛ AYhm \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ ˛k-apZw(Qƒoér°ùnªrdG ôrënÑrdG) sIm≠m-Ip-∂p. Pew, Xnc-am-e, a’yw apX-emb P¥p-°ƒ XpSßn]eXpw \nd™p \nev°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m alm kap-Z-ßƒ. Xobn-\m¬ \nd-°-s∏-´Xv F∂pw Cu hm°n\v A¿∞w I¬]n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p. hnd-Ip-\n-d®pIØn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv, Pzen-∏n-°-s∏- Xví Fs∂ms° Qƒoér°ùnªrdG F∂ hm°n\v mj-bn¬ A¿∞-ap-≠v -Xm-\pw. A¥y-\m-fnse kw`h hnIm-k-ß-fn¬ kap-Z-Øn-\p-≠m-Ip∂ ÿnXn am‰-sØ-bmWv AXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. `qcn-`mKw hymJym-Xm-°-fp-sSbpw A`n-]mbw BZyw ]d-™-Xm-Ip-∂p.

º∏YG ¬q∏dG `qtKm-f-Øns‚ A¥¿`mKw apgp-h\pw AXyp-jvW-amb Zmh-I-am-bn-

´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂pw, AXns‚ _ln¿`mKw amXta Dd®p Iń-bm-bn-´p-≈p-sh-∂pw, A·n-]¿∆-X-ßƒ t£m`n-°p-tºmƒ ]pd-Øp-h-cp∂ emh ]kvXpXZmh-I-Øn¬\n-∂p-≈-Xm-sW-∂p-amWv `qK¿` imkvX*⁄≥amcpsS A`n-]m-bw. `qan-bpsS Dƒ`m-KØv \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ Cu ZmhI kap-Z-amWvChnsS Dt±-iy-sa∂pw Nne B[p-\nI hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]d™p ImWp-∂p.]t£, Cu ASpØ Ime-ØvamXw Adn-b-s∏-´ Cu XXz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ B hm°n\v A¿∞w Iev]n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cn-°-bn-√. Izp¿-Bs‚ Ah-X-c-W-Im-e-Øp-≈-h¿°v A¿∞w a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hm-°p-Iƒ AXn¬ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv bp‡-a-√-t√m.

* `-qan-bpsS A¥¿`-m-KsØ ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂

imkvXw. (Geology)

4612





Kuc-h-ta-dnb ]kvXpX kXy-hm-N-I-ß-fn¬ BW-bn-´p-sIm≠v A√mlpAhs‚ in£-sb-°p-dn®v Xm°oXv sNøp-I-bpw, AXn¬\n∂v kXy-hn-izm-khpw k¬°¿ahpw hgn c£-t\-Sp-hm≥ Blzm\w sNøp-I-bp-amWv sNøp-∂-Xv. ]md-t]mse Iń-]n-Sn-®n-ń-√mØ lrZ-b-ß-fn-te°v Xpf®p sN√-Ø°hmIy-ß-fm-Wh.- Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ßƒ HmXn-t°´ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Da¿(d) AXns‚ Kuchw Hm¿Øv ]c-h-i-\m-Ip-I-bpw, Ipsd \mfp-I-tfmfw £oWn-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw D≠m-b-Xmbn \nth-Z-\-ßƒ h∂n-´p-≠v. Xm°oXv sNø-s∏-Sp∂ B in£ Ft∏m-gm-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v ASpØ hN-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂p:˛

[[[[[9]]]]] BImiw Hcp (i-‡n-bm-

b) ]I-º\w ]I-ºn -°p∂Znhkw!˛

[[[[[10]]]]] ae-Iƒ Hcp (i-‡n-bm-b)

k©mcw k©-cn -°p -IbpwsNøp∂ (Zn-h-kw)! [A∂mWvAXv kw`hn-°p-I.]

[9] . hnd-sIm-≈p∂ (]-I-ºn-°p-∂˛ t£m -n-°p-∂) Znhkw

BImiw Hcp hnd-sIm-≈¬ ...[10] Nen-°pI (\-S-°p-I, k©-cn-

°p-I)bpw sNøp∂ ae-Iƒ Hcp Ne-\w...

temIm-h-km-\-th-f-bn¬ D≠m-Ip∂ AXn-`-b-¶c kw`-h-hn-Im-k-ß-fn¬Nne-Xm-Wn-Xv. a\p-jys‚ Dul-Øn-\pw, A\p-am-\-Øn\pw AXo-X-amb ]eXpwA∂v kw`-hn-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-bn¬ ]eXpw Xmsg A≤ym-b-ß-fn¬]kvXm-hn®p ImWmw.

[[[[[11]]]]] F∂m¬, hymP-am(°n

\ n tj - [ n ) -° p -∂ - h ¿°s XA∂sØ Znhkw (h-ºn-®) \miw.

[[[[[12]]]]] AXm-b-Xv, A\m-h-iy-

Øn¬ (ap-gp-In) Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°v.

[[[[[13]]]]] (A-sX) \c-Im-·n-bn-

te°v Ahsc (Du-t°m-sS) Hcp]nSn -®p -X -≈¬ X≈-s∏-Sp∂Znhkw!

4613





[[[[[ 14]]]]] (]-d-b-s∏Spw:) ìCXv

\nßƒ hymP-am-°n-bn-cp-∂-XmbB \c-I-a-sX.

[[[[[ 15]]]]] ìAt∏mƒ, CXv Pme-

amtWm?! AX-√, \nßƒ ImWp-∂n√ F∂pt≠m?!!

[[[[[16]]]]]\nß-f-Xn¬ IS∂v Icn-bp-

hn≥! F∂n v \nßƒ £an-®p-sIm-≈pI; As√-¶n¬ £an-°m-Xn-cn-°pI; (c-≠pw) \nßƒ°v ka-a-sX. \nßƒ ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xn\v amX-amWv \nßƒ°v]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.í

[11] At∏mƒ \miw B Znhkw hymP-am-°p-∂-

h¿°mWv [12] bmsXmcp Iq´¿°v Ah¿ A\m-h-iy-Øn¬

(ap-gp-In-s°m-≠v) Ifn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ [13] Ah¿ X≈-

s∏-Sp∂ Znhkw Pl-∂an (\-c-I-Øn)s‚ A·n-bn-te°v Hcp

X≈¬ [14] CXv A·n-bm-Wv, \c-I-asX \nßƒ Bbn-

cp-∂-Xmb AXns\ If-hm-°pw, hymP-am°pw [15] At∏mƒ

Pme-am-tWm, ambtbm CXv AX√ \nßƒ BtWm

\nßƒ ImWm-sX, ImWp-∂n√ (F-t∂m) [16] \nß-f-Xn¬ ]th-in-

°p-I, NqtS¬°p-I, Icn-bpI F∂n´v £an-°pI As√-¶n¬ £an-

°m-Xn-cn-°pI ka-am-Wv, Hcp-t]m-se-bmWv \nßƒ°v, \nß-

fn¬ \n›-b-ambpw \nßƒ°v ]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q

\nß-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xn\v (am-Xw) ]h¿Øn°pw

bmsXmcp hnh-c-Whpw IqSm-sX-Øs∂ Bibw hy‡-am-Wv. A√mlp\sΩ ImØp-c-£n-°-s´. Bao≥. ASpØ hN-\-ß-fn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb `-mKy-hm≥am-cpsS ]Xn-^-e-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hnh-cn-°p∂p:˛

4614





[[[[[17]]]]] \n›-b-am-bpw, `-b-`-

‡≥am¿ (kz¿K)-tXm-∏p-I-fn-epw,kpJm-\p-K-l-ß-fn-ep-am-bn-cn°pw;˛

[[[[[18]]]]] Ah-cpsS d∫v Ah¿°v

\¬In-b-Xn¬ kpJ-am-kz-Zn-®p-sIm-≠v. Ah¿°v Xß-fpsS d∫vIØn-Pz-en-°p∂ (\-c-I) in£ImØp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

[[[[[19]]]]](]-d-b-s∏Spw:) ì\nßƒ

]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xp-\n-anØw \nßƒ awK-f-ambn Xn∂p-Ibpw, IpSn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈pI!í

[[[[[20]]]]] hcn-h-cn-bm(bn \ncØn

sh)-°-s∏´ ]cy-¶-ß-fn¬ Nmcn-bncn°p-∂-hcm-bn-cn°pw (A-h¿).hnim-e-t\-X-I-fmb sh≈ saøm-a-Wn-Isf Ah¿°v \mw CW-tN¿Øv sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.

[17] \n›-b-ambpw `b`-‡≥am¿, kq£va-X-bp-≈-h¿

tXm∏p-I-fn¬ (kz¿K-ß-fn¬) Bbn-cn°pw kpJm-\p-K-l-Ønepw [18]

kpJw A\p`hn°p-∂-h-cm-bn Ah¿°v \¬In-b-Xp-sIm≠v

Ah-cpsS d∫v Ahsc (A-h¿°v) ImØp-sIm-Sp-°bpw sNøpw

Ah-cpsS d∫v Pzen-°p∂ \c-I-Øns‚ in£sb [19]

Xn∂p-hn≥ IpSn-°bpw sNøp-hn≥ awK-f-am-bn-´v, Btam-Z-tØmsS

\nß-fm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ]h¿Øn-°pI [20] Nmcn-

bn-cp∂p sIm≠v Iń-ep-I(-]-cy-¶-ß)-fn¬ \nc-Ø-s∏- , hcn-bmbn

sh°-s∏´ Ah¿°v \mw CW-tN¿Øv (C-W-bm-°n) sImSp-°bpw

sNøpw kpµ-cn-I-fmb Xcp-Wo-a-Wn-Isf, sh≈ saøm-a-Wn-Isf hnim-e-t\-X-I-fmb

4615





ÚpY lQƒoM F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞sØ kw_-‘n®v kq: ZpJm≥ 54 s‚hymJym-\-Øn¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. `-£-W-]m-\o-b-ßƒ, `-mcy-am¿ apX-em-b-h-bn¬ kz¿K-ÿ-cmb -mKy-hm≥am-cpsS \ne hnh-cn-®-ti-jw, Ah¿°v kn≤n-°p∂ as‰mcp hºn-®-t\-´-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp∂p:˛

[[[[[21]]]]] Xßƒ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw

Xß-fpsS k¥m-\-ßƒ kXy-hn-izm-k-tØmsS Xßsf ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw sNbvXn- p-≈-h-cm-I-s´, Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ßsf Ah-tcmSv \mwtN¿Øv sImSp-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS I¿a (^-e) -Øn¬\n∂vbmsXm∂pw Xs∂ \mw Ah¿°vIpdhv hcp-Øp-∂-Xp-a-√. F√m(Hmtcm) a\p-jy\pw Xm≥ kºm-Zn-®p-≠m-°n-b-Xn\v ]W-b-am-Ip-∂p.

[21] hniz-kn-®-h-cm-Is´ Xßsf ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw

sNbvXp Xß-fpsS k¥m-\-ßƒ hnizm-k-Øn¬, hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v

Ah-tcmSv \mw tN¿°pw . Ah-cpsS k¥m-\-ßsf

Ah¿°v \mw Ipd-hv hcpØp (\-jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp)-∂-X√ Ah-cpsS

I¿aØn¬ (]-hr-Øn-bn¬)-\n∂v bmsXm-∂n-s\bpw F√m a\p-

jy\pw Ah≥ kºm-Zn® (]-h¿Øn-®)-Xn∂v ]W-b-am-Wv, ]Wbw

sh°-s∏-´-h-\mWv

k¬°¿a-cw-KØv Xß-fpsS \ne-]m-Sn¬ FØn-t®¿∂n-ń-s√-¶nepw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb \√-a-°-sfbpw Xß-sfm-∂n®v kz¿Kob kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒBkz-Zn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp Ah¿°v `-mKy-ap-≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-°pw. CXp-aqewAh-cpsS ]Xn- -e-Øn¬ A√mlp bmsXmcp Ipdhpw hcp-Øp-∂-Xp-a-√. amX-a-√, \√-h-cmb amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, `-mcym-`-¿Øm-°ƒ F∂n-h-scbpw kz¿K-Øn¬ A√mlp Ah-scm-∂n®p tN¿Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-sa∂v kq: dAvZv: 23; kq:apAv-an≥ 7 9 F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ \n∂v a\- n-em-°mw. kq: apAv-an-\n¬ hmbn®kwK-Xn-Iƒ Chn-sSbpw Hm¿°p∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. ìkXy-hn-izm-kn-bmba\p-jys‚ k¥m-\-ßƒ Ah-s\-°mƒ I¿aØn¬ Xmtg-In-S-bn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-

4616





cp-∂mepw Ahs‚ IÏp-fp¿a-°v˛ a\- -t¥m-j-Øn\v ˛th≠n Ah-cpsS]Zhn Ahs‚ ]Z-hn-bn-te°v A√mlp Db¿Øn-s°m-Sp°pwíF∂v ]d-™p-sIm≠v C_v\p A∫mkv (d) Cu Izp¿-B≥ hN\w AXn\v sXfn-hmbnHmXp-I-bp-≠m-bn. (ºgÒZh QGõÑdGh ”ÉM »HG øHGh ôjôL øHG)

amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ FX D∂X ]Z-hn-°m-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw icn, A°m-cWwsIm≠v Ahn-izm-kn-Ifpw Zp¿∂-S-∏p-Im-cp-amb Ah-cpsS a°ƒt°m, As√-¶n¬ adnt®m bmsXmcp c£bpw In´p-I-bn-s√-∂pw, Ah-\-h-≥ sNbvX Ip‰-Øn\v Ah-\-h≥am-X-amWv DØ-c-hm-Zn-sb-∂pw, Hmtcm-cp-Øs‚ ISa Ah-\-h≥ Xs∂ \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠-Xp-s≠∂pw Izp¿-B≥ ]e-t∏mgpw hy‡-ambn]kvXm-hn-°m-dp-≈-Xm-Wv. ÚpgnQ nÖn°ùnc ÉnªpH mÇpôreG tπoc (F√m a\p-jy\pw Ah≥ kºm-Zn-®-Xn\v ]W-b-am-Wv) F∂ hmIyhpw AXmWv DW¿Øp-∂-Xv. hmßnbISw sImSp-Øp-Xo¿°m-Ø-]£w B IS-Øn-\p-th≠n ]W-bw-sh-°-s∏´hkvXp-hn¬ \n∂m-Wt√m AXv CuSm-°-s∏-Sp-I. AXp-t]m-se, Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw Ahs‚ ISa \n¿∆-ln-°mØ ]£w AXn\v Ah≥Xs∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-sW∂v kmcw. hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AtXm-sSm∏w \n¿_-‘-I-S-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-hsc Ah-sc-°mƒ D∂-X-ÿm\w ssIh∂ Xß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS ÿm\-tØ°v Db¿Øn-s°m-Sp-°p-sat∂ ta¬]-d-™-Xn\v A¿∞-ap-≈q. amXm-]n-Xm-°tfm a°tfm D∂-X-ÿm-\-°m-cm-b-Xp-sIm≠v a‰p-≈-h¿°v h√ c£bpw ssIh-cp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, \qlv \_n(A)-bpsS aI≥, C_vdmlow \_n (A)-bpsS ]nXm-hv, eqXzv \_n (A)-bpsS`-mcy, \_n Xncp-ta\n -bpsS ]nXr-hy≥am¿ apX-em-b-h¿°v c£ Int´-≠-Xm-bn-cp-∂p-h-t√m. XmW ]Z-hn-bn-ep-≈-hsc D∂-X-]-Z-hn-bn-te°v Db¿Øp-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚ HuZm-cyhpw Zbhpw ( ¬∏dG π° a) BsW-¶n¬, Ah-c-h-cpsSIp‰-Øn\v Ah-c-h-sc-Øs∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-°p-∂Xv Ahs‚ \oXn-\ym-b-hy-h-ÿbpw (¬∏dG ∫~Y) BIp-∂p. A√mlp XpS-cp∂p:˛

[[[[[22]]]]] Ah¿ Bin-°p-∂-Xn¬\n-

∂p≈ ]g-h¿K-hpw, amwkhpwAh¿°v \mw (b-tY-jvSw) Ab-®n´p sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.

[[[[[ 23]]]]] (aZyw \nd -°-s∏-´)

tIm∏°v AhnsS Ah¿ ]nSn-IqSn(ssI -am -d n ) -s°m -≠n -c n -°pw .bmsXmcp A\m-h-iyhpw AXn-en√; Ip‰-I-c-am-bp-≈Xpw C√.

4617





[[[[[ 2 4 ]]]]] A h ¿ ° p - t h ≠ n

_me≥am¿ Ah-cn¬ Np‰n-Øn-cn™p (tk-h\w sNbvXp)-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ [B _me-∑m¿] Hfn-®p-sh-°-s∏´ apsØ-∂-t]m-se-bn-cn°pw!

[22] Ah¿°v \mw Ab®p (CjvSw t]mse) sImSp°pw

]g-h¿KsØ amwkhpw Ah¿°v Bin-°p∂ (C-—n-°p-∂)-

Xn¬\n∂v [23] Ah¿ At\ym\yw ]nSn-Iq-Spw, (ssI-am-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-

°pw) AXn¬, Ahn-S-Øn¬ (\n-d) tIm∏, tIm∏°v A\m-hiyw

C√ AXn¬ Ip‰-I-c-hp-an-√, ]m]-ap-≠m-°-ep-an√ [24]

Np‰n-Øn-cn-bpI (Np-‰n-∏‰n \n¬°p-I)bpw sNøpw Ah-cn¬ _me-

∑m¿, BÏp-ń-Iƒ Ah-cp-sS, Ah¿°p-th-≠n-bp≈ Ah-cm-sW-∂-

t]m-se-bn-cn°pw apØv (Nn-∏n-bn¬) Hfn®v (kq-£n-®p) sh°-s∏´

el-cnbpw aØpw D≠m-°p-∂-Xm-Wt√m Cl-Ønse I≈v. A\m-h-iy-ß-fpw, AI-a-ßfpw I≈-p-Ip-Sn-bpsS IqsS∏n-d-hn-bp-amWv. kz¿K-Ønse I≈vAØ-c-Øn¬s]-´-X-√. \ma-am-X-km-Zr-iyta Ah-X-Ωn-ep-≈q B\-µhpwkt¥m-jhpw Df-hm-°p-I-b-√m-sX, bmsXm-cp-hn[ tZmjhpw AXv \nanØwD≠m-Ip-hm-\n-√. I≈v-Ip-Sn-b≥am¿ XΩn¬ ASn-]n-Snbpw hg°pw ]Xn-hm-b-Xv-t]m-se, AhnsS Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ Ii-]n-itbm at‰m D≠m-Ip-I-bn-√. ]t£,BÀm-Z-tØmSpw kvt\l-tØm-Spw-IqSn I≈p-\n-d® tIm∏-Iƒ°p-th-≠n˛Rm≥ BZyw Rm≥ BZyw F∂ `-mh-Øn¬˛ Xam-i-bmbn Ah¿ ]nSn-Iq-Snbpw ssIam-dn-bpw-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw. Ah¿°p-th-≠p∂ tkh-\-ßƒ \S-Øp-hm≥th≠n kz¿Kob _me≥am¿ Ahsc Np‰n-∏-‰n-s°m≠v kZm Xøm-dp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. tIhew `-rXy≥am-cmb B _me≥am-cm-I-s´, Nn∏n-I-fn¬ `Z-ambn kq£n-°-s∏-ń-cp∂ apØp-a-Wn-Iƒ ]pd-sØSpØ-Xm-sW∂v tXm∂p-amdv AXbpw hSn-hpw, shSp∏pw, kuµ-cyhpw XnI-™-h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. -rXy≥am-cpsS D]a CXm-sW-¶n¬, Ah-cpsS bP-am-\≥am-cpsS D]a F¥m-bn-cn°pw?AsX, Hcp lZo-Yn¬ \nth-Z\w sNø-s∏- -Xp-t]m-se˛ ]u¿W-an-bpsS cmXn-bnse Nµ-\pw, CXc \£Xßfpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw IW-s°-bn-cn-°pw. (QòæŸG øHGh ôjôL øHG √ÉµM) Cu _me≥am-sc-∏‰n 56: 17˛18; 76 : 19 apX-embÿe-ß-fnepw A√mlp ]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. ASp-Ø-h-N-\-ß-fn¬ kz¿K-°m¿ XΩn¬ \S-°p∂ Nne kw`mjWß-sfbpw kt¥m-j-k-√m-]-ß-sfbpw Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p;˛

4618





[[[[[25]]]]] Ah¿ ]c-kv]cw (]-e-

Xpw) tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v Nne¿ Nne-cp-sS-t\sc ap∂n-´p-h-cpw.

[[[[[26]]]]] Ah¿ ]dbpw; ì\mw,

apºv \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-Øn-em-bn-cns° b-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

[[[[[27]]]]] ìAXn-\m¬ A√mlp \Ω-

fn¬ (Z-bm) Zm£nWyw sNbvXp;kpjn-c-ß-fn¬ IS-∂p-sN-√p∂ (A-Xyp -jvW-am -b) A·n -in -£-bn¬\n∂v Ah≥ \sΩ ImØp-X-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

[[[[[28]]]]] ì\mw aptº Ahs\ (hn-

fn-®p) ]m¿∞n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.\n›-b-am -bpw, Ah≥Xs∂]pWyw \¬Ip-∂-h-\pw, Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-bp-≈-h≥.í

[25] ap∂n-Spw, aptºm- v-h-cpw, t\cnSpw Ah-cn¬ Nne¿

Nne-cpsS t\sc, Nne-cpsS ta¬ ]c-kv]cw tNmZn-®p-sIm≠v [26]

Ah¿ ]dbpw \n›-b-ambpw \mam-bn-cp∂p apºv \ΩpsS

IpSpw-_-Øn¬, kz¥-°m-cn-em-b-t∏mƒ `b-s∏-´-h¿, t]Sn-°p-∂-h¿

[27] AXn-\m¬ (F-∂m¬) A√mlp Zm£nWyw (Z-b-hv, D]-Im-cw)

sNbvXv \Ωp-sS-ta¬ Ah≥ \sΩ Im°p-Ibpw sNbvXp

in£-sb, in£-bn¬\n∂v kpjn-c-ß-fn¬IqSn ]th-in-°p-∂-Xns‚

(A-Xyp-jvW-amb A·n-bp-sS) [28] \mw Bbn-cp∂p apºv,

aptº \ma-hs\ hnfn-®n-cp∂p \n›-b-ambpw Ah≥ Xs∂

]pWyw (Kp-Ww, \∑) sNøp-∂-h≥ Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmb

Ah¿ At\ym\yw ]eXpw kwkm-cn®pw tNmtZym-Ø-c-ßƒ \S-Øn-bpwsIm≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ, Xßƒ sFln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS kz¥-°m¿°n-

4619





S-bn¬ Ign-™p-Iq-Snb ImeØv A√m-lp-hns\ `-b-∂pw, Ahs‚ in£sbt]Sn-®pw, Ahs\ hnfn®p ]m¿∞n®pw sIm≠n-cp-∂-Xns‚ ê-am-bn-´mWvXßƒ°v Cu D∂-X-]-Z-hn-I-sf√mw e`-n-®-sX∂v A\p-kva-cn®p kt¥m-jn-°p-I-bm-Wv. k÷-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Zp¿÷-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]cy-h-km-\-ßƒ hnh-cn-®-tijw A√mlp \_n ˜sb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn®p ]d-bp∂p;

hn -m-Kw˛ 2

[[[[[29]]]]] BI-bm¬, (\-_n-tb) \o

Hm¿an -∏n -°pI D¬t_m-[\wsNøp-I. F∂m¬, \ns‚ d∫ns‚A\p-KlwsIm≠v \o Hcp ]iv\-°m-c-\p-a-√, `-m¥-\p-a-√.

[29] BI-bm¬ \o Hm¿an-∏n-°p-I, D]-tZ-in-°pI F∂m¬

\o A√ \ns‚ d∫ns‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v ]iv\-°m-c≥

`-m¥-\p-a√

ÿnXn-K-Xn-I-fpsS bmYm¿∞yw apI-fn¬ hnh-cn-®-Xm-Wv. F∂n-cn-s°, kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS Btcm-]Wßfp-sSbpw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-≤-ß-fmb ]kvXm-h-\-I-fp-sSbpw t\sc IÆ-S-®p-sIm≠v kXy-]-t_m-[\w XpS¿∂p-sIm-≈p-hm\pwA√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-K-lw-sIm≠v Ah-bn¬ \ns∂√mw \_n ˜ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-sW∂v kam-[m-\n-®p-sIm-≈p-hm\pw A√mlp Xncp-ta-\nsb D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bm-Wv. A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-Xzw, \_n ˜bpsS ]hm-N-I-Xzw, ]c-tem-I-Po-hnXw F∂o aq∂v hnj-b-ß-fm-Wt√m Ahn-izm-kn-Isf G‰hpw AcniwsIm≈n-°p∂ auen-I-]-[m-\-amb hnj-b-ßƒ. Chsb kw_-‘n-®mWv iXp-°-fn¬\n∂v ]I-S-am-Im-dp≈ t]°q-Øp-I-f-[n-Ihpw. Ah-bn¬ ]eXpw FSp-Øp-≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v ASpØ Ipsd hN-\-ß-fn¬ A√mlp Ah¿°v I\ØXm°o-Xp-Iƒ \¬Ip-I-bpw, Ahsc sh√p-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. a¿°-S-ap-jvSn-bpw, [n°m-c-a-\x-ÿn-Xnbpw ssIap-X-embn kzoI-cn-®n-ń-√mØ Gh-cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-ß-fn-te°v Xpf-™p-I-b-dp∂ tNmZy-ßƒ! ho≠p-hn-Nm-c-ap-≈-hsc tcmam©w sImf-fn-°p∂ hmN-I-ßƒ! Nn¥m-i-‡n-bp-≈-hsc Ccp-Øn-®n-¥n-∏n-°p∂ ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ! A√mlp tNmZn-°p∂p:˛

[[[[[30]]]]] AX-√, Ah¿ ]d-bp-

∂pthm: (A-h≥) Hcp Ihn-bmWv;Ah-\n¬ Ime (hn-])-Øns‚Bi¶ (_m-[n-°p-∂-Xv) \ap°vImØn-cn°mw F∂v?!

4620





[[[[[31]]]]]]d-bpI: \nßƒ ImØn-

cp -∂p -sIm-≈p -hn≥!˛ F∂m¬\n›-b-ambpw Rm\pw \nß-tfm-sSm∏w ImØn-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ s]´-h-\m-Wv.í

[30] AX-√, AY-hm, As√-¶n¬, Hcp ]t£ (B-tWm) Ah¿

]d-bp∂p (thm) Ihn-bmWv (F-∂v) Ah-\n¬ \mw ]Xo-£n-

°p-∂p, \ap°v ImØn-cn°mw B i¶sb (hn-]-Øn-s\) Ime-

Øns‚, ac-W-Øns‚ [31] \o ]d-bpI \nßƒ ]Xo-£n-°p(-Im-

Øn-cn-°p)-hn≥ F∂m¬ Rm≥ \nß-sfm-∂n®v ImØn-

cn-°p∂ (]-Xo-£n-°p-∂)-h-cn¬ s]´-h-\m-Wv.

apl-ΩZv tPm¬ky-°m-c-\m-Wv, ]iv\-°m-c-\m-Wv, -m¥-\mWv Fs∂ms°]d-bp∂ AtX \mhp-Iƒ Nne-t∏mƒ Cßs\ ]dbpw: Ah≥ Hcp Ihn-bmWv;GsX-¶nepw Ime-hn-]-Øp-I-fn¬s]´p Gsd-Øm-a-kn-bmsX Ahs‚ IY Ah-km\-n-®p-sIm≈pw; At∏mƒ \ap°v Ah-s\-sIm-≠p≈ ieyhpw C√m-XmIpw;AXp-hsc \mw ImØn-cn-°pI Fs∂m-s°. CXn\v Cßs\ adp-]Sn ]d-bp-hm≥ A√mlp \_n ˜-tbmSv ]d-bp∂p; Fs‚ \miw \nßƒ ImØn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \nß-fpsS \miw Rm\pw ImØn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-bn¬ GXmWvkw`-hn°p-hm≥ t]mIp-∂-sX∂v \ap°v I≠-dn-bm-a-t√m.

[[[[[32]]]]] AX-√, Ah-cpsS _p≤n-

Iƒ Ah-tcmSv C]-Imcw I¬]n-°p-I-bmtWm?! AX-√, Ah¿Iaw-sX-‰nb ([n-°m-cn-I-fm-b) HcpP\-X-bmtWm?!

[33]]]]] AX-√, Ah¿ ]d-bp-

∂pthm: ìAh-\Xv (kzbw sIń)]d-™p-≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-I-bmWvíF∂v?! ]t£, Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. [AXmWv CXn-s\ms° Imc-Ww.]

[[[[[34]]]]] F∂m¬, (A-ß-s\-bm-

sW-¶n¬) CXp-t]m-ep≈ HcphrØm¥w Ah¿ sIm≠p-h-c-s´.Ah¿ kXy-hm≥am-cm-sW-¶n¬!

4621





[32] AX√ Ah-tcmSv I¬]n-°p-∂pthm Ah-cpsS _p≤n-

Iƒ CXn-\v, CXp-sIm≠v AX√ Ah¿ AXn-Ian ([n-°m-

cn)Ifmb Hcp P\X(bm-tWm)[33] AX√ Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂pthm

Ah≥ AXv (sI-ń) ]d-™p-≠m°n ]t£, F¶n-epw, F∂m¬

Ah¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂n√ [34] F∂m-e-h¿ hcs´ Hcp

hrØm-¥wsIm≠v, h¿Ø-am-\-hp-ambn AXp-t]m-se-bp≈ Ah-cm-

sW-¶n¬ kXyw ]d-bp-∂-h¿

\_n ˜ kzbw sIń-∏-d-bp-∂-XmWv Izp¿-B≥ F∂v Ah¿ hmZn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬˛ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Ah-c-ßns\ hmZn-°p-∂p-≠v-˛ AXp-t]mse H∂vAh¿ sIm≠p-h-c-s´. Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv kXy-am-sW-¶n¬ AsXm∂v ImWm-at√m F∂v Ahsc sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Izp¿-B∂v ka-amb Hcp KŸwsIm≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Izp¿-B≥ ]c-ky-ambn H∂n-e-[nIw ]mhiyw sh√p-hn-fn-°p-I-bpw, AX-h¿°v km≤y-a-s√∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xm-W-t√m.

[[[[[ 35]]]]] AX-√, bmsXmcp

hkvXphpw C√m -sX, Ah¿(kzbw Aßv) krjvSn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bmtWm?! AX-√, Ah¿Xs∂-bmtWm kjvSm-°ƒ?!

[35] AX√ Ah¿ krjvSn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂pthm bmsXmcp

hkvXp-hp-an-√msX AX√ Ahtcm kjvSm-°ƒ

GsXmcp \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-sb-bpw˛ Ah∂v _p≤nbpw a\x-km-£n-bp-ap-s≠-¶n¬˛ DØcw apń-°p∂ tNmZy-amWv Cu hN-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xv. a\p-jy-s‚˛a\p-jys‚ amX-a√ F√m hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw Xs∂˛ D¬`h-sØ-°p-dn®v Hcp]Ir-Xn-hmZn FX-Xs∂ ka¿∞n-®m-epw, AXns‚ Ah-km\w AsXmcp]ca iq\ym-h-ÿ-bn¬ sN∂-h-km-\n-°msX \nhr-Øn-bn-√. ]c-a-iq-\y-X-bn¬\n∂v AkvXnXzw \¬Inb Hcp krjvSnI¿Ømhv A\n-hm-cy-am-W-v F∂vAh≥ kΩ-Xn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. kΩ-Xn-°m-Ø-]-£w, AXv kzbw D≠m-b-Xm-sW∂v Ah≥ iTn-t°-≠n-h-cpw. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu temIØv NnehkvXp-°ƒ ]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb Imcy-Im-cW _‘-ß-fm¬ cq]w sIm≠Xpwa‰v NneXv bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw IqSmsX kzbw cq]w ]q≠-Xp-am-sW∂vhnti-j-_p-≤n-bp-s≠-¶n¬˛ Ah≥ kΩ-Xn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ \n¿∆m-l-an-√.

4622





AtXmsS ]Ir-Xn-bmWv F√m-‰n-s‚bpw I¿Ømhv F∂p≈ Ahs‚ hmZws]mfn-bp-∂p.

[[[[[36]]]]] AX-√, BIm-i-ß-sf-

bpw, qan-sbbpw Ah¿ krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-I-bmtWm?! ]t£, (A-sXm-∂p-a-√) Ah¿ (H-∂pw) ZrV-ambnhniz-kn-°p-∂n-√.

[[[[[37]]]]]AX-√, \ns‚ d∫ns‚

JPm\-Iƒ Ah-cpsS ]°-emtWm?! AX-√, Ah-cmtWmA[n-Imcw \SØp∂-h¿?!

[36] AX√ Ah¿ krjvSn-®pthm BIm-i-ßfpw

`qanbpw ]t£ Ah¿ Dd-∏n-°p-∂n-√, ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-°p-∂n√

[37] AX√ Ah-cpsS ASp-°-em-tWm, ]°-ep-t≠m `WvUm-

c-ßƒ, JP-\m-°ƒ \ns‚ d∫ns‚ AX√ Ah-tcm, Ah-cmtWm

A[n-Imcw \S-Øp-∂-h¿, anI®v \n¬°p-∂-h¿

Ppss_-dp_v\p apXzvCw (¢VQ- º©£e øH ÒÑL) ]d-bp-I-bmWv: aKvcn_v \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ \_n ˜ kq: Xzq¿ HmXp-∂Xv Rm≥ tIƒ°-bp-≠m-bn. AhnSp∂vGƒ≤∏N ΩCG F∂v XpSßn ¿hô£«°ùŸG hsc, (35, 36, 37 hN-\-ßƒ) FØn-b-t∏mƒFs‚ lrZbw ]d-∂p-t]m-Im-dm-bn.í(_p: ap.) Ah-bn-e-S-ßnb tNmZy-ßƒtI´v At±lw kvXw`n-®p-t]mbn F∂v A¿∞w. _Zv¿bp≤-Øn¬ Nnd-]n-Sn-°-s∏-´-h¿°vth≠n tamN-\-aqeyw sImSp°p-hm-\mbn aZo-\x-bn¬ h∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p A∂v Ppss_¿ (d). A∂v At±lw hniz-kn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±lw]n∂oSv hniz-kn-°p-hm-\p≈ Hcp ImcWw AXm-bn-cp-∂p. ¿hô£«°üŸG F∂ hm°vkzmZn\v ]Icw ko≥í(tN¿Øv) ¿hô£«°ùŸG F∂pw hmb-\-bp-≠v. A¿∞-Øn¬am‰-an-√.

[[[[[38]]]]] AX-√, Xßƒ°v (I-b-dn-

s®-∂v) sNhn-sIm-SpØp tIƒ°m-hp∂ h√ tImWnbpw Ah¿°pt≠m?! F∂m¬, Ah-cn¬sNhn-sIm-SpØp tIƒ°p-∂-h≥hy‡-amb Hcp (A-[n-Ir-X) e£ywsIm≠p-h-cs´!

4623





[38] AX√ Ah¿°pt≠m h√ tImWn-bpw, GWn

Ah¿ sNhn (i-≤) sImSpØp tIƒ°pw, tIƒ°m-hp∂ AXn¬ (tI-dn-

s°m-≠v) F∂m¬ hcs´ Ah-cn¬ sNhn-sIm-Sp(Øp tIƒ)-°p-

∂-h≥ Hcp (A-[n-Ir-X-am-b) e£yhpw sIm≠v, tcJ-bp-ambn

hy‡-amb

BIm-iØv Ib-dn-s®∂v AhnsS \S-°p∂ D]-cn-tem-I-hm¿Ø-IƒtI´v a\- n-em-°n-t∏m-cp-hm-\p≈ h√ tImWn-bpw˛ AYhm am¿K-hpw˛Ah¿°ps≠∂pw, AXp-hgn \_n ]d-bp-∂Xv If-hm-sW∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂A[n-Ir-X-amb tcJ Ah-cpsS ]°-ep-s≠∂pw Ah¿ hmZn-°p-∂pt≠m? Ds≠-¶n¬ B tcJ-sbm∂v ImWs´ F∂v kmcw. a\p-jys\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfwBIm-i-tØ°v tImWn-sht®m at‰m Ib-dn-s®-√p-hm≥ km≤y-a-s√∂v hy‡-am-Wv. Pn∂v-h¿K-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \_n -bpsS BK-a-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Ah¿°pw BIm-i-tØ-°p≈ ]th-i\w apS-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.F\n, a\p-jy¿t°m Pn∂p-Iƒt°m GsX-¶nepw hnt[\ BIm-i-tØ°v Ib-dn-t∏m-Im-sa∂v k¶¬]n-®m¬ t]mepw Cu kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fpsS hmZw icn-sh-°p∂ sXfnhv Ah¿°v Fhn-sS-\n∂v In´p-hm-\mWv?!

ap≥Im-eØv ]nim-Np-°ƒ BIm-i-tØ°v Ib-dn-s®∂v ae-°p-I-fn¬\n∂v Nne hm¿Ø-Iƒ I´p-tI-ń-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, \_n -bpsS ]hm-N-I-Xz-tØm-Sp -IqSn AXv \nt»jw apS -°-s∏-ń -c n -°p -I -bm -sW-∂p -ap≈bmYm¿∞ysØ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw, AXn-s\-∏‰n Izp¿-B≥ H∂n-e-[nIwÿeØv hy‡-ambn ]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xn\v Zp¿hym-Jym-\-ßƒ \¬InXr]vXn AS-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿ Cu BbØv Ah¿s°mcp sXfn-hmbnNq≠n-°m- m-dp-≠v. CXv Ah¿°v sXfn-hm-Ip-∂n-s√∂v ta¬ hnh-cn-®-Xn¬\n∂va\- n-em-°mw. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn kq: lnPvdn\v tij-ap≈ hymJym-\-°p-dn-∏n¬ \mw th≠X hnh-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS IqSp-X-sem∂pw ]d-tb-≠p∂ Bh-iy-an-√.

[[[[[39]]]]]AX-√, Ah\v [A√m-lp-

hn\v] s]ä-°-fpw, \nßƒ°vBä-°-fp-amtWm D≈Xv?!

[39] AX√ Ah-\m-tWm, Ah-\pt≠m s]ä-°ƒ

\nßƒ°v, \nßƒt°m Bä-°fpw

4624





ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ s]ä-°-fm-sW∂v ]d-bp-I-bpw, AtX-k-a-bØvXßƒ°v s]ä-°-fp-≠m-Ip-∂-]£w £p`n-X-cm-Ip-Ibpw Ahsc sIm∂p-I-f-bp-hm≥t]mepw [rjvS-cm-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ apivcn°p-Isf D∂w sh®p-sIm-≠p-≈-XmWv Cu tNmZyw

[[[[[40]]]]] AX-√, (\-_n-tb) Ah-

tcmSv \o h√ ]Xn-^-ehpw tNmZn-®n´v (A-Xv-aq-ew) Ah¿ IS-_m-[y-X -bm¬ `mc -s∏-ń -cn -°p -∂-h -cmtWm?

[41] AX√ \o Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°p-∂pthm h√ ]Xn-^-

ehpw F∂n´v (A-Xn-\m¬) Ah¿ IS-_m-[y-X-bn¬ mc-s∏-

´-h-cm-Ip-∂p(-thm)

\_n ˜ ]t_m-[\w sNøp∂ XXz-ß-sf√mw kv]jvS-amb bmYm¿∞y-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂n´pw Ah¿ \_n ˜sb ]n≥]-‰m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv ImWp-tºmƒ,Hcp ]t£ B ]t_m-[-\-Øns‚ t]cn¬ \_n ˜ Ah-tcmSv hºn® h√]Xn-^-ehpw Bh-iy-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-s≠-∂pw, Aßs\ Ah¿°vXmßm-\m-hmØ kmº-ØnI _m≤yX G¬t°-≠n-h-∂n-´ps≠∂pw, AXp-sIm-≠m-W-h¿ \_n ˜sb ]n≥]-‰m≥ ssha-\kyw ImWn-°p-∂-sX∂pwtXm∂n-t∏mIpw! Aßs\ h√Xpw Dt≠m F∂mWv tNmZyw. AYhmAX°pw timN-\o-b-am-W-h-cpsS \ne F∂v Xmev]-cyw.

[[[[[41]]]]] AX-√, AZr-iy-⁄m\w

Ah-cpsS ASp-°¬ D≠m-bn´vAh¿ (A-Xv) Fgp-Xp-∂pthm?![AX-\p-k-cn-®mtWm Ah-cpsS Cu]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ?!]

[[[[[ 42]]]]] AX-√, Ah¿ h√

X¥hpw (\-S-Øp-hm≥) Dt±-in-°p-∂pthm?! F∂m¬, (B) Ahn-iz-kn-®n-´p-≈-h¿ Xs∂-bmWv X¥-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿.

4625





[41] AX√ Ah-cpsS ]°-ept≠m AZr-iy-⁄m-\w, (a-d-

™-hn-h-cw) F∂n- -h¿ Fgp-XpI(bm-tWm), Fgp-Xp-∂p(-thm) [42]

AX√ Ah¿ Dt±-in-°p-∂pthm h√ X¥-hpw, D]m-b-hpw,

NXnbpw F∂m¬ Ahn-iz-kn-®n-´p-≈-h¿ Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv

X¥-Øn-e-I-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ (X¥w ]nW-bp-∂-h¿)

GsX-¶nepw Ipbp-‡n-bpw, IpX-¥hpw D]-tbm-Kn®v kXy-]-t_m-[\wXS- -s∏-Sp-Øn-°-f-bm-sa∂v Ah¿°v `-mh-ap-s≠-¶n¬, AXn-\-h¿ an\-s°-tS≠m AX-h¿°v Xs∂-bmWv B]-Øm-bn-Øo-cpI F∂v Xm¬]-cyw. DZm-l-c-W-ambn; lnPvd-xbpsS apºv Ah-X-cn-®-XmWv Cu A≤ym-bw. \_n˜lnPvdx ]pd-s∏´ B cmXn \_n sb sIme-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Ah¿ KqV-ambn ]cn-]m-Sn-bn´p hoSp-h-f-™-Xpw, Xncp-ta\n A√m-lp-hns‚ Imh¬sIm≠vc£-s∏-´Xpw ]kn-≤-am-Wv. c≠p-h¿jw Ign-™-t∏m-tg°pw B hº≥am-sc√mw _Zvdn¬sh®v A¤p-X-I-c-amw-hÆw sIm√-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

[[[[[43]]]]] AX-√, Ah¿°pt≠m

A√mlp A√mØ h√ Bcm-[y\pw [ssZhhpw]?! (C-√- ) Ah¿]¶p-tN¿°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂v A√mlpalm-]-cn-ip-≤≥!

[43] AX√ Ah¿°pt≠m h√ ssZhhpw A√mlp

A√mØ A√mlp alm ]cn-ip-≤≥ Ah¿ ]¶v tN¿°p-

∂-Xn¬\n∂v

B apivcn°p-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ F¥v-amXw Zpjn-®p-t]m-bn-´p-s≠∂vA√mlp Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p:˛

[[[[[44]]]]] BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v Hcp

IjvWw hogp-∂-Xmbn Ah¿ (t\-cn¬) ImWp-∂-Xm-bmepw Ah¿]dbpw; ìXń-bn-S-s∏´ taL-amWvíF∂v!

4626





[44] Ah¿ ImWp-∂-Xm-bm-epw, I≠m¬ Hcp IjvWw, h√

IjvWhpw BIm-i-Øp-\n∂v hogp-∂-Xm-bn, hoW-Xmbn

Ah¿ ]dbpw taLw, taL-amWv Ań-bm-°-s∏´

F∂n-cns° Ah-sc-ßns\ k≥am¿Kw ]m]n°pw?! AsX, Ah¿ kXy-Øn-te°v aS-ßp-sa-∂p≈ ]Xo-£°v ]gp-Xn-√m-Ø-hÆw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ ISp-Øp-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p!

[[[[[45]]]]] BI-bm¬, (\-_n-tb)

Ah¿ t_m[w-sI v (A-Yhm ac-W-a-S-™p) t]mIp∂ B Znh-k-hp-ambn Ah¿ I≠vap -´p -∂-Xp-h-tc°pw Ahsc hnt´-°p-I.

[[[[[46]]]]] AXm-b-Xv, Ah-cpsS

X¥w H´pw-Xs∂ Ah¿°v D]-I-cn-°m-Ø, Ah¿ klmbn°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-a-√mØ (B) Znhkw!

[[[[[47]]]]] AIaw ]h¿Øn-®-h¿°v

\n›-b-ambpw AXv IqSmsX (th-sd)bpw in£-bp-≠v. F¶n-epw,Ah-cn¬ A[n-I-amfpw Adn-bp-∂n-√.

[45] BI-bm¬ Ah-sc-hn-t´-°pI Ah¿ I≠v-ap-´p-∂-Xp-

hsc Ah-cpsS bmsXmcp Znhkw AXn¬ Ah¿°v

kvXw`\w _m[n-°pw, Ah¿ t_m[w sISp-Ø-s∏-Spw, ac-hn°pw [46]

AXm-bXv D]-I-cn-°mØ (]-cym-]vX-am-Im-Ø) Znhkw Ah¿°v

Ah-cpsS X¥w H´pw, bmsXm∂pw Ah¿ klm-bn-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-a√ [47] \n›-b-ambpw bmsXm-cp-h¿°p≠v

AIaw sNbvX in£ AXv IqSmsX F¶nepw

Ah-cn¬ A[n-Ihpw Ah¿ Adn-bp-∂n√

4627





t_m[w sI´p ˛A-Yhm ac-W-s∏-´p˛ ac-hn-®p-t]m-Ip∂ Znhkw F∂v ]d-™Xv Iznbm-a-Øp-\m-fns\ Dt±-in®pw AXv IqSm-sXbpw in£-bp≠v F∂v]d-™Xv Cl-Øn¬sh®v Ah¿°v A\p-`h-s∏-Sp∂ in£-Isf Dt±-in-®p-amWv F∂sX a\- n-em-Ip-∂Xv: BZy-tØXv _Zvdn¬ Ah¿°v _m[n®in£-sb-bpw, c≠m-a-tØXv AXn-\p-ap-ºmbn Ah¿°v _m[n-®n-cp∂ ˛G-gp-sIm-√-tØmfw \o≠p-\n-∂˛ £maw t]mse-bp-≈-Xn-s\bpw Dt±-in-®m-sW-∂pw,AX√ BZy-tØXv sFlnI in£-sb-bpw, c≠m-a-tØXv ]c-temI in£-

sb-bp-amWv Ipdn-°p-∂-sX∂pw ChnsS A`-n-]m-b-ß-fp-≠v. º∏YG ¬q∏dG. GXm-bm-

epw, Cl-Ønepw ]c-Ønepw Ah¿°v in£-bps≠∂ Imcyw Xo¿®Xs∂.∂dP ¿hO F∂ hm°n\v AXv IqSmsXíF∂pw, AXn\v XmsgíF∂pw, AXn-\-∏pdwíF∂p-sams° A¿∞w hcm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p.

[[[[[48]]]]] (\-_n-tb) \ns‚ c£n-

Xm-hns‚ hn[n°v \o £an-®p-sIm-≈p-Ibpw sNøp-I. \n›-b-am-bpw,\o \ΩpsS ZrjvSn-bn-em-Ip-∂p.[\ns∂ \mw ImØp-c-£n-°pw.] \oFgp-t∂¬°p∂ ka-bØv \ns‚c£n-Xm-hns\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠vXkv_olví [kvtXmXIo¿Ø\w]

\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I.

[[[[[49]]]]] cmXn-bn¬\n-∂pw-Xs∂

(Ip -d®p ka-bw) Ah\vìXkv_olv \S-ØpI; \£X-ßƒ ]nt∂m°w sh°p-tºmgpw(\SØWw).

[48] £an-°p-Ibpw sNøpI \ns‚ d∫ns‚ hn[n°v

F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw \o \ΩpsS IÆn-emWv (Zr-jvSn-bn-em-Wv)

Xkv_olv \SØpIbpw sNøpI \ns‚ d∫ns\ kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v

\o Fgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ [49] cmXn-bn¬\n∂pw \o

Ah\v Xkv_olv sNøpI ]nt∂m°w t]m°nepw (]n-t∂m°w sh°p-

tºm-gpw) \£-X-ß-fpsS

iXp-°-fpsS \miw hnZq-c-a-√. Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ A√mlp hn[n \S-

4628





Øn-s°m-≈pw, X¬°mew Ah-cpsS D]-Z-h-ß-fn¬ £a ssIsIm-≈pIFs∂ms° \_n ˜sb D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw, Xncp-ta-\n°v A√m-lp-hns‚]tXyI Imhepw kwc-£-Whpw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v DW¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Ah-km-\-ambn A√m-lp-hns\ kvXpXn -®p -sIm≠v Xkv_olv\SØphm\pw D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ alXzsØ-bpw, ]cn-ip-≤-X-sbbpw hmgvØp-I, Ah\v kvtXmX-Io¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-ØpI Fs∂m-s°-bmWv ìXkv_olns‚ A¿∞w. CamwdmKn_v (d) Nq≠n-°m-ń-b-Xp-t]m-se,a\km hmNm I¿aWm D≠m-Ip∂ F√m Bcm-[-\-Iƒ°pw s]mXp-hm-bpw,\a-kvIm-c-Øn\v ]tXy-I-ambpw Xkv_olv F∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. ZnIvdpwXkv_olpwíAs√-¶n¬ ìXkv_olpw XIv_odpwíFs∂ms° ]d-bp-tºmƒ\mhp-sIm-≠p≈ kvtXmX-Io¿Ø-\-ß-fm-bn-cn°pw an°-hmdpw AXp-sIm-≠p-t±-iyw. A√m-lp-hns‚ kvXpXn-Io¿Ø-\-ßƒ GX-h-k-c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂m-epw,AXv al-Ømb ]pWy-I¿aw-X-s∂. F¶nepw, Nne ka-b-ßƒ ]tXyIw]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv-Xm-\pw. Cu ka-b-ß-sf-∏‰n Izp¿-B-\n¬ ]eÿeØpw ]kvXm-hn-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xm-Wv. (kq: dqw: 17, 18 apX-em-bh t\m°p-I.)

aq∂v ka-b-ß-fmWv Cu hN-\-Øn¬ FSpØp ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.H∂m-a-tØXv oΩƒo≤nJ nÚpM (F-gp-t∂¬°p-∂-k-a-b-Øv) F∂-sX. Cu ka-bw-sIm-≠p-t±iyw GXm-sW∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ hyXy-kvX-amb A`-n-]m-b-ßƒ ImWmw. Ah-bn¬ ]k-‡-am-bXv aq∂`-n-]m-b-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. 1) Dd-°-Øn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ F∂pw, 2) \a-kvIm-c-Øn\vFgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ, AYhm \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ Bcw- Øn¬ F∂pw, 3) Ccp-∂n-S-Øp-\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ F∂pw. \_n-N-cy-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Cu aq∂-h-k-c-ß-fnepw Hcp-]-Im-c-Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰mcp ]Im-c-Øn¬A√m-lp-hns‚ kvXpXn-Io¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v ]m[m\yw \¬Is∏ń´p-≈-XmbnImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ch-bn¬ H∂p-amXw kzoI-cn®p a‰p-≈hX≈n-°-f-tb-≠p∂ Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-∂n-√. Bb-Øn-em-I-s´, Hcp ]tXyIkqN\ ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p-an-√. F¶nepw H∂n\v ap≥K-W\ \¬Ip-∂-]-£w, Ccp-∂n-S-Øp-\n∂v Fgp-t∂¬°p-tºmƒ F∂ A`-n-]m-b-Øn-\m-bn-cn°pw \√-sX-∂mWv a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv. Imc-Ww, ]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn t\m°p-tºmƒ a‰p c≠-

`-n-]m-b-ßfpw AXns‚ hym]vXn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°p-a-t√m. º∏YG ¬q∏dGhc≠m-a-tØXv: cmXn-bn¬\n∂pw A¬]-k-abw (π«∏dG øe) BIp-∂p. cmXn-bn¬\a-kvImcw, ZpB apX-em-b-h°v t]cn-∏n-°p∂ [mcmfw Izp¿-B≥ hN-\-ß-fpw, \_n hN-\-ßfpw ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. aq∂m-a-tØXv: \£-X-ßƒ]nt∂m°w sh°p∂ kabw (ΩƒéædG QÉHOG) BIp-∂p. ] -mXw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-hm≥ XpS-ßp-∂-tXmsS \£-X-ßƒ AkvX-an-®p-Xp-S-ßp-a-t√m. Cu ka-b-amWv CXp-sIm≠v hnh-£. ta¬]-d™ Hmtcm Ah-k-c-Øn-s‚bpw ]m[m\yw

4629





\_n-N-cy-bn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂v ImWn-°p∂ Nne DZm-l-c-W-ßƒImWpI:˛

1. \a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ Bcw- -Øn¬ (X-Iv_o-dn-\p-ti-jw) \_n ˜C]-Imcw ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn Camw AlvaZv (d) apkvenw (d) apX-em-b-h¿ D≤-cn-°p∂p: ºgÒZ h ~ªMG-n∑oôr«nZ ¬dEG n’nh n∑~L ¤Én©nJ nh n∂oªr°SG n∑nQÉnÑnJnh n∑p~rªnëpHnh sºo¡q∏dG n∂nfÉnërÑo°S(kmcw: A√m-lp-th, \ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤nsb Rm≥ hmgvØp-Ibpw \ns∂ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \ns‚ \maw hfsc ta≥a-tb-dn-b-Xm-Wv. \ns‚ alXzwhfsc D∂-X-am-Wv. \ob-√msX Bcm-[y-t\-bn-√.)

2. \_n ˜ Ahn-SpsØ Pohn-X-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-Im-e-ß-fn¬ Ccp-∂n -S -Øp -\n∂v Fgp -t∂-‰p -t]m -Ip -tºmƒ Cßs\ ]d-™n-cp∂p:ºcÉ◊Gh»FÉ°ùædGh OhGOƒHG- n∂r«ndEG oÜƒoJCG nh n∑oôpØr¨nàr°SG nârfCG s’EG n¬dEG n’ r¿CG oo~n¡r°TCG n∑p~rªnëpHnh sºo¡q∏dG n∂nfÉnërÑo°S (kmcw:A√m-lp-th, \ns‚ ]cn-ip-≤nsb hmgvØp-Ibpw \ns∂ kvXpXn-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂p. \o A√msX Cem-ln-s√∂v Rm≥ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. \nt∂mSvRm≥ ]m]-tam-N\w tXSp-I-bpw, \ns‚ ASp-°-te°v Rm≥ ]›m-Ø-]n®paS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. (A; Zm; lm.)

3. Bbnix (d) ]d-bp∂p: ]`m-X-Ønse c≠v dIv-A-Øns\ (kzp_vlv\a-kvIm-c-Øns‚ apºp≈ kp∂Øv \a-kvIm-c-sØ)°pdn®v \_n Xncp-ta\n˜ kq£vaX ImWn-°p∂ AX-b-[nIw kq£vaX as‰mcp sF—nI (kp-∂-Øv) \a-kvIm-c-sØ-°p-dn®pw Ahn-Sp∂v ImWn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. (_p; ap.)

4. \_n Acp-fn-s®-øp∂p: tl, a\p-jy-tc, \nßƒ kemw ]Ncn-∏n-°p-hn≥, £-W-Zm\w sNøp-hn≥, a\p-jy¿ Dd-ßn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ (cm-Xn) \a-kvI-cn-°p-hn≥, F∂m¬ \nßƒ°v kam-[m-\-tØmsS kz¿K-Øn¬]th-in-°mw. (Xn.)

5. BCix (d) ]d-bp∂p: \_n ˜ cmXn-bpsS BZy-Øn¬ Dd-ßp-Ibpw AXns‚ Ah-km-\-Øn¬ \a-kvIm-c-Øn\v \n¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. (_p; ap.)

6. Hcp P\X Hcp kZ- n¬ Ccp-∂n´v AXn¬sh®v Xosc A√m-lp-hns‚ ZnIv¿ (kva-c-W) \S-°msX AXn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰p t]mIp-∂-]£wB kZ v Ah¿°v tZmj-I-chpw \jvSIchpambn´√msX hcn-I-bn√ F∂vA_q-Zm-hqZpw Xn¿a-Znbpw (d) D≤-cn-°p∂ Hcp lZo-Yn¬ h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

π° ØdGh áæŸG ∂dh ~ª◊G ∂dh ÉæHQ º¡∏dG ∂fÉëÑ°S

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