QLDA Bai3v1.2 Final

8/2/2019 QLDA Bai3v1.2 Final

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Bi 3. Lp k hoch thc hin d

n1. Bng cng vic 2. c lng3. Kim sot ri ro4. Lp tin thc hin

5. Phng php lp lch biu 6. Phn b lc lng, ti nguyn 7. Tnh chi ph


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Cc mc tiu i vi phn ny Gii thch mi quan h gia Sn phm vcng vic

Cung cp phng php lp lch biu Cung cp k nng thc hin c phn tchnh gi riro d n

Cung cp k nng qun lriro hiu qu


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1. nh ngha v Bng Cng

Vic(Work Breakdown structure - WBS)

WBS lmt danh sch chi tit nhng g cn lm hon thnh mt d n.

Nu lm WBStt, s xc nh chnh xc ccbc hon thnh d n.Tham gia xydng WBS:ngi qun l d n, khch hng, thnh vint, ngi ti tr d n.


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Vai tr Bng Cng Vic (WBS) WBS lc s c lng chi ph.TWBSs c 1 bc tranh chungvkinh phd n

WBS lc s xc nh trch nhim gia cc c nhnWBS l c s xy dng lch trnh thc hin d n.


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Cc tnh cht ca WBS ... C chiu hng trn xung.Vd:Chun b dn bi chomtbi vn.Ch : Quanh gia m t cng vicv mt sn phm Sn phm: danh t

u vo,u ra,ng tc x l


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Cc tnh cht ca WBS Cng vic: ng t, m t mt qu trnh hot ng, x l

WBS cth c phn thnh nhiu mc. Khngphi tt c "nhnh" ca WBS u cn chi tit cng s mc. Mi mc cho php to ra lch biu v bo co tmttthng tinti tng mc .WBSvit"ci g",ch khngvit "nh thno";Trnh t ca tng cng vicl khng quantrng.Ch xc nh trnh t trong giaion lp lch trnh


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Ngun thng tin xy dng WBS Ti liu:

Ti liu c lin quan ti d n: Phc tho d n,

bo co nghin cu tin kh thi, bo co nghincu kh thi Ti liu khng lin quan ti d n: cho cc thngtin ph tr. V d: s t chc c quan, cc thtc hnh chnh, quy tc lm vic, ...

Con ngi: Nhng ngi c mi quan htrc tip, hay gin tip, vi d n.


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Cu trc chi tit WBS WBS baogmhai thnhphn chnh.

Danh sch sn phm: DSSP (Product Breakdown

Structure)Danh sch cng vic: DSCV (Task BreakdownStructure)


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Danh sch sn phm ...Mt theo trnht t trn xung Mc phn cp tu theo phc tp ca sn phm. Ni chung,sn phm cng phc tp th s cc mc cng ln hn.Sn phm ton b v tng sn phm conc m t bng danh t.


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Sn phm con C

Sn phm

Sn phm con A

Sn phm con B

Sn phmcon B.1

Sn phm con B.2

Danh sch sn phm


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Danh sch cng vic ...Xcnh cc cng vic cn thc hin.DSCVc chia thnh nhiu mc v m t t trn xung di.DSCV cth c chia thnh cc mc khcnhau, mc phn cp tu thuc vo phc tp ca sn phm ton b hay sn phmcon.Micng vic u c m t bng ng t (hnh ng)v mt b ng.


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Danh sch cng vic

Xc nh B-1Ci ra

Xc nh X l 1 Xc nhX l 2 Xc nh X l 3

Xc nh B-1Ci vo

Xc nh B-1X l


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Xy dng WBS ... Cc mc tiu d nc chia nh thnh cc phn cth qun l chovic chuyngiao

Cc mc tiud n

Sn phmbn giaoXc nh cc kt qu bn giao

Th hin vic chuyn giao mt phn hu ch ca mc tiu d n .


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Xy dng WBS Cc cng vic cn t c cc kt qu bn giao mc c xc nh trong WBS

Mc tiud n

k hoch cng vic

nh ngha k hoch

Sn phmbn giao

Xc nh kt qu bn giao


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Kt hp c 2 danh sch ... C phn DSSP v DSCVu c nh mduy nht. M s xc nh v tr, haymc, ca

phn t trong WBSLu:Na trn ca WBS baogmcc m t sn phm Na di ca WBS baogm cc m t cng vic (ra c sn phm)


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Kt hp c hai danh sch

V d WBS chi tit

Sn phm (0.0)

Sn phm con A (1.0) Sn phm con B (2.0) Sn phm con C (3.0)

Sn phm con B.1 (2.1) Sn phm con B.2 (2.2)

M t X l 1 (2.1.2.1)

M tX l 2 (2.1.2.2)

M t X l 3 (2.1.2.3)

M t B-1 u vo, X l (2.1.2), u ra


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Cc cch dn dng khc nhautrn mt WBS

a/ Dn dngtheo sn phm b/ Dn dngtheo trnh t c/ Dn dng theo trch nhim


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a/ Dn dng theo sn phm

Bn n 1.1

Nh mi 0.0

Phng bp1.0

Phng khch2.0

nh sng2.1

Phng ng 3.0

T bp 1.2 Trang tr2.2

Salon2.3


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b/ Dn dng theo giai on

Ghp st1.1

Nh mi 0.0

Mng b tng1.0

Tng 1 2.0

Xy gch 2.1.1

Trt2.1.2

Tng 2.1

Tng 2 3.0

mng 1.2 Ca 2.2

Trn 2.3


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c/ Dn dng theo trch nhim

Ca 1.1

Nh mi 0.0

g1.0

N2.0

Xy gch 2.1.1

Trt2.1.2

Tng 2.1

in 3.0

Cu thang 1.2 Trn 2.2 B nc 2.3


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Phn chia cng vic theo giai on

Giai onMc 1

Sn phm Sn phm Mc 2

Cng vic Cng vic Cng vic Cng vic Mc 3.


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Phn chia cng vic theo giaion ...

Cc cng vic a ra kt qu bn giao

gp phn vo cc mc tiu ca d n

D n

Giai on

giai on

Sn phm

mc WBS

1

2

3


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Phn chia cng vic theo giai on

D ngiai on

giai on

cng vic

Sn phm

cc bc

McWBS

1

2

3

4

5


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Lm th no a ra mt bngcng vic

Tch cc giaion thnh tng sn phm Tch cc sn phm thnh tng cng vic

Cc cng vic nh d dng c tnh vqun lhn tng giaion ln Cc cng vic cn:

Thng khngnh hn 7 ngi/gilm vic Thng khngnhiu hn 70 ngi/gilm vic Thng khngs dng nhiu hn 2 ngun Thng xuyn cmt vn bn cng vicxc nh


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Cc ni dung cn thit cho m tcng vic

nh hng kt qubn giaoTrch nhim ca mtc nhn

C hn i vi vic bt u v ktthc n vcng vicc th qun lc D hiu

C th o lng c


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Cc cch trnh by khc nhau ivi WBS

Trnh by trn bng trng to, giy dnh muvng

V WBS trn bng trng to, v cho n khino xong th thi, chp ra giy V trn giy. Khng thch hp i vi cc dn ln V trn my tnh. D sa i Trong mi cch trnh by, cui cng WBS btbuc phi in ra giy.


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t ti s ng thun (gim thius chng i)

Ly ch k ca nhng ngi c lin quan(trc tip hoc gin tip)

Chun b bn tho ca WBS, gi cho mi ngi c trc Hp tho lun, i n nht tr v k


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nh gi mt WBS tt Minhnh ca WBSc chi tit ti mc thp nht

Mi ca WBSc nh s duy nht.Mi ca Danh sch sn phm c th hin bng danh t (v tnht) Mi ca Danh sch cng vic c th hin bng ng t v b ng.Micng vic trong WBS,u c xc nh y

c phn hi v chp thun t mi ngi lini n WBS


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Kim sot cc phin bn caWBS

Nguyn tc: khng bao gi nn vt b ccphinbn trc, cn bit c nhng rc

ri nysinh dos thay i. i khi cth quyt nh tr li k hoch gc ca mnh.Cn ghi ngy thng chotng phin bn nh s hiuphinbn.


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2. c lng c lng thi gian khhn xy dng bng cng vic.

c lng thi gian cho micng vic nh, c lng ton b thi gian DAc lng thi gian s l c s nh gitin ca qu trnhthc hin d n.Xc nh cng vicquan trng,cng vicnophilm trc cng vicno


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Tr ngi gp phi khi c lng Thiuthng tin,thiutrithc.Khnglng trc c nhng phc tp k

thut Khng lng trc c s ho thun haybt ha ca nhng thnh vin khithc hin d n

Sau khi a ra mt c lng thi gian ri, c lng c th b nhng kin khcgp :c tnh thungn li hoc dn di ra.Sc p ca cp trn: thng mun thu ngn thi gian thc hincng vic.


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Tr ngi gp phi khi c lng Thiu thi gian cn nhc, tnh ton.Thiu thi gian gp g, trao i vi cc thnh vin,vikhch hng.Hn hp vkinh ph.Ngi khc (khch hng, thnh vind n)khng cungcp (hocche du) thng tin.Pht biu khng r rngv mc ch, mc tiu, kt qu. nhng c lng v thi gianu ch l cm tnh m khngda trn nhng cn c chnh xc.BngCng Vic c xy dng khng tt


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Lu Trc khic lng thi gian cho cngvic, nn xem lixem WBS vit r rng,

chi tit cha.Vi cc cng vic gn ging nhau => c lng thi gian cng gn gingnhau,Khng baogi c c c lng chnh xchon ton.Vic c lng mang tnhchquan.Hyvitti liukhic lng.


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Cc k thut lm c lng c lng phi khoahc S PERT

Nng sut ton cc


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c lng phi khoa hc Da trn kinhnghim chquan, cm tnhnhanh v ddng, kt qu thiutincy.

Ch nn dng trong cctrng hp: i ng chuyn mn rt c kinh nghim, c k nng cao, ihnh c nh D n quy nh, bt buc phitheo


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c lng PERT c lng kh d nht (ML-Most Likely)c lng lc quan nht (MO-Most

Optimistic)c lng bi quan nht (MP-MostPerssimistic)c lng cuicng tnh theo cngthc:

(MO + 4(ML) + MP)/6


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Nng sut ton cc(Global Effective Factor - GEF)

Khim khuyt Phn trm

Tinh thn thp 15%

K nng cha cao 5%

Cha quen lm trong dn

10%

Trang thit b khng tt 5%

M t cng vic m h 10%

Tng cng 45%

Nng sut ton cc 100% - 45% = 55%

Thi gian l tngT gi: 100%Thi gian c lng x gi: 55%

x = T / 0.55 gi


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Cc bc khi lm c lng

Cn sa? k v phn pht bin bn Khng

C

Hp chung

C WBS tt

Thc hin tnh ton

lp bng c lng

Lp danh sch nhng ngi cn trao i

Hp ring


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4. Kim sot ri ro Riro l mt s kinc th e dov cn tr d n thc hin nhng mong mun c

xc nh trong ti liu d n ca nhng c ng.Kim sot ri ro nhm ngn chn v gim thiu nhng tn tht do ri ro gy ra cho d n


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Ti sao li cn qun l ri ro Tt c cc d n u ph thucvo riroTintrnhs khngng theo k hoch trong

mt s giaion ca d nRiro khngth c loi tr trit


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Vai tr ca qun l ri ro

Gim thiu nh hng ca cc s ckhng bit trc

Nng cao xc sut thc hin thnh cng dn To ra thc kim sot C c cc gii php hiu qu v kp thi


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Cc cng vic Qun l ri ro Sa i licc c lng thi gian v chi ph

xut k hoch d phng, kinh phd phngTn dng s tham gia,phi hp ca mi ngi vo vic hn ch riro.Tp trung vokimsot nhng cng vic trng

yu nht, c nh hng ln nht n s thnhcng ca d n.Lp bng "Qunlriro", cdng sau:


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Lp biu phn tch ri ro M t Gi

thit Xcsut

nhhng

Phnng

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

M t: Xc nh vn (riro)Gi thit: Hon cnh

c th lm xut hin riroXc sut: c lng kh nng xut hin(%) nh gi nh hng i vi d nCch gii quyt (i sch)


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Nm bc Qun l ri ro 1. Xcnh cc mc riro ban u ca d n2. Lpthnh vn bn cc loi riro c th

3. Tinhnh phn tchnh hng riro4. Xydng v trinkhai k hoch qun l ri

ro

5. Gim st vcp nht ti liu v riro


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Xc nh cc mc ri ro ban uca d n (bc 1)

Phn loi riro d n:vnc sn

lin quann cc vn d n c th qun lnhng khng th loi tr loi riro ny

Acquiredlin quann cc gii php d n phi kimsot trn nhng riro vn c vc nhng riro lanrng


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Xc nh ri roXc nh ra nhng s kin khng mongmun c th xyra (gil nhng e do)

Ch : C 2loi riro (e do):Ri ro khng th d on trc (ho hon, cngi cht t t, khng b, ....), hoc xc sut xyra qu thp

Riro c th d on trc => Ch nn ngh n nhng loi riro c th d on c


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V d: ... Mt n nhn vin ngh sinh con (d on trc c) Mt trm(khngd on trc c) Mt nhn vin c c quan b tr cho i hc nc ngoi trongnhiuthng (on trc c) Mt k s gii b sang c quan (hoc Cng ty) khc(phi d on trc)

Mtnhn vin no b tai nn giao thng, tainn lao ng (khngd on c) My tnhb virus(phi lng trc)


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V d:Gi thuvn phng tng (d on c) Th trng phi hp quc hi trong nhiu

tun,khng ai kt trnh(d on c) Thay i bmy lnho, ban lnh o mi c th khng theo did n t u, khngto iu kin thun li (d on c???) Hng ho, thit b v mun hn so vi d kin (d on c) Tin mtgi (d on trc)

v.v...


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Ch ra cc loi ri ro c th(bc 2)

Mt l do

Hu qu Xc sut cc hot ng phng nga v bt ng


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Phn tch nh hng (bc 3) S dng quy trnh lp thnh vn bn vthng quaCh nh mt gi tr cho:

s nh hng e.g. 1 (nh) to 5 (chnh)

kh nng xy ra e.g. 1 (t xa) n 10 (c th)

5 c th l 50:50 Duy tr mt danh sch xp hng cc ri rod n


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Bng phn loi nguy him Tc ng n DA

Thp Trung bnh Cao

Kh nngXy

ra

70-90%

Trung bnh(TB)

Cao Khng chp nhn(KCN)

40-60%

Thp Cao Khng chp nhn(KCN)

10-30%

Thp Trung bnh(TB)

Cao


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Bc 4 Quy trnh qun l ri ro

Xc nh mc ri ro ban u

ca d nlp thnh vn bn cc ri ro c

th tin hnh phn tch nh hng

ri roxy dng v

trin khai k hoch qun l ri ro

gim st v cp nht cc ti liu ri ro

Xc nh Phn tch Qun l Gim st

bc1

bc2

bc3

bc4


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Lp k hoch phng nga ri ro(Contingency Planning)

Lp biu phn tch ri ro Lit k cc gi thit

Cn c s ng h ca nhng ngi chutc ng ca ri ro. Vi nhng "s c" xy ra m khng d kin c, cn ghi li nht k


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Ngn nga (v d) a ra o to b sung cho cc lptr nh vin ( gim ri ro tim nng)hoc Thu hp ng vi cc lp tr nh vin c nhiu kinh nghim (loi b ri ro tim

nng)


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Hng dn hnh ng ngn nga Bo m rng chi ph s thp hn chiph ca nguy c ri ro Bo m rng chi ph s thp hn chiph ca hnh ng bt ng

iu c bit quan trng l s khngxy ra hnh ng bt ng


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Bc 5. Qun l ri ro hiu qu c Phng nga hn l cha tr

nh gi ri ro theo thi k trong sut vngi ca d n Kt hp cht ch mt quy trnh lin tc v xcnh ri ro, phn tch, qun l v r xt Khng i qu gii hn v kt thc khngchnh xc!Mc hp l ca qun l ri ro chun s khng tn nhng n lc v l.


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Cn ghi li nht kM t quan

trng Ngi chu

trchnhim

Ngy giiquyt

[1] [2] [3] [4]

Mt, thut li s c Tm quan trng ca s c.Tn ngi gii quyt s c.Thi gian vn c hay s c gii quyt.


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5. Lp tin thc hin(Scheduling)

BngCng Vic cha c thng tin gipPM lp k hoch, t chc, kimsot v kt

thc d n ca mnh mt cch hiu qu.Cng c chnh gip bn hon thnh iu ny l Lch biu v tin thc hin d n.


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Mc ch ca lch biu Cho bit trt t thc hincng vic Cho bitngy bt u, ktthc cngvic

Lmc s qun l vkimsot tin pt mt k lutln d nTng cng thc tp th

Th hindng ti nguyntng giaion Cho php xc nh cng vic ch cht / khngch cht


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Ti sao mt s PM li khng xydng lch biu

Li bing(Cch khc phc: Bt philm)Thiu k nng, khngc hun luyn(Cch

khc phc: bt i hc) Thiu thi gian (Cch khc phc: nhn thc c tt yu) Thiu s hp tc, khng ly c thng tint ngikhc. (khc phc: thuyt phc,...)Khngnm c mc ch, mc tiu v ccyu cu ca d n


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Thm lch trnh vo WBS Danh mc cng vicc thm vi:

cc cng vic ph thuclin quan

c t nh s n lc & thhn ngun

mc tiunghip v

K hoch cng vic

nh ngha k hoch

Sn phmbn giao

Xc nh kt qu bn giao


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Xc nh cc nhim v ph thuc Cng vicg cn hon thnh trc khinhim vnyc th bt u? Nhng nhim v g c th c thc hin khi cngvicny ktthc?Gim ti a mt chuidi cc nhim v ph thuc Thc hin cc nhim v song song vi nhau khi cth Xem xtnhng khongcchXem xts chng choChuyncc thng tinph thuc vo mt cng c lp k hoch


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Ln lch trnh cn... Gim ti a thi gian b ph Tn dng ti a cc ngun Dn xp ch tha v ch thiu ca cc ngun Xem xt cc hn ch ca:

cc nhim v ph thuc cc ngun sn c

L mt quy tr nh lp li thi gian biu ca quy tr nhr xt thi gian biu sa thi gian biu lp li thi gian biu

Hon th nh vi mt cng c ln lch tr nh t ng


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R xt lch trnh R xt li s h tr

S Gantt biu mng tm tt s dng ngun

bo co ph bnh nhim v Xem xtthi gian lng ph ngun lao ng cao nht v thp nht cc nhim v ph bnh gn cc nhim v ph bnh

nhng ngun qu c Gim thi gian lng ph bng cch tng cc mc ngun gim bt cc nhim v ph thuc, tc l tin hnh ng thi nhiuhn cc nhim v


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nh gi lch trnh

Mt k hoch lm vic tt xc nh c cc mc tiu vphmvica cng vic

N xc nh s n lc, ngun v lch trnh s p ng nhu cu ca tng mc tiuN rt thc tv bao gm phn d phngN s dngcc ngun hiu quv hp l

N thit lp mttiu chun kimtra tintrnh cngvic N rt dduy tr v lunsn c nhiuthng tin


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6. Phng php lp lch biu: Biu mng PERT (Program Evaluationand Review Technique) hayPhng phpng ti hn (Critical Path Method- CPM)S thanh GANTThin c s dng rng ri. Sn phmMS Project

Bi i (ADM


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Biu mi tn (ADM- Arrow.Diagramming Method )

L phng php truyn thng. S dng cc k hiu v m t bng li.Nt biu din cho mt mc s kin (bt u hayhon thnh mt cng vic). Mtnt cha mt m s duy nht.Mi tn ni hai nt biu din cho mt hot ng (vd: hot ng "Thc hincng vicA").Pha trn mi tn m t v hot ng ny.Cui mi tn l 1 cp s S-F (Start-Finish)


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V d

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

8 9

2,18

1,1 2,3 4,6 7,9 10,15 17,18 19,20

11,17 2,10

bt u Kt thc

Thc hin A Thc hin B Thc hin C Thc hin D Thc hin E Thc hin F

Thc hin K

Thc hin G Thc hin H

Thc hin I

Thc hin J

ng gng


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Biu hnh hp (PDM -Precedence.Diagramming Method )

Hp ch nht: biu th cho mtcng vic Gc trn bn tri: ngyBt u Sm (ES) v Kt thc Sm (EF)Gc trn bnphi: ngy Bt u Mun(LS) v ngyKtthc Mun(LF)Gc dibn tri: ms ca cng vic Gc dibn phi: thigian thc hin Gia hp: m tcng vic (ng t) Mitn: th hin th t cng vic: F-S, S-S, F-F


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V d 4,5 4,5

Thc hin C

500 2 ngy

2,3 2,3

Thc hin B

400 2 ngy

6,7 6,7

Thc hin E

700 2 ngy

1,1 1,1

Thc hin A

300 1 ngy

2,4 3,5

Thc hin D

600 3 ngy

F - S

F - S

S - S F - S

F - S

T h th h


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Tnh ngy thng cho cc cngvic

BS (bt u sm- Early Start):thi giansm nhtc th bt u cng vic

KS (ktthc sm - Early Finish):thi gian sm nhtc th ktthc cngvic BM(bt u mun - Late Start):thi gianmun nhtc th bt u cng vic KM (kt thc mun - Late Finish):thi gian mun nhtc th ktthc cngvic


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7. Phn b lc lng, ti nguyn C 3 loiti nguyn: laong, trang thit b, vt t.

u tin cho cc cngvictrn ng gng.u tin cho cngvic phc tp trongnhng cng viccng c th gin


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Ngun ca d n l nhng g? Con ngi - l nhng ngi c la chn cho i d n. H th hincc kinhnghimv k nng sn sng hon thnh mc tiu.Thit b - Thit b cn thitcho d n. N c thbaogm t nhng thit b ln n my tnh v nhng cng c kimtra c bit.Vn phng phm - l nhng dng cn thit chod n. N c th bao gm nhng th t giyv btch n a mmv cc vtkhc.Ti chnh - ccngun ti chnh l tin la v cccam kt cn thit thu c khi cn thit, ngun

thu nhp ca d n.


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hnh ti nguyn Trc nm ngang: Trc thi gian (ngy, tun, thng, v.v...)

Trc thng ng: Thi gian tch lu (gi) (Cummulative Time) ng ngang: Thi gian tch lu m mt nhn vins lm victrong mi thi khong trn trcX.


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V d

Thi gian tch lu (gi)

16

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Trc thi gian

hnh ti nguyn- khng bng phng


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ngha ca hnh ... Chdng cao: nhn vin lmvic nhiu gi Ch thp xung: nhn vin lmvict gi (c

thi gian ri) hnh khng bng phng => Chng t phn philao ng khngu

hnh c 1 s ch dng cao => Chng t PMph thucvo 1 vi nhn vingii


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8. Tnh chi phTrcng laong (phn ln) Hun luyn, hng dn anh em

My mc, trangthit b lm vic i li,trao i Tinnghi lmvic: Nh, bngh,

Vn phng phm.ThigianThng tin


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Bn kiu tnh chi ph Chi phc tnh,Chi ph ngn sch,

Chi phthc t, Chi phc lng khi hontt


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Chi ph c tnh (Estimate costs) c tnh trc khid n bt u.Khon tin d kincho micng vic

Cch tnhLp bng tnh chi ph (Nn dng EXCEL)Chi ph khc:

TinnghiThng tin i li v.v.....


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V d S

hiucngvic

M tcngvic

Tincng,tin

lng

Thitb

Vnphn

gphm

Thitb, ng/

vtliu

Hunluyn

Khc Tng

Tng

Chi ph ngn sch (Budget


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Chi ph ngn sch (BudgetCosts)

L phnb tinvo cc hng mc Tng s tinchnh lbng Chi phd kin


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Chi ph thc t (Actual Costs) ... Lp bng theo di chi tiuthc t, c cp nht lin tc

Pht sinh trongthc t thc hin d n.Bit c tnh trng chi tiu cho mi cngvic: lm chi (overrun) hoc chi cn d (underrun)


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Chi ph thc t (Actual Costs) Bngtheo di cdng sau:

Nu lm chi v chi cnd l nh: bnh

thng Nu lmchi v chi cnd l ln: phi tmnguyn nhnVd v cc nguyn nhn tiucc ca s tin chi cha ht: c lng sai, cht lng cng vickm, lmu, ...


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88

V d S

hiucngvic

M tcngvic

ctnh

Ngnschcduyt

%honthnh

(today)

cphpchi

(today)

Thcchi

(today)

Lmchi/chi

cnd

Tng

( 1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)(4)x(5) (7)-(6) (4)+(8)2.1.1 CV A 4,650 4,650 100% 4,650 5,000 350 5,0002.1.2 CV B 3,950 3,950 75% 2,962 4,000 1,038 4,9882.1.4 CV C 1,137 1,137 60% 682 1,200 518 1,655...

2.2.2 CV F 5,804 5,804 60% 3,482 3,000 -482 5,322Tng 15,541 15,541 11,776 13,200 1,424 16,965


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D phng m bo an ton cho kinh ph.Thng thng: t 5% - 7% tng kinh phd

kin Kinh phd kinc th dng vo bt k vic g m PMthy l cn thit(trongphm vi chophp).


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Kt lun

Sau khi xc nh c mc ch, cch tt nht thc hin c cc mc tiu l to

ra cu trc phn vic, xy dng cc c lng, xy dng lch biu, cp pht tinguyn, tnh chi ph,qun lriro.

Documents

QLDA Bai3v1.2 Final