Unit 22 Environmental Protection

Teaching Contents

I.背景介绍 Get to know the earthII. 词汇精讲III. 补充阅读IV. 拓展训练

Background knowledge:

What do you know about the earth?1. Formed ~4.6 billion years ago

2. The third planet from the Sun

3. The fifth largest planet

4. The only planet known to harbor life

5. Mostly covered in water

6. Has four distinct seasons

7. Has an atmosphere that sustains life

8. Has a magnetic field

…

The astounding facts

1. Every year, 14 million children under the age of five die of unnecessary causes, mostly from disease, in the developing world.

2 ． In the world today, approximately 128 million children do not attend school, mostly because there is no school to attend.

3. Every day 40,000 children die from preventable diseases. 4. The human population of the world is expected to be nearly tripled

by the year 2100. 5. Every day 50 to 100 species of plants and animals become extinct

as their habitat and human influences destroy them.

How many environmental problems, effects and disasters do you know?

acid rain, climate change, water/air/noise/land pollution, natural disasters, global warming, the greenhouse effect, population growth,endangered animals, overfishing, poverty, overhunting, …

Can you name one of the natural disasters?

lightning( 闪电 ) thunderstorm hurricane 飓风tornado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风 cyclone 暴风tsunami( 海啸 ) glaciers 冰河 floods

mudslide( 泥石流 ) blizzard( 暴风雪 ) avalanche( 雪崩 )

volcanic eruption earthquake aftershock( 余震 )

Landslide 山崩 heat wave forest fires

drought 干旱…

Consequences of Global Warming

1. Ice Sheets Melting (Melting Glaciers)

2. Rise in Sea Levels

3. droughts in certain area

4. Increase in Hurricanes

5. Wildlife goes extinct

6. Effects on humans

Possible Solutions to Global Warming• Conservation （保护）

– Reduce energy needs

– Reuse

– Recycling

• Alternate energy sources– Nuclear

– Wind

– Geothermal( 地热的 )

– Hydroelectric( 水力发电的 )

– Solar

– Fusion( 核聚变，合并 )?

Endangered species

It is reported that 75 species are extinct every day, and 3 every hour.

Why are Animals Endangered?

Natural Causes

Human-Induced （引起） Causes

Why are Animals Endangered?

Natural CatastrophesEarthquakesVolcanoesClimatic changesForest firesSevere weather

Natural Causes

Why are Animals Endangered?

Natural Causes:Failure to Adapt

Survival of the fittest

Inability to compete for food

Inability to compete for territory

Failure to protect the young

Disease

Why are Animals Endangered?

Human-Induced Causes:

Loss of HabitatHuman over population

Human need for housing, industry, farming, cities

Why are Animals Endangered?

Break in the Food Chain

Food competition

Human Induced Causes:

All living things are connected to each other. It is like a web. When we remove anything in nature, something else is affected.

Why are Animals Endangered?

Human Induced Causes:

Hunting and TrappingIllegal poaching （偷猎） for fur,

tusk （象牙） , and body parts Trapped for zoos

Why are Animals Endangered?

Human Induced Causes:

PollutionLitter Contaminated waterPesticides （杀虫剂）

Solutions: what can we do in our daily life?

Cut your electricity bills

Lighting:1. Use the minimum number of lights.

2. Use sunlight as much as possible.

3. Use energy-saving bulbs

4. Keep bulbs clean.

5. Turn off lighting if it is not needed.

Air conditioner:1. Avoid installing your air-conditioner in direct sunlight.

2. Draw curtains to keep the sunlight out.

3. Pre-set air-conditioner to 25°C which is a comfortable energy efficient temperature.

4. At night, set your air-conditioner to "low cool" and use the timer to switch it off about one hour before you wake up.

5. Use fan instead of air conditioner

as often as possible.

Fridge:1. Make sure your fridge is in a cool place away from direct

sunlight.

2. Allow hot food to cool before placing it in the fridge.

3. Don't over-crowd your fridge's shelves.

4. Empty and switch off your fridge if going on a long vacation.

5. Try not to open and close the fridge too often.

Cut your water bills1. Take a shower instead of a bath.

2. A low-flow shower head also saves water and heating energy.

3. Remember to turn off the taps after use.

4. Water can be used again. Use the water to wash the floor after bathing.

5. Adjust the flushing water to a minimum required level.

Cut your transportation bills

1. Use public transport. Walk or ride a bicycle whenever you can.

2. Try to form a car pool when travelling with your friends or colleagues.

3. Think before buying a car.

4. If you drive a car, avoid peak time.

5. If you drive at high speed, close windows.

CUT DOWN ON UNNECESSARY WASTE

Cut your paper bills1. Cut down on gift wrapping paper.

2. Use less plastic bags and use durable bags or baskets.

3. Reuse envelopes.

4. Avoid using paper cups.

5. Use double-side print

Vocabulary

汉译英1. 巧合 n. c______

2. 回收利用 vt./n. r ______

3. 偶尔 adv. o ______

4. 潜在的 adj.; 潜力 n. p ______

5. 有关的，切题的 adj. r ______

6. 适当的，恰当的 adj. a ______

7. 壮观的，雄伟的 adj. s ______

6. 暂停，中止 vt. s ______

Vocabulary

汉译英1. 巧合 n. coincidence

2. 回收利用 vt./n. recycle

3. 偶尔 adv. occasionally

4. 潜在的 adj.; 潜力 n. potential

5. 有关的，切题的 adj. relevant

6. 适当的，恰当的 adj. appropriate

7. 壮观的，雄伟的 adj. spectacular

6. 暂停，中止 vt. suspend

词性变换1. ecology n. _______ adj. 生态学的2. mountain n. _______ adj. 多山的，巨大的3. sink v. _______ adj. 不会下沉的4. danger n. _______ vt. 危及5. consult v. _______ n. 顾问6. finance n./vt. _______ adj. 财政的，金融的

词性变换1. ecology n. ecological adj. 生态学的2. mountain n. mountainous adj. 多山的，巨

大的3. sink v. unsinkable adj. 不会下沉的4. danger n. endanger vt. 危及5. consult v. consultant n. 顾问6. finance n./vt. financial adj. 财政的，金融的

词组：1. ____ risk 有危险2. ____ control 无法控制3. speed ____ 加速4. refer ____ 提及，暗指，针对，查阅5. lead ____ 引起，导致6. ____ from 除此以外7. on ____ of 为了…的利益8. answer ____ 对…负责

词组：1. at risk 有危险2. beyond control 无法控制3. speed up 加速4. refer to 提及，暗指，针对，查阅5. lead to 引起，导致6. apart from 除此以外7. on behalf of 为了…的利益8. answer for 对…负责

精讲词汇nature

1. It is not in his ~ to be unkind.

2. She is very sensitive by ~.

3. Murder is a crime against ~.( 有违天性 )

4. His request was in the nature of a command( 与…类似 ).

5. In the ~ of things( 理所当然的 ), young people often rebel against their parents.

human ~ 人性； nature reserve 自然保护区

warn v.1. I tried to ~ him, but he wouldn’t listen.2. She was ~ed that if she did it again she would lose h

er job.3. The guidebook ~s against walking alone at night.4. He ~ed Billy to keep away from his daughter.5. The farmer ~ed us off his land when we tried to cam

p there.6. Doctors issued a warning against eating any fish cau

ght in the river.7. The bridge collapsed without any warning.8. Warning bells began to ring( 不祥之兆 ) when her letters were returned unopened.

resultn.1. She died as a ~ of her injuries.2. The failure of the company was a direct ~ of bad

management.3. The farm was flooded, with the result that most of

the harvest was lost.4. The book is the ~ of 25 years of research.5. His request was rejected; as a result, he chose to

leave.v.6. The accident resulted in the death of two people.7. Job losses result from changes in production.

mindn.

1. When I saw the exam questions, my mind went blank.

2. Please keep my advice in mind and never forget it.

3. You’re lending them money? You must be out of your mind!

4. Do you have anyone in mind for this job?

5. Painting helped taking her mind off her troubles.

v.

1. I’d like to ask you a few questions, if you don’t mind.

2. That color doesn’t suit you, if you don’t mind my saying so.

mind your language; mind your own business

releasev.1. Firefighters took two hours to ~ the driver from the wreckage.

( 释放，营救 )2. He refused to ~ his arm.( 松开 )3. She burst into tears, releasing all her emotions.4. The new law ~d employers from their obligation to recognize

unions.( 免除 )5. You need to ~ the tension in the shoulder muscles. ( 放松 )6. Police have ~d no further details about the accident.( 公布 )n.7. She can expect an early ~ from prison.8. The new software is planned for~ in April.

补充阅读： The history of earth dayIn 1963, former Senator Gaylord Nelson in America began toworry about our planet. He knew that our world was getting dirtyand that many of our plants and animals were dying. He wonderedwhy more people weren't trying to solve these problems. Then, in1969, Senator Nelson had another idea. He decided to have aspecial day to teach everyone about the things that neededchanging in our environment. He wrote letters to all of thecolleges and put a special article in Scholastic Magazine to tellthem about the special day he had planned.

On April 22, 1970, the first Earth Day was held. People allover the country made promises to help the environment.Everyone got involved and since then, Earth Day has spread all over the planet.People all over the world know that there are problems we need to work on andthis is our special day to look at the planet and see what needs changing. Isn't itgreat?

扩展训练1. The key to _____ the wheels of educational reform is _____ conceptions of educat

ion. A. speed up, to renew B. speeding up, to renewing C. speeding up, to renew D. speed up, to renewing

2. As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ______.    A. occasionally  B. anxiously C. practically   D. urgently 3.—Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business managem

ent? —If you make ____ most of the equipment, there will be ____ rise in production.

A. 不填；不填 B. the ； a  C. 不填； a  D. the ；不填4. A survey was carried on the college students’ learning techniques, _____ was very

upsetting.A. Its result B. as a result C. the result of which D. as a result of which

5. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics ， which_______ will promote its economic development.

    A. in nature        B. in return      C. in turn         D. in fact

Homework:6. Violent programs on TV may have a bad ______ on children.

A. pressure B. influence C. power D. control

7. Organic farming also ______crop growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers. A. refers to B. refer on C. refers with D. refer at

8. the weather, the sports meet will be held on time.

A. In favor of B. Regardless of C. Apart from D. Due to

KEY:1-5 CABCC

6-8 ？？？

That’s all for today, and see you next time!