Wa State Local News Section 09

Ngaix plih .1.4.2012 num, mhai (9). Dee yuh lih - Cub caw yuh si tang meung Vax.

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Cao pu pliak lai ~ Sam Sang. Sang Kaw. zl;ydef,vduf;]o}`OmrfOmif:? zl;ydef,wSrf_ayj.vduf;wh:sv;pmif;cldif; (Editor)`Omif,auj:? 佤译/三木桑傣译/尚. http://www.wskeungwa.blog.com. http://you.video.sina.com.cn wastatenewsagency

Hu Riep Tax Kuad Rang kum ngawm mai Tax Theng Sein Si miang Meung Rob rom Meung Man, Keng Tong

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U Theing Seing Vawng Meung Man riep kum mai Tax kuad Rang, Veng Keng Tung.

Ot krax kok mhaing Tax Theing Seing vawng Meung Man an, fux cong shu chi daux pa ti rob rom Meung Vax tax kuad Rang viex buan son daux vawng Meung Vax hu riep kum ngawm mai Tax Theing Seing veng Ceng Tung, pa hawt hu mai koe… cong yang pang kong ting cu reung Tax Li Cu Liex, chux cang daux cub pa koh gha Cheung Nyi Ling, cawx cang chux chux cang daux kru naing plak greem Woe Sam Tui an kix, ot daux 2012 num khix 3-9 ngaix plak ngaix tix taix, jauh lih khaing Pang Kham hu plak Ceng Tung. Plak ngaix (5)taix, cub Tax kuad Rang an kix hoek daux Mong La, pon krax riep hoek toek bleeh ka cao kaing Mong La, mai nom laux nyiex ban nyu tong fang. 2012 num khix 3-10 ngaix, plak ngawp (7)taix, cub kix deeh yaok tix khaing Mong La lih krax Ceng Tung, dex kao taix haoh cub kix hoek daux lum yuh kaing Meung Vax pa ot Ceng Tung, pon krax riep hoek ka pa pau lum A Ming, pa bung kaing dee yuh kaing ceu pui

Hong Pang, (company), pa mawh cao si toe lox si nax Meung Vax mai Asoyax, See Kawx Neung, Fei Lip an kix. Khaix hoik laux kix tix, tix vut, tax kuad Rang tawm yuh krax kum ngawm mai kix, tax kuad Rang ah nin: ka kix, cao kaing daux vawng ang yaox tix hoek jhak pex si jheeng, bre sau riang pex daux kaing yuh, teem gaw pui lai ling ing tiang an kix mhawm. Koe lox pa dix pa sang krai pex ka plak piang son kaing yuh chix tix krai, pon gaw nawh aux ka gaw, ang pon gaw ka viex ngaox lao daux vawng. 2012 num khix 3-10 ngaix plak ngaix (1:00)taix, cao kaing daux Mong La pa yu cu six Ling Ming Siien, fux cu six Sam Peu an kix hoek vhi vheen ka tax kuad Rang daux lum yuh kaing Meung Vax Ceng Tung. Ex lai mawh pux aik, kix lai krai kaing chaw mai paox ku plak. Plak ngaix ra taix plak, cub tax kuad Rang kix hu riep kum ngawm mai U Theing Seing vawng Meung Man daux nyiex bang kum lien ceng Tung an, pa hawt hu mai tax kuad Rang koe: pang kong see cu reung tax Li Cu Liex, chux cang

Cheung Nyi Ling, pa si toe lox si nax Meung Vax Meung Man See Kawx Neung, Fei Lip an kix. Ot yam kum ngawm tau, U Theing Seing vawng Meung Man chawk ka mhawm kaux hak cao ka-ing Meung Vax ku kaux, nieh mawh tax kuad Pang, si mhie tax kuad Rang viex lox si mhie tix ing vhi ka kix. krai tax kuad Rang an kix mhong tawng cao kaing pa hawt ngawm mai. Chawk tax kuad Rang ka grawng kaing yuh Meung Vax, khaix hoik nghiet lox krai tax kuad Rang . U Theing Seing ah nin: ma khaox yang yit guan gaung, pex ka hoik nhie sum daux Meung Vax, pex khaw tang yuh dee thie mawh kraung, pex ka chix tix coh ka daux hak tiex Meung Man, yam in ka hoik koe cag dee yuh caong law li(cheu), pex ka chix tix hoek jhak, thie krax mau pon, kieh kawn pui koe kaing yuh. Ot yam ngawm mai paox, tax kuad Rang ka krai krax rhawm kaut sawn daux vawng Meung Vax, son mawh sang mhaing Meung Vax tix cox krax Mong Peng, krax Mong Sat an kix, Tax Theing Seing hoik cu nawh, nawh mhaing rien ka plak

briex viex pa yoek pa awp. Son mhaing Meung Vax tix yuh num ngu sah daux Man Ton, son mawh riang pui ot baoh an kix, Tax Theing Seing ka hoik cu ka, nawh ka chawk tix teem gaw ka plak liak kraung cag an kix. Son mhaing dee yuh kaing ceu pui Hong Pang (company) tix cox krax daux veng Ta chi lek, khawm krax khaoh Ta chi lek hoek BB1 an, Tax Theing Seing ka hoik cu ka. Tax kuad Rang ka kawn teei krax chawk mhaing grawng ploi ka son pui Meung Vax pa kawn laung tix yam in an kix, lai si khi kaux pui(mat pung tin), nam bat law li an kix uik, si mhie Asoyax gaw yuh. U Theing Seing si mhie Meung Vax sau riang yuh krax phauk gau yaok ka pa awm ju yuh si miang, mai baox mhaing kix bre priex kaux hak tix mhawm. Ka sang hoik bang kum, kix kawn lai tawx khawng phak ka paox, krax kum ngawm mai paox hoik daux lox mhawm jhawm khaw. an kix uik.<

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C ub caw plak greem pa ot greem vawng yuh krax gau sawn ka kaing pa tat daux

vawng son kaing sang yuh si voe ngai a liah num bawg yam. Son sang kieh cao kaing plak greem vawng an khan kix tawng yung krax pa tat daux vawng son kaing: pa sang yuh si voe ngai a liah num bawg yam. Mai kieh kix mawh cao thung bung daux kaing: yuh, hawt lox plak piang, 2012 num, khix3-26 ngaix plak ngawp (8)taix, cao kaing plak greem vawng an khan kix, pa mawh tang thuang, cao kaing meei phaix haok plak piang hoek laik daux bang kum pa paoh tix daux

nyiex bang kum ting pui meung vax daux veng Pang Sang. Fux cu six daux vawng Me-ung Vax tax kuad Ngaox, fux cong shu chi tax kuad Rang, pu cang daux lum si toe mai plak praix tax Cao Kawx Ang, pang kong ting cu reung tax Li Cu Liex, fux pu cang daux lum plak ma koi tax Pawm Ting, pu cang daux num bang ting kaing tax Yiien Sing Ping, cao kaing: daux cub tix blah ngawm dee lhaong. Bang kum tax Co Ta Fux pang kong ting fux cu reung mawh cao bung… Jauh tix mawh tax kuad Ngaox pa krai grawng tat daux vawng son kaing: pa sang pak tix

yuh daux (7)num bawg yam, nawh ah: si mhie bre tix gau mai ngaox lao ka plak greem tawng yung grawng kaing in uik. Tax Cao Kawx Ang, ah pui ku kaux mhong, phat lai tat daux vawng son kaing sang yuh si voe ngai daux (7)num bawg yam an khawm uik. Khaix an tax kuad Ngaox bre tix ngaox lao pa hoek laik daux bang kum an kix mhong tawng grawh grawng kaing pa sang yuh an khan kix khawm mu. Pa ti kawn mawh pa ting khaing paox, mawh pa bung ku ceu. Pui tix cub ang koe num pang ang chix, nawh ah nin… to kaux pui khaw nghiet lox daux cub, pui tux nghiet lox pui hun, pa ti khawm uik nghiiet lox daux vawng, plak greem bre yuh plak in tawm mhawm. Tax kuad Ngaox mhaing bre hawt lox tat son ruah to kaux pui, yuh hak tiex kaux cong, yuh tix tawng yuh ex lien mawh son pui hun. Yuh lien ex mawh pa lhak pa haing, tawx lien kix tawng ngai lig ngai lai, sang teei lien khraox ka koe diak. Sau riang yuh krax mhawm mai Asoyax, koe kaing pa dix lai krai mai paox. Yuh hak tiex dee ot yiien yawg haok huan. Bre yuh krax grum rhawm mai pui ku ceu, kawn vax ang chix guah khaing pui tang, pui tang ka ang chix tix guah khaing kawn vax, lai nap yam ka paox, yuh krax haok huan tau. Sau riang thie mau shiao son plak ma koi, thieh beeh glawm kawn rai peu sin, phauk gau pa koe ping nya plak sum ma koi, kieh priex pon kawn pui koe krax haok huan. Hak tiex mawh chiiex plak piang, kawn pui mawh chix tix priex shiao. Bre priex taoh rawm gawng khaox mhawm, cao kaing ang pon grang hak tiex mhawm, koe diak mee khawm yuh tix kaing: ku ceu. Ot daux lox tat plak piang, mhaing sau riang plak gau lig lai pai

saux, thie riang sara mai glawk ot kix mhawm. Thie riang plak kaing kuad song, dha rhawm voe paoh bang kum kuad song bawg ra. Thie riang plak kaing son bun dai, kieh kix laig daux been. Sau riang plak kaing: chiiex thuang. Nhiiet tix cox krax ting daux hak tiex ku dauh. Sau riang son grawng pa tat daux vawng son pa yoek pa awp, gaux rhawm tawx riang ka kaing yuh cub Lum Kap Pha pa ot daux hak tiex meung Vax khawm uik. Yuh krax muih rhawm hoek hu mai pa ot praok ku cub ku caw, thie krax greem yuh haok huan mai paox, cao kaing thie krax gau sawn ka cao si jheeing. Khaix hoik ngaox lao grawng kaing: tat a liah num, tax kuad Ngaox kawn krai lao lox pa tawx plak greem daux bang kum khrawm Meung Vax kaing: yuh daux 2011 num, mai krax kaut plak piang son. Khaoh khaix hoik mhong tax kuad Pang krax grawng pa tawx plak greem an kix, tax kuad Pang ka krai lang krax kaut son. Tax Cao Kawx Ang, phat gum lox krai tax kuad Pang an, daux bang kum uik. Tax kuad Pang ah nin…grawng pluat tix tik pa yoek pa awp an, ang yang chix kub naox, nhiet tix hawt lox tat plak piang son tik pa yoek pa awp. Pui mawx lut ka, cao kaing ang ah, khaw tix tik nawh ka tik, khaw greuh cao kaing mawh nawh ka greuh, kraung pon ka grawng yuh pa yoek pa awp an gleeng: uik. Kraung ceep plak greem an kix, khaw tix mawh plak piang pa sawn awm paox. Plak greem ang chix tix tang yuh. Grawng lai (Nam pat)law li an kix ka mawh nan, ang chix tix tang yuh. Ka ngoik, tax kuad Ngaox si mhie pui ku kaux, ku cub bre ing ngaox lao ka plak greem, gau lox lai pa tat daux vawng ku ceu, viex laig daux kaing yuh ,mai deeh ngaox daux bang kum si dauh num.<

BANG KUM KHRAWM CAO KAING PLAK GREEM VAWNG ,YUH KRAX GAU SAWN KA KRAWNG LOX TAT DAUX VAWNG SON KAING SANG PAK TIX YUH SI VOE DAUX (7)NUM

C ub pa giex krax gau sawn, yuh krax kum ngawm son cox phuk lai gau.

2012 num, khix 3-26 plak ngaix(2)taix, pa giex krax gau sawn paoh bang kum daux nyiex bang kum, num bang ting kaing(Ceung Kong Pu), son si law: grawng cox phuk lai sang gau. Pa hoek laig yam an koe: kix.. Ceung Kong Pu pu cang, cu reung daux pa giex krax gau sawn Tax Yiien Seung Ping, fux pu cang Tax Nyi Caw, fux cu reung Ai Ka, pang kong seu cu reung Chux Siien Cong, pa yuh kaing daux pa giex plak gau sawn Liang Khun Pao, Hawx Lien Ciiex, Cao Fux Huax, Tax Ngox Kat, sara pa teei hoek

Cong Rong Siang:, Hawx Cia: Co, cao kaing nyiex gau lai lum Pang Kham, nyiex gau lai haok huan, Ang Pang:, Nam Khax, Thaix Ang, Miien Hua, Yiux Ying, Phong Chaix an kix (20)kaux hoek laig daux bang kum an. Phuk lai Hawx pa tang yuh Meung Vax hoik koe (13)num, khee koe ka cao pa yuh ka. Ang nyang bre tix yuh, ot daux phuk lai kawn nhie koe ngai lai lut, lox lut, ang khaw kap tix. Son sang cox dee lut, kieh nhie khaw mai hak tiex Meung Vax si voe ngai, pa giex plak gau sawn tawm baox khrawm cub pa cox. Ot yam cox, hawt diak pa yuh Meung Hawx, thie pa khaw mai Meung

*(Hu si toe plah 7)

PA GIEX KRAX GAU SAWN MEUNG VAX, YUH BANG KUM

SON COX PHUK GAU LAI (LAI HAWX)






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D aux num 2012 , khix 3-7 ngaix hoek 8 ngaix, veng Meung Mau yuh krax yawg yaw ngaix

cub bun dai piang meung. Pa laig ka daux pa yuh kix koe: - num cub caw bun dai Meung Vax, pa viex son bun dai veng Meung Pawk, pa viex son bun dai Meung Leun, pa viex son bun dai lum Pang Kham, lum Nang Teung, mai pa ot greem kix daux chi, daux sieng, pa ot nyiex gau lai and kix koe pui (1500)kaux haoh hoek laig daux bang kum an. Pa bung kaing daux lum num bang ting kaing tax Yiien Sing Ping, viex buan son si miang ting daux vawng Meung vax hoek laig daux bang kum an. Khix 3-7 ngaix plak ngawp, krax yawg yaw son ngaix cub bun dai jauh tix ka daux pak ting veng Meung Mau, pa ngawm ka dee lhaong koe: -cu six daux num cub caw bun dai Meung Vax yax Wu Kiu Rong, fux cu six Yex Hoing, Yax Tao, pa bung kaing lum num bang ting kaing Tax Yiien Sing Ping, shu chix Meung Mau tax Lu Sing Pang, Siien can Meung Mau tax Shiao Sai Pao, fux shux chix Tax Li Sai Rong, Pao Nyi Meung. Fux siien cang Li Nyi La, Li Ngox Nan, cu six cub bun dai veng Meung Mau Kao Yi Ching, fux cu six Pao Yex Ling, Pao Yex Yawn, pa viex son cub bun dai Meung Pawk, Me-ung Leun, lum Pang Kham, Lum Nang Teung an khan kix. Bang kum mawh Li Shu Yiien, cao Yex Kat an kiex pa bung plak lox vax, lox hawx. Jauh tix daux yawg man raoh, ploi lox rhah Meung Man hak tiex Vax. Jauh tix mawh cu six cub bun dai Meung Mau Kao Yix Ching pa ah lox riep hoek toek bleeh. Kao Yix Ching ah nin: - in si ngaix ex grum rhawm dee in, mawh yuh krax si goek yawg yaw ngaix cub bun dai piang, ot dee in, viex buan son cub caw bun dai veng Meung Mau, ah lox riep hoek toek bleeh ka nyu si nie ex kix ku plak ku vang, ah lox laoh lie ka cao kaing, mai pui hun pa

tawx krax gaik jhak teem gaw ka son kaing:bun dai veng MeungMau ku kaux. Krai lao pui haoh mhong…bun dai daux veng Meung Mau ot daux kaux pui tix plak haok plak piang, khee koe ka diak dee ot, krax ot bun kawn tiiem khaing si mex, son sang kieh kaing yuh, bun/si mex awm paox an, ot greem thung bung si miang ting pati rob rom Meung Vax, mai greem thung bung cao kaing cao kham daux hak tiex dee ot an khan kix, 2001 num khix 12-25 ngaix, veng Meung mau jauh tix seet cub caw bun dai daux cub koe num koe ceu. Daux num in kix, ang nyang koe num ka kaing yuh, lai gau sawn si phie, bre tix hawt lox tat num cub caw bun dai Me-ung Vax, hawt diak kaing diak du dee ot, bre tix tawx krax si diex gau ka bun dai plak greem. Krax pa pon yam in, ang nyang kup mai kaing: pa tawx, lox pa mhaing cao kaing daux vawng khawm daux siien an khan kix. Khaix in, yix sang nhie sau riang tix, bre rhawm daux kaing yuh, luan khaing in, ka si mhie cao kaing daux cub caw bun dai, daux vawng, daux siien in kix, riien tawx krax si diex gau son kaing yuh, ka si mhie cao ku plak, bun dai plak greem, tawx rhawm kaut rhawm sawn son haok huan kaing yuh. Khaix an, tawm mawh Tax Yiien Sing Ping pu cang, pa viex buan son daux vawng tawx lox nap. Tax Yiien Sing Ping pu cang ah nin daux lox krai.. “ in si ngaix, mawh si ngaix yawg yaw veng Meung Mau ngaix cub bun dai piang Meung, ka mawh son krax yawg yaw ngaix sum bun dai Meung Vax tix koe num, sum tix koe ceu naog (11)num bawg yam. Veng Meung Mau hoik jauh seet ceu num bun dai tix 2001 num khix 12-25 ngaix, hoik koe (11)num phao. Ot daux si ngaix mhawm in, aux viex buan son daux vawng, pa ot greem vawng ku cub, yaox tix ah lox si gaux ka kaing: pa yuh!, ah lox si gaux ka pex bun dai daux vaw cub caw, pa kaoh khaing ku plak, si daing laoh lie ting buan son, kieh ex nyawm ot si u: koe ku kaux ku pui liak.!

Tax Yiien Sing Ping pu cang krai lox (3) grawng.

Jauh tix krai grawng dee kaoh vaw,(ngaix) cub bun dai piang meung, “ khix 3.8 naix”. Nawh ah…“khix 3-8 ngaix mawh si ngaix grum vaoh dai pa yuh kaing piang Meung son cao tix. 1909 khix 38 ngaix, koe bun dai (15000)kaux haoh, jauh tix yuh krax plaoh kaing daux veng Sichako(Chichaco)Meung Amiri-kan(American), kix hoik tat lox, ang cu map nai bun dai, bun si mex awm paox. Num khaix 1910 num khix 3-8 ngaix, paoh bang kum son bun dai daux keung Demak(Denmark’s Copenhagen) bawg ra, pa viex son piang Meung (17)cub hoek laig ka daux bang kum an. Pa si law mawh (1) ang cu yuh naing.(2) viex been yiien yawg piang meung. (3) tawx riang rao ka bun dai mai kawn iak. (4) mhaing yuh kaing tix ngaix(8)taix na rhi.

Ot sang mhaing bun laoh daux hak tiex Camani(Germany) ‘Cai Teux Seung’, bang kum cu uik, tawm phat tat “khix 3.-8 ngaix” mawh ngaix(vaw) cub bun dai piang Meung, num in hoik naog (102)num. Yam krai lox, tax Yiien Sing Ping ka hoik daing yawg yaw krax kaing pa yuh bun dai daux veng Meung Mau son been. Nawh ah… bun dai daux hak tiex Meung Mau, ot daux been Kong-manit,(BKP)ang ah, daux been yiien yawg ang ah, hoik tawx riang rao son been. Miex Tax kuad Pang ex (Yax Shiao I Kat), hoik mawh bun pa laoh tix kaux. Nawh hoik si diex gau kawn tix lhak haing uik, tawx kix yuh been. Ot daux yuh been, hoik sau riang rao, pon tix mawh cao kaing: ting khawm mu, hoik viex kawn pui Meung Vax hu krax nyawm ot si u: koe. Yam in miex ex (Shiao I Ka) kla hoik luan khaing ex, kaing pa prah, grawng pa yuh, khaw tix gau ling ju. Bun dai daux hak tiex Me-ung Mau ding mawx, mex kix kawn kix hoik tawx ju, nex nham son been Meung Vax, kix hoik yaox krax teek kha. Ot daux been yiien yawg, kix ka hoik tawx mex kawn hu yuh been yuh kaing. Kix mawh cao priex nyiex yaong, gau kawn iak, jhak kuad song. Krax pa pon Meung Vax si ngaix, rawm riang pa tawx pex ang chix grai. Yam krai lox, Tax Yiien Sing Ping ka

kawn tawx rhawm kaut tix- ë Bun dai khaw bre tawx riang rao son kaing: daux hak tiex, thie krax ngaox lao si diex gu, khrawm tix lih plak greem, ngaox lao bun dai daux nyiex ma, tawx lox ploi plak piang, thie krax lhak son. ì Bre hawt lox pa tat son num daux cub, priex riien son bun dai kawn iak mawh pa ting. Khee koe ka hak tiex dee ot, iak jhak bun dai, map bun, muih pa khraox dah pa prim, bun tiiem khaing si mex in kix kawn koe. Bun dai khaw grum rhawm mai paox, gau chix priex ka cao, tiep thie krax ang khaw in kix. Daux hak tiex ku dauh, ka khaw thie riang rao son priex riien bun dai kawn iak. Yaog bun dai yuh si miang, hawt lox pa ta (5)num tix bawg glawng(4), daux siien, daux chi, kieh bun dai yuh si miang daux tix kaux. Yam in chi Na Vi hoik koe bun yuh si miang daux tix kaux, hoik mawh pak ngai son sang p h a u k b u n d a i y u h s i m i a n g . í Nhiet hawt krax pa mhawm yuh glang ka si voe. Nhiiet tawx mex kawn laig daux been son priex riien hak tiex vax. Ang yuh tix dah khaix, bre priex nyiex ma mhawm, kieh mex kawn ny-awm rhawm khawm yuh tix kaing, yuh tix been. î Sidiex gau bun dai, kieh kawn pui awn ju an kix gau lai ku kaux, kieh kix koe krax lhak krax haing son yuh kaing Meung Vax si voe ngai. ï Sidiex gau bun dai koe krax nap yam yung yi ka cao tix, kaing pon yuh si mex, bun ka pony uh, tang sawn grawng cao tix, ang iak jhak cao ti, ka ang dhu si mex si jheeing.

Ka nghoik, tax Yiien Sing Ping kawn ah… kaoh khaix sau daux vawng, lien khawm kawn pui Meung Vax riang rao tau, yam in, hoik doh pon tix prawng lox mhawm krax yiien yawg mai Asoyax, krax ot hoik mhawm. Ot daux been mhawm, bun dai khaw sau riang mai num bung dee ot, laig daux been, ot greem thung bung plak piang daux vawng ex kix, sau riang ku plak, baox tawx riang rao son nhie mhawm hak tiex dee ot.

Cu six daux cub caw bun dai Meung Vax, Yax Wu Kiu Rong, viex bun son cub caw bun dai nap lox. Yax Wu Kiu Rong ah:…vaw bun dai hoik jauh tix koe ceu daux hak tiex Meung Vax (9)num phao, ot daux (9)num in, cub caw bun dai ot greem thung bung kuad si miang daux vawng Meung Vax ex kix, jauh ka ang tawng, koi gau si phie hoek yam in si ngaix. Kaing pa yuh mawh son riang rao bun dai kawn iak, kaoh khaix si diex gau cao kaing bun dai, kieh kix lih ngaox lao plak greem, kieh bun dai tawng diak cao tix, tawng beeih grawm tix, ot greem thung daih si miang dee ot, laig daux been, tawx riang ra son haok huan hak tiex gawng ot.

Yax Wu Kiu Rong ka kawn bre tix krai lao lox tat daux vawng son kaing: pa sang yuh daux si voe ngai (7)num bawg yam ku plak ku grawng.

Yam krai lox, Yax Wu Kiu Rong, ka hoik daing yawg yaw krax kaing: pa yuh

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KAUNG MEUNG MAU YUH KRAX YAWG YAW SON NGAIX CUB CAW BUN DAI PIANG MEUNG.






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uSrfplofyof; ayj;xof;wImif: wmifwlof efG:iof;ikef: rldif:]o} uGj,pyf.wgef;tkyf,tlof: qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, cgifvlifygifqkdif;rldif:plrf;wkrf rldif:rmef;? oAif:qAif:wkif/ tdifel dof acj;pgif .rguf , qgrfqk dif ; wAif:OAif, cgifvlifygifqk dif;rl dif:rmef; rj:wD; yj,wD,cgwf,vldwf;zgrf. plrf;rl dif:]o}eef.aO uSrfplofyof; wImif: wmifwlofefG:rl,qkrf:yj,wD, cgwf,vldwf; zgrf.plrf;rldif:]0}tgefplofefG:rl,qkrf: cofuGj,pyf.wgef;tkyf,ukrf qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, wD;uAif :wkif ? zl;cof;yj:ef G :rl,qkrf:eef.rD : zl;rh mvlifef G :vkrf :iof ;ikef: vD:ql ;av.? Olnf,olqk qkqmif: cBdif,nD,vdif,? aqj.qmif:qk qkqmif: efG:wyf.ugifyj;wf G; olnf,Omrfwknf? oef:xd(9.3.2012) ohm:oef: (1)rlif: qkrf:cof vkuf.wD;iof;ikef:ymifOmif: uGj,wmif:qAif:wkif? ohm:oef:(5)rlif: qkrf:cof pgwf,zSofiof;ikef: wgef ;vdefck du f .wgef:rh m(4)qkrf :tlnf:vD rldif:vj:/ zl;rD:qef.efG:qkrf: tlnf:vDrldif:vj: cof yf G .pyf .wgef;cofqof; wD;pgif ;pyf .cSuf , wlif:zif:/ oef:xd(10.3.2012)ygwf:ef G:(7)rlif : qkrf :cof tguf ,oAif :rl di f :vj: uG j,wmif : qAif:wkif? ygwf:efG(9)rlif:ckdif; qkrf:cofpgwf, zSofwD;vkrf:uyf:Omefrl dif:]o} oAif:qAif:wkif? Zl;eif;vkrf: tj:rdif, yfG.pyf.wgef;cofqof;/ zl;qwf:umefefG:cgrf,yeD, plif;ymif: sv;zl;tofykef;zgef:zhm, uyf:OmefefG:umif vlifygifqkdif;sv;rldif:]o} Oldof,auj.eldif;? tl:zD, vdwf, cofrj:pyf .wgef; tkyf ,ukrfuefwif: uSrfplofyof; wImif:wD: efG:vkrf:zhm,uyf:Omefrldif: ]o} wD;oAif: qAif:wkifwD;eef? uSrfplofyof;

wImif:vmwf;oj;Julef:vlif:efG:iof;ikef:pof:cof trf,wef:vlif:uGj,tSofbSrf;Olqof;? rkif;rgif: P;Olqof; vlvgrfwlnf:xkdifumefimef:Olqof; vDvD? P;vlvgrfwlnf:qgh;xSrfyef ulef:rldif: pof:cof tefckdef;ckdef;vlif:vlif:qldof:eef. vDvD/ cofrD:vgif;bmyf;zkdwf,qkdif.pkdofauj; qof; cofwlnf:cyf.ck difyefvgif;uGj,rj:cofP;ihm;vlrf? rl do f ;vAofpof :rj:pgwf,wD;eh;Olqof; rD:acj; cf G ;wmif ,vmwf;bgef:xk dif wD;iof ;ikef:pof : cofauj; vmwf;rj:vh;bl,? ayj:yAefumefqif; qhg;auj; pof:awqgh;yef? ayj:yAefumefvrf, vgif; pof:awrldof:wmif,sewD;efG:iof;ikef: oj;eh;/ oef:xd(10.3.2012)ohm:oef:(1)rlif:? plofyof;vlif wgef;vdefckduf.wgef:rhm(4)qkrf: tlnf:vD rd lif:vj: ayj;xof; vdif,rdif,OSef uSr fplofyof; qof;Omrfyl do f; tduf,zl;rD:qef. efGqkrf:cofrj:Ol:qfG: uSrfpofyof; ayj;xof;wImif: efG :vkrf:uyf:Omefrl dif:]o} wD;oAif:qAif:Wkif eef./ tdifeldofOgifqkrf: yAeftlnf:vDqrf qfGuefsv; tkyf,ukrfwldif,ymif,uefvgif;umef imef:ul;vgif;vgif;/ oh m:oef:(2)rlif :ck dif ;? uSrfplofyof ; wImif: tgefplofefG:rl,qkrf:cof uGj,pyf.wgef; tkyf,ukrfuefwif: qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, wD;efG: vkrf:wldif:Okduf: qAif:wkifwD;eef/ zl;cof; yj:qgrf :eef.rD : zl;rh mef G :vkrf :iof ;ikef : vDql;av.? Olnfolqk qkqmif. cBdif,nD,vdif,? zl;tofykef;zgef:zh m,uyf :Ok dyf , ef G :umif vlifygifqk dif ;sv;rl dif :]o} Ol dof ,auj.el dif ; ? tl:zdvdwf. Cof;yj:qgrf:efG:ymifukrfeef./ efG:ymifukrfeef. Qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif,

Ok dyf ,rk dwf ,wlif .wuf.yef qkrf :cof bof . qgrfqkdif; wgif;xmrfoj;J ]]ulef:vlifrldif:]o}pof:cofbl,vDOldof:Oj, ul;auj. bl,pj;? tl:yof: b l ,c Br f ,v l:b l,vDb l,p j; ? po f :O l:w gi f : ye fu le f :v li f r l d i f : ] o}co f b l ,v DO l d o f : Oj ,r l de fuefu l ;au j. ? P;t l:yo f :blo f ,b D , r d l o f : r g u f , seco fei f ,e h ; } } ? o j ;e h ; / qgrfqk dif ; Ok dyf,wgif ;xmrfwImif: vgif;iof : vhm:umefimef:rldif:]o}uGj,/ uSrfplofyof; wImif: Oyf:vSifse iof:vh m:umefimef:ef G:rl dif :]o}eef.bof./ qgrfqkdif; ckdef:rguf,vmwf;acj;uGmrf: bkuf .bgif ;umefimef :tefrl dif :]o}pAwf :rj: vgif ;ck def;bG f ,? rl do f ;vAof Olvh;pAwf:umef zkuf,Ogrf; rh.bmifef G:rl dof:]o}eef. rD:vgif; ckdyf;ej; wlof:wgef:erfrj:bof./ rh.bmifeef. Olxkuf,vDpAwf:plif:qmuf;? xkuf,tguf, pAwf:yAef clof:bof. Olif,tguf,ch meguf;rl dif:? vgif;Olif , tguf ,ch merf.bmifeef. OlOlif ,ch myefef G : rldif:rmef;pof:auj;vh;bl,/ rldof;vAofefG:rldif:rmef; rD:plif:qmuf;xkuf,tguf,rmuf;bmifuj:bof./ OlcfG; rj:vAyf;pAef:wlnf:efG:plif:qmuf;eef. auj;vh;? erf.bmiftefOlpAwf:tguf,ef G:rldif:]o}eef. c f G ;Oli f ,c h myefef G :r l d i f :r mef ;po f :auj ;vh ; ? tefeh. awzldrf.xSrfvgif;ikdef:cof;efG:rldif: ]o}wlof:wgef:? P;Olvlvgrfwlnf:yefvgif;bl, Oof:ulef:rldif:]o}cofwArfxlef;? yefcofrD:wD; pAwf:umefsv;vh;ik def:cof;wlof:rj:? yluf:ygif yefzocof P;ckdef;bfG,wlof:wgef:rldof:ej; oj;eh/ uSrfplofyof; wImif:ckdef: Oyf:vSif: wmif,se acj;bldif:tmef: umefimef: tefrldif: ]o}vlof,pAwf:Omif;eef.J ë bgef:xkdifrlef.sr:wmif:rldif:yAif:sv; wmif: rldif:Omwf,eef.?

]]qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif,auj; pefvDyefpSif:qgrf:? ulnf:uj; Olvlof, vlvgrfwlnf:xdif: qkrf:uj. bj;rof:urfcof euf:ej }} oj;eh;/ ì rldif:]o}cfG;pAwf:plif:qmuf; zh:zj.qfG.erf. wD;rmef;wlef:? yl dof;wj,ulef:rldif:cof ygwf: wgef;eef.qfG.wkdof:? ]]qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, auj;pefvDyefpSif:qgrf:? vgif;Okdof.clof:qmuf;ul;vgif;vgif; wj,qfG.wkdof: eef. qgrfqkdif; awurf.xSrfyef]] oj;eh;/ í cgrf ,yeD, plif ;ymif : cf G ;sr:wmif :ef G : oAif:wj;cD;vAuf:? sv;wmif:vkuf.wj; cD;vAuf.xkdif BB1 eef.? ]qgr fqk dif;wAif:OAif, auj;pefvD yefpSif: qgrf:bl,}}/ efG:ymifukrfeef. uSrfplofyof;wImif: ck def:bgef:xkdif P;ygh,yefulef:rldif:]o} qldof: wk duf :wluf :cguf ,cofeef.? vgif ;pAwf:yefof G uyf:wlof(rwf.ykif ,wdif,)? vgif ; erf,ymwf,(vhm,Odef,)uj: qldof:eef. rkif;rgif:efG:vlifygif qkdif; cyf.ckdif;qgh;xSrfyef/ qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, ckdef:rguf,vmwf; acj;uGmrf:wkduf:Olef:yef P;ulef:vlifrdlif:]o}cof urf.xSrfyefpSif: zkduf.zgef.yef ulef:ekrf,cof pmrf;pAef: vduf ;vh m:yh may,? Zk duf .zgef.yef ulef:ekrf,cof yAeftgefplof P;cof;yj:pAwf:umef omef;rldif:ckdef;bfG,wlof:wgef:rldof:ej;/ bof.auj; P;Owdyh m:bl,vDqof;uof , ? vlof ,vkrf :vj: yhm:bl,qof;uof,vDvDoj;eh;/ rl dof ;ymifukrfbof.eef. Ogifqkrf : Olif,yefclof:wgef;wD;uef/ohm:oef:(5)rlif:? uSrfplofyof; wImif: ckdef:vh;pyf.wgyf,acj;wgif; xmrf rl,qkrf: zhm,ykdefcmof, tefrj:qgrf: qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, coffeefbof./<

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uSrfplofyof;yj,wD,cgwf,vldwf;zgrf.plrf;rldif:]o} ayj;xof;wImif: uGj,pyf.wgef;tkyftlof: qgrfqkdif;wAif:OAif, vlifygifqkdif; rldif:plrf;wkrf? wD;oAif:qAif:wkif

cub caw bun dai daux Meung Mau, nawh ah:..cub caw bun dai Meung Mau, ot greem thung bung cao kaing si miang dee ot, ang lai lhat ka tauk mao, hu mai cub yuh kaing: lum Kam Pha pa tawx krax teem plak pai saux jhak ngia, viex lox plak piang, jhak gaik krax ot kawn pui, thie krax lhak haing to cao khawm kaing: yuh.

Ka nghoik, Yax Wu Kiu Rong ka kawn tawx krax si diex, nawh ah:.. bun dai pex, bre nap yam ka cao tix, muih rhawm ka cao tix, ot greem thung bung tax kuad Pang si miang ting ex kix, sau riang sau rao son nhie mhi mhak haok

huan Meung Vax. Fux cu six daux num cub caw bun

dai Meung Vax Yax Hoing ka kawn tawx krax kaut rhawm, si mhie son kaing yuh cub caw bun dai Meung Mau ku plak ku vang koe krax haok huan, plak lox Vax.

Shu chi daux veng Meung Mau, Tax Lu Sing Pang, viex buan son: daux veng Meung Mau ah lox yawg yaw son vaw bun dai ku plak. ah lox riep hoek toek beeih ka son pa viex buan son: bun dai pa kaoh khaing ku plak. ot khaix yawg yaw kaing: yuh cub caw bun dai Meung Mau daux num in kix, ka krai lao dee ang nyang kub. Nawh ah:… yam in, si mex

bun dai kawn ang nyang si du, nhie mawh dee si ngai khaing praok veng daux siien daux chi an khan kix, daux nyiex daux ma tix blah, kawn koe pa brax tawk bun. Diak lox, nyiex tix lhang hoik kha tix ka kaing:, si mex hu tik mau pon daux yuh phai, (Tu Chang), ang yaox tix ih priex ghawm nyiex, bun ang ah ka ang chix, ah ka awm tawk. Ka kawn koe, pa mhaing lox bun ang koe ceu, nghiiet ka chix ang nghiiet ka chix, pa ah nin, mawh pui ang tawng been, si mex ku kaux khaw tang pi rhawm tix.

In si ngaix, ot greem thung bung pati rob rom, pa ah lox yuh nan mawh

lox lut. Khaix in sax, num cub caw bun dai riien lih plak greem, krai lao bun,si mex tawng yung lox ploi plak piang uik, kieh kaing: son bun dai nhie koe krax haok huan.

Kaing: son bun dai kawn iak ka mawh kaing ting ceu, ex khaw tix muih rhawm, priex khrawm kix, phan hoik yuh nan!, bun dai tawm chix puih awm tai ot ka gawng, tawm chix tawx riang rao, eei daok kawn praix, yuh riang son kaing: Fux shu chi Li Sai Rong mawh pa paoh krax si gaux si goek grawng si lah son yawg yaw vaw bun dai, jauh tix mawh luah mawg pung phao!.<

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zl;rD:qef.yj;wfG;iof;ikef:coful;Omif.Omif. vAyf;pAef:pkxk difel dofacj;wSyf :wwf: auj,rwD,iof;ikef:yj,wD,cgwf,vdlwf;zgrf.plrf;rdlif: ]o}cof wrf:omif: acj;bl dif:tmef:umefimef: wj,pAwf:uGj,cmof:wmif:{7)yD<wif:ej;/ eif,pkdofzl;rD:qef.yj;wfG; ul;Omif.Omif. awpkxkdifeldofacj;wSyf:wwf:iof;ikef:cofeef. sv; yldof;wj,P;zl;rD:qef.yj;wfG;cof yAefzl; tgefploferf:ej;aO pAwf:Omif;umefimef:efG: {7)yD<wif:ej;eef. rl do f ;oef:xd {26.3. 2012)ygwf :ef G {8)rlif : ? qwf :pAwf :ymifukrf Oyf :vSif :se vgif ;ej;umefwjimef:tef vlof,pAwf:Omif;uGj,eef. wD;efG:pgif;ymifukrfvlif ulef:rldif: oAif:ymifOmif:eef.bof./ sw,tof zl;cof;yj,wD,ul;qef.qef.cof xkdifzl;rD:qef. yj;wfG;cof rj:cof;plrf;efG:ymifukrfeef./ ulef:vlifef G:iof;ikef:rD: uSrfplofyof; yj,wD,cgwf,vl dwf;zgrf .plrf ;rl dif :]o} ayj;xof; OSof :rdef,vSif ,? uSrfplofyof;sv;zl;erf:ef G : ayj;xof;wImif:/ zl;ugef:pgif;umefvlifuyf:Okdyf, eguf;rldif: qof;auj,tmif:? zl;rhmvlifefG:vkrf:iof; ikef:vD :ql;sv.? uSrfzl;ugef :pgif ;umefzhm, zkuf,Ogrf; ayj;xof;ygrf,wdif:? zl;ugef:pgif;umef vlifyhm:rldif: ayj;xof;bSef,Odif:ydif,? plrf;yj:zl;rD: qef.efG:pgif;umeful;wD;wD;cofurf;zgif; yAefzl; eif;qkdif;efG:ymifukrfeef./ uSrfzl;rhmvlifefG:vkrf:iof;ikef:ayj;xof; qlofwj,zk yAefzl;cyf.ymifefG: ymifukrfeef.J/ uSrfplofyof; ayj;xof;OSof:rdef,vSif, rguf,vmwf;Oyf:vSif:se vgif;ej;umefwjimef: tefvlof,pAwf:uGj,efG:{7)yD<wif:ej;eef.oj;J rkif;rkif:zl;rD:qef.pof:coful;auj. tgefuefvAyf; pAef:eldofumefimef:ql dof:eh.aO cof;yj:tgef ploferf:ej;ef G:rl,qkrf :zf Gref:pAwf:Omif;ej; umefqldof:eh. P;azj;erf.azj;wlofuGj,oj;eh;/

zl;ugef:pgif;umefzhm,uyf:Ok dyf,eguf;rl dif: qof; auj,tmif: ckdef;vlseacj;tefiof;ikef:cofwrf: omif:umefimef:efG:ymifukrfeef.uGj,/ ayj;xof;OSof :rdef,vSif, ck def:rguf , vmwf;Oyf:vSif:yefzl;rj:cof;ymifukrfcofeef. pkxk difel dofacj;wrf:omif :umefimef:{7)yD<wif: ej;eef.xSif;/ rkif;rgif :P;Olqof;yAefzl; tgefploferf:ej;aO tgefuefpAwf:Omif;umef qldof:eh. P;bof.wlof;/ zl;cof;yj,wD,pof:cof u l ;qef .qef .eef . wuf :awvh ;yAefzl ; tgefplofpAwf:umeful;vgif;vgif;/ yAeftgef plofekdif;auj. vlof,arjtgefplofyldef;pAwf:umef ckdef;bfG,? vlof,vh;qgrf:rlyldifcgifyj,wD,cgwf,vldwf; zgrf.plrf;rldif:}o}eef.aOpAwf:Omif;uGj,/ rl,yldif tefoj;eef. ]]umifqfGauj.vAofeef.vlof,vh; qgrf:rl,yldifefG:rl,qkrf:? rl,qkrf:tgef,vlof,vh; qgrf :rl,yl difulef:wif:erf zl;cof;yj,wD,sv; zl;rD:qef.cof tefpmyf;xmrf:umefqldof.qmwf; cgifyj,wD,cgwf,vl dwf;zgrf.plrf;rl dif :]o}ul;Omif. Omif.eef. bl,yj;wfG;rl,yldif auj,rwD,iof;ikef: rl d i f : ]o}co feef .bof }} ./ tgefuefbkr f , brfeyf.xkdofuef? vAyf;pAef:Oif,Ogefyef wmif :pkarjwD;uef cof;yj:qg h ;xSrfumefyluf . ygifrldif:]o}P;ckdef;bfG,rmuf;rD:ul;wD;/ vdlofeef. ayj;xof;OSof:rdef,vSif, r guf ,umof ,bgef :xk di fP; pAwf :qgrf :eif,acj; wSyf :wwf :oh .oj;J ]]vl duf ;ulef :rD :yh m :olef . yAeftgefploferf:ej; yluf .ygifomef;rl dif:edrf Oof:sv;ck def;bf G ,rmuf ;rD :} }/ zhm,Ok duf :pmef pof:cofeef vlof ,zk duf.zgef.Ogeftofwmif : arjerferf ? vlof ,vh;zk duf .zgef.wlofuof , P;ayj:rD:erf.uwf.aOvgif;vgif;? wj,uAyf:Okduf: rfG,eef. wD;at,Okwf:ref: awvh;arjvduf; vhm:aOteftef/ OfG,pSif:vgif;zgrf.plrf;qgrf: vlifygifqkdif;?

rD :ej;umefwjimef:Oifauj; P;tkyf,ukrfwl dif, ymif,uef/ uSwf;scyfG.yj:irf:bAef P;bkdef:bmof: ref;uk drf :/ OfG ,pSif :vgif;zgrf .plrf;uefqgrf :ul ; qmof:cl dof:cof? ul;qmof:cldof: rD:vgif;cgwf,vl dwf; zgrf.plrf;uef? ul;qmof:cldof:rD:vgif;xmif,pmif; xdif: Odrf:? bkuf.bgif;? qfG.wkdof:? zAif;xkif:zfGref: ul;qmof:cldof:rD:Okef,vh;zAif;yAif:uef/ zldrf.xSrfik def:wkdef: eldofumefzkuf, Ogrf;ul;vgif;vgif;? P;vlwf:bgrf:vgif; uAyf:cgef, eldofayj;sr;ulef:rldif:cofaO Olif,ulef:rD:erf. uwf.yhm:olef.cof zkduf.zgef.Ogefydif,nj,yhm: zkuf, Ogrf;erferf? pAwf:vgif;vh;rmuf;cof;wof;erf. wlof:rj:? pAwf:P;ayj:udefayj:ekif;ul;wD;wD;/ P;vlvgrfxdif:Odrf:yj,rh.xl def,cl dof:? tgefplof auj.vf Gzf Gtrf,oj; wuf :awtrf,vh;pdrftof wlduf;ph;vguf:ej:ayj;sr;ulef:rldif:cof tofyAef Olef,wlofqof;uof ,auj.vAof/ rl do f;pAwf:umef zkuf,Ogrf; qgrf:yj,rh.xldef,cldof:eef. vlof,vh; rD:yuf:yldifqD:uef:aObdyf:wkdof:vDvD bj,yef yj,rh.xldef,cldof:vkvSof/ tdi fel dofacj;wSyf :wwf :ru f :ref ; ef G :iof ;ikef:cofeef. zl drf .xSrfvgif ;Ogef vduf ;vhm:yh may, ? wlof :cG muf ;vgif ;yh m:bl,vDP; ck def;bfG,wlof:wgef:? zldrf.xSrfyefikdef:vldef cl:Ogefcof_arjbj;bjcofaO vlvgrfwlnf:yef vgif;bl,Oof:cofwArfxlef;/ urf.xSrfyefpSif : ej;umefulef:xof;cof/ wlnf:qgrf:iof:vhm:yj;ej; ayj:rD:cmof:bmrf: awqwf:pAwf:ymifukrfrl,qkrf: ulef :xof;yguf ;Ogif / P;arjcof ;yj :qg h ;xSrf yefpSif :umefimef:rkuf.qkrf:emif :bdif :rl dif :]o}cofeef.aO wkdwf.qef qkifrkdof:cof cof;pmyf; xmrf:umefomef;rldif:vh;qgrf:zl;qhm:/ P;wlnf: cyf .ck difrlef.sr:OAef;wj;Ohmwmif :ef G:rl dif:]o}ql dof :eef.P;bof.wlof ;/ awvh;pAwf:qgrf : ayj,vOD, acj;wSyf:wwf:vgif;zAof;rlnf.bj; rof:urfeef.ykwf:ykwf:cmwf,cmwf,/ urf.xSrfyef pSif: eldofumefimef:rl,qkrf:qgh;xSrful;rldif:rldif:cof tefrj:pAwf:umefqg h ;ef G :rl dif :]o} bl,eef. wArfxlef;aO qgh;uSwf;scyefvgif;uGj,rj:cof rD:vgif;plrf;vlrf;vgwf;az:/ zldrf.xSrfvgif;cdkef; vlif: pAwf:auj.qgrf:tlnf:vD tefbl,qrfpdrf: pgrf:pof:coful;rl,ul;qkrf:? vlof,cof;yj:tkyf,ukrfuef yluf:ygifvgif;ckdef;bfG,rmuf;rD:sv;uSwf;sc,vgif;irf:bAefref;ukdrf:bkdef:bmof:uGj,/ ayj;xof;OSof:rdef,vSif, Oyf:vSif:se ej;umef tefvlof,pAwf:uGj,ef G:{7)yD<eef. bof .auj; ref:ck def :rguf ,umof ,seacj;uG mrf :

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6

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bSef,Odif:ydif, zl;ugef:pgif;umefvlifyhm:rldif:? Oyf:vSif:se acj;vrf,vgif; (3)acj;/

Oyf :vSif :seyk def :oef:vif vgif ; yluf:wif: rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif: efG:vkrf;zj.eef. ruf:ref;yAef ]3.8} oef:? oef:xd(8.3)vldefeef. yAefoef:ruf: ref; oef:bfG,vlifckduf.vkduf. emif:bdif:efG:vkrf;zj.? y Aefoef :ir f :bAef emi f :bdif :ef G :vkrf ;zj. ? oef:udkwf:bkdwf: vgif;pAwf:phm.qj.eldofemif:bdif: efG:vkrf:zj.wif:OAif;bof./ rldof;(1909.3.8) oef:eef. rD:emif:bdif:(15000)auj. sw,wlif. Ekdifpjwmif:su;vdwf, vgif;pAwf:phm.eldof emif:bdif: wD;efG:oAif:OD,qj<ulof,rldif:tar,Idumef(Chicago)? tdifel d o facj;wSyf :wwf : ef G :ymifukrfeef.J Omefcwf: vgif ;pAwf:ph m.qj.pmof ;pSif :vlvhmsy. udefemif:bdif:sv;vkuf,tgef,/ plrf;rkdif:pAwf:Omif; vgif;irf :bAef? Okef,vh;Okef,yAefemif:bdif : cof zAif;yAif:vh;qgrf:zl;qhm:/ rldof;yD< (1910.3.8)oef:? ckdef:qwf: pAwf:ymifukrf rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif: yguf;(2)wD;ef G; rldif:cgyf,ySef,pj,qSef,(Denmark’sCopenhagen)?Zlwmifwlof(17)rldif: rj:cof;plrf;efG:ymifukrfeef.? co fxwf :Omi f ;vAyf ;p Aef :vSuf ;vh m ;yefwmi f : pefxkdifuefbof./ CofwSyf:wwf:ruf;ref;-(1) wuf :awtrf ,vh ;rD :Ok d u f :Ol d o f ? (2)p lrf ;r k d o f : auj,Omif;irf:bAef? (3) urf.xSrfyefpSif:emif:bdif: wj,rD:rj:zo tefvDwgef:/ (4) wkduf:Olef:yef qfG.pAwf:umefekdif;oef:vfG(8)rlif:/

tdifel dofacj;bgef:xk dif tefyAef emif:bdif:vuf:vSrf rldif:uBmreD, qkdof; ]OSwfOf wdlof,}‘Zester’vlseacj;wSyf:wwf:efG:ymifukrf eef .bof .auj; / coftgefuefwSy f :wwf : ruf :ref;oh . ayj:xk difoef:xd(8.3)vl defeef. yAefoef:bfG,vlifckduf.vkduf. wj,emif:bdif:cofef G: vkrf ;zj.bof./ rl dof;vAofcgyf;clyf,(102)yD<wArf/ ef G :y mi fu k r feef . bSef ,Odi f :y di f , vh;bkuf.bgif;yefpSif: vgif;rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif: ef G:sq;wgef;rl dif:rf G ,cof wk def:cof;yj;wlif.ek dif p Awf :umefomef ;r l d i f :r j :qAr fvf G ? r l d o f ;y mef ]ukif,redwf.}sv;Oif? rldof;ymefvgif;irf:bAefeh. sv;Oif? cofwk def:cof;yj:pAwf:umefef G:rl,qkrf:? pAwf:umefomef;rldif:rj:bof./ wlnf:tofsr;qof; au:ql: plofyof;vlifwymif:(OSof:tD,uwf:) pof: eef.? ref:yAefemif:bdif: tefvuf:vSrfvSwf. OSof:auj.ek dif; ef G:umefyluf:ygifomef;rl dif:? ref: wk duf:Olef: Oif,Ogefyefvkuf;vmefyAefulef: vuf.vSrf? arjtgefvkuf;vmefref: cof;yj:qgh;xSrf pAwf:umefulef:wif:erfrj:bof./ tefyAefvkuf; vmef qldof:eef. vh;rD:ykdef:pk efG:umefyluf.ygif efG:rl,qkrf:rj: xkdifayj:vh;yAefzl;tgefploferf:ej: ulef:rl dif:ul;qmof:cl dof:rl dif:]o}bmrf:vAofeh .bof./ co fqof ;tgefp lo f u lef :u l ;qmo f :c l d o f :r l d i f : ]o}yhmOAef;wmif:irf:bAef? cyf.ckdif;olef.ygif, pAwf:yef vgif ;bl ,Oof :ulef :rl d i f :]o} rD :vgif ;ck def ;bf G , wlof:wgef:sv;uwf:bAefedrfOof:rj:ul;wD;wD;/ rl dof;vAofsr;pof:(OSof:tD,uwf:)vyf.wjvkdrf:rldif: uGj,aOpof:bof.? umefref:zmuf ;oh . vgif ;ref: pAwf:Omif ;ql dof:eef. xkuf,vDbl dif ,pAwf:qgrf :? tofyAefwD;bdlif;(erl,ej;)ref:/

emif :bdif : ef G ;sq;wgef;rl di f :rf G , cofeh.J auj.yAefzlof? auj.yAefvkuf; xkdifqlof; vkuf;ymefvmefcof feef. vh;cmrf,wkuf :bmyf ;rj: xk di fayj:cofvh;qkef.tOmuf ;Oh mqf Gu G j, pAwf: umefql d fof .qmwf;omef;rl dif :]o}eef. tuRif :rD : yAefuj;pkdofbof./ xkdifymefirf:bAefrj: cofwkduf:

Olef:yefwD;vkuf;vmef uGj,pAwf:umefomef;rdlif:? uGj,xmrf:umefql dof.qmwf;? pAwf:umefefG:rl,qkrf:? ykef;zgef:cof yAefzl;yfG.pldef:ab:? Vlvgrfwlnf: xk difulef:xof;? Oif,Ogefygefyef vkuf,tgef, vAuf.cof vSwf:OSof:qldof:eef.bof/ rldof;vAof omef;rldif:]o} vh;ckdef;bfG,rfG ,Okifsv; uwf:bAef edrfOof:rj:/ zgef:vDeldofwmif:cwf:qfG cofrD:qfG puf.ySif:omef:rldif:? vh;cmrf,wkuf.c bmyf;udef:rj:? vh;cmrf ,qkef.vl,Ohmqf G wj,omef;rl dif:rj:eef. zgef:vDref:eef. wuf.trf,rD:oef:wluf :plif ; wluf:phmawj,qlof;ymefbof./ bSef,Odif:ydif , ck def:rguf ,vmwf;yef wif:pefxdkif wkduf:Olef:yefrkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif: cof cyf.ckdif;pAwf:Omif;umefimef:eh.uGj,J 1/ emif:bdif:cof ul;qmof:cldof:?ul;qef.qef. eh. awvh;wkduf:Olef:yef wj,Ptgefuefwlif. wldef,aO cof;yj:pAwf:Omif;umefrdlif:? awvh;cwf: qfGOfG,pSif:aO vlif:yefwmif:pkarjwD; emif:bdif: qef.wfG;cof? Emif:bdif:qgrf:omef;eguf;ej:ymif,? rguf ,umof ,Oyf :vSif : yefP;cofpkxk dif el do facj; wSyf:wwf: qef.eldofcofeef.aO? pAwf:Omif; yef P:ulef:rldif:coftguf,ylef.vh; vgif;zmefudef: trf,ckdwf:umyf;ymefqldof:eef.bl,bof./ 2/ emif:bdif:cof sw,tofzhm,tkyf.yl dif;? zhm,qdOif,? Zhm,tkyf,ukrfemif:bdif: coffsv;vkuf; tgef,qldof:eef. awvh;pAwf:qgrf:acj;wSyf:wwf: iof ;ikef: rkuf .qkrf : emif :bdif :cofrD :oh .eef./ yl difvlifref: vlof ,vh;vlvgrfwlnf:yef vgif ; bl,Oof:vkuf,tgef,cofyAefbfG,/ awvh;wkduf:awj: sp.uif; vgif;vlvhmsy.udef eldofemif:bdif:? vgif; zlofwAuf:wAifar:emif:? vgif;zl;qhm:qif:ar:uof, puf.ar:rfG,qdlof:eef.bof./ emif:bdif:cof rD:cGmif. cof;yj:pAwf:umefomef;rldif: zAif;yAif:vh;qgrf:zl;qhm: cof/ emif :bdif :cof wj,P;bkrf ,brfwlofuof ,?eyf.brfwlofuof,? yldif;tdifwlofuof,rj:eef. aw vh;yefwmif:pkpefcof? vl dofaOeef. awvh; bkuf.bgif ;yef emif:bdif :cofql dof:eef. P;rD : yhm:olef. zhm,zAif;si;vduf;vhm: erf.uwf.wmif:cSef, wj,aObl,bof./ tofqgrf:eif,acj;wSyf:wwf: ymifukrf(5)yD<ek dif;yguf;? ef G:yguf;xlef;(4)eef.? qgrf:sq;wgef;? sq;oAif:? sq;oAif:ckduf.wgef:qldof: eef.sv;Oif? P;bkuf.Okifqef.emif:bdif:cof yAeftgefplof/ rldof;vAof zl;ugef:sq;oAif:ej:oD: yAefemif:bdif: pAwf:ulef:vlif efG:rldif:pof:auj.tgef wmif:Okwf:/ emif:bdif:cofvlof,vAyf;pAef:zk duf. zgef.uef P;ayj:yAeftgefplofqd lif.eefxSif ; rldof:ej;/ 3/ emif:bdif:coful;qef.qef. awvh;pgrfpSif: efG:au,wj,qldof:eef.aO zkduf.zgef.Ogefyef emif :bdif :cof rD :erf.uwf.yh m:pkarj/ awvh; Olif ,yef emif :bdif :vDcof cof ;yj :pAwf:umef omef;rl dif:/ vlof,vh;vlvgrfwlnf:xk dif vgif;bl, yldifudefcof P;vDwgef:aOuof,? wj,P;ulef:pAwf: umefrl di f :cof ayj:awOl dof :qf Gqgrf :umefimef: cofeef. awvh;cyf.ckdifyef vgif;bl,Oof:cof P;wArf xlef;vDimrf:/ 4/ vlof ,Oif,Ogefyef emif :bdif :Cof vSwf:OSof: efG:umefyluf:ygiful;vgif;vgif;? wkduf:Olef: yefemif:bdif:cof pmrf;pAef:vduf;vhm:yhmay,ul;auj.? wkduf:Olef:cof;cgef:yef P;emif:bdif:cofyAefrj: zl;tgefplofvDeef.bl,bof./ 5/ vlof,vh;Oif,Ogefyef emif:bdif:cof P;bkrf ,brfwlofuof , ? P;xwf :Omif :rlef.sr: qof;uof,? P;rD:vgif;eyf.brfsv;yldif;tdifqof;uof,? u me f p Aw f : z l ;q h m :eef . emi f :b d i f :au j ; vlof,pAwf:P;vh;/ vldofaOeef. bSef,Odif:ydif, ckdef: zl drf.xSrf rguf,vmwf;acj;uGmrf:oj;Jtdifel dofvgif;

(uGj,Okdyf,ej; 7)

sq;wgef;r l di f:r f G , qwf:pAwf:ymi fu kr f bkuf.bgi f;oef:emif:bdi f:vkr f;zj.






7

ckdifygif auj,rwD,iof;ikef:yj,wD,cgwf,vldwf;zgrf.plrf; rldif:]o}pof:cof cwf:qfGOfG,pSif:eef.aO rldof;vAof pof:vh;auj,Omif: irf:bAefqgrf:vlifygifqkdif; rldif: plrf ;wkrfrj:/ vgif;bl,Oof:ayj;sr;ulef:rl dif:]o} auj;edrfOof:rj:bof./ ugyf;eefsv; rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:cof xkuf,vDOfG,pSif:zgrf.plrf;uef pAwf: Omif;ej;umefykef;zgef:qof;uof, P;ck def;Omif. ckdef;Okif? rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif:cofeh. awvh;pAwf: qgrf :vguf :vhm:yuf :yl dif ayj,vOD, acj;qdOif, iof ;ikef:eefaO Cof ;yj:qg h ;xSrf pAwf:Omif ; umefrl d i f : ? auj,Omi f ;wD ;bl ,Oof :P:ck def ;bf G , wlof:wgef:aOuof, oj;eh;/ plofyof; rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:rl dif:]o} sr;xof;ollnf,uknf,Ilif,? rguf,vmwf; acj;uGmrf:oj;J rldof;eh. yAefoef:bfG,vlifckduf.wgef:wj,emif:bdif: efG:vkrf;zj.sv; yAefoef:cgyf;clyf, vgif;yluf.wif; rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif:rldif:]o}wArf(9)yD</ rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:rldif:]o}eh. bl,wfG;acj;cyf.ckdif; auj,rwD, iof;ikef:rldif:]0}cofaO pAwf:Omif;uGj,? iof:vhm:yluf: ygifumefimef: ef G :rl ,qkrf :emif :bdif :pof :cj;eh. umefyluf :ygif riftefeef. yh ,ygif ,vSif :sv; ugh,vAyf;pAef:Oif,OgefpkuGj,vhg:vgh:? tgefuefpAwf: Omif ;rj:awj,bmrf :vAof/ umefimef:pof :cj;eh. y Aefumef u Swf ,scyef vgi f ;vlvh msy.u def emif:bdif :sv;vkuf ,tgef,/ yl dif;tdifpAwf:umef ef G :wlif ,olif ,ulef:? pAwf:umefyAefrl ,yAefqkrf : tgefplofemif:bdif:qef.eldofcof vlif:Oyf:vSif: xk d i f rku f .qkrf :emi f :bdif :qef .wf G ;P;pkxk d if y g i f ,q f Ge l d o f u me f i me f : tefe mi f :b d i f :

xkuf,vDpkxkuf,vDarjeef.? yldof;wj,emif:bdif:cof awyAeftgefplofvDsv; arjtgefploferf:ej; p Awf :Omi f ;umefimef :uG j ,ck def ;bf G ,wlof :wgef : eef. wk duf :Olef:yefcof pmrf ;pAef:vduf ;vhm: yhmay,ul;wD;wD;/ eguf ;eef sr;xof; olnf,uknf,Ilif , ck def :Oyf:vSif :se acj;wSyf :wwf:auj,rwD, iof;ikef:cof wrf:omif:acj;bldif:tmef:umefimef: (16)acj; wj,vlof,pAwf:azj;erf.azj;wlofef G: (7)yD<wif:ej;/ sr;xof;olnf,uknf,Ikif, ckdef:zldrf.xSrf rguf,vmwf;acj;uGmrf: bkuf.bgif; yefpSif: rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:rldif:rfG,cof pAwf:umefckdef;bfG,wlof:wgef: rj: ul;vgif;vgif;eef.bof./ bl,wfG;acj;cyf.ck dif zl;tgefplofefG;sq;wgef;ul;Omif.Omif. cof faO trf,ulofwmif:bmyf;zkdwf,? umefimef:efG:rl,qkrf: cofeef. rD:vgif;ckdyf;ej; wlof:wgef:rj:erfbof./ vldofeeftrf,uj: urf.xSrfyefpSif: eldofumefimef: rl,qkrf:qgh;xSrful;rldif:rldif:(vkrf;zj.) tefrj:pAwf: umefqgh;xSrfrldif:]o}coffeef. wArfxlef;? rl,qkrf:qhg; xSrfyhm:bl,vDsv;Oif? vlif:yefwmif:pkarj wD;efG: ulef:rldif: cofqgrf:efG:omef;ul;wD;/ zldrf.xSrfyef wmif:pkarj wD;ulef:omef;ulef:rldif:cof ul;wD;wD;/ sr;xof; olnf,uknfIkif ; rguf ,vmwf; wkduf:Olef:yef rkif;rgif:rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:pof:Cof ul;wD;wD; vlvgrfxdif:Odrf: zoqof;uof,? P;eyf. brfwlofuof,? P;yldif;tdifwlofuof,? rkuf.qkrf:pof:bl, wf G ;acj;qdifOif , plofyof;vlifwymif: tgefplof erf :ej;po f :cj ;aO Of G ,p Si f :vgi f ;zgr f .p lr f ; tgefuefcof;yj:pAwf:umefrmuf;rD:yluf:ygif;rldif:]o}ckdef;

bfG,wlof:wgef:/ uSrfplofyof; rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif:rldif:]o} sr;xof; bpldif; rguf;vmwf;acj;uGmrf: bkuf.bgif; yefpSif: rkuf.qkrf :emif :bdif :rl dif:rf G ,cof pAwf: umefck def ;bf G ,wlof :wgef : ul ;vgif ;vgif ;eef . zhm,uGmrf:]o}/ zl;erf:efG: sq;wgef;rldif:rfG, ayj;xof; vlOdif:yif: rguf;vmwf; acj;uGmrf:oj;Joef:rdlof;eh. yAefoef:ckduf.vkduf.wj,emif:bdif:cofoef:ekdif;? pof: wmifwlof tgefplofef G :sq;wgef;rl di f :rf G ,coful ; Omif.Omif. bkuf.bgif;yefpSif: oef:bf G,vlifrkuf. qkrf:emif:bdif:efG:vkrf;zj.wif:OAif; aOtrf,uj: plrfqlrf: pyf.wgef;bkuf.bgif;vgif;yluf.wif;rkuf.qkrf: emif:bdif:rl dif:]o}cgyf;clyf;wArf(9)yD<eh.cj;bof./ emif:bdif:efG:sq;wgef:rldif:rfG,pof:cofeh. zgrf.plrf; uefrj:aO cwf:qf GpAwf:umefimef:? zl drf .xSrf vgif;Okef,vh;Okef,yAef emif:bdif:cofsv; vkuf, tgef,eef .auj; rD :vgif ;ck dy f ;ej;wlof :wgef : rj:aOuof,bl,/ ulnf:uj;rmifwD;eef. bif:wkduf: rD :vgif ;vlvh msy.udefemif :bdif :cof ? Urf :erf yAefygwf:omef;eguf ;ej:ymif , zlofar:uefauj; trf,zgrf.uef? (bkuf.wlofbmif,) wj,yAefpldef:ekdif; viftefoj;eef.ref:trf,ih m;ih m;? vh;cmrf,wkuf. Cmrf,bmuf;rj: uj;pldofbof./ uj;rD:ikdef:crf:uj;pldofauj;? auj.yAefzlofcof uGj,awj,Okrf:efG:ymifvgif:trf,olef, Ogef,wif:pldef:trf,rD:cof;udef? trf,rD:clof:ekif;? yguf;rj: ar:Oif,Ogeftrf,cfG;xgrf,uGmrf:ar:? oj;uGmrf: emif :bdif :trf ,cof ;vgif ;? zdwf:xAifuefwif: ar:emif:ref:? ayj.xlyf.pSrfar:cof qldof:eh. bif: wkduf:rD:bl,rif;wD;/

ayj:tofumyf;ymefbmrf:vAofoj; pof:bl, wfG;ayj,vOD,acj;qdOif,yj,wD, cgwf,vldwf;zgrf. plrf ;uefeef.? umefvlvh msy.udefemif :bdif :?vgif ;wAuf :wAifemif:bdif :? vgif;oh.qef.xmef, emif:bdif:wSrf,? vgif;oj;uGmrf:emif:bdif: trf,cof; vgif; tefoj;eef.J zdwf:tldof? ref:Omef cwf:ef G :yj,wD,bof./ ugyf ;eef, rl dof :ej;rj: rkif;rgif:rkuf.qkrf:emif:bdif:pof:cof cwf:qfGOfG,pSif: zgrf.plrf;uef vlif:xkdifqef.wfG; Oyf:vSif:se vgif;Okef,vh;Okef,yAefemif:bdif:cof? Oyf:vSif: seolwf, Twj:zlof_ar: tefxkuf ,vDuBif .urf ql dof :eef.? yefwmif :pkarj wD;eif:bdif :cof erferf ? P;cofbkrf ,brfwlofuof ,? P;cofyl di f ; tdifwlofuof , ? tgefuefsp.uif ; vgif ;vlvh m wAuf :wAifemif :bdif :cofwArfwArf xlef;xlef;/ tgefuefuSwf,sc sp.uif;vgif;bl,Oof:eif:bdif: cof / bkuf .Okifyef zoemif :bdif :cof P;vD wgef :ul ;wD;/ umefimef:rkuf .qkrf :emif :bdif : sv;umefvlvgrfwlnf:vkuf,tgef,eef yAefumef vrf,vgif ;sw.sw./ pof :xkuf ,vDrD : rAwf.wj, puf.ySif:uef? arjwkdwf.qefqkifrkdof:uef pAwf:umef ck def ;bf G , rmuf ;rD :wlof :wgef:ef G :rl di f :pof :ul ;wD:? ayj:yAefrj:qldif.eefbof.qkdifJzoemif:bdif:cofeef. ref:qif;pldof;pldif:yldif:OfG rldefrguf,pmif;vD tefuD,bl, eldofOkifeef.bl,bof./ u Srfzl ;erf:ef G : sq;wgef ;rl di f :rf G < vDOhmIlif: yAefzl;cyf.ckdif ykdwf,zknf,ymifsc.cAif, uef vAef;wmif :vAef wD:omif :apjYmifukrfvlif ulef:rldif: sq;wgef;rldif:rfG,eef.bof./<

(Okdyf,rj:ej; 6)

eif,pkdofzl;rD:qef.yj;wfG;efG:sq; wgef;rl dif :vl def:coful;wD;wD; ayj:awpkxk dif ygif,qfG eldofacj;wSyf:wwf:efG:iof;ikef:coffeef. sv; yldof;wj,P;cofyAefzl;tgefploferf:ej;aO pAwf:Omif;umefimef:uGj,? oef:xd{25.3.2012)eef. zl;tkyf .yl di f ;sq;wgef;rl di f :vl def:cof qkwkzl;rD:qef.efG;sq;wgef;rldif:vldef:cofplrf;wmif:rlwf:{357)auj. qwf:pAwf:ymifukrfvAyf;pAef: el dofacj;wSyf :wwf: iof;ikef:cof wrf:omif : umefi mef : wj,p Awf :u G j ,ef G : {7y D <wif :ej ; eef.bof./ zl;ugef:sq;wgef;rldif:vldef:ayj;xof; weyf.? zl;erf:ef G :sq; wgef;rl dif :vl def: ayj;xof; aOj:IDb? uSrfzl;erf:efG:vDplif,qBmif,? u Srfzl ;ugef :ayj;xof;vD :nD ,ymif : ? ayj;xof ; vD:thm;auj, cofqof;rj:cof;plrf;efG:ymifukrfeef. Oy f :vS i f :sevgi f ;ej;u mefwji mef : wj , vlof,pAwf:Omif;uGj,eef.bof./ ulef:vlifefG:sq;wgef;rldif:rldif:cofrD:- ayj;xof;weyf.? ayj;xof;aOj:ID:b? vD:thm;auj,?

vD:nD,ymif:? vD:plif;qBmif, cofqof; Oyf:vSif:se v g i f ; u m e f i m e f : w j ,v l o f , p A w f : u G j , qldof:eef.oj;Jvlof,pAwf:qgrf:eif,acj;ylifvmwf;efG:iof;ikef:pof:coffeef. P;azj;erf.azj;wlof/ zldrf.xSrfvgif;bl,Oof:ef G:yj,wD,? zl;cof;yj,wD, eef. yAefzl;rD:ykef;zgef: tefvrf,vgif;sv; yAefzl;erf:ej;efG:umefyluf:ygifumefimef:ul;vgif;vgif;/ vlof,zgrf.plrf;uefaO cof;yj:tgefplof xlof:ej; pAwf:Omif;umefimef: wD;bl,Oof:pof: ckdef;bfG,wlof:wgef:/ vlof,pAwf:vgif;zgrf .plrf; qrfqf Guef qgrf :ulef :ul ;qmof :cl do f : / trf,qSuf ;szql dof . cl dof :ulef:? qmof:cl dof :]o}auj;yAefulef:rl dif:pof:? wmif,qmof :cl dof :cof feefauj; yAefulef:rl dif:]o}eif ,uef? qplrf ;cDvDplrf ;qmrf , ? P;rD :vgif ; blof,aO,bkrf,brfuef? zgrf.plrf;uefpAwf:umef ckdef;bfG,rmuf;rD:qgrf:uefuGj,/ OfG,pSif: umefzhm,zkuf,Ogrf;ul;vgif;vgif;? umefzkuf,Ogrf;eef. ref: yAefiof;pmuf;yhm:rmuf;rD: tefawrj:urf .xSrfyef vgif ;bl,Oof :ulef :

rl di f :pof :cof ck def;bf G ,wlof :wgef:eef.bof./ P;vlvgrfwlnf:xkdif vgif;bl,Oof:ayj;ph;sr;ej: cofaO vlwf:bgrf:yefvgif;pmyf;xmrf:el dofayj; sr;ulef:rldif:coffeef./ awvh;pAwf:qgrf:eif, acj;ylifvmwf; iof;ikef:cof P;vlvgrfwlnf:xdif: yj,rh.xldef,cldof: sv;arj,ikdef:arj,crf:qldof:eef.vDvD/ zdwf, rguf, qof;tvmif : ik def:cofrj:vlif :wk def:ef G : rldif:pof: pAwf:umefrmuf;rD:ckdef;bGf,? P;vlvgrfwlnf: xdif: vgif;ikdef:wgif:sv; vgif;wlofcofplrf;vlrf; vgwf;az:/ OfG,pSif :zhm,umefOgefvduf;vhm:yh may, wlof :cG muf ;yh m :bl,vDP;wlof :wgef :/ zl drf .xSrf yefik def:vl def cl :Ogefcofsv; arjbj;bj cofP;wAr fxlef ;sv; wlnf :cy f .c k d i fyefwD ; bl,Oof:cof/ OfG,pSif:pAwf:qgrf :eif,acj;wSyf:wwf: iof;ikef:cof vgif;wkduf:awj:zAof;rlnf.bj;rof:urf eef.? awtrf,vh;zkuf,Ogrf;bj;rof:urf? aw trf,vh;xkuf,tguf,?awtrf,vh;uj.chm? awtrf,vh;

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tgefplofefG:sq;wgef;rldif:vldef:cof qwf:pAwf:ymifukrf vAyf;pAef:eldofacj;wSyf:wwf: auj,rwD,iof;ikef:cof Wrf:omif:umefimef: wj,pAwf:efG:(7)yD<wif:ej;

Man, hak tiex Vax in kix ka daux. Hoik bre tix gaik jhak ku grawng, riien ka dee lut, pa hoik cox kix yam in, hoik nhie mhawm grawng, mai nhie khaw mai krax ot Meung Vax. Phuk lai khraox pa yuh kix bawg in, sang jauh tix shiao tix daux khix 9 phao. Ot daux bang kum, Tax Yiien Seung Ping hoik daing yaw ka tauk kix cao cox khawm kaing: yuh. Nhiie mawh sara pa teei khaing Me-

ung Hawx, ah lox laoh lhie ka son kaing: pa yuh kix daux (40)ngaix bawg yam. Tax Yiien Seung Ping ka si mhie: nyiex gau lai ku cub, ot daux shiao tix num bawg yam, hawt diak Meung Vax pa daux gau, tawx rhawm kaut ngai jhak ka, mai diak sang cox, kieh nhie: mhawm nhie: grum. Ot daux bang kum, pa mawh cao cox an kix, tang lai krai grawng lai ku glawk, ka ah sang sau riang bre cox tawm mhawm.

Tax Nyi Caw fux pu cang ka krai lox yam an, mai tawx lox laoh lhie: ka cao cox ku kaux, mai tawx krax kaut grawng sawn son krax gau sawn Meung Vax si voe ngai, si mhie sara ku kaux sau riang sau rao, tawx riang rao son haok huan gau sawn Meung Vax. Grawng cox phuk lai sang gau Meung Vax pon tix si dauh tix bawg. Khaix bang kum, pui ku kaux kawn naix thut riang tau.<

*(Si toe khaix plah 2)






8

本刊勐能县讯（文/勐能县委办公室提供）：2012年3月2日中午10点左右，勐能县县城一栋房屋起

火。因天气干燥、房屋防火措施不力等原

因，火势迅猛，旁边4栋房屋（共8户家属）也随之着火并在短时内化为灰烬。本

次火灾使人民群众遭受了巨大的经济损

失，除房屋严重损坏外，其它物资损失不

可计数。一方有难，八方支援，勐能县县

委政府倡议各位爱心人士发扬团结友爱、

互济互助精神，捐献自己一片爱心，与受

灾人群同舟共济。水火无情人有情，火灾

当天，勐能县副县长李岩国慰问了受灾家

属，勐能县财政局向受灾机关家属募捐

1600元人民币和800公斤大米，同时副县长李岩国个人募捐16000元人民币。截止发稿之日止，共陆续收到社会各

界爱心人士捐来物资款项如下：鲍三嘎（政委）7700元，李文康100元，李岩书（县长）7000元，苏平 200元，田永新（书记）1000元，娜纳 100元，晒勐2700元，严战 100元，谢三 100元，陈勇500元，赵光新1000元，李三板300元，李三软700元，鲍三到1700元，依角100元，李艾垮300元，李尼勐200元，艾耐 100元，艾罗 1000元，陶加忠 1700元，黄兴明100元，王开荣900元，周文华100元，李国安300元，艾外200元，鲍岩生300元，李朱100元，李忠勇800元，张吉明700元，鲁毕600元，肖艾新2700元，李尼双 5000元，李宏 200元，艾忠 1000元，扎倮100元，艾农1600元，张发军100元，李艾相600元，毛志华200元，李进新200元，毛志荣2600元，刘少坤100元，田三木荣2600元，李尼夸100元，南晒100元，李艾君1100元，李秋600元，石勇平200元，再依100元，李岩门2600元，赵建明1000元，李岩荣300元，钟尼三200元，李岩堂300元，李赛邦1000元，鲍三木嘎1000元，俄夸100元，李赛松600元，鲍尼嘎600元，赵建林800元，岩布勒200元，陈赛嘎 100元，李尼生 200元，王建成11900元，陈卫明500元，钟小龙2000元，陈赛勒 500元，岩浪 800元，陈西夸 100元，陈赛翁200元，岩三100元，赵岩西600元，李阿八800元，魏三对5000元，李岩门100元，赵岩相800元，岩相俄1600

元，陈岩软600元，扎哈200元，鲍尼邦1000元，鲍岩沙300元。财政部：陈岩伞900元，陈阿勇20000元，鲍依顺100元，李生100元，安唤3000元，张进松2000元，鲁建武1000元，谢国卿3600元，四弟1000元，何伟1000元鲁甲仁2000元，杨恩富2000元，鲍军龙10000元，赵岩社2000元，王平100元，胡荣忠（化验室）100元。司县委机关：司法委党委10000元，李三鲁1000元，李志超1000元，赵岩道5000元，张岩嘎1000元，吞伟200元。警察局：再水1000元，李政学100元，岩嘎200元，杨学斌100元，罗忠华6000元，岩毛 100元，李勇 200元，周立100元。检察院：检察院600元，乐江200元，赵祁海100元。交通警察大队：交通警察大队1000元，罗杰300元，张学军100元，岩乃200元，岩冷 100元，三坤 100元，岩军 200元，陈老八100元。缉毒大队：陈尼翁100元，李蕊杓200元，李泽云100元，岩外50元，三木忠30元，赵岩板100元，李岩三100元。监督处：魏林100元，陈忠平100元。勐能县司法委警察局：勐能县县委副

书记李宏强2000元田岩进1600元，王春波100元，尚块 40元，岩再 20元，鸟角 10元，岩嘎10元，水纳1元，岩嘎1元，尼罗1元，岩板1元，尼康1元，尼嘎1元，翁利1元，扎部1元，岩水1元，岩罗10元，岩翁20元，岩水30元，岩翁10元，岩毕30元，尚吐50元，岩倒10元，大嘎50元，岩来50元，尼托1元，岩孟5元，岩门20元，岩赛10元，扎海10元，吐左30元，陈三容600元。红星中源国际集团有限公司：1000元，谢庆中 1000元，田海明（建设部）300元，王学华（财政部）2000元，孔祥2000元，魏三嘎（橡胶公司）200元，鲍依赛200元，中缅友谊医院1000元，勐能县县委副书记李宏强2000元，勐冒县县政府 10000元，勐冒县副县长李尼拉 1000元，勐冒县妇女主任高玉琴6600元。佤邦妇女协会（个人）募捐名单如

下：佤邦妇女协会3000元。吴桂荣200

元，娜少200元，李玉恒300元，袁美玲500元，田红1000元，张丽珍500元，鲍丽华200元，鲍依娜500元，伍绍菊500元，杨丛婷400元，何秀兰500元，阿富珍100元，辛江兰500元，陈依拉300元，赵叶嘎500元。勐能县城街道救灾捐款名单：岩农

100元，康陆50元，岩布勒300元，岩沙50元，尼拉100元，大嘎50元，老罗100元，岩哦50元，岩松100元，尼相20元，叶排50元，甲目20元，叶旺20元，岩不呀10元，塔麻50元，尼板50元，相糯100元，岩重10元，岩最20元，尚翁20元，岩角30元，岩果20元，岩双100元，老尹50元，尚景100元，岩来20元，岩陆30元，尚台30元，微林50元，岩三20元，公甲50元，老余30元，A依10元，小陈100元，岩孟100元，小唐50元，小石100元，魏学400元，小胖50元，家明50元，依农50元，依农50元，岩块50元，余海200元，岩翁50元，岩苗50元，中缅医院院长1000元，郭章1200元，娥娥1200元，岩永100元，老湖南40元。政工部捐款名单：李玉成100元，岩

哈50元，尼觉400元，岩唱100元，李肖员500元，三木惹1000元，肖尼嘎600元，褚贤忠200元，依布莱3000元，岩孟500元，尼里100元，岩梦100元，罗八100元，政工部1000元，岩伦200元，田文明50元，三木荣50元，赵复华50元，梁仨50元，岩保100元，佤邦财政部海关3200元。在记者发稿之时，为爱灾群众捐献爱

心的行动仍在继续进行，让我们看到并深

深感受到了大家弘扬“一方有难八方支

援”的传统美德的热情。在此，记者谨代

表勐能县在这次火灾中的受灾群众对大家

的募捐行为致以最崇高的敬意！是你们坚

定了受灾们重建家园的决心和意志。在此

次募捐活动中，我们又一次看到了佤邦人

民的热心，见证了佤邦这个大家庭无处不

在的温暖。同时更有有默默塞进1元、10元、100元等要求不记名的热心人。请大家放心，我们将会尽最大努力，把您们捐

献的每一分钱送到每一位受灾群众的手

中。最后，祝佤邦领导及各位热心人士，

身体健康，工作顺利，全家幸福，万事如

意！<

勐能县一处房屋烧毁，社会各界爱心人士踊跃捐款

本刊勐能县讯（文/新闻局三木

桑）：为把中央的指导思想传

达到各区乡，2012年3月25日，

勐能县在县政府会议室组织各区乡局级干

部工作人员共计357人，学习传达中央制

定的七年工作计划精神。

勐能县县长田明生、书记苏利亚、副

书记李红强、副县长李尼板、李岩国参加

并做指示。

在学习传达中，与会县委领导指出，

要继续坚持党的领导，加强党的建设；党

要领导一切，高于一切；要经常过党的组

织生活，按期交纳党费，积极发挥党员的

模范先锋作用。

要搞好各民族之间的团结，要树立佤

族离不开其他民族，其他民族离不开佤族

的思想。

要加大对农业的投入，重视农村、农

业、农民工作，改善人民的生活水平，减

轻农民的负担。

要服从中央的保护性开发，加强对森

林、土地资源的保护，引进资金、引进人

才，保护好投资者的人身安全和财产安

全。

坚持重视文教卫生的发展，提高教

师、医生的待遇，提高他们的政治地位，

逐步解决上学难、看病难的问题。

要继续贯彻落实中央关于无种植、无

加工、无交易、无吸食的禁毒目标，继续

发展种植业。禁毒工作要常抓不懈。

要继续加强对外开放政策，搞好与周

边地区、国家、兄弟邦的友好往来关系。

要加强司法工作力度，加强对青少年

的教育，司法机关要做到维护人民的合法

权益，公平公正执法。

县委领导强调，要加强与政府的关

系，保持边境的和平稳定。同时也希望各

区、乡、局领导干部回去后，要加强宣

传，在工作实践中，要起到模范带头作

用，带动人民群众，认真完成中央的七年

工作计划任务。<

勐能县组织传达中央制定的七年工作计划精神



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