EMOTION

Jang Ye Chan, Beiraghdar Ali

ZPY 111

EMOTION

Emotions are considered to be actions commonly“deemed,” such as defending or attacking in responseto a threat.

Darwin stated that emotions had an importantsurvival role because they generated actions todangerous situations.

EMOTION

Elements of Emotion1

Aspects of Emotion2

Theories of Emotion3

Sources of Emotion4

Classification of Emotion5

Functions of Emotion6

Elements of Emotion1

Elements of Emotion1ZPY 111

The Body

• Primary Emotions• Secondary Emotions• Areas of Emotions

The Mind

Thoughts may create emotions :

Two Factor Theory• Physiological arousal• Cognitive labeling

The Culture

Culture determines what people feel angry, sad,

lonely, happy, and ashamed, or disgusted

about

Elements of Emotion1ZPY 111

1.) The Body

• Primary Emotion - There are universal and biological bases to be considered in emotion.

Emotions generally consist of fear, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, disgust, and contempt.

• Secondary Emotion - These are developed with cognitive maturity and vary across individuals

and cultures.

• Areas of Emotion :

- A.) Facial Expression – for primary emotions are universal expressions of

human emotions.

- B.) Brain Regions and Circuits – the amygdala is responsible for assessing

any eminent threat.

- C.) The Autonomic Nervous System – Lie detectors or Polygraph testing

relies on the autonomic nervous system arousal.

Elements of Emotion1ZPY 111

2.) The Mind

• It is said that thoughts create emotions. When a person thinks on something to happen, then the emotion

may be involved.

• Two Factor Theory of Emotion states that emotions are brought by physiological arousal ( sweaty palms,

increased heart rate, rapid breathing ) and cognitive labeling ( attribute source of arousal to a cause ). In

order to have emotion, both factors are required.

3.) The Culture

• Culture determines what people feel angry, sad, lonely, happy, and ashamed or disgusted about.

Aspects of Emotion2

Aspects of Emotion2ZPY 111

1.) Physiological Changes

• Changes within the body are a major element of fear, anger, joy, and other emotions. These

are involuntary reactions of the body.

2.) Emotional Expressions

• Emotional expressions are varied to Pleasant and Unpleasant and can be communicated

through gestures or marked shifts in voice tone.

3.) Emotional Feeling

• The experience that a person may gather will reflect on his responses when he or she is

placed on different situations.

Theories of Emotion3

4

3ZPY 111

James-Lange Theory ( 1884-1885 )

Theories of Emotion

Cannon-Bard Theory ( 1927 )

Schachter’s Cognitive Theory of Emotion ( 1971 )

The Evolutionary Perspective

2

3

1

Theories of Emotion3ZPY 111

1.) James-Lange Theory

• The theory argued that emotional feelings follow bodily arousal.

2.) Cannon-Bard Theory

• The theory proposed that emotional feelings and bodily arousal are both organized by the

brain.

3.) Schachter’s Cognitive Theory of Emotion

• Schachter realized that cognitive (mental) factors also enter into emotion. The theory

assumes that when an individual is aroused he has a need to interpret his feelings.

Theories of Emotion3ZPY 111

4.) The Evolutionary Perspective

• Darwin’s original idea was that emotions evolved via natural selection for reasons of

warning other creatures about their intentions. He also argued that for man, emotions were

no longer functional but are functional associated habits.

Sources of Emotion4

Sources of Emotion4ZPY 111

Scientists have developed several theories about how emotions are generated based on :

Subjective Feelings

Physiological Responses

Expressive Behavior

Classification of Emotion5

Classification of Emotion5ZPY 111

Anger Fear Sadness

Disgust

Joy

Curiosity / Interest Surprise Acceptance

Classification of Emotion5ZPY 111

1.) Anger

• it is a strong feeling of displeasure which usually goes with antagonism.

2.) Fear

• this is an unpleasant and often strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of

danger.

3.) Sadness

• affected with or expressive of grief and unhappiness

4.) Joy

• an unpleasant often strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of danger

Classification of Emotion5ZPY 111

5.) Disgust

• marked aversion aroused by something highly distasteful.

6.) Fear

• inquisitive interest in other’s concerns which usually leads to inquiry.

7.) Sadness

• taking of unawareness.

8.) Joy

• an agreeing either expressly or by conduct to the act or offer of another so that a contract

is concluded and the parties become legally bound.

Functions of Emotion6

Functions of Emotion6ZPY 111

Icon Meaning Icon Meaning

:-) Classic smile with nose :’-) Happy crying

:-( Classic sad with nose |-O Yawn

:) Classic smile without nose :-D Laughter

:( Classic sad without nose :-S Confused

:-@ Scream B-) Smiley with glasses

>:3 An evil smile :@ What???

:-| Non expressions of emotion :-0 Surprised

>O “ouch” ;-) Winking smile with nose

:-P Tongue sticking out (silly) ‘:-) One eyebrow raised

X-( Angry, bummed out :-X My lips are sealed

:-* Kiss =0 Surprised

O.O Shocked XD Laughter

._. Sad, shy <3 A heart or I love you

8I Not happy or sad :D Big, potentially goofy smile

(-_-) A bored face >_< Angry or frustrated face

Functions of Emotion6ZPY 111

1.) Emotions are used in order to communicate and influence others.

2.) Emotions can be utilized to organize and motivate action.

3.) Emotion can be self-validating

Thank you!