36

(10)11aFeS2n A 12n/a B 60n/a C 11a/120n D 120n/11a2NA A 22.4NA B 1molNa2O2CO22NA C 1molCH3+8NA D NASO2NASO3

2()1 KClO3+ HCl()=KCl+ Cl2+ H2O5 1 HCl5HCl5+x (xHCl)KClO3 1KCl1x=1HCl6 6 3 35e-22Al + 2NaOH + 6H2O = 2NaAlO2 + 3H2+ 4H2O6e-

3CO2CO2H2O2Mg + CO22MgO + C 2Na2O2 + 2CO2 = 2Na2CO3 + O22F2 + 2H2O = 4HF + O24RxO42- + MnO4- + H+RO2 + Mn2++H2O0.2molRxO42-0.4mol ( )x( )( )52165x28220+8=10x+8RO2RxO42-

3()130, 1mol2molCO22molH2O( )( )Na2CO3( )Na ( )C2H4O2HCOOCH3 2CH3COOH+Na2CO32CH3COONa+CO2 +H2OHO-CH2-CHO

2ABC+Cl-DCa2+2-3NaAlO2AlCl3, NaOHNaAlO2 + HCl + H2O = NaCl + Al(OH)3AlCl3 + 4NaOH = NaAlO2 + 3NaCl + 2H2OFeBr22FeBr2 + 3Cl2 = 2FeCl3 + 2Br2

3PH=1ANa+Cl-NO3-Fe3+ BCl-ClO-Na+K+CNa+Mg2+NO3-SO42- DCl-S2-Ba2+K+4A FeS FeS + 2H+ = Fe2+ + H2SB 2H+ + SO42- + Ba2+ + 2OH- = BaSO4+ 2H2OC Fe + NO3- +4H+ = Fe2+ + NO+ 2H2OD -O-+ CO2 + H2O -OH+ HCO3-

5abc2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(g)H=-a2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(l)H=-bH2(g) + 1/2O2(g) = H2O(g)H=-cA ab b=2c B a=b=c C ab a=2c D 6N2H4NO2 N2(g) + 2O2(g) = 2NO2(g)H=+67.7KJ/mol N2H4(g)+O2(g)=N2(g)+2H2O(g); H=-534KJ/mol1molN2H4NO2N2( ), 567.85KJN2H4(g)+NO2(g)=3/2N2(g)+2H2O(g);H=-567.85KJ/mol

CH4NH3H2OHClH2SHClOH2O2CO2BCl3N2-OH-NH2NaOHMgCl2Na2S Na2O Na2O2NH4ClCaC2

+Ca2+2-H2S++Na2S++

4() 1 2() () 3CO2SO2NH3Na2OCO2SO2NH3Na2OH2CO3H2SO3NaOH NH3H2OH2CO3NaOHH2SO3NH3H2ONa2ONa2O

Ca(OH)2()Mg(OH)2()Al(OH)3()Zn(OH)2()Fe(OH)2()Fe(OH)3()Cu(OH)2()AgOH()MgCO3() Ca3(PO4)2() CaSiO3()CaCO3()CaSO4()CaSO3()BaCO3() BaSO3()Ba3(PO4)2()BaSO4()Ag3PO4()Ag2CO3()Ag2SO4()Ag2SO3()AgCl()AgBr()AgI()Ag2S()FeS()CuS()ZnS()PbSO4()H2SiO3()CH3COOHH2CO3H2SO3H3PO4H2SHCNHClOHFH2ONH3H2O ()()---

1ANa+Cl-NO3-NH4+ BCl-ClO-Na+K+CK+Ba2+HCO3-Cl- DCl-MnO4-Na+K+2Na2SO4NaClNaOH, Na+SO42-OH-8:1:2Na2SO4NaClNaOH A 1:1:1 B 1:4:2 C 1:2:4 D 1:3:28:1:2n(SO42-)=1n(OH-)=2,n(Na+)=2n(SO42-)+n(OH-)+n(Cl-)8=2+2+n(Cl-)n(Cl-)=4

5()1018112 A B C D 2 A SiO2NaClS B Na+S2-Cl- C NH3PH3HF D H2SiO3H3PO4HNO33 A N5+34 B N5AsF6As+1 C N5+ D N5AsF6F-1

4 A 30 B 28 C 26 D 245XYZR A a-c = m-n B a-b = n-m C c-d = m+n D b-d = n+ma-m = b-n = c+n = d+m6 ( )

7XYXY3YmXm-4m+4m+8m-2m+6 A B C D XY3X+3+6-3Y-1-2+1XY+3-1BF3AlCl3m-4BCl3m-12AlF3m+4NH3m+6PH3m+14PCl3m-2SO3m+88 N2 CO C22- Si

10N3-O2-F-NeNa+Mg2+Al3+CH4NH3H2OHFNH4+H3O+OH-NH2-18P3-S2-Cl-ArK+Ca2+SiH4PH3H2SHClHS-F2H2O2C2H6CH3OHN2H4 Na+ NH4+H3O+F- OH-NH2- 67(PH)1.Na2CO3(Na2SO3Na2S)C(Na+) + C(H+) = C(HCO3-) + C(OH-) + 2C(CO32-)C(Na+) = 2[C(HCO3-) + C(H2CO3) + C(CO32-)]C(OH-) = C(HCO3-) + 2C(H2CO3) + C(H+)

2PHmnPHmnA mn B m=n C mn D 3PH A B C D 4C(H+)=1.0x10-12mol/l A Fe2+ NH4+ Cl- Na+ B ClO- CO32- K+ Al3+ C S2O32- AlO2- Na+ S2- D Na+ K+ Cl- SO42-51mlPH=51000mlPH=8PH7

60.1mol/l A.C(H+)C(OH-) B.C(H+) C. D.PH70.10mol/lC(H+)3ab,0.10mol/l PHab A a B a C b D b

8()1C + CO22CO ()V1N2+ 3H2 2NH3 ()V2V1V2 A B C V1V2 D V1V222A(g)2B(g) + E(g)H0 A A B C E D

3X + Y2Z A B XYZ C H0D ZXY42M(g) + N(g)2E(g)2molE(g)20%2molM(g)1molN(g)M A 20% B 40% C 60% D 80%

5N2O4(g)2NO2(g)(H0)A B NO2 C N2O4 D 6N2O4(g)2NO2(g)(H0)V1N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g) (H0)V2V1V2 A B C V1V2 D V1V2

9()1:( )( )Fe - 2e- = Fe2+2H+ + 2e- = H22( )( )( )( )( ) O2 + 4e- + 2H2O = 4OH-Fe - 2e- = Fe2+Fe2++2OH- = Fe(OH)24Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O = 4Fe(OH)33: ( ) ( )Al - 3e- = Al3+

4 Zn(s)+2MnO2(s)+H2O(l)=Zn(OH)2(s)+Mn2O3(s) A B 2MnO2(s) + H2O(l) + 2e- = Mn2O3(s) + 2OH-(aq) C D 0.2mol6.5

55.2%NaOH(1.60g/cm3)NaOH1.0%

NaOH /g /g A6.2%19152 B6.2%15219 C 4.2%1.29.4 D 4.2%9.41.2

CNaCl(aq)CH2SO4H2SO4FeCuFeCuFe - 2e- = Fe2+ 2H+ + 2e- = H2 FeFe - 2e- = Fe2+ O2 + 4e- + 2H2O = 4OH- AlAl - 3e- = Al3+ O2 + 4e- + 2H2O = 4OH-

PbO2+Pb+2H2SO42PbSO4+2H2OPb + SO42- - 2e- = PbSO4 PbO2 + 4H+ + SO42- + 2e- = PbSO4 +2H2O Zn + Ag2O + H2O2Ag + Zn(OH)2Zn - 2e- + 2OH- = Zn(OH)2 Ag2O + 2e- + H2O = 2Ag + 2OH- :Zn+2NH4Cl+2MnO2ZnCl2+2NH3+Mn2O3+H2OZn - 2e- = Zn2+ 2NH4++2e-+2MnO2=2NH3+Mn2O3+H2O

Zn(s)+2MnO2(s)+H2O(l)Zn(OH)2(s)+Mn2O3(s)Zn - 2e- + 2OH- = Zn(OH)22MnO2 + H2O + 2e- = Mn2O3 + 2OH-:Cd(OH)2+2Ni(OH)2Cd+2NiO(OH)+2H2OCd - 2e- + 2OH- = Cd(OH)22NiO(OH)+ 2H2O + 2e- = 2Ni(OH)2 + 2OH-8Li + 3SOCl26LiCl + Li2SO3 + 2SLi - e- = Li+3SOCl2 + 8e- = 6Cl- + SO32- + 2SLi

O2NaOH(aq)H2H2O2NaOHH2 - 2e- + 2OH- = 2H2O O2 + 4e- + 2H2O = 4OH-O2NaOH(aq)CH4CH4 - 8e- + 10OH- = CO32- + 7H2O O2 + 4e- + 2H2O = 4OH-:CH4+2O2+2NaOH=Na2CO3+3H2OO2H2SO4(aq)CH3OHCH3OH - 6e- + H2O = CO2 + 6H+ O2 + 4e- + 4H+ = 2H2O: 2CH3OH + 3O2 = 2CO2 + 4H2O: 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O

H2K2CO3(l)O2H2 - 2e- + CO32- = H2O + CO2 O2 + 4e- + 2CO2 = 2CO32-: 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O(O2-)A O2aB H2aC aO2 + 2H2O + 4e- = 4OH-D 2H2 + O22H2O

Ag+Hg2+Fe3+Cu2+Pb2+Sn2+Fe2+Zn2+H+Al3+Mg2+Na+Ca2+K+() S2-I-Br-Cl-OH- () F-:(HF)()

CuCl2NaOHFeNaOHC(C) 4OH- - 4e- = 2H2O + O2 (Fe)2H+ + 2e- = H2C(NaOH)PHHCl(C) 2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 (Fe)2H+ + 2e- = H2HCl,C(HCl),PH(C) 2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 (Fe)Cu2+ + 2e- = CuCuCl2C(CuCl2)PH7

NaClFeNaClC(C) 2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 (Fe)2H+ + 2e- = H22NaCl+2H2O2NaOH + H2+ Cl2CuSO4(C) 4OH- - 4e- = 2H2O + O2 (Fe)Cu2+ + 2e- = Cu2CuSO4+2H2O2H2SO4 + 2Cu + O2AgNO3(C) 4OH- - 4e- = 2H2O + O2 (Fe)Ag+ + e- = Ag4AgNO3+2H2O4HNO3 + 4Ag + O2n(e-)=n(H+)n(OH-)

ZnCl2FeZnCl2Zn(Zn) Zn - 2e- = Zn2+ (Fe)Zn2+ + 2e- = ZnZnCl2CuCuCl2Cu(Cu) Cu - 2e- = Cu2+ Zn - 2e- = Zn2+ Ni - 2e- = Ni2+ Fe - 2e- = Fe2+ (Cu)Cu2+ + 2e- = CuCu2+Cu2+AgAuPt

101molN22molH21mol( )N2H4NaHCO3HCO3- NaHCO3n(Na)=n(C)C(Na+)=C(H2CO3)+C(CO32-)+C(HCO3-)CO2Na2O2Na2O2CONa2O2Na2O2(CO)n(H2)mNa2O2(CO)n(H2)m

(5)1NaMgAlFeCu 2Na2ONa2O2NaHCO3 Na2CO3NaClNaHSO4 MgO Mg(OH)2Mg3N2Al2O3Al(OH)3AlCl3NaAlO2KAl(SO4)212H2O; FeSFeS2Fe2O3 Fe3O4 Fe(OH)2Fe(OH)3(NH4)2Fe(SO4)26H2O. CuOCu(OH)2Cu2(OH)2CO3 3ClSNCO 4:HClHClOKClO3H2S SO2H2SO3 H2SO4 Na2SO3 Na2SO4 Na2S2O3 NONO2N2O4HNO3NaNO2 5

(6)1 2 3 4() 5 6

(8)1()--- (1/3) () () () () ()

--- (0.1ml) () (0.01ml) (0.01ml) () ()

(0.1)--- (2/3) () () () ()

2()3() ~~~O2 NH3 CH4H2 H2S CO2Cl2 HCl SO2 NO NO2 CH2=CH2~SO2CO2SO2SO2SO2SO2CO2

4

()()()()3%~5%NaHCO3()()CuSO4

~COH2Fe2O3CuO~()~~()()~

5() (COCO2; O2CO2Na2O2Na2CO3NaHCO3NaHCO3Na2CO3CO2CO2SO2H2SHClFeCl3FeCl2Cl2Na2SO4Na2SO3NaOHAlCl3FeCl3MgCl2NaOHCO2)

H2CO2SO2CONO2HClCH4NH3H2SHBrHIP2O5H2CO2SO2COCl2NO2HClNH3CaONaOHH2CON2O2 NH3CO2SO2H2SCl2NO2HCl CaCl2 CuSO4

6FeCl3Fe(OH)3, NaOHCuSO4Cu(OH)2Al(OH)3Al3++3NH3H2O=Al(OH)3+3H2O AlO2-+CO2+2H2O=Al(OH)3+HCO3-Al3++3AlO2-+6H2O=4Al(OH)3NaOHCu(NO3)2Cu~CuO~Cu(NO3)2CuCu~CuO~CuSO4CuSO4Cu

, FeCl3HClHClFeCl3Fe(OH)3HClFe(OH)2 CuSO4 Cu(NO3)2 FeSO4 78

(7)1324()56C(H+)C(OH-)PH7,,,------

1000/M NANANANA(g)M(g/mol)M(g/mol)(L)Vm(L/mol)Vm(L/mol)(g/L)(g/L) V(L)V(L)(%)1000/M

M=22.4()() M=DMrM=M1a1%+M2a2%1mol