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1. Frnak, Ande Gunder, Capitalism and under development.
In: Latin America., Historical studies of Chile and Brasil,
penguin Books. 1971.
2. Ibid., p.33 . :
. :
-. : .
4. Frank, Ander Gunder: Capitalism and under development in :
Latin America op. cit., p. 38.
- . -: . .
6. Myrdal, Gunner: Asian Drama. An Inquiry into the poverty of
Nations. Vol. 11. Penguin Books. 1968.
7. Ibid., P. 715, 8. Hobe house, L.T.: Social development, its
nature and
condition George Allen & unwion Ltd, 1960. 9. Ibid., p. 76.
10. Ibid., p. 87.
-
. . : . :
:
, - . . : . . :
- .
14. Smith, Sheila: The Ideas of Samir Amin "Theory or tautology
In: The Journal of development studies. Vol (17) October. 1980.
.
15. Frank, Ander Gunder: Capitalism and underdevelopment, In
latin America op-cit. PP. 33-34.
. . -
17. See: World development Report, 1980. The world Bank.
Washington. D.C. August 1980, chap. 6. 18. Ibid., p. 85.
-
19. International Encyclopedia of social science. Vol (4). The
Macmillan Company the free press. 1968, pp. 397-398.
20. Almond, Gabriel A, and Marivn, chodorow and Ry, Harvery
Pearce: Progress and Its Discontents. University of California
press. 1982.
21. Ibid., p. 6. 22. Ibid, pp. 8-9. 23. Nisbet, Robert: History
of the Idea of progress: Basic
Books, publishers New York, 1980. 24. Ibid., p. 190. 25. Ibid.,
p. 207. 26. Ibid., p. 212. 27. See:
Bury, J.B.: The Idea of progress New York. Dover. 1956.
28. Ibid., p. 2. 29. Nibset, Robert :History of the Idea of
progress. Op. cit. 30. Ibid., p. 211. 31. Robert, Ian: Sociology
worth Publishers. New York.
1987. pp. 64-65.
-
32. Nisbet, Robert: History of Idea of progress & op-cit.
pp. 179-180.
33. Ibid., p. 209. . . :
,- 35. Abercrombie, Nicholas and Hill, Stephen the Penguin
Dictionary of sociology Penguin Books, 1986. 36. Ibid., p.
37.
: . - . :
, 38. Robertson, Ian; Sociology. Worth Publishers. New York.
1987. p.65. 39. See:
Gellner, Ernest: Nations and Nationalism, Basil Black well.
1983. pp: 124-126.
- . : . . -
41. La Piere, R: Social change. Mcgraw, Hillbook. N.Y. 1965.
-
42. Moore, Wilbert: Social change In International Encyclopedia
of social science op-cit. p. 366.
. . : .
44. Smelser, Neil: Sociology, An Introduction- John Willy and
Sons. N.Y. London. Sydney 1967.
45. Ibid, pp. 691- 692. 46. Davis, kingsley : Human Society. The
mac millan
Company. N. Y. 1949. pp. 622-623. 47. Moore, Wilbert, Op-cit. P.
366. 48. Appel Baum, Richaerd P. Theories of Social Change
Markham Publishing Company Chicaga. 1970. 49. Ibid., pp:
118-123. 50. Ibid., P. 123. 51. Smelser, Neil J.: "Sociology An
Introduction. Op-cit. pp
700-701. 52. Ogbrun, William fielding: Social change with
Respect to
culture and original nature The Viking press. 1922. 53. Ibid.,
pp; 257-265.
-
54. Worng, Dennis: Makers of Modern social science. Maxweber
prentice Hall. New Jersey-1970. pp. 199- 203.
55. Steward, Julian: Theory of culture change. The Methodology
of Mutilineal Evolution urbana University of illinoise press.
1963.
56. Appel Baum, Richard p. op cit. 120-125.
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1. Hagen, Everett: The creative personality In Robert H. Laur:
Perspective on social change. Boston, Allyn and Bacon- 1973. pp.
80-81.
. . : . - -
: . -. : - -
.4. Ma Clelland, David; The Achievement oriented personality: In
Robert H. Laur, Perspective on social change. Boston, Allyn and
Bacon, 1973. p. 86.
-
5. Schumpeter, Joseph A.: The theory of Economic Development. An
Inquiry into profits. Capital, credit, interests and the Business
cycle. Translated from the German by reders opie. Harvard
University press 1959. pp. 89-90.
,. . : - -: . .
. . . . .
Myrdal, Gunner, : Asian Drama vol. III : Op-cit. pp. 1856-
1857.
. . . : :
- . : .
10. Frank, Ander Gunder: Capitalism and underdevelopment in
Latin America op-cit. p 12.
- . : . .
,-. . . :
. . . . :
-
16. Frank, Ander Gunder: capitalism and underdevelopment In:
latin America op-cit, p. 12. 17. Ibid., pp. 16-17. 18. Frank, Ander
Gunder : capitalism and underdevelopment in: Latin American pp:
30-31. 19. Ibdi., pp. 32-33. 20. Frank, Ander gunder: Capitalism
and underdevelopment. Op-cit. p. 34. 21. Ibid., pp. 35-36. 22.
Ibid., p. 34. 23. Marx, Karl: Exploitation and Accumulation of
Misery in Robert E. will and Harcourt G. vatter: Poverty in
Affluence. The social Political and Economic Dimensions of Poverty
in the United States. N. Y. Chicago. Burlingame. 1965. pp. 54-57.
24. Lipton, Micheal: why poor people stay poor. A study of urban
bias in world development. Temple Smith London. 1977. 25. Lipton,
Micheal: why poor people stay poor. A study of urban bias in world
development. Temple Smith London. 1977.
-
25. Ibid., pp. 110-111. .
-
: a. Economic theory and underdeveloped Regions, 1956. b. Asian
Drama: An inquiry into the poverty of Nations- 1965. c. The
challenge of world poverty A world Anti-Poverty program in outline,
1971.
- : -.
. ""
. . : :
, - - -. :
. - 29. Myrdal, Gunner : Asian Drama. Vol III. Penguin Books.
Op-cit.pp. 1870-1875.
-
,-. : 31. World Development Report. 1980. The world Bank:
Washington D.C. August 1980. pp. 80-81.
-. : .
33. Myrdal, Gunner. Asian Drama Vol. II. Penguin Books. P. 716.
34. Ibid., Pp. 1873-1874.
. . : ,
36. Myrdal, Gunner: Asian Drama. Vol II. Op-cit. p. 710. 37.
Ibid., pp: 716-718. 38. Ibid., p. 727. 39. Ibid., p. 728- 731. 40.
Ibid., 734. 41. Myrdal, Gunner: Asian Drama, vol II. Op-cit. p.
740.
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-
:
1. Moore, Wilbert: Social change In: International Encyclopedia
of social science vol (4) the Mac Millan company & the free
press. 1968. p. 366.
. . : : . -
3. Parry, Geraint: Political Elites, studies, In: Political
Science Third impression, New Society 1962. 4. Ibid., PP. 27-29. 5.
Hunter, Floud: Community power structure, A study of decision
Makers, chapel Hil, University of North Carolina press. 1953. In :
Edward Keynes and David M. Ricci, Political power Community and
Democracy Rand Mc Nally and Company, Chicago 1970. 6. Ibid, PP:
108-109. 7. Ibid., P 110. 8. Ibid., PP: 112-117. 9. Mills, C.
Wright: The Structure of Power in American Society British Journal
of Sociology- Vol. 9, No 1, PP: 29-41. In: Allessandro Pizzorno:
Political Modern sociology Reading, Penguin Books 1962. P. 114.
-
:
10. Mills, C. Wright. The Structure of power in American Society
op cit, pp. 114116. 12. Aron, R. Social Structure and Ruling calss,
opcit P.6 13. Ibid., PP. 616. 14. Ibid., PP- 6-16.
,. . : 16. Dahl, Robert A: A critical of the ruling Elite mode.
American Science Review, Vol, 52-1958. PP: 463-469. In :
Allessandro Pizzorno: Political Modern Sociology Reading Peneguin
Books. 1962. 17. Ibid., P. 128. 18. Ibid., P. 130. 19. Mills, C.W:
The power Elite: Oxford University press. 1956. 20. Keller,
Suzanne: The functions of strategic Elites: In: International
Encyclopedia of social Science. Vol (4): the Mac Millan company
& Free press, 1968. 21. Ibid., P. 27.
. : . : :
-. : ,
-
:
23. Frank, A.G: Capitalism and underdevelopment in Latin America
Historical studies of chile and Brezil. Peguin Books. 1971. pp.
33-34. 34. Smith, Sheila : The ideas of Samir Amin, theory or
tautology In: The Journal of Development Studies. Vol. (7) No. 1
October, 1980. PP. 5-20. 35. Aron, R.: Social structure and the
Ruling class In: British Journal of sociology. Op-cit., pp. 6-16.
36. Keller, Suzanne: Beyond the Ruling class. Op-cit., p.27.
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1867-
1869. 3. Bendix, R. : Towards a Definition of Modernization
In:
Comparative studies in Society and History Vol (a). 1967.
PP.331-335.
4. Ibid., P. 333. 5. Ibid., P. 334.
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Allessandro pizzorno: Political modern sociology Reading. Penguin
Books. 1962. P. 128.
20. Aron, R. Social structure and Ruling class. Op-cit-PP:
6-16.
21. Keller, Suzanne: Beyond the Ruling class op cit- P 27. : . .
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-
:
1. Y. so, Alvin: social change and development Modernization,
Dependency, and world system theories. Sage library of social
Research. 1990.
2. Ibid., PP., 261-262. 3. Myrdal, Gunner: Asian Drama: an
Inquiry into the poverty of nations, Vol III, Penguin Books 1968.
4. Y, so, Alvin: Social change and development.
Modernization, Dependency and world system Op-cit., p., 162.
5. Ibid., P., 253. .
. United Nations Research Institute for Social Development.
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( ). -Information Technologies and social Development
.
. -
-
.See: Wiarda, Howad J. Theory of Development Alternative
Conceptions from the third world. In: The Journal of Developing
Areas. Volume (17) Number (4). July. 1983. pp., 433-452. 8. Lerner,
D: The passing of Traditional society. New York. Free press.
1958.
-
:
9. See: Mc Clelland, David: The Achieving Society, New York,
free press, 1976. 10. See: Inkeles, A and smith, D.H: Becoming
Modern, carmbridge, Harvard University press, 1974. 11. See:
Smelser, N: Mechanisms of adjustments to change in:
Industrial Man. Harmondsworth Pendguing, 1969.
12. Harrison, David: The sociological of Modernization and
development, London, unwin hyman. 1988. P., 25.
13. See: Rostow, W: The stages of economic Growth. A Non-
Communist manifesto. Cambridge University press. 1960. P.,
27.
14. Harrison, David: Op-Cit., 27. 15. See. Lipset. S.M: Values
Education and Entrepreneurship in: Lipset, S.M. and solaria, A;
Elites in Latin America. New York, oxford University press.
1967.
-
:
16. Hoogvelt, ankie: Globalization and Postcolonial World. The
new political Economy of Development The Johns Hopkins University
press Baltimore, Maryland. 1997.
17. Ibid., PP., 35-37. 18. Dos Santos, Theotonio: The Structure
of Dependence in:
Development and underdevelopment the political Economy of
Inequality. Edited by; Seligson, Mitchell A and pass- Smith, John
T. Lynne Rienner Publishers. London. 1993.
19. Ibid., PP., 193-194. 20. Ibd., P., 195. 21. Ibid., P. 198.
22. Hoogvelt, Ankie: Globalization and the postcolonial
world. Op-cit., PP. 37-38. 23. Ibid., P. 39. 24. Ibid., P.,
40.
" " :
-
:
See: Preston, P.W; Development Theory An introduction, Blackwell
publishers. Cambridge, 1996 PP., 322-323. 25. Wallerstein.
Immanuel; capitalism Promotes social
change in: Barteck, lynn and Karen multin: Enduring Issues in
Sociology, Opposing view points. Green haven press, San Diego. 1995
PP., 281- 288.
26. Y. So., Alvin: op cit., 201-202. 27. Ibid., PP., 202-203.
28. Ibid., P., 205. 29. Ibid., PP. , 221-223. 30. Wallerestein,
Immanuel; The rise and future Demise of
world capitalist system. In sources Notable Selections, Edited
by: Finstebuch, ukurt and Janet s. Schwarlz. The Dushkin publishing
Group. 1993. PP., 331-332.
31. The political and social theory of max weber. Collected
Essays, Wolfgang J. mommsen.
-
:
The University of chicageo press. 1989. PP., 53-54.
32. Hoogvelt, ankie: Op-Cit., PP., 48-51. 33. Harison, David:
Op-cit., P., 30. 34. Ibid., PP., 30-31. 35. Ibid., PP., 1-2. 36.
See. Frank, Ander Gunder: Capitalism and underdevelopment in Latin
Ameica. Historical studies of Chile and brazil, penguin books.
1971. 37. Y. So, Alvin, Op- cit., PP., 200-205. 38. Dos santos,
Theotonio: The structure of Dependence.
Op-cit., PP., 193-194. : .
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43. Hoogvelt, Ankie: Globalization and postcolonial World.
Op-cit., Preface, PP., 1-2.
. : -
, 45. Hoogvelt, Ankie.: Op- Cit.,P., 3. 46. Ibid., Preface P.,
5. 47. See: Amin, Samir; The Challenge of Globalization In: Nyerer,
Julius K. : Facing the Challenge. The South Centre. Zed Books . New
Jersy. 1993. PP., 132- 138.
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