báo cáo thực hành KTCL thịt

7/22/2019 bo co thc hnh KTCL tht

1/38

BCNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM

KHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

BO CO THC HNH

Mn : Kim tra cht lng Tht

GVHD : inh Hu ng

Nhm thc hin : Nhm 1

LP 04CDNKN2

Nin kha: 20112014

Tp.H Ch Minh


2/38

Trng i hc Cng nghip thc phm TP.HCM Kim tra cht lng ThtKhoa Cng ngh thc phm

GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

2

LI MU

Knh cho thy, y l bi bo co ghi li ton b cng vic v kinthc hc c trong mn Kim tra cht lng Tht ca Nhm 1 trongthi gian thc hnh qua. Nhm 1 cm n thy inh Hu ng tntnh ch dy chng em trong qu trnh hc tp v thc hnh, cn nhiu thiust trong qu trnh hc cng nh trong qu trnh lm bo co nn mongthy b qua v cho chng em li nhn xt cng nh gp hon thin

hn v mt kin thc trnh by trong bi bo co ny. Mt ln na xincm n thy, chc thy nhiu sc khe v thm nhiu thnh cng trongcng vic ging dy.

Danh sch Nhm 1

H v tn M s sinh vin Mc lm vic

Phng Thin Tm (NT) 3305110568 100%

Nguyn Th Ngc Nhung 3305110468 90%

L Th Hng Phng 3305110516 90%

L Th Thu Phng 3305110517 90%

Nguyn Th Kim Tho 3305110616 90%


3/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

3

BI 1: Kim tra cht lng tht ti

-------------------1.1 Phm vi p dng:

Tiu chun ny p dng cho tht gia sc, gia cm v tht chim, th

nui trng thi ti dung lm thc phm.

1.2 Dng c, thit b v ha cht:- Dao- Tht- Ni inox- R- Bp in- T nha- a- Mu tht g, b, heo- Cn k thut v cn phn tch

1.3 Tin hnh-

Quan st mu v nh gi cc ch tiu v trng thi, mu sc , mi, v,n hi, ty xng (nu c) , trng thi m(nu c).

- Luc tht (100oC, thm NaCL 0.5 ~ 0.7% cn bng p sut) vnh gi nc luc tht v vng m, mi, c c, git m, bt.


4/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

4

- Lp bng tnh im cm quan theo thang im (5).1.4 c kt qu:nh gi cht lng tht heo:

- nh gi cm quan:Thang im

Ch tiuRt tt Tt

Trung

bnhKhng tt Km

Mu sc x

Mi x

Trng thi x

n hi x

Mu sc:

Rt tt: c mu ti Tt: hi Trung bnh: hi ng mu sm Khng tt: lt, hi thm Km: lt hn v thm nhiu hn

Mi :

Rt tt: mi tanh t nhin ca tht heo


5/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

5

Tt: mi tanh hi mc va phi Trung bnh: mi tanh hi nng hn Khng tt: mi hi nng hn Km: mi thi xut hin r rt

Trng thi:

Rt tt: lin kt gia cc si c, cc m cht ch Tt: lin kt hi ri rc Trung bnh: lin kt c tnh ri rc Khng tt: lin kt ht cht ch, c xu hng t ri hoc vkhi c tcng mnh

Km: lin kt li rc, d bt ri

n hi:

Rt tt: vt lm phc hi rt nhanh (khong 5 giy) Tt: vt lm phc hi nhanh (khong 10 giy) Trung bnh: mc phc hi chm Khng tt: phc hi nhng khng trli nh hnh dng ban u Km: khng phc hi c


6/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

6

- nh gi nc luc tht (mNaCl = 0.65g):Thang im

Ch tiuRt tt Tt

Trung

bnhKhng tt Km

Vng m x

Mi v x

c x

Git m x

Bt x

Vng m:

Rt tt: xut hin t, mu sc trong Tt: mu sc c Trung bnh: hi ng mu Khng tt: ng mu, xut hin nhiu Km: mu c, xut hin rt nhiu

Mi v:

Rt tt: mi thm

Tt: mi thm nh Trung bnh: mi thm c ln mi hi Khng tt: c mi hi


7/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

7

Km: mi hi nng ncc:

Rt tt: nc luc trong Tt: hi trong Trung bnh: hi c v ng mu Khng tt: c Km: c v ng mu

Git m:

Rt tt: git mtrong, to, trn, c mu c trng Tt: kch thc va, trong, trn Trung bnh: kch thc nh, hi c Khng tt: kch thc nhhn, c Km: c, khng quan st r

Bt:

Rt tt: rt t, mu trng, gn nh khng c Tt: c xut hin v mu trng Trung bnh: xut hin nhiu, ng mu hi xm Khng tt: nhiu, c mu xm Km: nhiu, c mu xm en


8/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

8

nh gi cht lng tht b:


Ch tiuRt tt Tt

Trung

bnhKhng tt Km

Mu sc x

Mi X

Trng thi xn hi X

Mu sc:

Rt tt: mu ti, sng Tt: ti Trung bnh: hi sm Khng tt: sm Km: sm en

Mi :

Rt tt: tanh c trng ca b Tt: mi tanh nh Trung bnh: mi tanh ln mi hi


9/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

9

Khng tt: mi hi r rt Km: mi hi thi nng

Trng thi:

Rt tt: lin kt gia cc m v c cht ch Tt: lin kt hi cht ch Trung bnh: lin kt khng cht ch lm Khng tt: lin kt khng cht ch Km: lin kt d dng b pht vbi tc ng

n hi:



10/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

10

- nh gi nc luc tht (mNaCl= 0.58g):Thang im

Ch tiuRt tt Tt

Trung

bnhKhng tt Km

Vng m X

Mi v X

c X

Git m x

Bt x

Vng m:

Rt tt: nh vng, trong Tt: nh vng sm Trung bnh: vng mtha, khng c mu Khng tt: bm thnh ni, mu hi sm Km: vng mc v ri rc

Mi v:

Rt tt: thm c trng ca tht b

Tt: thm nh Trung bnh: ch ngi thy khi gn nc luc Khng tt: c mi l


11/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

11

Km: c mi l nng nc, khng cn mi thmc:

Rt tt: trong, khng c cn Tt: trong, c cn li ti Trung bnh: hi c Khng tt: c Km: c v nhiu cn

Git m:

Rt tt: to, trn, sng Tt: to va, trn, sng Trung bnh: va, trn, hi sng Khng tt: nh Km: nhli ti, hi ng mu

Bt:

Rt tt: t bt, c mu trng sng Tt: bt va, c mu trng Trung bnh: va, c mu hi c Khng tt: nhiu, c Km: rt nhiu, c mu c ng en


12/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

12

nh gi cht lng tht g:


Ch tiuRt tt Tt

Trung

bnhKhng tt Km

Mu sc x

Mi x

Trng thi xn hi x

Ty xng x

Tri thi m x

Mu sc:

Rt tt: c mu vng ti Tt: vng nht Trung bnh: vng sm Khng tt: vng sm, ng sang Km: mu cam sm

Mi :

Rt tt: tanh c trng


13/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

13

Tt: mi tanh nh Trung bnh: tanh v hi Khng tt: hi, khng c mi tanh Km: mi i thiu xut hin

Trng thi:

Rt tt: cc m v c lin kt cht ch Tt: lin kt tt Trung bnh: khng cht ch lm Khng tt: khng cht ch Km: ri rc

n hi:


Ty xng:

Rt tt: hi c, c mu, vn cn lin kt cht, cha r Tt: c, c du hiu r


14/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

14

Trung bnh: hi r v c nc chy ra Khng tt: r Km: r v c mi hi

Trng thi m:

Rt tt: dnh cht vo tht, c mu vng ti Tt: mu vng nht Trung bnh: ng mu vng sm Khng tt: vng sm Km: sm, c

- nh gi nc luc tht (mNaCl= 0.58g):Thang im

Ch tiu

Rt tt TtTrung

bnh

Khng tt Km

Vng m x

Mi v x

c x

Git m x

Bt x

Vng m:

Rt tt: trong, c mu vng


15/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

15

Tt: hi trong, mu vng nht Trung bnh: c, hi ng mu Khng tt: c Km: rt c v mu sm

Mi v:

Rt tt: mi thm Tt: thm nh Trung bnh: t thm, c mi hi Khng tt: khng cn mi thm Km: c mi hi nng

c:

Rt tt: trong, khng c cn Tt: hi trong Trung bnh: hi c Khng tt: c Km: rt c v c cn

Git m:

Rt tt: to, trn, c mu vng Tt: va, mu vng nht


16/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

16

Trung bnh: nh, mu sm Khng tt: nh, ri rc, mu sm Km: nh li ti

Bt:

Rt tt: t, trng sng Tt: t, c mu trng sm Trung bnh: va, c mu trng ng vng Khng tt: nhiu, mu hi sm Km: rt nhiu, ng mu xm

nh gi: c 3 loi tht u c trng thi tt v c th s dng c.


17/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

17

BI 2: o pH, nh tnh H2S, NH3

-------------2.1 Xc nh pH:

2.1.1 Phm vi p dng:

Tiu chun ny qui nh phng php chun gi tr pH trong tt c

cc loi tht v cc sn phm ch bin t tht gia sc, gia cm.

2.1.2 Dng c, thit b v ha cht:

- Cn k thut- My xay tht- Cc 50ml- a thy tinh- Phu 8cm- Giy lc- Bnh tia- Nc ct- KCl 0.1N- pH k- Giy o pH- Mu tht b v tht heo


18/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

18

2.1.3 Tin hnh:

- Dng giy pH: dn giy pH trc tip ln b mt tht, quan st giy pHc i mu hay khng sau 10-15 pht.

- Dng my o pH: cn 5g tht, xay v ng ha mu bng nc ct,lc bng giy lc hoc bng gn. Ht 10ml dch lc v thm KCl 0.1N vi

lng bng 10 ln mu. iu chnh pH kv o dch mu. Sau khi o phi

vsinh k pH k.

2.1.4 c kt qu:pH khi o bng giy pH:

- tht heo: 6- tht b: 6

pH khi o bng pH k:

- tht heo: 4.8- tht b: 4.9

Nhn xt: kt qu ca 2 cch o sai lch l do qu trnh lc khi chun b

mu o bng pH k.

2.2 nh tnh H2S:2.2.1 Phm vi p dng:


19/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

19

Tiu chun ny xc nh ti i ca tht gia sc, gia cm, tht chim

c dng lm thc phm.

2.2.2 Dng c, thit b v ha cht:

- Cn k thut- My xay- a petri- Cc 100ml, 250ml- a thy tinh- Acid photphoric 5%- Giy ch acetat

2.2.3 Tin hnh:

- Cn 20g tht, xay nhuyn v cn 5g mu xay dn u ln 2 mt caa petri, dn giy ch acetat ln b mt mu, sau 15 pht quan st 1 ln.

Nu giy ch acetat xut hin chm en => c H2S, nu khng c chm en

=> khng c H2S.


20/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

20

Mu tht heo

Mu ch


21/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

21

2.2.4 c kt qu:

Giy ch acetat khng xut hin chm en, vy mu tht heo v tht b

khng c H2S chng t tht cn ti.

2.3 nh tnh NH3:2.3.1 Phm vi p dng:

Tiu chun ny dng s bc hi ca HCl trong dung dch hn hp

cn ethanol phn ng xy ra vi NH3 v to thnh mui clorua amoni

(xut hin khi trng).

2.3.2 Dng c, ha cht v thit b:

- ng nghim c nt y- Dao- Tht- Gi ng nghim- Mc treo tht- Mu tht heo- Dung dch Herber

2.3.3 Tin hnh:


22/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

22

- Cho vo ng nghim 5ml dung dch Herber, ct tht thnh lt mngsau mc vo mc treo tht, vo trong ng nghim cch b mt dung

dch t 1-2cm. Sau mt thi gian quan st xem trn thnh ng nghim ckhi trng hay khng, nu c => c NH3v ngc li.

Mu tht

2.3.4 c kt qu:

Trn thnh ng nghim c lp khi trng mchng t tht c b i v

khng cn ti mc va phi.


23/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

23

BI 3: Phn ng sa lng Protein, nh tnh Borax

---------------------3.1 Phn ng sa lng Protein:

3.1.1 Phm vi p dng:

Tiu chun ny xc nh ti, i ca tht gia sc, gia cm, tht

chim c dng lm thc phm da trn phn ng CuSO4 ha tan Proteintrong mu.


- My xay tht- ng ong 50ml- Giy lc- a thy tinh- Cc 100ml- Bnh nh mc- Pipet 1ml-

Nc ct- Bnh tam gic- CuSO4 1%- Mu tht heo


24/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

24

3.1.3 Tin hnh:

- Cn 12,5g tht xay, cho vo bnh nh mc 250ml v nh mc tivch, yn trong 15 pht sau em i lc.Chun b 2 cc 100ml, cc 2

ht 5ml dch lc, cc 1 ht 5ml dch lc + 5 git CuSO41%. trong 5

pht v nhn xt c ca cc 1 (c cho CuSO4 1%) so vi cc 2.

Mu tht

3.1.4 c kt qu:

Dung dch trong cc 1 (c cho CuSO41%) trong hn dung dch trong

cc 2. Da trn nguyn l lng protein b ha tan bi CuSO4 nn nu tht

cn ti v khng b i th lng protein b ha tan st. Nh vy mu tht


25/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

25

khng cn ti (thi gian t lc git mn lc kim tra khong 5 gi)

nhng vn c th s dng c.

3.2 nh tnh Borax:

3.2.1 Phm vi p dng:

Xc nh tht v cc sn phm tht c Borax hay khng.


- Cn phn tch- Giy thm ngh- Pipte 1ml, 5ml- Bnh nh mc 250ml- Phu thy tinh- a petri- Gi pipet- Giy lc- HCl 5N- Mu tht heo v mu ch la

3.2.3 Tin hnh:

- Cn mu xay (mtht = 25.12g, mch = 12,57g) cho vo bnh nhmc 250ml v nh mc ti vch. Sau 15 pht em i lc, ht 5ml dch lc


26/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

26

cho vo a petri + 2ml HCl 5N. Nhng giy ngh vo dung dch trong

a, ri kh, sau 15 pht quan st v c kt qu. Giy nghkhng i

mu => khng c borax, giy ngh i sang mu hoc hng => cborax.

Mu v giy ngh

3.2.4 c kt qu:

Mu ch c Borax.

Mu tht heo khng c Borax.


27/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

27

BI 4: Kim tra cht lng hp

-----------4.1 Phm vi p dng:

hp tht cc loi hoc cc hp cc sn phm t tht.

4.2 Ha cht, dng c v thit b:

- Km- Cc 250ml- Mung inox- Kp o- Cn k thut- Giy o pH- Bp in- Ni inox- Mu hp

4.3 Tin hnh:

Kim tra cc ch tiu theo th t t ngoi vo trong, do gii hn thi

gian v iu kin phng th nghim nn ch kim tra c 1 s ch tiu, cc

ch tiu cn li ch hc trn l thuyt.


28/38


29/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

29

- Cm quan (mi v, mu sc)- Khi lng tnh (% khi lng, t lci nc)- Vch hp (lp vecni)- Ha hc (pH; NaCl, acid, cht bo qun; kim loi nng; kim tra S t

joint cao su trong m ghp)

- Ha sinh (vi sinh vt)- Ha l ( chn khng, m ghp)

4.4 c kt qu:

Kim tra bn ngoi:

- Tn sn phm: Heo hai lt (Two bits of pork)- Cng ty sn xut: 3 BNG MAI- Sn xut ti Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Vit Nam k ngh sc

sn (VISSAN)

- Thnh phn: Nc heo: 34% Mheo Protein u nnh Tinh bt bp ng Mui Tiu


30/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

30

Hnh Ti Cht n nh (452) Cht iu v (621)

- Ch tiu cht lng ch yu: Protid 7% weight NH3 < 4 mg/100grs

- Ngy sn xut: 09/11/2012 VISSAN- Hn s dng: 09/11/2015 04HO50- M vch: 8934572002006. y l m vch thuc h thng m s

EAN loi s dng 13 s (EAN-13) c cu to t tri sang phi nh sau:

M quc gia (ca Vit Nam l 893): hai hoc ba su tin M doanh nghip: t bn, nm hoc su s. M mt hng: c thl nm, bn hoc ba s ty doanh nghip. S kim tra: thng l s cui cng

- Khi lng tnh: 150g ( 10g)- Np v y: bnh thng, khng mp mo- Trng thi: khng b phng-

kn: G m thanh: m thanh nghe trong, thanh l hp tt


31/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

31

kn: un si nc 70 - 80OC (nu si hn s c bt kh v khc kt qu) sau cho hp mu vo v quan st xem c bt kh hay

khng. Khng c bt kh => kn.

Kim tra bn trong:

- Cm quan: Mu sc: hng, c trng ca sn phm Mi: thm V: mn du, ngt Trng thi sn phm: cn nguyn, khng b v

- Khi lng tnh: Khi lng tnh 102,68g so vi 150g trn bao b T lci nc 60:40 so vi 50:50 trn bao b

- Vch hp: lp vecni khng b try xt, khng b r st, khng b nmv sn phm bm vo

- pH: o c bng giy o pH l 6- Ha l (kim ra m ghp): dng km ct ri phn thn v np o

di mc thn v di mc np. Sau tnh ton theo cng thc cho

v so snh kt qu vi bng tiu chun m ghp nh gi.

- Di y l bng tiu chun ghp m dnh cho sn phm hp quycch 307:


32/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

32

307

Gii hn bnh thng

chp nhn

Gii hn ti a chp

nhn

su ca m (mm) 3.10 - 3.40 2.09 - 3.50

rng (mm) 2.853.15 2.653.25

dy (mm) 1.01.21 0.801.31

Mc thn(mm) 1.852.20 1.652.30

Mc np (mm) 1.852.20 1.652.30

ph thc t (mm) Thp nht 1.02 mm Thp nht 1.02 mm

% cht (%) 7090% 7090%

% mc thn (%) Thp nht 70% Thp nht 70%

Ti a khong trng (mm) 0.010.22 0.010.22

ng p lc Tt Tt

di m ghp, k hiu l SL (Seam Length) = 2.8 mm


33/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

33

dy m ghp, k hiu l ST (Seam Thickness) = 1.5 mm

di mc thn, k hiu l BH (Body hook) = 2 mm


34/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

34

di mc np, k hiu l CH (Cover hook) = 1.8 mm

di mc thn, k hiu l BH (Body hook) = 2 mm dy st lm np, k hiu l Te (0.28 ~ 0.3) = 0.3 mm dy st lm thn, k hiu l Tb (0.2 ~ 0.24) = 0.2 mm ph thc t ca m ghp = BH + CH + Te + SL = 6.9 mm % chng m =

= 65%

% mc thn =

= 92.7%

Khong trng = ST(2Tb + 3Te) = 0.2 mmNhn xt: cc chtiu nh gi m ghp c sai sdo thao tc o v c kt

qu khng chun xc nn khi so snh vi bng tiu chun khng khp.


35/38


36/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

36

- Bnh tia- Gi pipet- ng nghim- Buret- Gi buret- Qu bp cao su- MgO- H2SO4 0.1N- Metyl Red- NaOH 0.1N- Giy qu- Mu tht heo- PP 1%-

Nc ct

5.3 Tin hnh:

Cn 5.06g mu tht heo xay nhuyn cho vo bnh cu + 50ml nc

ct, thm vo 0.5ml PP1%, thm MgO bo ha cho n khi dung dch trong

bnh cu c mu hng bn th dng li.

Lp bchng ct sau un nng bnh cu nhit va phi trnh

dung dch trong bnh cn v kht.


37/38


GVHD inh Hu ng Nhm

37

H thng chng ct t lp t

Bnh tam gic chun b sn 20ml H2SO4 0.1N + 5 git Metyl red.

Dng bnh tam gic hng dung dch chng cht c t bchng ct.

Sau khong 30 pht dng giy pH thxem qu trnh chng ct kt

thc hay cha. Dng giy pH chm thvo u ra ca bchng ct, nu c

mu xanh -> vn cn NH3 v tip thc chng ct, nu khng i mu ->


38/38


ht, dng qu trnh chng ct m mang bnh tam gic i chun xc

nh hm lng NH3.

Chun bng NaOH cho n khi dung dch chuyn sang mu vng

nht th dng v ghi li th tch NaOH tiu tn.

5.4 Tnh kt qu:

= 16.8 (g/ml)

Vi: V1: th tch H2SO4

V2: th tch NaOH tiu tn

0.0017: s g NH3tng ng trong 1ml H2SO4

m: khi lng mu

Nhn xt: kt qucha ng tin cy do cn sai st trong qu trnh chng

ct v chun .

Documents

báo cáo thực hành KTCL thịt