Chui cung ng
Chui cung ng
Mi quan h gia chin lt kinh doanh & chui cung ng La chn chui
cung ng ph hp vi tnh hnh hin nay
Chui cung ngKhi nimPhn loi 5 lnh vc c bn Gii thch mt s khi
nim
Chui cung ngKhi nim chui cung ng: Chui cung ng l s lin kt vi cc
cng ty nhm a sn phm hay dch v vo th trng. Chui cung ng bao gm mi
cng on c lin quan, trc tip hay gin tip, n vic p ng nhu cu khch hng.
Chui cung ng khng ch gm nh sn xut v nh cung cp, m cn nh vn chuyn,
kho, ngi bn l v bn thn khch hng.
Phn loiC nhiu cch phn loi chui cung ng: Chin lc chui cung ng thn
thin hay mt thit ( intimate supply
chain); Chin lc chui cung ng tinh gin ( lean supply chain); Chin
lc chui cung ng nhanh nhy ( agile supply chain) ; Chin lc chui cung
ng hiu nng ( efficient supply chain); Chin lc chui cung ng hng n
khch hng (customer driven supply chain); Chin lc chui cung ng t cng
( resilient supply chain ); Chin lc chui cung ng nh hng theo nhu cu
( demand driven supply chain).
5 lnh vc c bn ca chui cung ng1.2. 3.
4.5.
Sn xut. Hng tn kho. V tr. Vn chuyn. Thng tin.
Gii thch mt s khi nim Hiu ng bullwhip M hnh postponement M hnh
crossdocking.
Hiu ng BullwhipKhi nim: Hiu ng ny c th gi l hiu ng Roi ui B, hiu
nm na l : ch mt ci pht c tay (bin ng nh ca demand) s gy ra mt bin
ng rt ln ca ui roi (bin ng ln v demand cho cc chng upstream chui
cung ng) sau mt thi gian.
Hiu ng Bullwhip
Nguyn nhn
Gii Php
Cc nguyn nhn chnh gy ra hiu ng Cch thc cp nht d bo nhu cu; Dung
lng n hng theo quy m (order batching); S bin ng v gi c (price
fluctuation); Tr chi to s hn ch v thiu ht (rationing and
shortage gaming).
Cc gii php Gim thiu thi gian trong chu k tip nhn thng tin
a ra d on v nhu cu thc t; Nghin cu hiu c nhu cu sn phm thc s tng
mt xch chui cung ng; Tng tn sut va cht lng ca s hp tc thng qua cc
nhu cu chia s thng tin; Loi b bt cc u i cho khch hng; Duy tri n nh
gia cho sn phm; Nhn din r nguyn nhn ca vic gim hoc hy b n hng khng
a ra nhng quyt nh sai lm.
MH postponement nh ngha: Mt chin lc postponement nhm
mc ch tr hon mt s hot ng chui cung ng cho n khi nhu cu ca khch
hng c tit l duy tr chi ph thp ton h thng v phn hi nhanh.
Bn chin lc chnh ca MH Postponement:Purchasing postponement ( hon
mua); 2. Manufacturing postponement ( hon sn xut); 3. Logistics
postponement; 4. Time postponement ( hon thi gian).1.
MH Cross docking Khi nim: Cross docking cp n vic vn chuyn
hng ho t mt nh my sn xut v giao n trc tip cho khch hng vi it hay
gn nh khng c cng on chuyn ch nguyn liu trong giai on trung
gian.
MH Cross dockingphn loi Cc phng php Li ch
phn loiCross docking bao gm 2 loi c bn: Cross docking n gin.
Cross docking chuyn qua ngay.
Cc phng php Cross docking trong sn xut. Cross docking trong phn
phi. Cross docking gom hng.
Li ch ca MH Cross-docking Cross-docking gip gia tng tc di chuyn
hng ha
t nh cung cp n ca hng; Gim ng k mt s chi ph; Gim lng tn kho hng
thnh phm ( tn kho an ton); Gim h hi hng ho trong qu trnh khai thc
kho; Ti a ho cng sut nhn hng v xut hng.
Mi quan h gia chin lt kinh doanh & chui cung ng Mi lin hCc t
tnh ca chui cung ng M hnh tng thch gia chui cung ng v chin lt kinh
doanh
Mi lin h
Theo GS Larry Lapide : m hnh hot ng chui cung ng khng ch h tr
chin lc kinh doanh m cn l mt phn quan trng gip tng cng chin lc
Cc t tnh ca chui cung ngLinh hot Nhanh nhn Sc so
M hnh tng thch chin lt kinh doanh v chui cung ng
Khc bit
Tp trung vo chin lt
Chin lt
Chi ph thp
Tp trung vo dch v
Chin ltTp trung vo chin lt
Thng hiu v cng ngh c o
Khc bit
Sn phm c o v mi l vi th trng
Sn phm nhanh chng c a ra th trng
Chin ltNhng ngnh ang ph thng ha
Hiu nng v hiu sut
Chi ph thp
Gi thp nht trong nghnh
Hnh thnh chui cung ng vi chi ph thp
Chin ltBn l qua mng, oto. FMCG
Dch v tuyt ho
Tp trung vo dch v
C phn khc th trng c th
Thit k t khnh hng phc v khch hng
Chin ltOto, thc phm ung v dc phm
Sn phm an ton tin cy nht
Tp trung vo chin lt
Sn phm m bn c th tin tng
Quy trnh cung ng v sn xut t cht lng cao
Theo quan im chin lc ca Jack Welch, ch c 2 loi doanh nghip :
doanh nghip bn hng ha ph thng (cnh tranh da trn chi ph) doanh nghip
bn hng ha dch v c s i mi sng to cao (cnh tranh da trn s khc bit)ng
ngha vi vic chin lc chui cung ng cng s c chia thnh 2 nhm : chui
cung ng hiu nng chui cung ng c kh nng p ng nhanh.
Theo quan ca GS.Marshall Fisher sau hn 10 nm nghin cu chui cung
ng,ng cho rng:chui cung ng t thn n nh hng theo nhu cu.Theo ng ,sn
phm c th chia lm 2 nhm: nhm sn phm chc nng(primarily functional
products) nhm sn phm i mi(primarily innovative products).
La chn chui cung ng ph hp vi tnh hnh hin nay
S lt v tnh hnh th gii v Vit Nam
Th gii
Trong Nc
Tnh hnh th gii N cng ca m v chu u ngy cng c nhng din
bin phc tp H thng ti chnh th gii ang c nhng thay i T l tht nghip
ngy cng tng, cc chng trnh phc li x hi b hn ch. Nhng bt n chnh tr
chu phi v trung ng Mi trng cng ang t ra nhiu vn cho cng ng Lm pht
ngy cng cao
Tnh hnh Vit Nam Tc lm pht cao th 2 (20,82%) trn th gii sau
Venezuela. Tc tng trng kinh t ng th 16 trn th gii u t nc ngoi
gim so vi cng k Cc doanh nghip va v nh gp nhiu kh khn nhiu doanh
nghip ng bn b vc ph sn Mt bng li sut cn cao, th trng ngoi hi v th
trng vng c nhiu bin ng
Chng ta ang sng trong mi trng AUCV A = Ambiguity(Tnh trng m h) U
= Uncertainty(Khng chc chn)
C = Complexity( S phc tp). V = Volatility(Bin ng nhanh)
Gii php cho tnh trng bin ng nhanh c gng thu thp thng tin lin qua
cng nhiu cng
tt. Truyn t thng tin r rng, n gin trnh hiu nhm. iu ny gip ton b
nhn vin hiu r thng tin cn truyn t. m bo mi quyt nh v k hoch ca
doanh nghip u c mi ngi hiu r v nhanh nht c th.
Gii php cho tnh hung bt nh lm mi li tm nhn v t duy ca mnh.. lun
linh hot.
Xy dng chui cung ng t cng, c kh nng n
hi, di chuyn linh hot.
Gii php cho tnh hung phc tp Lm r tnh hung phn bit r u l yu t c
nh
hng nht. Pht huy s cng tc nhm bn trong v bn ngoi doanh nghip. Tn
dng nhn ti trong nhng tnh hung phc tp
Gii php cho tnh trng m h Lng nghe mt cch thng thi hn. T duy nhiu
chiu.
i tng bc nh.
Tnh hnh chui cung ng Vit NamHn ch
Gii php
Chin lt
Hn ch Cha hiu r v chui cung ng v qun tr chui cung
ng nh gi mt cch cm tnh v hiu qu hot ng ca chui cung ng, ca hot
ng phn phi, ca logistics m thiu mt h thng o lng c th v ton din
Doanh nghip thc t thng ch trng n i mi sn phm hn l quy trnh. nh cc
vi ri ro : t quan tm n an ninh v an ton sn phm Ch t duy sn phm thay
v t duy sn phm v dch v
Gii php D bo v lp k hoch chui cung ng kp thi,
chnh xc theo m hnh thch hp l nn tng tin n vic qun tr chui cung
ng chuyn nghip. ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong vic qun l chui cung
ng s gip DN trao i thng tin hiu qu vi i tc v khch hng. Kim sot ri
ro ca chui cung ng
Chin lt C hai cch hu hiu gii quyt bn cht ca ri ro: rt ngn chui
cung ng gim thi gian quay vng
v ngn chn nguy c t gy chui cung cng ti u ha danh mc cc ngun v v
tr chui cung ng c c tnh linh hot thng qua s a dng ha. C th:
Chin lt xy dng mt tp hp cc d n chui cung ng h
tr doanh nghip theo cc cch khc nhau. Ni cch khc, bn ang tm cch
gim thiu kh nng xy ra hiu ng -mi-n, trong trc trc mt im ca chui
cung ng c th gy nguy him cho cc im khc chn mt chin lc ti u t mt s
chin lc hiu qu, bng cch th nghim cc kt hp khc nhau ca ri ro v li
ch. M hnh ha danh mc ngun v v tr cung ng
Chin thut Qun l lng cu Qun l cung ng
Cng c hu cn S hp nht chui cung ng thay i quan im
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