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rEm l¾uia:dkuHkaud¾ foaYfhys ^nqreufhys& fpd,úhka k.rfhys

Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s

w;smQcH W! wdÑKK ^Md-T!la ihdfvda&

iajdóka jykafia úiska

nqreu niska rpkd lrk ,o

ksnndK .dñkS mámod kï Ndjkd .%ka:fha isxy, mßj;_kh

mßj;_kh weka' tÉ' fmf¾rd uhd'

fidaÿ m;a ne,Su'w;s.re mQckSh kdWhfka wßh Oïu uyd iajdóka jykafia'

mQckSh odiaj;af;a iqukiS, iajdóka jykafia

mQckSh iS,.u {dKiS, iajdñka jykafia'

iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk

O¾uodkhla jYfhka fkdñf,a fnodyeÍu msKsihs'

mß.Kl wl=re ieliqu (mskaj;a ux.,sld weUq,afoKsh uy;añh'

msgljrh (mskaj;a §md,a ;=is; uy;d

uqøKh (

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iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk

ye|skaùu

—kfud ;iai N.jf;d wryf;d iuud iïnqoaOiai˜

ðkidikx Ñrx ;sgG;= !nqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a W;=ï wkqYdikd iys; Ydikh

Ñrd;a ld,hla mj;Sjd!

Md-T!la wdrKHfha Ndjkd jevq fndfyda fhda.djpr msßif.a

wdrdOkdjg wkqj fuu ksíndK .dñkS mámod kï jq .%ka:h

iïmdokh lrkakg fhÿks' fuu wdrKHfha Ndjkd jvk

fhda.djjrhkag lgmdvï fldg ukisldrhg kexúfïÈ fuh

m%fhdackj;a fõh hk n,dfmdfrd;a;=j we;sj wod< O¾u .%ka:

fldgia fufia ms~qfldg ,Sfjñ' fndfyda fia ixCIsma; lrk ,o

ksid fkdf;afrk ;rug m;aúh yelsh' fmd;aj, i|yka mdG

WOD; lrñka ksielju ms<s.; yels f,ig ±k.ekSug wjYH nj

wdrdOkdfjys ,d i|yka jq ksid úia;r wju fldg ,shdoSug isÿúh'

fï rpkfhys ,d my; i|yka fldgia ih wvx.=h'

1) iu: lïuÜGdk fldgi

2) rEm lïuÜGdk fldgi

3) kdu lïuÜGdk fldgi

4) máÉp iuqmamdo lïuÜGdk fldgi

5) ,laLKd§ fldgia i;r

6) úmiaikd fldgi

fï wdldrfhka fldgia yhla fldg úia;r lr we;' tkï

fmd;a ldKav yhls¡ fuys m%:u ldKavfha wdkdmdk l¾uia:dkh"

málal=, ukisldrh" wiaÓl l¾uia:dkh" ód; lisKh" ffu;%s

l¾uia:dkh" nqoaOdkqiauD;s l¾uia:dkh" wY+N l¾uia:dkh"

urKdKqiauD;s l¾uia:dkh hk fïjd wvx.=h' fuu ish¨

lugyka fuu iu: lïuÜGdk iy rEm l¾uia:dk fldgfiys ,d

ix.%yfldg we;'

ishü i;amqreIhkayg ;u ;ukaf.a wNsu;hkag wkqj

Ndjkd jeãug fuh fya;= fõjd!

Md-T!la wdrKHfha

Ñ;a;, mín;fha ihdfvda

nq'j'2549$ls%'j' 1996 ckjdß 20

The Venerable Sayadaw U Acinna of

Pha-Auk Cittala-Pabbata Forest Monastery"

Mudon"Mawlamyine"Myanmar'

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iu: Ndjkdj iïnqÿ iiqfkys uOH l,HdK;djhs' YS,h kï jq

wdÈ l,HdK;dfjys msysgd isg uOH l,HdK jq iu:h jvd

mrsfhdaidk l,HdK jq m%{dj iïmq¾K l< hq;= fõ'

wkqms<sfj<ska" YS,-iudê- m%{d ixLHd; ;%súO l,HdK il,

Ydikh iïmq¾K lrk .sys-meúÈ fn!oaOfhda fn!oafOda;amdo

ld,fhka-ukqIHd;auNdjfhka fkdisia jq ksism, fk,d .ekSug

iu;a fj;s'

wE; w;S;fhays Ys% ,xldoaúmfhys Ndú;d jq Yu:-úo¾Ykd Ndjkd

l%u úY=oaê ud¾.h jeks .%ka:j, i|yka ù we;;a" m%dfhda.sl

jYfhka tys fh§ w;a±lsï ,;a lu_ia:dkdpd¾hhka jykafia,d

iq,Nj fkdue;s nj fkdryils'

nqreu rg fMrdjß ckmofhys ysx;dzg kï Wm k.rfhys" f,-

fp!x .ï mshfiys cks;j <ud jhfiys iiqka.;j fh-Ô ksldfhys

.re Wmiïmod ,dNSj Oïudpßh úNd.h iu;a ù /ka.=ka kqjr

m¾hdma;s ;laIs,dfjys bx.%sis NdId iys; m¾hdma;s O¾uh iïmq¾K

f,i mia jirla ;siafia yodrd blaì;sj úis jirla muK uq¿,aaf,a

lD;-yia; úYdro wdpd¾hhka jykafia,d fj; kej;S Yu:-

úoY_kdfjys mrf;rgu m%.=K fldg.;a w;smqcH wdÑKK

fihdfvda fyj;a Md-T!la fihdfvda kdysñmdKka jykafia wo

ft;sydisl úY=oaê ud¾.fhys tk Ndjkd l%uh w;súYsIag f,i ish-

oyia .Kka-meúÈ fhda.Skayg mqyqKq lrñka jev isák fial'

W;alDIag f,i YsCId .re;ajfhys msysá wdo¾Yj;a ta udysñfhda Èjd

rd;%s wm%udoj YdikdNsjDoaêfhys fhÈ isák fiala ðú;

mß;Hd.fhks'

nqreu rg fud,ñhka Ndjkd uOHia:dkfhaÈ wdpd¾h mqyqKqjla

jYfhka 2010 ckjdß ui 1 fjksod isg udi yhl ld,hla rgj,a

16l iyNd.s;ajfhka meje;ajq úfYaI Ndjkd mqyqKqjg Ys%

,xldoaúmfhka wm iu. iajdñkajykafia,d 15 kula iyNd.sjq

w;r tu wjia:dfõ ksl=;a lrk ,o O¾u .%ka: ;=k w;=ßka —Yu: yd

rEm l¾uia:dk˜ isxy, niska t<s±laúu fuu .%ka:fhka isÿfjhs'

w;smqckSh uyd l¾uia:dkdpd¾h wdÑKK fihdfvda udysñhka

jykafia Ys% ,xldj .ek olajkqfha wiSñ; f.!rjhls' fuu iu:

úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.h il, fn!oaO f,dalhg fnod yeßug iqÿiq

tlu fn!oaO rg Ys% ,xldoaúmh hhs wjOdrKfhka mjik fiala

lD;{;d mq¾jl f.!rjfhks'

tfia fyhska fuu Ndjkd ud¾.h Ys% ,xld oaúmjdiSka yg mqyqKq

lrjkq msKsi;a iajlSh mYaÑu ld,h úfõlsj .; lrkq msKsi;a Ys%

,xldjg h:d ld,fhaÈ jevu lrúug wfmaCId lrk mqckSh

wdÑKKdNsOdk Md-T!la fihdfvda udysñhka jykafiag ksÿla-

ksfrda.S iqjfhka Y;j¾Idêl ld,hla È>_dhq Y%S w;afõjd'

nqreu rg fuda,ñhka Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; Ndjkd

uOHia:dkfha mqyqKq fjñka fï Ndjkd ud¾.h uqÿkgu imqrd.;a

.sys-meúÈ ish-oyia .Kka fhda.Ska we;a;d fiau Ys% ,xldfõo fï

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Ndjkd ud¾.fhka m%;sM, fk,d.ekSug isxy, fn!oaO .sys-meúÈ

ieug wjia:dj ie,fiajd!

fuu iu: yd rEm l¾uia:dk ldKavh isxy,g kexjq ieug;a"

wkq.%dy l< ieug;a wdhqrdfrda.HdÈ Ys% iïm;a w;afõjdæ fï fmd;

lshjk ieug bkaøSh O¾u" n, O¾u jeã Ndjkd ud¾.fha m%;sM,

fk,df.k wê.u,dNs úfï Yla;sh-n,h-jdikdj f;rejka

irKska Wodm;a fõjd!

—Ñrx ;sgG;= ioaOfuud!˜

fuhg fu;e;s"

kdWhfka wßhOïu i:úr

.=KjO_k fhda.dY%u uOHia:dkh

.,aÿj" lyj'

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uydl,am wiLH .Kklska wm fj; ,efnk w;s W;=ï iïud

iïnqoaO idikh w;sYhskau b;du;au ÿ¾,Nh' tu ÿ¾,N;ajh ikd:

lrñka ksh; újrK ,nd.;a uy fndai;dKka jykafia,d m%×j wêl kï

idrdixLH l,am ,CIhla nqoaO ldrl O¾uhka oimdrñ O¾uhka& iïmq¾K

lrñkao" ioaOdj wêl fndai;dKka jykafia,d wgdixLH l,am ,CIhla

nqoaO ldrl O¾uhka ôimdrñ O¾uhka& iïmq¾K lrñkao" ùßh wêl

fndai;dKka jykafia,d fid<id ixLH l,am ,CIhla oi mdrñ O¾uhka

iïmq¾K lrñkao" oi oyila foú nUqkaf.a wdrdOkfhka fuu u`.=,a

ilaj, bmÈ lïiem w;yer wNsKsIal%uKh fldg oUÈj nqoa.hd Y=oaO

N=ñfhaÈ imßjdr udr mrdch fldg i;r ud¾. ×kdÈ ij_×;d ×Kh

mßjdr fldg we;s ixL;" wixL;" ishü O¾uhkaf.a m%;sfõOfhka

f,dõ;=rd nqÿnjg m;a úfuka fuu W;=ï nqoafoda;amdoh my< úh' fuu

idikh ;=,ska f,dj ck;djg my< jq ksjka ud¾.h iS," iduê" m%{dhk

;s%úO YsCIdjhs' ueÿï ms<sfj;hs' wd¾H wIaGdx.sl ud¾.hhs' fuu f.!;u

nqoaO idikh nqoaO mßks¾jdKfhka miqj wjqreÿ 5000la l,a mj;Sjd lshk

wêIaGdkfhka mej;=k;a úáka úg wkH wd.ñlhka f.ka ndysr n,meï

ksid;a hï hï wjia:dj,È Ydiksl ms<sfj;a u. msßys .sh nj idik

b;sydifhys i|yka fjhs' ta jdf.au mqKHjka; ×Kjka;hkaf.a my< ùu

ksid idikh nen,Sug o fya;=fõ'

wm ,xldfõ w;S;fhys idikh nen¿Kq hq.hl ^le,Ks hq.hg

wh;a ld,fhys& ,xldfjka nqreuhg meúÈ Wmiïmodj;a ;s%msgl O¾uh;a

iu: úmiaikd Ndjkd ud¾.h;a /f.k .sh nj b;sydifhys i|yka fjhs'

wo;a ta nqreu rg wdrKH fiakdikj, fuu m%;sm;a;sh mj;sk nj

fmfkhs' /ka.=ka k.rfhka ie;mqï 200 muK ÿßka msysá rduCoaCo

foaYhg we;=,;a jq fjd,ñhka k.r iómfhys Md-TDla Ñ;a;, mín;

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wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s m%Odk l¾uia:dkdjßh w;s.re mqckSh wdÑKaK

ishdfvd uyd ijdñka jykafia úiska ;u w;a ±lsï yd fm!rdKsl wgqjd

àld .%ka:hka weiqfrka iu: úmiaikd Ndjkdfõ by,gu hd yels Ndjkd

ud¾.hla ilid we;' Ys% ,xldfõka nqreuhg f.k .sh wdNdihu fuys,d

Wmldr jkakg we;ehs wmf.a úYajdihhs' tu Ndjkd ud¾.h ye±ßu i|yd

wm ,xldfjka nqreu rg fud,úhka k.rh iñmfhys msysá mdjqla

wdrKHhg jevu l< Y%s l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d m%Odk wkqYdil uyd

lïuÜGdkdpßh kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafia m%Odk ijdñka

jykafia,d lSm kula fuu Ndjkd ud¾.h ms<sn| meyeÈ,s wjfndaOhlska

wkqms<ssj<ska m%fhda.sl w;a±lsï we;sj ukdj m%.=K lr f.k ±kg ,laÈj

.sys meúÈ fndfyda fofkl=g fuu Ndjkd l%uh mqyqKqj ,nd § we;' tu

ud¾.h b;d fyd¢ka bÈßhg idik f.!rjfhka isÿlr,Sug wjYH

Wmfoia mdGud,d ilia lrñka úfYaI iqúfYaIs Ndjkd mqyqKqjla wdpd¾H

mqyqKqjla jYfhka 2010 ckjdß udifha m<uq fjksod isg cqks udih

wjika jk;=re rgj,a 16 hlska iuka ú; úfYaI Ndjkd mqyqKqjla nqreu

rg fud,ñhka ys m%Odk wdrKH Ndjkd uOHia:dkfhaÈ .sys meúÈ 1400 hg

;rï jeä msßia fuhg iyNd.s jQy' wm ,xldj fjkqfjka w;s.re mqckSh

kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafia we;=¿ ijdñka jykafia,d 15 kula

tu mqyqKqjg iyNd.sjqy' tu wjia:dfõ ksl=;a lrk ,o O¾u .%ka: ;=kla

bx.%sis niska ksl=;a úh' tu .%ka:hka isxy,g mßj¾;kh lrkakg w;s.re

mQckSh kdWhfka wßh Oïu ijdñka jykafiaf.ao wjir mßÈ mqcH ×K

isß iajdóka jykafiaf.a u. fmkaúfuka weka'tÉ' fmf¾rd uy;aud úiska

isxy, mßj¾;kh isÿ l< w;r uqøK lghq;= i|yd wkq.%dyh ,nd ÿkaa

.d,af,a mdrñ Oïud is,auEKsfhda" .kaf.dvú, mshkkaod is,auEKsfhda"

ud;f,a Wmkkaod is,auEKsfhda" i|iS,s we,afyk fufkúh"

ir;a m%kdkaÿ uhd" jika;s m%kdkaÿ ñh hk whf.a Wmldrfhka uqøK

lghq;= isÿ lrk ,È' uqøKh lr ÿka ieug;a fuu fmd; mßyrKh lrK

ish¨ fokd we;=¨ wkqidikd l< ishü ijdñka jykafia,dg;a Ok

mß;Hd. l< ieu fokdg;a" fuf,dj mrf,dj ÈhqKqj msKsi m%×

wdf,dalh msKsi Wmldr fõjd" iudê wdf,dalfhka" úo¾YK

wdf,dalfhka iudê ×K" NdjKd ×K" úmiaikd ×K" my< fõjd'

fof,dj ÈhqKqj we;sfõjd' m;k fndaê ×dKhlska W;=ï jq ksjka

wjfndaOh msKsi Wmldr fõjd'

fuhg"

iiqka ,eÈ"

odiaj;af;a iqukiS, ia:úr

úmiaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkh

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oafõudks NslaLfõ odkdks' wdñi odkxp" Oïu odkxp" t;o.a.x NslaLfõ bfïix oaúkakx odkdkx

hÈox Oïu odkx'

uyfKks odkh fldgia folls' wdñi odkh yd O¾u odkh jYfhka' fï w;ßka O¾u odkh W;=ïh" w.a.%h' fuu W;=ï nqÿ nK mohg wkqj wm ,enQ O¾u odkuh mqKH ,dNfhka fudAokhg m;a fjñka fufia mQfcdamdydr olajñ'

iïnqoaO Ydikfha Ñrl,a meje;au r|d mj;skqfha l,HdK ñ;%hka jykafia,df.a wm%;sy; ffO¾h;a" lemùu;a ksidh' Wkajykafia,df.a mru hq;=lu jkqfha Y%oaOdjka; fndÿkqjka ksjka uÕg fhduq lsÍuhs' tu hq;=lu f.!rjfhka bgqlrñka ñhkaud¾ rg mdwjqla ihdfvda udysñmdKka jykafia úiska rÑ; w.kd O¾u mqia;lh isxy, nig mßj¾;kh lrjñka ixialrK lghq;= yd fidaÿm;a ne,Sï wdÈh ksjerÈj l< fmd,a.ia´úg mdwjqla úmiaikd Ndjkd uOHia:dkfha lïuÜGdkdpd¾h odiaj;af;a iqukiS,S iajdóka jykafiag yd .re mQckSh iS,.u {dKisß iajdóka jykafiag fuu O¾u odkuh l=i, n,fhka fukau r;ak;%h i;= wiSñ; iqúis uyd .=K n,fhka úxY;a Y; j¾Ihl ld,hla ksÿla ksfrda.S §¾>dhqI ,en O¾u {dK" Ndjkd {dK" uqÿka m;aj ;j ;j;a in%yaupdÍka jykafia,dg Ndjkd lugyka foñka ksjka uÕg fhduq lrjñka Wkajykafiago m%d¾:kSh fndaêhlska ks¾jdK Od;=j iqj fia wjfndaOùu msKsiu fya;= jdikd fõjd'

nqreu niska fuys uq,a .%ka:h iïmdokh l< nqreu rg Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKHfiakdihm;s w;s mQckSh md wjqla ihdfvda udysñmdKka jykafiago fï mqkH n,h kSfrda.Sj §¾>dhqI j,od w;s W;=ï nqÿ nj ,nd .ekSug fya;= jdikd fõjd'æ

fuu O¾uodkuh l=i,h wmj;a ù jod< w;s.re mQckSh rdclSh mKaä; ud;r isß {dKdrdudNsOdk ufydaoamdOH ud ysñmdkka jykafiag;a wmj;a ù jod< › l,HdK fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ iuQ;amdol mQcHmdo rdclSh mKaä; lvjeoa¥fõ ðkjxYdNsOdk wiuodpd¾H ud ysñmdKka jykafiag;a W;=ï nqÿ nj msKsi fya;= fõjdæ

j¾;udk iïnqoaO Ydikfha uqÿka u,alvjkaj jev jik iïnqoaO Ydikhg;a foia úfoia rg j, fn!oaO msxj;=kag;a wñ, fiajdjka isÿ lrk › l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ m%Odk wkqYdil

w.a. uyd mKaä; lïuÜGdkdpd¾h ;s%msgl jd.sIajr Ydik Oc w;s.re mQckSh kd WhfkA wßhOïu udysñmdKka jykafiag r;ak;%fha i;= wiSñ; uydkqNdj n,fhka ish¨ foúhkaf.a foaj wdYs¾jdofhka il, wka;rdjka ÿrej úxY;a Y; j¾Idêl ld,hla iqj fia jev jiñka mdró oï imqrd f.k f,dõ ;=rd iïud iïnqoaO;ajh msKsiu fya;= fõjd'

kd Whk wdrkH fiakdifha Ôjh n÷ jQ foia úfoia .sys meúÈ ieuf.a Ydiksl lghq;= i|yd ksrka;rfhka lemj ksy~ju W;=ï fiajdjla isÿ lrk kd Whk wdrKHjdiS w;s.re mQckSh wÕ=,a.uqfõ wßh kkao iajdñmdfoda;a;uhka jykafiago fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h ksfrda.S iqj §¾>dhqI msKsi;a" m%d¾:kSh fndaêhlska ksjka ,eîu msKsi;a fyA;= WmksY%h fõjdæ

j¾;udkfha kd Whk wrkH fiakdikfha iy OïñldY%ufha .sys fhda.Skag Ndjkd lugyka iy O¾u odkh ,nd fok w;s.re mQckSh wdkkao iajdóka jykafiago ksfrda.S iqjh §¾>dhqI msKsi;a wjidkfha W;=ï jQ p;=rd¾h i;H wjfndaOh msKsi;a fuu mqkH l¾uh fya;= fõjd

l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ ishü wdrKH fiakdik j, jev isák iqfmaY, YslaIdldó nqoaO mq;%hka jykafia,d we;=¿ f,daljdiS ishü uyd ix>r;akhg;a msxj;a ishü oi is,a ud;djkago fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h ksfrda.S iqj ,en ksjkska iekiSug fya;= fõjd'

fuu oyï fmd; Tn w;g m;a lsÍug iyfhda.h ,nd ÿka iqmsxj;a .xf.dvú, mshkkaod ud;dj" E.M.H. i|iS,s we,afyakf.a fufkúho ir;a m%kdkaÿ hk uy;au uy;aóka we;=¿ msxj;a ieug jy jyd ksjkska iekiSu ,efíjd'

Tn wm kñka ñh mrf,dj .sh ishü {d;Skag o fuu mqkH lghq;af;A wdrïNl fudfydf;a mgka Tn w;g fuu oyï fmd; mßYS,kh lrk msxj;a Tng;a ish¿ foúhkag;a mß.Kl lghq;=" uqøK lghq;= isÿ l< ish¿u fokdg;a il, f,dal ish¨ i;ajhkag;a fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h W;=ï jQ ksjkska iekiSu msKsiu fya;= fõjdæ

f;rejka irKhs' fuhgYdik,eosmsxj;a .d,af,a mdró Oïudoi is,a ud;dj'

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máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh 20

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wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd l%uh 45

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wÜGsl ^wegiels<s& Ndjkdj 64

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wrEm OHdk i;r 76

fu;a;d ^ffu;%S& Ndjkdj 82

lreKd Ndjkdj 94

uqÈ;d Ndjkdj 95

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rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï ms<sfj< 112

rEm lïuÜGdk ms<sn| ffioaOdka;sl meyeos,s lsrSu 143

YS% l,HdKs fhda.dY%u ixia:d wkqYdil OqrkaOr" uyd lïuÜGdkdpd¾h" ;s%msgldpd¾h"w;s mQckSh kd Whfka wßh Oïu

iajdóka jykafia

uHkaud¾ foaYfhys ^nqreufhys& fpd,úhka k.rfhys

Md-T!la Ñ;a;, mín; wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s

w;smQcH W! wdÑKK ^Md-T!la ihdfvda&

iajdóka jykafia

01 02

kfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iïudiïnqoaOiai

ye|skaùu

md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSfï l%uh

úY=oaêud¾. wgqjdfõ i|yka Ndjkd meyeos,s lsrSu mokï fldg

mj;S' tneúka fuu l%uh ixlS¾K jQ woshr lSmhlska iukaú; fõ'

fï woshrhka" wNsO¾ufha ix.%y fldg we;s j¾.SlrKhka wkqj jQ

kdu rEm foj¾.fhau iúia;r úYaf,aIKhlskao" w;S;" j¾;udk"

wkd.; ld,hkays mefkk" wdldrhg máÉpiuqmamdo l%shdj,sh

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi ta CÞKh ;j ÿrg;a Ndú;hg .ekSulskao

iukaú;h'

tfyhska úY=oaêud¾.h yd wNsO¾uh ms<sn| mrsphla

fkdue;shjqkg md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSï

wjfndaO lr .ekSu;a ta ms<sn| meyeos,s Ñ;%hla ilid .ekSu;a

.eg,qldrS jkq we;' nqreu ni l:d lsrSug wfmdfydi;a

úfoaYslhkg th jvd;a ÿIalr fõ'

md wjqla fgdahd wdrKHfha ;u Ndjkd lghq;= iuDoaêu;a

lr .ksñka bosrshg hk id¾:l fhda.sfhl=f.a m%.;s udj; ir,

WodyrKhla jYfhka f.k yer mdñka fï .eg,q ksrdlrKh lr

.ekSug Woõ jk wdldrhg fï ye|skaùu ,shk ,os' Ndjkd m%.=K

lrkakjqka Wfoid jQ ksYaÑ; WmfoaY iys; fï lD;sfha jvd;a

iúia;r mrsÉfPao ;rula fyd|ska jgyd .ekSug fuh WmldrS jkq

we;ehs wms wfmaCId lruq

fuu lD; sh md wj ql a ihdfvd a f;rekaf. a

ud¾f.damfoaYl;ajh hgf;a fuu ia:dkfha Ndjkd jevigykl

i;H jYfhkau kshe,S isákakjqkaf.a m%fhdackh i|yd jk nj uq,

oS u wjOdrKh l< hq;= fõ'

iudêh jeãu

md wjqlaa fgdahdys fhda.djprhd idudkHfhka p;=Od;=

Ndjkdj fyda wdkdmdki;sh hk Ndjkd oajfhka tlla jvñka

wrUhs' fï folska ljrla fyda iudêh j¾Okh lr .ekSu msKsi

Ndú; l< yel' wk;=rej th kdu rEm foflys iajNdjh;a mqk¾Nj

ixjÜgj, ta fol cks; lrùfï yd mej;Sfï fya;= ldrl

in|;dj;a .fõIKh lsrSug Ndú; l< yel'

fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdfjka wdrïN lrkafka

kï fya kdisldj ;=<ska we;=¿ jk yd bka msg jk yqiau ms<sn|

wjOdkh fhduq lrñka wrUhs' wdrïNfha oS fhda.djprhd yqiau

kdih ;=<g we;=¿ j;au th oefkkafka flfia oehs iam¾Yh ms<sn|

ixfõoS;dfjka hq;=j yqÿ wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' fï wdldrhg yqiau

ms<sn| isysh wLKav j j¾Okh lr .ksñka iudêh oshqKq lr

.kakd w;r" Tyqf.a uqyqKg wNsuqLj r|k l=vd wdf,dalhla f,i

;;ajQ mrsos yqiau oefkkakg mgka .kS' fï wdf,dalh Yafõ; j¾Kj

jefvk ;=re;a" bka wk;=rej oSma;su;a ;drldjla fuka

m%Ndiïmkak jk ;=re yd meyeos,s jk ;=re;a iudêh jeãu

lrf.k hkafkah' bkamiq —ksñ;a;˜ fyj;a iudê ix×dj hehs

lshkq ,nk fï wdf,dalh ms<sn|j i;sfhka hqla; j;au" Tyqf.a is;

bnd.df;a fkdf.dia wjidkfha fï ksñ;a; flfrysu is; fhduq

lrñka ksi,j isàug ;rï ÿrg jQ ksYap, iudêhlg wj;S¾K

ùug iu;a fõ'

fhda.djprhdf.a is; mehlg" follg fyda ;=klg fï

ksñ;a; u; iudê.; ùug iu;a jQ l,ays isf;a lsishï .=Kdx.

fldgila m%lg ùug mgka .kS' m%:ufhka m%lg jk .=Kdx. myla

fõ' isf;a uQ,sl fhoùu ^ú;lal&" isf;a fkdfi,afjk Ndú;h

^úpdr&" m%S;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk fïjdh' tu wx. my m%udKj;a

uÜgulg j¾Okh jQ l,ays" iudêfha fï oshqKq wjia:dj —m%:u

OHdkh˜ hs y|qkajkq ,efí'

03 04

fhda.djprhd fï m%:u OHdkh ,nd f.k" ;uka leue;af;a

kï kdu yd rEm fol;a tajd ;kk fya;= ldrl in|;d;a wjfndaO

lr .ekSfï úúO wjia:d mdod .ekSug wj;S¾K fjhs' fuh

úo¾Ykd Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSfï ux i,ihss' tfy;a uq, oS iudêh by<

uÜgulg oshqKq lsrSu jvd WÑ; h' tu.ska miqj fhda.djprhd

úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi ish uki fhduq lrjk úg Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd

m%.=K lsrSïj, oS iudê m%fõYh Bg iydh jk w;r" kdu-rEm"

fya;=-M, iïu¾Ykh lsrSu jvd;a myiq lrñka OHdk iudê

mokñka yg.;a úo¾Ykd wdf,dalfha Yla;sfhka jvd;a oSma;su;a

yd meyeos,s úo¾Ykd ×Khla cks; lrhs'

WodyrKhla jYfhka fuh" wkaOldrfha lsishï jia;=jla

oelSu msKsi úÿ,sh mkaoula mdúÉú lsrSulg iudk l< yel' boska

úÿ,sh mkaofï negrs ÿ¾j, kï Tnf.a negrs udre lrk f;la iq¿

fú,djlg muKla jia;=j ÿn,j oelsh yel' boska negrsh m%n, yd

w¿;a kï Tnf.a negrs B <Õg& udre lrk f;la" os.= ld,hla Tng

tu jia;=j jvd;a meyeos,s j;a" iúia;r j;a oelsh yel' tf,i"

fhda.djprhdf.a iudêho ish uki úo¾Ykdjg yerùug m%:u hï

muKlg Wiia yd ksii, kï" tmuKg ;u iudêh w¿;a lr

.ekSu msKsi uq,a wdrïuKhg wdmiq tk f;la wruqKq jvd;a

meyeos,s f,i oelSug;a os.= fõ,djla úo¾Ykdj jeãug;a iu;a

fjhs' fï fya;=j ksid" úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjg wj;S¾K ùug fmr

iudê jeãu lrf.k hdu;a tys ukd ia:djr;ajhla we;s lr

.ekSu;a kqjKg yqre h'

fï wkqj md wjqlaa fgdahdys fhda.djprhdf.a iqmqreÿ m%.=K

lsrSï udj; jkafka wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a w¾mKd

iudêh jeãfuys ksr; ùuh' wk;=rej fya oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=FMd

OHdkhkays oshqKqj msKsi jv jvd mqyqKq jkafkah' ^jeãï ud¾.h

fuu lD;sfhys miqj úia;r flf¾&'

wdkdmdki;sh fhdod .ksñka p;=F: OHdkh jevQ

fhda.djprhd uki úfYaIfhka oSma;su;a nj;a wdf,dalh úysÿ jk

nj;a olshss' wk;=re j Tyq fuu wdf,dalh Wmfhda.S fldg .ksñka

YrSrfha fo;sia fldgila meyeos,s j oelSug;a tu fldgia 32 mokï

fldg .;a iudêh j¾Okh lr .ekSug;a iu;a fõ'

Tyq fuh m<uqj wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F:

OHdkhg iu jeoS bka ke.sg isÿ lrk w;r ish ysfia flia fj;

fhduq lrñka isÿ lrhs' p;=F: OHdkh mokï fldg .;a iudêfhka

oeka u;= jQ Ñ;a;fhka ksl=;a jQ wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka"

lkakdählska n,k wjia:djl fuka ysi u; we;s flia meyeos,sj

oelSug iu;a fõ' blaì;sj fya lfha we;s b;srs fldgia 31

l%udkql+,j tlska tl iïu¾Ykh lrñka ta wdldrhgu meyeos,sj

olshs' boska fï l%shdj,sfha oS wdf,dalh uo jkafka kï yd fldgia

meyeos,sj oelSug wiu;a jkafka kï wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg

.;a p;=F: OHdkhg h<s meñfKhs' tu iudêfhka ke.S isg lfha

fldgia 32 ne,Sug is; h<s fhduq lrhs’

isref¾ fldgia 32 kï (

ysi flia" f,dï" ksh" o;a" yu

uia" kyr" weg" weg ñÿ¨" jl=.vq"

yoj;" wlaudj" we<osj" o<Uqj" fmkye,a,"

w;==Kq" w;==Kq nyka" fkdosrE wdydr" u<" fud<h"

ms;" fiu" ierj" f,a" vyosh" fïo f;,a"

l`ÿ¿" jqreKq f;,a" fl<" fidgq" i| ñÿ¨" uq;%

Tyq wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkhg

m%úIaGj bka ke.S isg" bka cks; jQ wdf,dalh ;ud wdikakfha isák

mqoa.,fhl=f.a lfha fldgia 32 ne,Sug wdOdr msKsi fhdod .kS'

fuf,i wNHka;r jYfhka ;u lh ;=<;a" ndysr jYfhka ;j;a

;eke;af;l=f.a isrer ;=<;a fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a nj

,nd .kS' fldgia 32 wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg

h<s h<s;a ms<sfj,ska oelSug mqyqKq ùfuka fldgia 32 ms<sn| Tyqf.a

iudêh jefâ¦ Yla;su;a fõ' blaì;s Tyq ;ud wjg isák wfkla

ñksiqkaf.a yd ;srsikqkaf.a mjd YrSrj, fldgia 32 ne,Sug mgka .k’

05 06

fï wdldrhg wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka fldgia 32

ne,Sug fhda.djprhd iu;a jQ miq ;u iudêh ;j ÿrg;a oshqKq lr

.ekSu msKsi ud¾. ;=klska ljrla fyda wkq.ukh lrhs'

1' lfha ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj oshqKq lr .ekSu msKsi

fldgil ms<sl=,a iy.; Ndjh fhdod .; yel'

2' lisK Ndjkdj oshqKq lr .ekSu msKsi lfha fldgil j¾Kh

fhdÞ.; yel'

3' tla tla fldgil Od;= i;r ^mGú" wdfmda" f;afcdA" jdfhda&

úNd. lr iïu¾Ykh l< yels w;r p;=Od;= Ndjkdj jeäh

yel'

md wjqla fgdahdys fhda.djprhdg lfha fldgia 32 ka tlla

jQ wia:s ms<sn| Ndjkdj jeãug W.kajkq ,efí' ms<sl=,a nj mokï

fldg .;a m%:u OHdkh ,nkq msKsi wia:s ms<sn| ix{dj fhdod.;

yel' ke;fyd;a wia:sj, Yafú; j¾Kh lisK wdrïuKhla f,i

fhdod .; yel' tu.ska p;=F: OHdkh ,eîu msKsi ód; lisKh

oshqKq lr .; yel'

fhda.djprhd m<uqj h<s;a wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg.;a

p;=F: OHdkh jvñka wÜGsl Ndjkdj jeãu wrUhs' blaì;s ta

Ndjkdj yd neÈ wdf,dalh Yla;su;a yd oSma;su;a jQ l,ays wNHka;r

jYfhka lfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqf.a wjOdkh

fhduq lrhs' blaì;sj fya ndysr jYfhka wi< isák mqoa.,fhl=f.a

fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej fya wNHka;rfha we;s wia:s

mCoacrfha wia:s muKla fjka lr f.k iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;s ta

wia:s Tyqg meyeos,s jQ úg tajdys ms<sl=,a nj ksñ;a;la yeáhg .kS'

tu ix{dj jvhs' Tyq tajd —ms<sl=,a˜" —ms<sl=,a˜" —ms<sl=,a iy.;

wia:s˜” —ms<sl=,a iy.; wia:s˜" fyda —wia:s wia:s˜" hs ix× .kshs' fya

ta ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix{dj iu. uki mehla" folla fyda ;=kla

r|jd .ekSug yels jk ;rug ta ix{dj j¾Okh lr .kS'

wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkfha wdOdrh

fya;=fjka wia:s ms<sn| ms<sl=,a nj mdol fldg we;s m%:u OHdkh

,nd .ekSug Tyqg jeä l,la .; fkd fõ'

fufia lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ l,ays ndysr jYfhka wka

ñksiqkaf.a yd i;a;ajhskaf.a wia:sj, ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix{dj o ta

wdldrhgu jeãug yels fõ' fuys Tyq oCI jQ l,ays ´Þ; lisKh

jeãug hd yel'

´Þ; lisKh jeãu msKsi Tyq fmr oS fuka ndysr jYfhka

wia:sj, ms<sl=,a nj iïu¾Ykh lsrsug yels jk f;la iudêh

jvhs' bka miq fya ndysr wia:sj, jvd;a iqÿ fldgila - ;ud bosrsfha

isákafkl=f.a ysia lnf,a msgqmi jekakla - foi n,hs' Bg —iqÿ˜

—iqÿ˜ hs wjOdkh fhduq lrñka fya wjidkfha oS ms<sl=,a nj yd wia:s

ix{dj w;a yrshs' yqfola Yafõ; j¾Kh muKla wjOdkfhka hq;=j

n,hs' fuh j¾Kh& l=vd ljhla fia Tyqg osiajkq we;'

fï Yafõ; ljh ms<sn|j Ndjkd lsrSu fkd lvjd lroaoS th

jv jvd;a Yafõ; j¾K yd oSma;su;a fjhs' fï Yafõ; j¾K ksñ;a;

mokï fldg .;a m%:u" oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=F: OHdk ,nd .ekSug

th mdúÉÑ l< yel'

ód; lisKh fhdod .ksñka p;=F: OHdkhg meñKSug

yels fhda.djprhdg ta iudêh;a ta yd ne|s wdf,dalh;a p;=rdrlaIdj

^p;=rdrlaL& j¾Okh lr .ekSfï mokula yeáhg Ndú; l< yel'

tkï( ffu;%S Ndjkdj ^fu;a;d&" nqÿka jykafiaf.a .=K

^nqoaOdkqiai;s&" u< isref¾ ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj ^wiqN& yd

urKh ms<sn| isysh urKdkqiai;s& h' od; lisKh fhdod .ksñka

flfrk p;=F: OHdk Ndjkdfõ fõ. Yla;sh yd Wmldrh

fya;=fjka fï Ndjkd b;d myiqfjka yd blaukska bf.kSug;a

jeãug;a ;udg yels nj fhda.djprhdg jegfykq we;'

fï olajd wm úia;r l< fhda.djpr m%.=K lsrSï udj;" md

wjqlaa fgdahdys wdkdmdk i;sh oshqKq lr .ksñka wdrïN flfrk

fhda.djprfhl= úiska idudkHfhka wkq.ukh lrkq ,nk iudê

07 08

jeãu iukaú; lrhs'

p;=Od;= Ndjkdj mokï fldg.;a iudêh jeãfï úl,am ud¾.h

fï flá idrdxYfha uq, oS" fhda.djprhdg p;=Od;= Ndjkdj

jeãfuka Ndjkd& werôh yels neõ wms mejiqfjuq' Tyqf.a iudêh

p;=Od;= Ndjkdj Ndú;hg .ksñka wdrïN lrkafka kï Tyqf.a

m%.=K lsrSï ms<sfj; my; oelafjk wdldrhg h(

m<uqj Tyq" isrefrys Od;= i;frys tl tlla ,laIK 12

ne.ska jrlg tlla f,i iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W.kshs' ,laIK 12

kï(

;o nj" f.dfrdaiq nj yd nr nj ^mGú Od;=j&

uDÿ nj" isks÷ nj" ieye,a,q nj ^mGú Od;=j&

wef,k nj" je.sfrk nj ^wdfmda Od;=j&

WIaK" YS; ^f;afcda Od;=j&

wdOdr ùu" ;,a,q lsrSu ^jdfhda Od;=j&

blaì;s j" uq¿ isrer mqrd fï ,laIK iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

iu;a jQ úg uq,a ih ;o nj" f.dfrdaiq nj" nr nj" uDÿ nj" isks|q

nj yd ieye,a,q nj mGú Od;=j yeáhg;a" B <Õ fol je.sfrk yd

wef,k nj wdfmda Od;=j yeáhg;a" B <Õ fol WIaKh yd YS;

f;afcda Od;=j yeáhg;a" wjika fol wdOdr ùu yd ;,a,q lsrSu

jdfhda Od;=j yeáhg;a ksrSCIKh lrñka Ndjkd lrhs' fï whqrska

Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu j¾Okh lrhs' Tyq l=uk brshõjl

isáho Tyqf.a isrer yqfola mGú" wdfmda" f;afcdA yd jdfhda hk Od;=

i;r muKla neõ ksrSlaIKh lrhs'

Od;= i;r u; Tyq wLKavj Ndjkd lsrSu;a" iudêh jvd

.eUqrg jeãu;a lrk úg" Tyqf.a isrerska wdf,dalh ksl=;a jkq

oelsh yels hs' uq, oS fï wdf,dalh ÿu fuka w¿ mdgg yqre j fyda

ks,aiqÿ fyda úh yel' tfy;a ta wdf,dalh ;=< Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh

lsrSu wLKavj lr;au ish uq¿ isrer Yafú; j¾K neõ Tyqg fmkS

hhs' blaì;s j isref¾ Yafõ; j¾K wdldrhg Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh

lr;au Tyqqf.a uq¿ isrer whsia l=Üáhla fuka úYo - meyeos,s - njg

m;a fõ' fï wjia:dfõoS 'Wmpdr iudê' hhs y|qkajkq ,nk

;;a;ajhg oshqKq lrkq ,en we;'

fï wjia:dfõ oS fhda.djprhdg ;ud leue;af;a kï

úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi hd yel' ish iudêh ;j ÿrg;a j¾Okh lr

.ekSug wjYH jkq fyda úh yel' fuh Tyqf.a isref¾ úYo

iajrEmfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska l< yel' miqj wia:s

jeks fldgila Ndú; lrñka ms<sl=, mokï fldg .;a m%:u OHdkh

jeãu msKsi wia:s ix{dj Tyqg fhdod .; yel' ke;fyd;a wia:sj,

Yafõ; j¾Kh lisK ksñ;a; yeáhg Ndú; fldg ´Þ; lisKh

p;=F: OHdkh olajd jeäh yel'

´Þ; lisKh fhdod f.k p;=F: OHdkhg meñKsh yels

fhda.djprhdg ta iudêh iy ta yd ne|s wdf,dalh myiqfjka Ndú;

fldg zp;=rdrlaLZ' jeãug moku yeáhg .; yel'

fï wkqj fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh jeãu fyda p;=Od;=

Ndjkdj hk ljrla u.ska fyda wdrïN l< o uQ,sl Ndjkdj ;=<ska

,nd.;a iudêfha wdOdrh we;s j Tyqg wfkl=;a Ndjkd wruqKq

myiqfjka jeäh yel'

úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj

fuf,i fhda.djprhd ish iudêh jeãu iïmQ¾K l< miq

Tyqf.a is; úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj jeãug iqLkuH yd l¾uKH jQjla

fõ'

boska Tyq wdkdmdki;sh Ndú; fldg iudêh jvd we;af;a

kï by; úia;r l< mrsos h<s;a iudêh jvkafkah' fya

wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=F: OHdkhg iu joS' lfha

fldgia 32 wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka lSm úgla iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

blaìs;s j wia:sj, Yafõ; j¾Kh Ndú; lrñka ód; lisKh

mokï fldg.;a p;=F: OHdkhg wkqms<sfj,ska iu joS' blaì;s fya

09 10

lfha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi uki fhdojhs'

by;ska i|yka l< mrsos ;u lh Yafõ; j¾K f,i

oDYHudk jk f;la p;=Od;= mdol fldg .;a iudêh jvhs' blaì;s

j fya ;u uq¿ lh whsia l=Üáhla fuka úYo j msú;=re jk f;la

lfha Yafú; j¾K wdf,dalh ;=< p;=Od;= Ndjkdj fkd lvjd lr

f.k hhs'

wk;=rej fhda.djprhd ish lfha úYo rEmfha Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wdrïN lrhs' Tyq tfia lr;au th lh& laIqø wKq

fldgiaj,g ì|S hkq olshs' fï wdldrhg Ndjkd lroaoS wKq

fldgiaj,g fkd ìf|kafka kï túg Tyq lfha wdldY Od;=

iïu¾Ykh fj; ish wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' Tyq ifï isÿre fuka

uq¿ lh mqrd wjldY ;sfnkq olshs' fï wjldY iïu¾Ykh lr;au

úYo rEmh wKqj,g ì|S hhs' ula ksid o h;a wKq fldgia w;r

wjldY iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyq iu;a fyhsks'

rEm l,dm hhs y÷kajkq ,nk fuu wKq fldgia myiqfjka

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;ajQ l," uq,skau tajd laIKslj bmoS ì|S hkq

olshs' Tyq bmoS ì|S hk fïjd flfrys jeä wjOdkhla fhduq fkd

l< hq;=h' yqfola tla tla rEm l,dmhl mj;akd Od;= i;r muKla

ksrSlaIKh lrhss'

fï wKq fldgia m%Odk jYfhka úksúo fmfkk

ke;fyd;a m%ido yd wmeyeos,s hkqfjka foj¾.hla we;s neõ fya

olshs' úksúo fmfkk fkdfyd;a m%ido wKq fldgia kï m[ap

bkaøsh f.dapr wdf,dal" Yío" .kaO" ri" yd iam¾Y hk tajdg ixfõoS

jQ my h' tfyhska m%ido wKq fldgia j¾. myls' fuhska ldh

îam¾Y& ixfõoS Od;= uq¿ lh mqrd úisrS mj;skq olakg ,efnk w;r

wka ixfõoS Od;= wei" lK" kdih yd osj hk ta ta wod< ;ekaj,

muKla we;'

wk;=re j fhda.djprhd ;ks ;ks wKq fldgiaj, Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug mqyqKq lrkq ,efí' úúO wdldrfha wKq fldgia

j¾.SlrKfhys ,d Tyq ksmqK fõ' fufia wkqms<sfj,ska yd

l%udkql+,j mqyqKq j;au wjidkfha lfha;a lfhka msg;;a mefkk

úúO wdldrfha rEm 28 la y÷kd .ekSug Tyq iu;a fõ' ljr ljr

rEm l¾u" Ñ;a;" >D;= yd wdydr u.ska ksmojkafka oehs iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug Tyq mqyqKq lrkq ,efí'

fláfhka rEm 28 fufia h'

uQ,sl Od;=

1' mGú 2' wdfmda 3' f;afcda 4' jdfhda

m%Nj jQ Wmdod& rEm 24

1' wefia ixfõoS;dj ^plaLqmamido&" 2' lfKa ixfõoS;dj

^fida;mamido&" 3' kdifha ixfõoS;dj ^>dKmamido&" 4' osfõ

ixfõoS;dj ^csõydmamido&" 5' lfha ixfõoS;dj ^ldhmamido&" 6'

wdf,dalh ^jKaK&" 7' Yío 8' .kaO 9' ri îam¾Yh" mGú" f;afcda"

jdfhda hk uQ,sl Od;=j,ska ksmka nj i,lkak& 10' mqßiNdj" 11'

b;a:sNdj" 12' yoh j;a:q" 13' cSú; bJøsh" 14' cd" 15' wdldi 16' ldh

úCoaCo;a;s 17' jÖ úCoaCo;a;s 18' ,yq;d 19' uqÿ;d 20' lïuCoaCo;d 21'

Wmph 22' ika;;s 23' cr;d 24' wksÉp;d

fhda.djprhd rEm úYaf,aIKh lsrSug;a fï 28 wdldr rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a iu;a jQ miq tajd iuQyhla yeáhg olshs'

thzrEmZ yeáhg olshs'

fhda.djprhd bka miq ;ud ;=< cks; jk úúO wdldrfha

úCoaCodKhka úYaf,aIKh lsrSu m%;sM, jYfhka we;s lrjk kdu

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" tla tla úCoaCodKhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks ish,q

kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" bkaøsh oajdr ifha yg.kakd 'ù:s'

hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk úCoaCodK l%shdj,sh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a

msh k.hs.

11 12

kdu mrs.a.yh îïu¾Ykh&

fn!oaO wNsO¾ufha uki hkq wruqKla okakd

úCoaCodKfhkao" tu úCoaCodKh;a iuÕ tl úg my< jk wkqnoaë

ffp;isl O¾uj,skao iukaú; jQjla yeáhg olakd ,efí' tjka

kdu O¾u 52 la we;' WodyrK jYfhka Miai" fõokd" i[a[d"

fÉ;kd" tal.a.;d" cSú; bJøsh yd ukisldr wdoshh'

l=Y," wl=Y, fyda wjHdlD; jYfhka j¾. l< yels yd

rEm" wrEm yd ldudjpr f,i mj;sk N+ñ jYfhka fnosh yels uq¿

úCoaCodK 89 j¾.hls'

úCoaCodKh yg.kakd" ù:s hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk

úCoaCodK mrïmrd j¾. yhla we;' bka myla uki úiska bkaøsh

mfya wruqKq my olakd ,o l,ays we;s jk wkql%u h' úCoaCodKfha

fï wkql%u bkaøsh oajdr mfya tl tll wruqKq oek .ekSug ukig

yelshdj ,nd fohs' oDYHudk jia;= weiska oelSu" Yíoh lfKka

weiSu wdosh hs' ih jeks wkql%uh kï ukig Ñ;a; O¾uhla tys

wruqK yeáhg ;sîuhs' ta wkqj bkaøsh oajdr fyj;a ù:s mylao"

ufkda oajdr fyj;a ù:s tllao jYfhka ù:s yhla fõ'

kdu úYaf,aIKh úNd.h& fldgia ;=klska iukaú; h(

1' flfkl= ;=< cks; jk ish,q wdldrfha úCoaCodK j¾. úNd.

lsrSu'

2' tla tla úCoaCodKhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks kdu O¾u ish,a,

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu'

3' bkaøsh oajdr ifhys yg.kakd zù:sZ hs y÷kajkq ,nk úCoaCodK

l%shdj,s iïu¾Ykh lsrSu'

boska fhda.djprfhl=g kdu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug wjYH kï"

wdkdmdki;sh" fjk;a Wmiu Ndjkd wruqKla fyda p;=Od;=

Ndjkdjla iu. werfUk iudê Ndjkdjla iïmQ¾K lr ;sìh

hq;=h' rEm l¾uia:dkho iïmQ¾K lr ;sìh hq;=h' kdu

l¾uia:dkh jeãug W;aidy l< hq;af;a bka miqjh'

fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh fyda fjk;a wruqKla mdol

fldg OHdk iudêh ,nd we;akï" kdu l¾uiaa:dkh jeãug fyd|

u ;ek Tyq t<ô OHdk wjia:dj yd iïnkaO Ñ;a; ffp;isl

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu hs'

Bg fya;= folls' uq,a fya;=j kï" OHdkh jvk úg

OHdkdx. my oekg u;a ksrSCIKh lr ;sîu;a OHdkh weiqre l<

kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka ,;a w;aoelSï ,nd ;sîu;ah' fojk

fya;=j kï OHdk wjia:dfõ mj;akd OHdk cjk Ñ;a;

wkqms<sfj,ska fndfyda úgla we;s ùu;a tksidu th m%lg ùu;ah'

th iïu¾Ykh lsrSu myiqh' idudkH ldudjpr ù:shg

m%;súreoaOh' tys oS w¿;a ù:shla weröug fmr tla tla cjkhla i;a

jrla muKla we;s fõ'

fï wkqj" fhda.djprhd OHdk ,nd we;akï yd kdu

l¾uia:dk jeãug leue;af;a kï th m%:u OHdkhg iu jeoSfuka

wrUhs' bka miq m%:u OHdkfhka ke.S isg mCoap OHdkdx. wod<

,CIK iu. iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tla tla m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hla

;=< mCoap OHdkdx. ish,a, tlg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la

m%.=K l< hq;=h' mCoap OHdkdx. kï (

1' ú;lal - ukfia m%:u fhojqu' máNd. ksñ;af;a

wruqK fj; uki f.k hdu yd

kexùu'

2' úpdr - ukfia wLKav îa:dhS& fhojqu'

máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK u; uki

ia:srj meje;aùu'

3' mS;s - máNd. ksñ;a; flfrys m%S;sh yd

leue;a;

4' iqL - máNd. ksñ;a; w;a oelSu yd ne÷Kq

m%ikak yeÕ=u iy i;=g

5' tal.a.;d - máNd. ksñ;a; u; isf;a tald.%;dj

13 14

fhda.djprhd fï kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ miq

m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;fha mej;s wfkla kdu O¾u tl tlla

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kshs' m<uqj Tyq úCoaCodK" Miai fyda

fõokd iïu¾Ykfhka wrThs' fï ;=fkka ljrla fyda m%lg fõ o

th iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej iEu m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hlu

th iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj fya jrlg tla j¾.hla ne.ska tl;=

lrñka b;srs j¾. tl tlla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fya m%:u

OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hl kdu 1 j¾." 2 j¾." 3 j¾. wdoS jYfhka

wka;sfï oS tla tla m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;hl mej;s kdu O¾u 34

j¾.h u oelSug iu;a jk f;la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

fhda.djprhd m%:u OHdk cjk Ñ;a;j, mj;akd 34 la jQ

ish,q kdu O¾u j¾. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays" ufkda oajdr

ù:shl yg .kakd iEu Ñ;a;hlu we;s ish,q kdu O¾u j¾.

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kS'

m%:u OHdkfha ufkda oajdr ù:shla l%shdldrS Ñ;a; j¾.

ihl wkqms<sfj,lska hqla;h(

m<uqj ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h yg .kS' tys kdu O¾u 12

j¾.hla Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

bkamiqj mrsl¾u Ñ;a;hls' ta ;=< kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla

Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

blaì;sj Wmpdr Ñ;a;hls' tys kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla

iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

wk;=rej f.da;%N+ Ñ;a;hls' tys kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla

iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

bka wk;=rej ks¾ndOl OHdk cjka is;a mrïmrdjla

olakg ,efí' ta ;=< Tyqg kdu O¾u 34 j¾.hla

iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uqj m%:u OHdkhg

iu jeosh hq;= h' wk;=rej ta OHdkfhka ke.sg mQ¾jfhka yg.;a

OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh Tyqg iïu¾Ykh l< yel' bka wk;=rej

fya m%:u OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha úúO l%shdldrS úCoaCodK ^Ñ;a;&

tl tlla ksrSCIKh lsrSu wrUhs' tla tla l%shdldrS Ñ;a;hl yg

.kakd 12 la jQ fyda 34 la jQ kdu O¾u ish,a, iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

wk;=rej m%:u OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:shl tla tla Ñ;a;hl

yg .kakd ish,q kdu O¾u j¾. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhdg

yels jQ úg ish,q kduj, fmdÿ ,CIKh iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tkï tla

wruqKlg keó .e,S isàfï fmdÿ ,CIKhhs' blaì;sj fya m%:u

OHdkfha mj;akd 34 j¾.hg wh;a ish,q zkduZ O¾u kdu yeáhg

iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

wk;=rej fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sfhys fojk" f;jk

yd isõ jk OHdkj, iy ;ud OHdk ,eîug iu;a jQ fjk;a Ndjkd

wruqKq - WodyrK jYfhka lfha ms<sl=,a nj" ód; lisKh"

ffu;%sh wdosh - mdol fldg f.k ,eîug iu;a jQ OHdkhl ta

wdldrfha kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs" ixúNd. lrhs'

fhda.djprhd bkamiqj ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shl

yg.kakd úúO kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

boska fhda.djprhd OHdkhg fkd meñK p;=Od;= Ndjkd

jeãu u.ska Wmpdr iudêh muKla ,nd we;akï t;ekskau kdu

O¾u iïu¾Ykh werôh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a OHdk Ñ;a;h yd

weiqre l< kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykhg Tyqg yelshdjla ke;s fyhsks'

ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shla yd ine|S kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uq fldg Njx. kïjQ

ufkdaoajdrh iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= w;r bka miq plaLqmamidoh

wruqKla yeáhg .; hq;=h'

15 16

ufkdaoajdrfha plaLqmamido ksñ;a; my< jQ l,ays th

ufkdaoajdr ù:sh cks; lrhs'

ldudjpr Ñ;a;hla iïnkaOfhka ta Ñ;a;h l=Y,o wl=Y,o

hkak ;SrKh jk b;d jeo.;a lreK jkafka fhdaksfidaukisldrh

fyda wfhdaksfidaukisldrh mj;So fkdmj;So hkak h'

boska fhda.djprhd wruqKlg wjOdkh fhduq fldg th

rEm" kdu" fya;= M," wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; fyda wiqN jYfhka olSo

túg ta wjOdkh fhdaksfidaukisldr fú' th l=Y, Ñ;a;h yd

ne÷Kq tlls'

boska fhda.djprhd wruqKlg mqoa.,hd" ñksid" .eyeKsh"

i;a;ajhd" rka" rsoS fyda ia:sr" i;=g fyda wd;auh wd§ ixl,amj,ska

fuf,i wjOdkh fhduq lrhso" túg th wfhdaksfidaukisldr fõ'

th wl=Y, Ñ;a;hla yd iïnkaO jQjls'

fï wkqj fhda.djprhd fï l%shdj,sh h<s h<s;a lr f.k

hhs' OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh ms<sn|j l,ska i|yka l< wdldrhg

jrlg tl ne.ska ta ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha Ñ;a;h weiqre l< kdu j¾.

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy orhs' ta wkqj fya Ñ;a;" fõokd fyda

Miai iu.ska wrUd kdu iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miq tla tla

Ñ;a;hla ;=< jQ kdu j¾. tlla folla fyda ;=kla iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug yels jk f;la Tyqf.a ×dkh jvkafkah' fufia fhoSfuka

wjidkfhaoS ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr Ñ;a; ù:sfha tla tla

Ñ;a;hl tk úúO kdu O¾u ish,a, - j¾. 34 fyda 33 fyda 32 fyda

fõjd - oelSug iu;a fõ'

ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr Ñ;a; ù:shla my; oelafjk

l¾uKH l%shdldÍ& Ñ;a; wkqms<sfj,ska iukaú; fõ'

m<uqj ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd

tys kdu j¾. 12 la iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'

bka miq cjka is;a 7 la we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu

j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'

blaì;sj ;ÞdrïuK 2 la we;s fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu

34" 33 fyda 32 iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

fhda.djprhd ufkdaoajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wrUhs'

ula ksido h;a ufkdaoajdr ù:sfha bkaøsh oajdr ù:shg jvd l¾uKH

^l%shdldrS& Ñ;a; j¾. wvq fyhsks'

blaì;sj fhda.djprhd N+; rEm 18 yd wksIamkak rEm 10

tl tlla wdrïuKhla yeáhg fhdÞ ta wdldrhgu ufkdaoajdr

ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lrñka bosrshg hhs'

wk;=rej fhda.djprhd plaLq oajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh

wrUhs' fya plaLq oajdr ù:sfha tla tla Ñ;a;hla ;kk kdu ish,a,

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wdldrhgu l,ska WÞyrK jYfhka oelajQ mrsos

m<uqj Ñ;a;" Miai fyda fõokd iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tla Ñ;a;hl

mj;akd ish,q kdu j¾. oelSug iu;a jk f;la kdu .fõIKh

lrñka úúO kdu j¾. iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hhs'

plaLq oajdr ù:sfhys tla tla Ñ;a;hla ìys lrk kdu

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu msKsi fhda.djprhd m<uqj plaLqmamido Od;=j;a

miqj ufkdaoajdrh;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bkamiqj ta folu tl jr

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' oajdr foflys u l=vd wKq l,dmhla oDYHudk jQ

úg tys j¾Kh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' fuu wjia:dfõoS

plaLq oajdr ù:sh we;s jk ieá;a" Ñ;a;fha iajdNdúl kHdhg wkqj

th wkqjhk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

plaLq oajdr ù:sh l¾uKH Ñ;a; ih j¾.hl wkqms<sfj,la

iys; jQjla fõ'

m<uqj mCoapoajdrdjcAck Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta

;=< kdu j¾. 11 la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

17 18

Bg miq plaLq úCoaØdKh my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=< kdu j¾. 8

la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

Bg miq iïmáÉPk Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhd ta ;=<

kdu j¾. 11 la iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

bka wk;=rej ika;SrK Ñ;a;h my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta

;=< kdu j¾. 11 la fyda 12 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

blaì;sj jqÜfGda ^fjd;a:mk& Ñ;a;h my< fõ'

fhda.djprhdg ta ;=< kdu j¾. 12 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

wk;=re j cjka is;a 7 la my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta ;=<

kdu j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

blaì;sj ;ÞrïuK 2 la my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg ta ;=<

kdu j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 la iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

wk;=rej Njx. Ñ;a;fha laIK lSmhla we;s fõ'

blaì;sj" plaLq oajdr ù:sh fuka tu wruqKu iu.

ldudjpr l=i, ufkdaoajdr ù:shla yg.kafka kï" ufkda

oajdrdjcAck Ñ;a;hla my< fõ' fhda.djprhdg kdu j¾. 12

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels fõ'

bka miq cjka is;a 7 la my< fõ' ta ;=< fhda.djprhdg j¾.

34" 33 fyda 32 kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wk;=rej fhda.djprhd Ñ;a;"

Miai fyda fõokd iuÕska werfUk plaLq oajdr yd ufkda oajdr

ù:Skays iEu Ñ;a;hlu yg .kakd úúOdldr kdu O¾u ish,a,

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wrUhs' ù:s folaysu tla tla Ñ;a;hl mj;akd

ish,q kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la wka kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

blaì;sj" plaLq wdh;kh iïnkaOj mj;akd fï ù:s yd

kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jQ l,ays fhda.djprhd tu

wdldrhgu wka wdh;k i;f¾ - fida;" >dK" csõyd yd ldh - tl

tlla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fï wjia:dj jk úg Tyq l=i,

Ñ;a;h yd weiqre l< kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yelshdj

j¾Okh lr f.k ;sìh hq;=h'

B <Õg fhda.djprhd wl=i, Ñ;a;j, kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfia oehs ne,Sug W.kshs' fuh lsrSug

yelsùu msKsi uq, oS fok ,o WÞyrKj,oS l<dla fuka tu

wruqKu .kS' ta tl tlla ms<sn|j wfhdaksfidaukisldrh fhduq

lrhs'

Ndjkdfõ fï wjia:djg <Õd jk úg fhda.djprhd

iudêh jvd rEm 28 u iïu¾Ykh fldg" wNHka;r jYfhka

mj;akd ish,q kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lr we;'

ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSu

fhda.djprhd wNHka;r jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh

lsrSfuka wk;=rej ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

fuh lsrSu msKsi Tyq wNHka;r jYfhka Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lr"

Tyq ye| isák jia;%j, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wrUhs'

fufia lrñka fya ;u jia;%h wKqj,g ì|S hk whqre iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug iu;a fõ' fï tla tla wKq fldgiaj, rEm 8 la we;s nj o

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajd W;=fjka ksmka wg jeks wKqq fldgi jQ

— cdj˜ hs y|qkajkq ,efí' fuys tajd ìys lrk f;afcdaj kï tla

tla ndysr wKqjl f;afcdA Od;=j hs'

blaì;sj fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg wNHka;r yd ndysr

jYfhka udrefjka udrejg ;=ka y;r j;djla rEmh iïu¾Ykh

lrhs' miq j ish iudê wdf,dalh Ndú; lrñka ;uka jdä ù isák

ìu jeks ;rula wE; ;ekl we;s rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï tla tla

wKq fldgil 8 j¾.hl rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSugo Tyq iu;a fjhs'

19 20

h<s;a Tyq wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg ;=ka y;r

j;djla rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs’

wk;=rej fya ;uka jdä ù isák f.dvke.s,af,a" .ia we;=¿

f.a jgd fmfofia" rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï wdldrhg Tyq

;udf.ka ndysr jQ ish,q wm%dKsl rEm;a wNHka;r ish,q rEm;a

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la iïu¾Yk lafIa;%h l%ufhka

mq¿,a lrhs'

we;eï wjia:dj, ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk úg

fhda.djprhd wm%dKsl jia;=j, mj;akd m%ido rEm o olshs' tfia

jkafka ta ;ekaj, l=vd lDóka yd i;=ka isák neúks' Tyq ta

i;=kaf.a m%ido rEm olshs'

fhda.djprhd wm%dKsl ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka

wk;=rej im%dKsl iy Ñ;a;h yd ne÷Kq ndysr rEm iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug hhs' ta wfkla cSùkaf.a YrSr ;=< mj;akd rEmh'

fhda.djprhd wk;=rej ndysr i;a;ajhkaf.a rEm

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajd ñksil=" .eyeKshl" mqoa.,hl= fyda

i;a;ajfhl= fkdj yqfola rEm nj wjfndaO lr .kS' blaì;s j fya

ish,q ndysr rEm tl úg iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wNHka;r yd ndysr

jYfhka mj;akd úúO j¾.fha ish,q rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

ñka woyia lrkqfha plaLqj ;=< wNHka;r yd ndysr j

mj;akd 54 j¾.hl rEm;a" plaLqj ;=< wNHka;rj yd ndysrj

mj;akd 6 j¾.hl wKq;ah' fhda.djprhd wk;=rej l¾u" Ñ;a;"

f;afcda yd ćd u.ska my< jQ ish,q wdldr rEm ta wdldrhgu b;srs

wdh;k mfyao iïu¾Ykh lrhs' b;srs ish,q wksIamkak rEm j¾.

wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

ñka miq fya kdu O¾u wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug mgka .kS'

wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u mrs.%y lsrSu

m<uqj fya ufkdaoajdr ù:sfhka wNHka;rj kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu wrUd miqj plaLq oajdr ù:sho uq,ska meyeos,s l<

mrsos ta yd ne|s l=i, fyda wl=i, jQ fyda ish,q kdu O¾uo

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miq ndysr jYfhkao th iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

Tyq fuh ndysr plaLq m%ido Od;=jla yd ndysr ufkda m%ido

Od;=jla iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka yd miqj wKq iuQyhl j¾Kh oajdr

foflysu úoHudk jQ úg plaLq oajdr ù:sh yd ufkdaoajdr ù:sho

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka mgka .kS' Tyq fuh wNHka;r yd ndysr

jYfhka h<s h<s;a fndfyda jdr .Kkla lrhs' fuf,i b;srs bkaøsh

oajdr yh u wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka lrhs'

fhda.djprhd OHdkhg iu jeoSug iu;a kï ndysr jq

OHdk ufkdaoajdr ù:sh iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tfy;a Tyqg OHdk

mrsphla fkd ue;af;a kï Tyqg th l< fkd yel'

fï wdldrhg fhda.djprhd wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< rEm

ne,Sug ;uka iu;a jk f;la wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka rEm

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< kdu O¾u ne,Sug

;uka iu;a jk f;la wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej úYajh mqrdu kdu O¾u yd rEm hk

folu iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

blaì;sj fhda.djprhd kdu O¾u yd rEm m%×fjka úNd.

lr n,hs' i;a;ajhska" ñksiqka fyda .eyeKqka fkd olshs' uq¿ úYajh

mqrd u kdu O¾u yd rEm muKla olshs’

máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh

by; oelajQ wdldrhg fhda.djprhd kdu O¾u yd rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays kdufha yd rEmfha fya;=

21 22

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' fuhska woyia lrkqfha w;S;"

j¾;udk" wkd.; hk ld,;%h ;=< fya;= M, jYfhka l%shd;aul

jk l%uh úia;r jk máÉpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykh hs'

fhda.djprhdg máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï iu;a

nj j¾Okh lr .ekSï jYfhka l%u lSmhlau we;'

máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a ljr wdldrhlg oehs

fhda.djprfhl=g b.ekaùu msKsi fnfyúkau fhdÞ .kakd l%uh

m<uqfjka j¾;udkfha;a" blaì;sj w;S;fha;a wk;=rej

wkd.;fha;a mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSuhs' j¾;udk" w;S;

yd wkd.; ld,j, mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

fhda.djprhd iu;a jQ úg" fï ld,;%fha mefkk fya;=M,

iïnkaO;dj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' j¾;udk" w;S; yd

wkd.; ld,j, mCoap ialkaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ miq

mCoap ialkaOj,ska ljrla fya;= o" ljrla M, o hkqfjka n,hs' bka

miq iQ;%j, yd wgqjdj, W.kajk úúO l%u máÉpiuqmamdoh

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd bf.k .kshs'

w;S;h iïu¾Ykh lsrSu

w;S;h iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd fhda.djprhd Þ.enla fyda

nqÿ ms<suhla bosrsmsg myka" u,a fyda iqj| ÿï jeks mQcdjla fldg"

meúoafol=" fufyKshl" ñksfil=" .eyeKshl" foúfhl= fyda ;uka

leu;s wka ljfrl= fyda ù bmoSu m%d¾:kd lsrSfuka wrUhs'

blaì;sj fya Ndjkdjg jdä fjhs' iudêh jvd wNHka;r

yd ndysr jYfhka udrefjka udrejg kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh

lrhs' fuh jeo.;ah' ula ksido h;a" fhda.djprhdg ndysr jYfhka

kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fkd yelafla kï w;S;fha

kdu yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug buy;a ÿIalr;djla we;sjk

fyhsks' tfia jkafka j¾;udk& ndysr kdu O¾u yd rEm" w;S; kdu

O¾u yd rEm j,g iudk ,laIK ork neúks'

blaì;sj fhda.djprhd Þ.en fyda nqÿ ms<suh bosrsfha mQcd

meje;aùfïoS mej;s kdu O¾u yd rEm ndysr wdrïuK yeáhg

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy orhs' fufia lrk w;r;=roS" mQcd

mj;ajk wjia:dfõjQ ;udf.au m%;srEmh fmfkkakg mgka .kS'

blaì;s fya ta m%;srEmfha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

fï m%;srEmh wKq njg m;a jQ miq" oajdr ifhys ish,q rEm

úfYaIfhka yDoh jia;=fõ rEm 54 iïu¾Ykh lrhs' bka miqj fya

Njdx. Ñ;a;h yd Njdx. Ñ;a; w;r jQ mr;rj, ksmka ufkda oajdr

ù:s iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=rej fï ufkda oajdr ù:s w;r bosrshg;a

wdmiaig;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs' lsf,ai jÜg yd lïu jÜg ufkda

oajdr ù:s y÷kd .kS' lïu jÜg ufkda oajdr ù:shg 34 j¾.hl kdu

O¾u we;s w;r lsf,ai jÜghg we;af;a 20 j¾.hl kdu O¾u muKss'

fhda.djprhd lsf,ai jÜgfha yd lïu jÜgfha kdu O¾u

iïu¾Ykh lr" tajd ord isák rEm iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

mÜÉpiuqmamdo l%ufha jÜg ;=kla we;' tajd lïu jÜg"

lsf,ai jÜg yd úmdl jÜg fõ' mÜÉpiuqmamdofha wx. fÞ<fika

—lïu jÜg— ixLdr yd lïu Nj yÕjk w;r" —lsf,ai jÜg˜

wúoHd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk yÕjhs' —úmdl jÜg—" úCoaØK" kdu rEm"

i<dh;k" iam¾Y yd fõokd olajhs'

WÞyrK yeáhg" nqÿ ms<suhla bosrs msg myka" u,a" iqj| ÿï

mQcd lsrSu yd NslaIqjla f,i bmoSug me;Su .ksuq'

fuys wúoHdj kï 'NslaIqj' i;H yeáhg idjoH f,i

.ekSuh' ;Kaydj kï NslaIq Ôú;hl me;Su" Bg wdYd lsrSuh'

'WmdÞk' kï NslaIqjlf.a cSú;hg we;s ne|Suhs' fï ;=k" tkï

wúcacd" ;Kayd yd WmdÞk lsf,ai jÜgh ;kk Ñ;a;fha tl úg

olakg ,efí'

boska fhda.djprhd nqÿ ms<suhla bosrsmsg myka" u,a fyda

iqj| mqcdjla lr" NslaIqjla f,i h<s bmoSu fjkqjg .eyeKshl

23 24

yeáhg h<s bmoSu me;S kï túg wúoHdj jkafka '.eyeKsh' i;H

yeáhg is;Sfï idjoH oekquhs' ;Kaydj .eyeKshl f,i tu

cSú;hg wdYd lsÍuhs' me;Suhs' .eyeKshl f,i tu cSú;hg ne|Su

WmdÞkhhs'

fï WÞyrK foflysu ixLdr kï nqoaO m%;sudjg myka" u,a

fyda iqj| mQcd lsrSug we;s l=Y, fÉs;kdjhs' l¾uh kï ixLdr yd

ne÷Kq l¾u n,hhs' fï folu máÉp iuqmamdofha lïu jÜg

ilid,k Ñ;a;fha olakg ,efí.

fhda.djprhd uE; w;S;fha lsf,ai jÜg yd lïu jÜgj,

kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l,ays t;ekska u|la

wE;g - mQcdjg u|la fmr l,lg - hhs' ta wjia:dfõ mej;s kdu

O¾u yd rEm ta wdldrhg iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fuf,i tfõf,a mej;s

kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lr h<s;a jrla ;j iaj,amhla

wdmiaig hñka kej; kej; iïu¾Ykh lrhs' fï whqrska fmr osk"

fmr i;shl" fmr uil" fmr jirl" fmr fojirl" fmr

f;jirl wdoS jYfhka kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lrñka

wjidkfha j¾;udk cSú;fha uõ l=i ms<sis| .ekSfï oS my< jQ

mQ¾jNjh yd wdY%s; kdu O¾u iy rEm oelSug yels jk f;la

w;S;hg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ'

óg fya;= úu¾Ykh lrñka fhda.djprhd ;j ÿrg;a

w;S;hg hdug iu;a fõ' fmr wd;aufha urK fudfydf;a mej;s

kdu O¾u yd rEm fyda urKdikak cjk wdrïuKh fyda olshs'

urKdikak cjkhg ;sìh yels ksñ;s ;=kls' tajd kï(

1' lïu wruqK - odkh jeks ls%hdjka cks; l< is;=ú,s

2' lïu ksñ;a; - od.en" NslaIqj" u,a fyda mQcd NdKavhla

3' .;s ksñ;a; - mqoa.,fhl= h<s Wmosk ;ek¦ ñksfil=g

kï ujf.a .¾NdIh' fuh idudkHfhka r;= m,ila

fuka r;= mdg fõ'

boska fhda.djprhdg urKdikak kdu O¾u yd rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels kï" túg urKdikak cjkh - l¾u" l¾u

ksñ;a; fyda .;s ksñ;a; fyda fõjd - iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqg

.eg¨jla fkd jkafkah' fï wdrïuKh mqk¾Nj ^máikaê&

úCoaØKh Wmojk l¾u fõ.h ksid we;s fõ' boska Tyqg fuh

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels kï" j¾;udk cSú;fha M,h jQ mCoap

ialkaaOh cks; l< ixLdr yd l¾uh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fjhs'

ixLdr yd l¾u iïu¾Ykh l< miq tajdg mQ¾j.dó jQ wúcacd"

;Kayd yd WmdÞk iïu¾Ykh lsrSug h;ak orhs' bka miqj lïu

jÜg yd lsf,ai jÜg wdY%s; wfkl=;a kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

tajd j¾. 34" 33 fyda 32 ls'

mÜÑpiuqmamdo iïu¾Ykhg WÞyrK

WÞyrKhla yeáhg" tla fhda.djpr ;eke;a;shla iudêhg

we;=¿j urKdikak wjia:dj msrslaid kdu O¾u yd rEm iïu¾Ykh

l< úg ;ud fn!oaO NslaIqjlg m,;=rla mQcd lrk l¾uh ÿgqjdh'

miq j weh fn!oaO NslaIqjg m,;=r mQcd lrk wjia:dfõ mej;s Od;=

i;rska mgka f.k kdu O¾u yd rEm ;j ÿrg;a iïu¾Ykh l<dh'

túg ta ;eke;a;sh fnfyúka ÿ.S kQ.;a .eñ .eyekshl jq nj;a" ;ud

isák ÿ(Å; ;;a;ajh l,amkd fldg úYd, k.rhl W.;a

;eke;a;shl ùu m;ñka tu NslaIqjg mQcdjla lr we;s nj;a ÿgqjdh'

fuys wúoHdj kï —úYd, k.rhl W.;a ;eke;a;sh˜ hkak

i;Hhls hk idjoH oekqu hs' W.;a .eyeKshl yeáhg cSú;hlg

leu;s ùu yd thg we;s wdYdj ;Kaydj h' W.;a ;eke;a;shl

yeáhg Bg ne|S hdu WmdÞkh hs' fn!oaO NslaIqjlg m,;=rla mQcd

lsrSug mej;s l=i, fÉ;kd ixLdrhs' l¾uh kï ta ixialdrj,

l¾u Yla;shhs'

j¾;udk cSú;fha wE ñhkaudrfha úYd, k.rhl W.;a

.eyeKshls' wef.a fmr cSú;fha m,;=rla mQcd lsrSfï l¾u n,h

j¾;udk cSú;fha M,h jQ mCoap ialkaOh ;ekqfka flfia oehs

ksjeros oiqklska >Dcqju iïu¾Ykh lsrSug weh iu;a jQjdh’

25 26

fhda.djprfhl= fï wdldrhg fya;= yd M, iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

iu;a jQ l,ays ta ×Kh —mÉphmrs.a.yØK— ke;fyd;a kdu rEm

O¾uj, fya;= iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh hs lshkq ,efí'

;j;a WÞyrKhla fufiah' tla mqreIfhla urKdikak

wjia:dj úuiñka yd iïu¾Ykh lrñka isák úg urKdikak

cjk wjia:dfõ l¾u wruqKq y;rla tlsfkl ;rÕ lrkq ÿgqfõh'

tla l¾uhla fn!oaO .%ka: W.ekaùu yd iïnkaOj úh' ;fjlla

O¾uh b.ekaùfuys h' ;j;a tlla Ndjkdj yd iïnkaOj h' wjika

tl Ndjkdj b.ekaùu úh' fï cSú;fha M,h jq wÞ< ialkaO

mCoaplh cks; lf<a fï l¾u i;rska ljrla oehs fiùfï oS M,h

,nd oS ;snqfka Ndjkd l¾uh nj Tyq ÿgqfõ h' urKdikak cjkfha

wruqK ù we;af;a ta l¾uh hs' l=uk Ndjkd wruqKla m%.=K lrñka

isáfhaoehs ;j ÿrg;a úuiSfï oS úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj m%.=K lrñka yd

kdu rEmj, wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hk ;%s,laIK fhdod .ksñka isg

we;s nj ÿgqfõh' ;j ÿrg;a mrSlaId lsrSfï oS iEu Ndjkd

m¾hxlhlg fmr;a miqj;a ñksfil= f,i h<s;a bmoSug;a" NslaIqjla

ùug;a" nqoaO O¾uh m;=re jk NslaIqjla ùug;a me;Sula ;=nqKq neõ

ÿgqfõh'

fuys wúoHdj kï —msrsñfhl=" NslaIqjla fyda nqÿoyu

m;=rejk NslaIqjla— hkak i;Hhls hk idjoH ú.%yh hs' ;Kaydj

kï Bg leu;s ùu wdYd lsrSu h' WmdÞkh kï Bg we,Suh' ixialdr

kï úmiaikd Ndjkd m%.=K lsrSu h' l¾uh kï ta l%shdfõ l¾u

n,hhs'

fhda.djprfhl= wdikaku fmr Njh iïu¾Ykh lsrsfï oS

fmr Njfha wúoHdj" ;Kaydj" WmdÞk" ixLdr yd l¾u hk fya;=

my;a" j¾;udk Njfha máikaê Ñ;a;" kdu rEm" i<dh;k" Miai yd

fõokd hk M, my;a oelSug iu;a jQ l,ays ta wdldrhg u

wkqms<sfj,ska fojk" f;jk yd isjq jk w;S; Njj,g wdmiaig

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' fï wdldrhg yels muK w;S;hg wdmiaig

iïu¾Ykh lrkafkah' blaì;s j fya ta wdldrhg u wkd.;h o

n,hs' th lsrSu i|yd j¾;udk rEm yd kdu iïu¾Ykh lrñka

werôh hq;= w;r fï Njfha urK fudfyd; olajd wkd.;h

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' tu fudfydf;a fï Njfha Tyq isÿ l< úfYaI

l¾ufha n,h ksid yg .kakd l¾u wruqK fyda .;s ksñ;a;

^W;am;a;s ia:dkh& ne,Sug iu;a fjhs' bka miq Tyq u;= Njfha yg

.kakd m%;sikaê Ñ;a;h yd rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fjhs'

wkd.; Njh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï oS" boska th n%yau

f,dalfha jkafka kï tys plaLq" fida; yd ufkda hk oajdr ;=k

muKla we;s jkafkah' foaj yd ukqIH Njj, oajdr ih ne.ska fõ'

fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg os.gu .fõIKh lrhs' fYaI

fkd fldg wúoHdj my jk f;la - fuh isÿ jkqfha w¾y;a ud¾.hg

msúiqu;a iu. h - iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' bka miq j fya fYaI fkd

fldg ialkaO mCoaplh ksreoaO jk f;la - fuh isÿjkqfha

mrsks¾jdKhg m;a ùfuka miqjh - iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta ksid ;ud

wry;a Ndjhg yd mrsks¾jdKhg m;ajk f;la wkd.; Nj fndfyda

ixLHdjla iïu¾Ykh lsrSug isÿ fõ' fï wkqj ish,q O¾uhka

ksreoaO ùu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tyqg yels fõ'

fï wdldrhg w;S;fha" j¾;udkfha yd wkd.;fha ialkaO

mCoaplh yd tyss mj;akd fya;= M, iïnkaO;dj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

iu;a jQ l,ays ^fuh mia jeks l%uh hs& fï ish,a, m%:u l%ufhka

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfia oehs Tyqg W.kajkq ,efí'

máÉpiuqmamdo m<uq l%uh Nj ;=kla mqrd mj;S' wkqf,dau

l%uhg wkqj fmr Njfha fya;= wúoHdj yd ixLdrj,ska werfò'

fïjd j¾;udk Njfha máikaê úCoaØKh" kdu rEm" i<dh;k"

Miai yd fõokd hk M, we;s lrhs' blaì;s j fuu Njfha ;Kayd"

Wmd\k yd Nj hk fya;= u;= Njfha cd;s" crd" urK yd ish,q

wdldrfha ÿla we;s lrhs’

fhda.djprhd lsf,ai jÜgfha wúoHd" ;Kayd yd WmdÞk

27 28

úu¾Ykh l< hq;=j we;' lsf,ai jÜgh lïu jÜg we;s lrkafka

flfia o hkak yd wfkla w;g ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ rEm yd

kdu jQ ialkaO mCoaplh we;s lrkafka flfia o hkak iïu¾Ykh

lrhs' B<Õg fï in|;dj oelSfuka ;ud ksjeros foa iïu¾Ykh lr

we;aoehs úuish hq;= h' fï i|yd l¾u n,h oelSug Tyq iu;a úh

hq;= w;r ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ oS th mqk¾Nj kdurEm i;H

jYfhka we;s lrkafka flfia oehs ne,Sug iu;a úh hq;=h'

máÉpiuqmamdo miajeks l%uhg yd m%:u l%uhg wkqj flfia

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= o hkak ms<sn| flá meyeos,s lsrSuls fuh'

ØK oyih

máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lsr sfuka wk;=rej

fhda.djprhd ks¾jdKh ,nd .kakd f;la úo¾Ykdj jeäh hq;=h.

ksjKg meñKSu msKsi úo¾Ykd ØK oyihla l%udkql+,j

,nd .; hq;=h'

m%:u ØKh kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh ^kdu rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ØKh& hs' kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a

flfia oehs meyeos,s lsrSfïsoS fuh wm úia;r lr we;'

fojeks ØKh mÉph mrs.a.y ØKh ^kdu rEmj, fya;=

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ØKh& hs' fuh o w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;

Njj, kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfiao yd máÉpiuqmamdoh

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a flfiao hk lreKq meyeos,s lsrSfïoS by;

i|yka fldg we;'

m<uq ØK fol fuf,i jevQ fhda.djprhd tajd iïmQ¾K

lr .ekSu msKsi ish,q kdu" ish,q rEm" máÉpiuqmamdofha ish,q wx.

,laLK" ri ^lD;H&" mÉpqmÜGdk ^jegySu - m%ldYhg m;aùu&"

moÜGdk wdikak ldrK& jYfhka h<s;a iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh

fláfhka meyeos,s lsrSu ÿIalrh' Tn úia;r oek.ekSug leue;af;ys

kï ienEjgu m%.=K lrk wjia:dfõoS th bf.kSu b;d fyd|h’

;=ka jk ØKh kï iïuik ØKh ^.=K jYfhka ilia

ùu wjfndaO lr .ekSfï ØKh& hs' fï ØK j¾Okh ixL; O¾u

kdu rEm jYfhka .K follg" mCoap ialkaO f,i .K mylg"

oajdoY wdh;k f,i .K fÞ<ylg" wÜGdri 18& Od;= f,i .K oy

wglg" máÉpiuqmamdofha wx. fÞ<i wkqj .K fÞ<ilg fnoSu yd

nef|a' blaì;s fhda.djprhd fï .K tl tllg udrefjka udrejg

wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh fhd\ .kshs'

WÞyrK yeáhg wk;a; ,laLK iQ;%fha olajk ,o l%uhla

we;' tys nqÿka jykafia w;S;" j¾;udk" wkd.; ish,q rEm" fúokd"

ix×" ixialdr yd úCoaCodK" uy;a jQ fyda iQCIau jQ" wNHka;r fyda

ndysr jQ" ySk my;aa& fyda m%KS; jQ" wE; fyda <Õ fyda fõjd uu fkd

fjñ" uf.a fkd fõ" wd;au fkd fõ hs iïudosÜGsfhka iïu¾Ykh

lrhs'

fï ØKh jeãu msKsi fhda.djprhd p;=¾: OHdkh olajd

wkqms<sfj,ska iudêh h<s msysgqjñka werôh hq;= h' boska Tyq Y=Ial

úo¾Yl mqoa.,fhl= f,i p;=Od;= Ndjkdj muKla jvd we;akï

ish iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a yd Yla;su;a jk f;la iudêh h<s

msysgqúh hq;= h' blaì;s Tyq i<dh;kfha tl tll NjH rEm

iïu¾Ykh lrñka wrUhs'

wk;=rej fya rEmh .Khla yeáhg tlg .kS' ta rEmh yg

.kakd ieá ^Woh& yd ìf|k ieá ^jh& .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrhs'

m%×j fhdoñka th wks;H yeáhgolshs' Tyq fï ,CIKh jrla

wNHka;r jYfhka o wk;=rej ndysr jYfhka o h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS'

fuh ndysr jYfhka m%.=K lrñka fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg

wkka; jQ úYajh olajd m;=rejhs'

blaì;s fya h<s;a rEmh .Khla yeáhg tlg .kS' ta rEmfha

yg.ekau yd ì|S hdu fya;=fjka flfkl=g ksrka;rfhka ú|Sug

isÿjk ÿl yd fõokdj flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' miqj

29 30

m%×fjka hqla; j th ÿlla yeáhg olshs' fya jrla wNHka;r

jYfhkao jrla ndysr jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fï ,CIK fhdÞ .kshs'

fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka Tyq fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg

wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'

blaì;sj Tyq h<s;a ta rEmh .Khla yeáhg .kS' ks;H

wd;auhlska f;dr jQjla yeáhg ta rEmhg wjOdkh fhduq lrhs'

m%×fjka hqla;j th wkd;au yeáhg olS' Tyq fï ,CIKh jrla

wNHka;r jYfhka o jrla ndysr jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS'

fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka Tyq fï ix×j l%u l%ufhka <Õ isg

wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'

fhda.djprhdg fuh l< yels úg Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh ta

wdldrhg kduhg o fhdojhs' m<uqj Tyq bkaøsh oajdr ifhys

yg.kakd ish,q kdu iïu¾Ykh lrhs' óg úCoaØKh;a" tla tla

bkaøsh oajdr ù:sj, tla tla laIKhl mj;akd kdu O¾u;a" ù:s w;r

yg.kakd Njx. Ñ;a;h;a we;=<;ah'

blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ta kduj, bmoSu

yd ì|S hdu flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka tajd wks;H

yeáhg olS' Tyq fï ,laIKh jrla wNHka;r jYfhkao" jrla ndysr

jYfhkao h<s h<s;a fhdÞ .kS' fuh ndysr jYfhka lrñka fya tu

ix×j uE; isg wkka; jQ úYajh f;la m;=rejhs'

blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ta kduhkaf.a

yg.ekau yd ì|S hdu fya;=fjka flfkl=g ksrka;rfhka ú|Sug

isÿjk ÿl yd fõokdj flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka th

ÿla yeáhg okS'

blaì;sj fya ta kdu .Khla yeáhg .kS' ks;H wd;auhlska

f;dr jQjla yeáhg ta kduhg wjOdkh fhduq lrhs' m%×fjka th

wkd;au yeáhg okS'

blaì;sj fya m<uqj fï ;%s,laIKh máikaê úCoaØKfha

isg pq;s Ñ;a;h olajd jQ fï Njfha ish,q rEmhkag;a bka miqj

máikaê úCoaØKfha isg pq;s Ñ;a;h olajd jQ fï Njfha ish,q

kduhkag;a fhdÞ .kS' Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh jrlg tl ne.ska h<s

h<s;a wNHka;rj yd ndysrj fï Njfha ish,q kdu rEmhkg

fhdojhs'

bka miqj Tyq fï ;%s,laIKh" Tyqg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels

jQ w;S;" j¾;udk" wkd.; ish,q rEmj,g;a ish,q kduj,g;a

fhdojhs' fï ;%s,laIKh jrlg tl ne.ska h<s h<s;a w;S;"

j¾;udk yd wkd.; ish¨q rEmj,g;a ish¨q kduj,g;a fhdojhs'

fhda.djprhd fufia lsrSfï oS jvd;a Wiia úo¾Ykdjla

jeãug;a wkql%ufhka w¾y;a nj ,eîug;a yels nj olskq we;'

boska Tyqg th lsrSfï ÿIalr;djla we;akï Tyqf.a úo¾Ykdj

Yla;su;a lsrSug m%.=K l< hq;= wNHdi lSmhlau we;'

m<uq wNHdih kï w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;" wNHka;r

fyda ndysr kdu yd rEmj,g wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hkqfjka i;<sia

wdldr wkqmiaikd fhdÞ .ekSu hs' md<s NdIdfõ fï y;<sia wdldr

wkqmiaikd zf;dZ hk m%;Hfhka wjidk fõ' tfyhska tajd —f;d˜

y;<sy hkqfjka ye|skafõ'

wks;H ldKavfha zf;dZ oyhla we;'

1' wksÉpf;d - wks;H jYfhka

2' mf,dlf;d - leã ì|S hdu jYfhka

3' p,f;d - pm, wia:sr& jYfhka

4' mNÙ.=f;d - CIKhlska úkdYùï jYfhka

5' woaOqjf;d - Ñria:dhS fkd ùï jYfhka

6' úmrskdu Oïuf;d - fjkiaùï jYfhka

7' widrf;d - yrhla ke;s neõ jYfhka

8' úNjf;d - WÉfPao jYfhka

9' ixL;f;d - ilia lrk ,oaola jYfhka

10' urK Oïuf;d - urKh iajNdj fldg ;sîu jYfhka

31 32

ÿ·L ldKavfha 25 ls'

1' ÿlaLf;d - ÿla jYfhka

2' frda.f;d - frda. jYfhka

3' .Kavf;d - .vqjla jYfhka

4' i,a,f;d - W,la jYfhka

5' w>f;d - jHik jYfhka

6' wdndOf;d - wdndO jYfhka

7' B;sf;d - jix.;hla jYfhka

8' Wmoaojf;d - Wmøj jYfhka

9' Nhf;d - Nh jYfhka

10' Wmiai.a.f;d - Nhdkl wk;=rla jYfhka

11' w;dKf;d - /ljrKh ke;s jQjla jYfhka

12' wf,Kf;d - wdjrKhla ke;s jQjla jYfhka

13' wirKf;d - irKla ke;s jQjla jYfhka

14' wdoSkjf;d - wk;=rla jYfhka

15' w>uq,lf;d - úm;a;s uq,la jYfhka

16' jOlf;d - >d;khla jYfhka

17' idijf;d - wdY%j jYfhka

18' udrdñif;d - udrhdf.a f.dÿrla jYfhka

19' cd;s Oïuf;d - cd;s iajNdj jYfhka

20' crd Oïuf;d - crd iajNdj jYfhka

21' jHdê Oïuf;d - jHdê iajNdj jYfhka

22' fidl Oïuf;d - fYdal iajNdj jYfhka

23' mrsfoajf;d - je<mSï iajNdj jYfhka

24' Wmdhdif;d - n,dfmdfrd;a;= rys; neõ jYfhka

25' ixlsf,i Oïuf;d - laf,aY wjk;Ndj jYfhka

wk;a; ldKavfha 'f;d' myls'

1' mrf;d - wka i;= jYfhka

2' rs;a;f;d - ysia jYfhka

zf;dZ

3' ;=ÉPf;d - fkdják jYfhka

4' iq[a[f;d - Y=kH jYfhka

5' wk;a;f;d - wkd;au jYfhka

zf;dZ y;<sy kduhg yd wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka w;S;"

j¾;udk yd wkd.; rEmj,g Ndú; lrk iuyrekf.a úo¾Ykdj

w¾y;aNdjh ,nd .ekSu olajd u j¾Okh fjhs'

boska fhda.djprhdg ish úo¾Ykdj ;ju;a Yla;su;a ke;s

nj fmkS hkafka kï rEmh i|yd jq ud¾. y; rEm i;a;l& yd kdu

fjkqfjka jQ ud¾. y; wrEm i;a;l& hkqfjka y|qkajkq ,nk l%u

kduhg;a rEmhg;a ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ksñka W;aidy lrhs'

rEm i;a;l úmiaikd

1' rEm fjkqfjka jQ m<uq l%uh ^wdÞkkslafLmk rEm& kï"

mqk¾Njfha W;am;a;sfha& isg urKh olajd jQ tla cSú; ld,hla

;=< wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ

ne,Su h'

2' rEm fjkqfjka jQ fojeks l%uh ^jfhdajqoaO;a:.dó rEm& kï"

cSú; ld,h ;=< tla tla ld, mrsÉfPaohl wNHka;r ndysr

jYfhka rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suh' fï i|yd

fhda.djprhd cSú; ld,h jir 100 la yeáhg f.k jir 33 lska

iukaú; ld, mrsÉfPao ;=klg fnohs' m<uq ld, mrsÉfPaofha

tlS rEmh fojeks ld, mrsÉfPaohg fkd hhs' fojk ld,

mrsÉfPaofha mej;s rEmh f;jeks ld, mrsÉfPaohg fkd hhs'

ld, mrsÉfPao ;=< ìysjqKq rEm tu ld,h ;=<u Nx. jQ nj fya

olshs'

cSú; ld,hla ld, mrsÉfPAo ;=klg fnoSfuka wk;=rej fya

cSú; ld,h l=vd ld, mrsÉfPAoj,g kej; fnohs' blaì;sj

;%s,laIKh tla tla ld, mrsÉfPAohlg fhdÞ n,hs' Tyq cSú;

ld,h fufia fnÞ ,hs(

33 34

jir 10 la jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 10¦ jir 5 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 20¦

jir 4 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 25¦ wjqreÿ 2 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo

50¦ jir ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 100'

B<Õg udi 4 ne.ska jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 300¦ udi 2 ne.ska

jQ ld, mrsÉfPAo 600¦ wv ui ne.ska jq ld, mrsÉfPAo 2400'

B<Õg fya iEu osklau fldgia 2 lg fnohs' miqj

fldgia 6 lg fnohs' fï iEu ld, mrsÉfPAohlu jQ rEm ta

ld,fha oSu Nx. fõ' B<Õ ld, mrsÉfPAohg fkd hhs'

tfyhska wks;Hh¦ ÿlaLh¦ wkd;auh'

Bg miq fhda.djprhd YrSrfha tla tla wx. p,khl

ld, mrsÉfPAohlg ;%s ,CIKh fhdÞ n,hs' bosrshg hdu"

miaig tau" we;=<; ne,Su" msg; ne,Su" w; mh keóu fyda

w; mh oss. yerSu hk ld, mrsÉfPAohhs

bkamiq Tyq ;nk tla tla mshjrla - tiùu" bosrshg

f.k hdu" me;a;lg f.k hdu" my;a lsrSu" ìu ;eîu"

ia:sr j isàu hk fldgia yhlg fnohs' mshjrl fï tla

tla fldgilg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ n,hs¡

3' rEm fjkqfjka jq f;jk l%uh kï" wdydr ksid yg .kakd rEm

^wdydr rEm& fj; ;%s,laIKh fhoSuhs' fuh fhda.djprhdg l=i

.sks we;s ld,h ;=< yd m%udKj;a wdydrhla wkqNj lrkq ,enq

ld,h ;=< rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSu yd fï tla tla ld,

mrsÉfPaohl jQ rEm fj; ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ.ekSuh'

4' rEm fjkqfjka jQ isjq jeks l%uh kï >D;= ksid jQ rEmhg W;=c

rEm& ;%s,CIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs' fuh lrkqfha Tyqg WIaKh

oekqKq úg mj;akd rEmh yd Tyqg iS; oekqKq úg mj;akd rEmh

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu;a fï tla tla wjia:djl tlS rEmhg

;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu;ah’

5' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ mia jk l%uh kï l¾ufhka yg.;a rEmhg

^l¾uc rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suhs' fuh lrkqfha plaLq

oajdr" fida; oajdr" >dK oajdr" csõyd oajdr" ldh oajdr yd ufkda

oajdr hk bkaøsh oajdr yh weiqre l< rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuks'

blaì;sj fï ljr fyda oajdrhl rEm fjk;a oajdrhlg fkd

meñfKk nj yd ta ta wÞ< oajdrfha bmoS tysu ksreoaO jk nj;a

olsñka fï tla tla oajdrhl jq rEmhlg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ n,hs'

6' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ ih jekss l%uh kï Ñ;a;h ksid yg .;a

rEmhlg Ñ;a;c rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs' fuh lrkqfha

fhda.djprhd i;=gq yd ;=gqmygq jQ úg;a" wi;=gq yd ÿlauqiq jQ úg;a

mej;s rEmh iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka yd fï tla tla wjia:djl

mej;s rEmhg ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSfukah'

7' rEmh fjkqfjka jQ i;a jeks l%uh kï iajdNdúl rEmhg

Ô¾u;d rEm& ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,Suh' iajdNdúl rEm kï

bkaøshhka yd iïnkaO fkd jQ yd wú[aØKl jQ hlv" ;U" rka"

rsoS" uq;=" ueKsla" msglgq" lsrs .rev" ysrs.,a" moau rd." mia" l÷ yd

me,Eá wdoS jia;=h' fï wdldrfha rEm mj;skqfha ndysrjh'

fï rEm iïnkaO jQ ima; wdldrhh'

wrEm ^kdu& ima;lh

1' kdu iïnkaO m%:u ud¾.h kï l,dmj, kduj,g ;%s,laIKh

fhdÞ .ekSuhs l,dmf;d&' fï i|yd fhda.djprhd rEm ima;lh

m%.=K lrk wjia:dfõoS rEmfhaa ;%s,laIKh msrsis| o;a ukig

;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .kS' WÞyrK jYfhka rEmhg wÞ< ima;lfha

ish,q rEm úo¾Ykdj ;=<ska wks;H f,i oelSfuka wk;=rej" tu

úo¾Ykd ukiu wks;H yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs¦ bka miqj th

ÿ#L yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs¦ wk;=rej th wkd;au yeáhg

wjf,dalkh lrhs’

rEmhg wÞ< ima;lh wkqj úo¾Ykdfjka ish,q rEm ÿ#L yeáhg

35 36

oelSfuka wk;=rej" ta úo¾Ykd ukiu wkd;au yeáhg

wjf,dalkh lrh¦ bka miqj th ÿ#L yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs'

wk;=rej th wkd;au yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs'

2' kduh fjkqfjka jQ fojk ud¾.h jkafka hq., jYfhka kduhg

;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSuhs hulf;d&' fuysoS fhda.djprhd rEmh

fjkqfjkajQ ima;lfha tla tla l%uhlg wkqj rEmh wks;H" ÿ#L

yd wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh lrhs'

3' kduh fjkqfjka jQ f;jk l%uh kï laIK jYfhka kduhg

;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^LKslf;d&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd

tla tla jrl rEm i|yd jQ ima;lfha tla tla l%uhl oS rEmh

wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au yeáhg n,hs' fya laIKhlska ta úo¾Ykd

ukiu wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au yeáhg wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj

wfkla w;g f;jeks úo¾Ykd ukilska ta fojeks úo¾Ykd

uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au f,i wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj isõ

jk úo¾Ykd ukilska ta f;jk úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L"

wkd;au f,i wjf,dalkh lrhs' blaì;sj mia jk úo¾Ykd

ukilska ta isõ jk úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au

jYfhka wjf,dalkh lrhs'

4' kdu ima;lfha isjq jeks l%uh kï mrsmdá jYfhka ;%s,laIKh

kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^mrsmdáf;d&' fuh" by; 3 mrsos

fhda.djprhd tfldf<dia jeks úo¾Ykd ukilska" oi jeks

úo¾Ykd uki wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh lsrSu

olajd mj;ajd f.k hdu h'

5' kdu ima;lfha mia jeks l%uh oDIaá W;amdgkh ^neyer lsrSu&

i|yd ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu hs osÜGs W.a>dgkf;d&' fï i|yd

fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a" ta

wjia:dj, tys jQ úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka oDIaá -

úfYaIfhka wd;auhla we;ehs hk oDIaáh - u:kh lsrSu msKsi

wkd;au ix×jg oeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'

6' kdu ima;lfha yh jeks l%uh kï udkh neyer lsrSu i|yd ;%s,laIKh kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs udk W.a>dgkf;d&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a" ta wjia:dj, mej;s úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka udkh ÿre lsrSu i|yd wks;H ix×j flf¾ jeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'

7' kdu ima;lfha y;a jeks l%uh kï we,Su wjika lsrSu i|yd ;%s,laIKh kduhg fhdÞ .ekSu hs ^kslka;smrshdÞk&' ta i|yd fhda.djprhd by; wdldrhg rEmh fjkqfjka jQ 7 l%uh;a¦ ta wjia:dj, mej;s úo¾Ykd uki;a wjf,dalkh lrñka we,Su uev meje;aùu i|yd ÿ#L ix×j flfrys jeä wjOdrKhla fhduq lrhs'

rEmh i|yd jQ l%u 7 rEm ima;l& yd kdu i|yd jQ l%u y; wrEm ima;l& jeãu u.ska rEm yd kdu foj¾.hu Tng meyeos,s jkq we;'

fhda.djprhd ixLdr mqCoAchka ms<sn| oekqu j¾Okh lr .kafk fuf,ih' blaì;sj fya ixialdrhkaf.a Woh yd Nx.h ms<sn| oekqu jeãug W;aidy lrhs'

iuqoh OïudkqmiaiS

ixialdrhkaf.a Woh yd Nx.h ms<sn| oekqu fohdldrhl oekquls' m<uq jekak ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h laIK jYfhka ^LKf;da& oelSuh' fojekak ixialdrhkaf.a fya;= m%;H jYfhka W;amdoh yd ksfrdaOh mÉphf;da& oelSu hs' fï tla tlla h<s;a fldgia ;=klg fnfoa'

1' laIKsl W;amdoh" laIKsl Nx.h" laIKsl Woh yd Nx.h2' fya;= m%;H Woh" fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh" fya;= m%;H Woh yd ksfrdaOh

37 38

wdrïNhla yeáhg" ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h

iïu¾Ykh lrk flá l%uhla we;' fuh jeãu msKsi

fhda.djprhd m<uqj" kdurEmj, laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h"

m[apialkaOh" oajdoYdh;k" Od;= oy wg" p;=rd¾h i;Hh fyda

máÉp iuqmamdoh w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; ld, jYfhka yd

wNHka;r ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj fya fïjdys

laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tajdg ;%s,laIKh

fhdohs' fï flá l%uh ixialdrj, laIKsl W;amdoh yd ksfrdAOh

oelSu mokï fldg mj;S'

iúia;r l%uhg jeãu msKsi fhda.djprhd kdurEmhkaf.a

laIKsl W;amdoh yd Nx.h hk fol;a" m[apialkaO" oajdoYdh;k"

Od;= oy wg" p;=iai;Hh" fyda máÉp iuqmamdoh hk tajd;a fya;=

m%;H jYfhka W;amdoh yd Nx.h oelsh hq;=h'

m<uqj fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh yd ta

O¾uhkaf.a W;amdohg fya;= h<s h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

WÞyrKhla yeáhg rEm iïnkaOfhka máÉpiuqmamdo

l%uhg wkqj jq wjf,dalkh u.ska rEmhkaf.a fya;= m%;Hh W;amdoh

iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

1' wúoHdfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'

2' ;Kaydfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'

3' Wmdodkfha W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'

4' ixLdrj, W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'

5' l¾uhkaf.a W;amdoh l¾uc rEm W;amdoh isÿ lrhs'

blaì;s fya l¾uc rEmj, laIKsl W;amdoh iïu¾uYkh lrhs'

th ta rEmfha laIKsl W;amdohhs'

Tyq Ñ;a;c" W;=c" wdydrc hk wksla rEmj, fï fohdldr

W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

6' WÞyrK yeáhg fya Ñ;a;" Ñ;a;c rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrjk

nj iïu¾Ykh lrhs' wk;=re j fya Ñ;a;c rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl


7' fya >D;=" >D;=c ^W;=c& rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrk nj

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' miqj fya W;=c rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl W;amdoh

iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

8' fya wdydrh ^ćd& wdydrc rEmfha W;amdoh isÿ lrk nj

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' miqj fya wdydrc rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl


jhOïudkqmiaiS

fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh yd O¾uhkaf.a

fya;= m%;H W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ l," Tyq

O¾uhkaf.a Nx.h;a O¾uhkaf.a Nx.hg fya;=;a h<s h<s;a

wjf,dalkh lrhs jhOïudkqmiaiS&'

WÞyrK yeáhg rEm úIfhys oS rEmhkaf.a fya;= m%;H

ksfrdaOh máÉpiuqmamdo l%uhg wkqj olsñka(

1' wúoHdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"

2' ;DIaKdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"

3' Wmdodkfha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"

4' ixLdrhkaf.a ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs"

5' l¾ufha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrhs

hkqfjka olS'

blaì;sj fya l¾uc rEmhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh

lrhs' ta rEmfha yqÿ laIKsl Nx.hhs' wksl=;a Ñ;a;c" W;=c yd

wdydrc rEmhkaf.a fohdldr W;amdoho iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

6' Ñ;a; ksfrdaOh Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lr;shs

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl

ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

7' fya W;= ksfrdaOh W;=c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjk nj

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;s j W;=c rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl


8' fya wdydr ^ćd& ksfrdaOh wdydrc rEmhkaf.a cks; lrjk nj

39 40

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' blaì;sj wdydrc rEmhkaf.a yqÿ laIKsl


fï wdldrhg fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh oelSu hkq wkd.;fha

ks¾jdKh iïmQ¾K fldg .kakd wjia:dfõ fï O¾uj,

ksfrdaOh oelSuhs' fuh Tyq w¾y;a M,hg m;ajk cSú;fha

wjidkfha isÿ fõ'

fï wdldrhg Tyq rEmhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a fya;= m%;H

ksfrdaOh;a hk folu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fõ' blaì;sj

Tyqg kduO¾uhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh;a

oelSug we;'

iuqohjhOïudkqmiaiS

fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl ksfrdaOh;a" O¾uhkaf.a

fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh;a hk fol u iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jQ úg

O¾uhkaf.aa W;amdoh;a Nx.h;a hk folu tlg h<s h<s;a

wjf,dalkh lrhs' fuys O¾uhkaf.a laIKsl W;amdoh;a laIKsl

Nx.h;a" O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh;a fya;= m%;H Nx.h;a hk

folu wka;¾.; fõ iuqoh jhOïudkqmiaiS&'

rEm iïnkaOfhka my; oelafjk& oelau we;=<;ah'

1' wúoHdfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

wúoHdfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

wúoHdj wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'

2' ;Kaydfõ W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

;Kaydfõ ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

;Kaydj wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'

3' WmdÞkfha W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

WmdÞkfha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

WmdÞkh wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'

4' ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks;

lrjhs'

ixialdrhkaf.a ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks;

lrjhs'

ixialdr wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'

5' l¾ufha W;amdoh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

l¾ufha ksfrdaOh l¾uc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

l¾uh wks;Hhs' l¾uc rEmh wks;Hhs'

6' Ñ;a; Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

Ñ;a; ksfrdaOh Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

Ñ;a; wks;Hhs' Ñ;a;c rEmh wks;Hhs'

7' W;= W;=c rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

W;= ksfrdaOh W;=c rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

W;= wks;Hhs' W;=c rEmh wks;Hhs'

8' wdydr wdydrc rEmhkaf.a W;amdoh cks; lrjhs'

wdydr ksfrdaOh wdydrc rEmhkaf.a ksfrdaOh cks; lrjhs'

wdydr wks;Hhs' wdydrc rEmh wks;Hhs'

fhda.djprhd rEmfha laIKsl W;amdoh yd laIKsl

Nx.h;a" rEmfha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd fya;= m%;H Nx.h;a hk

folu okafka fï wdldrhgh' bkamiq Tyqg kdufha laIKsl

W;amdoh yd laIKsl Nx.h;a" kdufha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd fya;=

m%;H Nx.h;a oelSug we;'

fhda.djprhd fuf,i ialkaO mfya u W;amdoh yd Nx.h

oelSug iu;a úh hq;=h' fï oelau hkq iEu Ñ;a; laIKhla mdidu

mCoap ialkaOfha W;amdoh;a Nx.h;a oelSuhs' fuys" 'ù:s uq;a; Ñ;a;'

hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk máikaê Ñ;a;" Njx. Ñ;a; yd pq;s Ñ;a;

hk tajdys W;amdo yd Nx. wjia:dj, mej;s ialkaO mCoaplh

we;=<;a fõ' tys bkaøsh oajdr ù:s ifhys ljr fyda Ñ;a; laIKhl

mj;akd laIKsl m[ap ialkaOh o we;=<;a fõ'

Bg" fï cSú;fha Njfha& ialkaO mCoaplh my< lrùu l<

wúoHdj jeks w;S; Nj fya;= oelSu;a" wkd.;fha w¾y;a njg

41 42

m;aùu;a iu. wúoHdj wdosfha ksfrdaOh oelSu;a" bkamiqj ialkaO

mCoaplh ksreoaO lrjk mQ¾K ks¾jdKhla we;=<;a fõ'

mCoap ialkaOfha laIKsl W;amdoh yd laIKsl Nx.h;a"

mCoap ialkaOfha fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd Nx.h;a" mCoap ialkaOhg

wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a; hk ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ .ekSu;a fhda.djprhdg

iïu¾Ykh l< yelafla fï wdldrhgh' Tyq wNHka;r mCoap

ialkaOh;a" ndysr jQ mCoap ialkaOh;a w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;

mCoap ialkaOh;a fufia iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

mCoap ialkaOh iïnkaOfhka fufia lsrSug iu;a jQ miq

máÑpiuqmamdofha m<uq l%uh Ndú;hg .ksñkao th jeäh yel'

tysoS Tyq O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh iïu¾Ykh lrk úg Tyq

máÑpiuqmamdofha tla tla wx.hla wkqf,dau l%uhg iïu¾Ykh

lrhs'

fï wkqj fhda.djprhd fufia olshs' wúoHdj ixialdr

Wmojhs¦ ixialdr úCoaØKh Wmojhs¦ úCoa Kh kdu rEm Wmojhs

kdu rEm i<dh;k Wmojhss¦ i<dh;k Miai Wmojhss¦ Miai fõokd

Wmojhs¦ fõokd ;Kayd Wmojhss¦ ;Kayd WmdÞk Wmojhss¦ WmdÞk

Nj Wmojhss¦ Nj cd;s Wmojhss¦ cd;s crd urK fYdal mrsfoaj ÿlaL

^YdrSrsl fõokd& fÞukiai udkisl fõokd& yd Wmdhdi Wmojhs'

fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh

lrk l,ays máÑpiuqmamdofha tla tla wx.hla wkqf,dau l%uhg

iïu¾Ykh lrhs' ta wkqj fhda.djprhd fufia olshs(

wúoHdfõ ksrjfYaI ksfrdaOh iuÕska ixialdr ksfrdaOh fõ'

ixialdr ksfrdaOh iuÕska ú[aØK ksfrdaOh fõ'

ú[aØK ksfrdaOh iuÕska kdurEm ksfrdaOh fõ'

kdurEm ksfrdaOh iuÕska i<dh;k ksfrdaOh fõ'

i<hd;k ksfrdaOh iuÕska Miai ksfrdaOh fõ'

Ø s¦

Miai ksfrdaOh iuÕska fõokd ksfrdaOh fõ'

fõokd ksfrdaOh iuÕska ;Kayd ksfrdaOh fõ'

;Kayd ksfrdaOh iuÕska WmdÞk ksfrdaOh fõ'

WmdÞk ksfrdaOh iuÕska Nj ksfrdaOh fõ'

Nj ksfrdaOh iuÕska cd;s ksfrdaOh fõ'

cd;s ksfrdaOh iuÕska crd" urK" fidal" mrsfoaj" ÿlaL" fÞukiai"

Wmdhdi ksfrdaOh fõ'

fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.a CIKsl W;amdoh yd CIKsl

Nx.h;a" O¾uhkaf.a fya;= m%;H W;amdoh yd Nx.h;a iïu¾Ykh

lrk l,ays fya fuu l%u folu tlg fhdod .kshs' WÞyrK jYfhka

wúoHdj ms<sn|j fufia olshs'

1' wúoHdj ixialdr cks; lrjhs'

2' wúoHdfõ ksrjfYaI ksfrdaOh iuÕ ixialdr ksfrdaO fõ' wúoHdj

wks;Hh" ixialdr wks;H h' fï whqrska máÉpiuqmamdofha b;srs

wx. iïnkaOfhka o olshs'

fï wdldrhg Tyq wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhkao" w;S;" j¾;udk

yd wkd.; jYfhka o máÉpiuqmamdoh iïu¾Ykh lrhs'

fï jQl,S ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h ms<sn| ØKh jvk

wdldrh .ek b;d flá ye|skaùula muKs'

úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO Wmlaf,aY

fhda.djprhd fï l%u Ndú; lr;au Tyqf.a úo¾Ykdj

jvd;a Yla;su;a fjhs' ta wjia:dfõoSh úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO

Wmlaf,aY mek ke.sh yelsh'

oYúO Wmlaf,aY kï ( wdf,dalh" ØKh" miaioaê" mS;s" iqL"

ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" WfmlaLd yd kslka;sh' fï oyfhka ØKfha isg

WfmaCIdj olajd jq tajd l=Y, Ñ;a; ;;a;ajfhdah' tfyhska tajd

Wmlaf,aY fkd fõ' tfy;a fhda.djprhd tajdg we¿ï lrkafka kï

tajd wl=Y, ;;a;aj úh yel' fhda.djprhd úo¾Ykdfõ oYúO

43 44

Wmlaf,aYj,ska ljrla fyda w;a ú|skafka kï ta tl tlla wks;H"

ÿ#L" wkd;au jYfhka wjf,dalkh l< hq;=h' túg Tyq tajdg we¿ï

lrkafkla fkd fõ' fufia lsrSfuka ta Ñ;a; ;;a;ajhka iuÕ my<

úh yels we,au yd leue;a; wNsNjkh lsrSug;a m%.;shla w;alr

.ekSug;a iu;a fõ’

NÙ. ØKh

ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh yd Nx.h ms<n|j fhda.djprhdf.a

ØKh jevqKq miq tajdg w\< úo¾Ykdj wpm,h( msú;=reh' Bg miq

Tyqg Nx. ØKh jeãug we;' fï i|yd ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh

flfrys olajk wjOdkh keje;aúh hq;=h ixialdrhkaf.a

Nx.hg;a ksfrdaOhg;a wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h'

fuu wjia:dfõ o S ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdoh"

ixialdrhkaf.a ia:s;s ;;a;ajh" ;ks ;ks ixialdrhkaf.a i[aØ

fyda ixialdrhkaf.a W;amdo fya;= fkd olshs' Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd

ØKfha Yla;sh ixialdrhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh muKla olS'

ixialdrhkaaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lrñka fya

tajd wks;H jYfhka olS' ixialdrhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh

ìhlre jQjla yeáhg iïu¾Ykh lrñka fya tajd ÿ#L jYfhka olS'

ixialdrj, yrhla ke;s fia iïu¾Ykh lrñka tajd wkd;au

jYfhka olS'

fhda.djprhd ialkaO my w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.;

jYfhkq;a" wNHka;r ndysr hk fohdldrhg;a iïu¾Ykh lrñka

yd Nx.h iy ksfrdaOh muKla olsñka jrlg tl ne.ska

;%s,laIKh fhdod .kS'

fhda.djprhd rEmh wruqKla yeáhg f.k Nx.h oel th

wks;H nj olsk wjia:dfõ th wks;H nj okS' wruqfKa wks;H;dj

okakd fï ØKh úo¾Ykd ØKhhs lshkq ,efí'

fuu wjia:dfõoS fhda.djprhd ta úo¾Ykd ØKfha

Nx.h;a ksfrdaOh;a jrla iïu¾Ykh lrhs' tys f;areu kï fï

wjia:dfõ úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj m%.=K lrk w;r kdu yd rEm

iïu¾Ykh lrñka rEmh wdrïuKhla yeáhg .ekSuhs ta rEmfha

CIKsl Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh olS' úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H

yeáhg olS' blaì;sj Tyq ta úo¾Ykd ØKfha Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh

olS fojeks úo¾Ykd is;lska th wks;H yeáhg olS'

blaì;sj fya kduh wruqKla yeáhg .kS' ta kdufha

CIKsl Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh olS úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H

yeáhg olS' miqj ta úo¾Ykd ØKh Nx. jkq;a ksfrdaO jkq;a olS'

fojeks úo¾Ykd ØKfhka th wks;H yeáhg olS'

wk;=rej fya th h<s h<s;a lrhs' tfy;a fujr Nx.h yd

ksfrdaOh ÿlla yeáhg olS' bka miq Tyq th wkd;au yeáhg olsñka

h<s h<s;a lrhs' Tyq th wNHka;r yd ndysr" rEm yd wrEm ^kdu&"

m%;H O¾u yd M, O¾u" w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; jYfhka

udrefjka udrejg fï l%shdj h<s h<s;a lrhs'

fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg O¾uhkaf.a Nx.h yd ksfrdaOh

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu h<s h<s;a lrk l,ays" Tyqf.a úo¾Ykd ØKh

b;srs úo¾Ykd ØK w;rska j¾Okh fõ' tkï( ixialdr flfrys

ìh kï jQ ØKh ^Nh ØK&" ixialdrj, wk;=r ms<sn| ØKh

^wdoSkj ØK&" ixialdrhkaf.a úrd.h ms<sn| ØKh úrd. ØK&"

ixialdrhkaf.ka fjkaùu ms<sn| ØKh ^ksíìÞ ØK&

ixialdrhkaf.ka ñoSug we;s leue;a; ms<sn| ØKh

ûq[aÑ;=luH;d ØK&" ixialdrhka fufkys lsrSu ms<sn| ØKh

^máixLd ØK& yd ixialdr flfrys WfmaCIdfjka isàu ms<sn|

[dKh ixLdrefmlaLd& hk tajd h'

bkamiq fhda.djprhd O¾uhkaf.ka ñoSfï leue;af;ka

tajdfha Nx.h yd kssfrdaOh iïu¾Ykh lsrSu fkd lvjd lr;au"

45 46

wjidkfha ixialdr ksfrdaO jk nj;a ;u is; wixL; ks¾jdKh

wruqKla yeáhg .kakd nj;a olS'

fhda.djprhd bka miqj p;=rd¾h i;Hh ms<sn| ksjeros

ØKh ,enqjd fukau ;ud u ks¾jdKh wjfndaO fldg .;a;d kï

jkafka h' fï h:djfndaOh;a iuÕ Tyqf.a uki msú;=re fõ' idjoH

oDIaá j,ska úks¾uqla; fõ' fï wdldrhg fkdlvjd lrhs kï

w¾y;a Ndjh ,eÇug;a wjidkfha mßks¾jdKh ,eÇug;a Tyqg

yelsfõ'

úo¾Ykdj jeãu ms<sn| úia;r l< yels ;j;a fndfyda

lreKq we;' tfy;a" fï igyk yels ;dla flá lsrSug yels jk

whqrska tajd mfil ;eîug wmg isÿ úh' fyd| u l%uh kï m<mqreÿ

.=rejrhl= yd Ndjkd jevigykla wdrïN lsrSu u.ska m%.=K lsrSug

bf.kSuhs'

wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd l%uh

wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj nqÿka jykafia úiska uyd i;smÜGdk

iQ;%fha oS W.kajd jÞrk ,oS' Wkajykafia fufia jod<y(

—uyfKks" fï Ydikfhys NslaIqjla wdrKH .; jQfha fyda rela

uq,lg .sfha fyda ysia ksjilg .sfha fyda trñKsh f.d;d ys|

.kshs; lh >Dcqj ;nhs¦ i;sh Ndjkd wruqKl msysgqjhs¦ isysfhka

hq;=ju yqiau .kS¦ isysfhka hq;=ju yqiau msg lrhs˜

1' os.= yqiaula .ksñka zuu os.= yqiaula .ksñZ hs okshs' os.= yqiaula

msg lrñka zuu os.= yqiaula msg lrñZ hs oksshs'

2' flá yqiaula .ksñka zuu flá yqiaula .ksñZ hs oksshs' flá

yqiaula msg lrñka zuu flá yqiaula msg lrñZ hs okshs'

3' uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka ^m%lg fldg olsñka& zuu yqiau

.ksñZ hs yslafuhs¦ uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka zuu yqiau msg

lrñZ hs yslafuhs'

4' ldh ixialdr yqiau /,s& ixis÷jñka zuu yqiau .ksñZ hs yslafuhs'

ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka zuu yqiau msg lrñZ hs fufia

yslafuhs'

Ndjkd lsrSu weröu msKsi myiq brshõjlska jdä fjkak'

kdia mqvq ;=<ska yqiau we;=¿ jk whqre;a isrefrka msgjk whqre;a

wjOdkfhka ne,Sug W;aidy .kak' th kdihg lsÜgqju my;ska

fyda kdiamqvq wi< lsishï ;ekl oek.ekaug Tn iu;a úh hq;= h'

yqiau /,a, Tiafia YrSrh ;=< fyda YrSrfhka msg; hdu fkd

lrkak; yqfola yqiau /,a, .efgk ;ek yd jefok ;ek - Wvq

f;d, u; fyda kdia mqvq wi< - wjOdkfhka hq;=j n,kak' boska Tn

yqiau /,a, we;=<g;a msg;g;a hkq n,kafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh

mrsmQ¾K lr .ekSug Tn iu;a fkd jkafkysh' tfy;a Tn yqiau

/,a, jvd;a meyeos,sj .efgk - jefok - ;ek .ek fiú,af,a

isákafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh jvd .ekSug;a mrsmQ¾K lr

.ekSug;a Tn iu;a jkafkys h¡

Tn iNdj ,laLK" iduCoa[ ,laLK fyda ksñ;af;a j¾Kh

fyda foi wjOdkh fhduq fkd l< hq;=h' iNdj ,laLK hkq yqiau

/,af,a Od;= i;f¾ we;s iajdNdúl ,laIK h' tkï ;o nj" r¿ nj"

je.sfrk nj" WIaK nj yd ;,a,q lrk ^f;rmk& nj wdosh h'

iu[aØ ,laLK kï yqiau /,af,a wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk

,laIK hs' fuys woyi kï" —we;=<" msg;" wks;Hhs˜ fyda —we;=<"

msg;" ÿ#Lhs˜ fyda —we;=<" msg;" wkd;auhs˜ hkqfjka ie,ls,a,g

fkd .; hq;= nj hs'

wdYajdih yd m%Yajdih ixl,amhla yeáhg yqÿ wjOdkfhka

hq;=j n,kak' yqiau /,a, ms<n| ixl,amh wdkdmdki;sfhys

ksñ;a;h' iudêh jeãu msKsi Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;af;a

fï ixl,amhgh' fï whqrska Tnf.a wjOdkh yqiau /,af,a

ixl,amhg fhduq lr;au" Tn fmr Njfha fï Ndjkdj m%.=K lr

;sî we;akï yd mdró iuyrla mqrd we;akï wdYajdi m%Yajdih

ms<sn| iudêh myiqfjka jeãug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'

47 48

boska Tnf.a is; wdYajdi m%Yajdi ms<sn|j myiqfjka

iudê.; fkd jkafka kï yqiau /,s .Kka lsrSu wdrïN lrk

f,i úY=oaêud¾.h fmkajd fohs' fuh iudêh jeãug Tng Wmldr

fjhs' tla tla yqiau /,a,la wjidkfha Tn fufia .Kka l< hq;=h'

—we;=<" msg" tlhs¦ we;=<" msg" folhss¦ we;=<" msg" ;=khs¦ we;=<" msg"

y;rhss¦ we;=<" msg" myhs¦ we;=<" msg" yhhss¦ we;=<" msg" y;hs¦ we;=<"

msg" wghs˜

Tn hg;a msrsfihska my olajd .Kka l< hq;=h' oyhg jvd

o .Kka fkd l< hq;=h' wg olajd .Kka lsrSug wms Tn osrs.kajuq'

ula ksid o h;a th wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h Tng isysm;a lrjk

fyhsks' Tn W;aidy .ksñka isákqfha thhs' ta wkqj Tn leu;s mrsos

mfya isg oyh olajd w;r ´kEu ixLHdjla olajd .Kka lrkak'

tfiau fï ld, iSudj ;=< Tnf.a is; fjkw;l hkakg bv fkd

fok njg Tn is;ska wêIaGdk lr .; hq;=h' yqfola yqiau /,a,

ms<sn|j ixiqka wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu wjYHh' fufia Tn .Kka

lrk úg Tnf.a is; iudê .; lsrSug;a yqiau /,a, ms<sn|j yqÿ

ixiqka wjOdkh fhduq lsrSug;a Tng yels nj fmkS hkq we;'

fï wdldrhg hg;a msrsfihska meh nd.hlg j;a is;

iudê.; lsrSug Tng yels jQ úg B <Õ woshrg Tn t<ôh hq;=h'

tkï(

1' oS¾> f,i wdYajdi lrñka Tyq —uu oS¾> f,i wdYajdi lrñ˜hs

okshs' oS¾> f,i m%Yajdi lrñka Tyq —uu oS¾> f,i m%Yajdi

lrñ˜hs okshs'

2' flá f,i wdYajdi lrñka Tyq —uu flá f,i wdYajdi lrñ˜hs

okshs' flá f,i m%Yajdi lrñka Tyq —uu flá f,i m%Yajdi

lrñ˜hs okshs'

fuu wjia:dfõ oS Tn wdYajdi m%Yajdi oS¾> o flá o hkqfjka

jQ iïm%ckHh oshqKq lr .; hq;=h' fuys os. yd fldg hkq wä

wÕ,a hk os. fkdj wÞ< fõ,dfõ os. h' th ld, mrdih hs'

l=uk ld,hla —os.— yeáhg i,lkjd o l=uk ld,hla —fldg˜

yeáhg i,lkjdo hkak Tnu ;SrKh l< hq;=h' tla tla

wdYajdi m%Yajdihl ld,h fldmuKo hkak ms<sn|j

fidaosisfhka isákak' iuyr wjia:dj, yqiau /,a, ld,

jYfhka os. nj;a" iuyr wjia:dj, flá nj;a Tng jegfykq

we;' fï wjia:dfõ Tn l< hq;= tlu foa yqfola fuh oek

.ekSu muKs' —we;=<g" msgg os.hs" we;=<g msgg fldghs˜

hkqfjka isyshg fkd .; hq;=h' yqfola —we;=<g" msgg˜

hkqfjka n,kak; yqfola yqiau os.o fláo hkak muKla

ie,ls,a,g .kak' yqiau /,a, Wvq f;df,a fyda kdia mqvqfõ .eà

isrer ;=<g hdu yd isrefrka msgùfï ld,fha os. m%udKh

ms<sn| yqÿ wjOdkfhka Tn th o; hq;=h'

iuyr fhda.djprkhg fï wjia:dfõ ksñ;a; îudê

ix×j& my< úh yel' boska Tng fuh mehla muK ixiqkaj

l< yels kï yd ksñ;a; my< fkdjQfha kï B<Õ woshrg hd

hq;=h’

3' —uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka ^m%lg fldg olsñka& uu wdYajdi

lrñ˜hs fya yslafuhs' —uq¿ yqiau /,a, w;a olsñka m%lg fldg

olsñka& uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜hs fya yslafuhs'

fuys oS nqÿka jykafia uq, isg w. olajd iuia; yqiau /,a,

wLKavj idjOdkfhka n,k f,ig Tjd fok fial' fuf,i

uq, isg w. olajd yqiau /,a, wLKavj idjOdkfhka ne,Sug

Tnf.a uki mqyqKq lrñka isáhoS ksñ;a; îudê ix×j& my<

úh yel' bosska ksñ;a; my< fõ kï Tnf.a wjOdkh jyd Bg

fkd yerúh hq;=h' yqiau flf¾ wjOdkh fkd lvjd fhduq l<

hq;=h'

bosska Tn uq, isg w. olajd yqiau ms<sn|j Ydka; j mehla muK

wLKav f,i wjOdkfhka isákafkys kï yd ksñ;a; my<

fkd jkafka kï Tn B<Õ woshrg hd hq;=h’

4' —ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka uu wdYajdi lrñ˜ hs fya yslafuhs'

—ldh ixialdr ixis÷jñka uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜ hs fya yslafuhs’

49 50

fuh lsrSu msKsi yqiau /,a, Ydka; ùug ie,eiaúh hq;=

hhso" uq, isg w. olajd yqiau .ek ksrka;r wjOdkfhka hq;=j isáh

hq;= hhso Tn ;SrKh l< hq;=h' yqiau /,a, Ydka; lsrSu yer

fjk;a jeä hula fkd l< hq;=h' ula ksido h;a Tn tfia l<fyd;a

Tnf.a iudêh lefvk nj;a" .s,sfyk nj;a Tng fmfkk fyhsks'

yqiau /,a, Ydka; lsrSug m%udKj;a hhs úY=oaêud¾.fha oelafjk

l%u y;rls (^úY=u'iiv175&' tajd kï wdfNd." iukakdydr" ukisldr

yd ùuxid' ^fufkys lsrSu" ukig f.k tau" is; fhduq lsrSu yd

;SrKh lsrSu& h' Tn fï wjia:dfõ l< hq;= tl u foa yqiau /,a,

Ydka; lsrSug ;SrKh lsrSu yd yqiau ms<sn|j ksrka;r wjOdkfhka

hq;= ùuh' fufia fuh m%.=K lsrSfuka yqiaau jvd;a Ydka; njg m;a

jk w;r ksñ;a; o my< úh yel'

ksñ;a; my< ùug Tkak fukak lshd ;sîhoS fndfyda

fhda.djprfhda .eg,qj,g uqyqK fo;s' fndfyda úg yqiau w;sYhskau

iQlaIu ùu fya;=fjka Tjqkaf.a is;g th wmeyeos,s fjhs' fuh Tng

isÿjqjfyd;a wka;sug yqiau ÿgq ;ek wjOdkh ;eìh hq;= w;r th

wfmalaIdfjka tys /|s isáh hq;=h¡

Tn yqiau fkd .kakd wfhl= fkd jk nj fufkys l< hq;=

h' Tn yqiau .ksñka isákafkysh' tfy;a Tnf.a i;sh yqiau /,a,

ms<sn| wjOdkfhka isàug ;rï Yla;su;a ke;' u< ;eke;a;d" l=i

;=< isák orejd" osfha .s,qKq ;eke;a;d" uQ¾cd jQ ;eke;a;d" p;=¾:

OHdkfha isák ;eke;a;d" ksfrdaO iudm;a;shg iu jeÿKq

;eke;a;d" ^ú[aØKh" ufkdauh ;;a;aj" Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm

hk fïjd ;djld,slj w;aysg jkq ,enQ ;;a;ajhls&" n%yauhd hk fï

i;a fokd muKla yqiau fkd .ks;s' Tn thska tla wfhl=

fkdjkafkysh' tneúka Tn yqiau .ksñka isákafkysh' tfy;a ta

ms<sn|j wjOdkfhka isàug ;rï i;sfhka iukaú;

fkdjkafkysh'

yqiau rgdj& fjkia lsrSug fyda jvd;a m%lg lsrSug W;aidy

fkd lrkak' Tn tfia lrkafkys kï Tfí iudêh fkd jefvhs'

mj;akd wdldrhgu yqiau flf¾ wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' th Tng

meyeos,s fkdue;af;a kï Tn th wjika jrg ÿgq ;ek th

wfmaCIdfjka /|S isákak' Tnf.a i;sh yd ØKh fï wdldrhg

fhdojk úg yqiau h<s;a m%lg jk nj Tng fmfkkq we;'

wdkdmdki;sh jeãu u.ska cks; jk ksñ;a; m%lg ùu

iEu mqoa.,hdg u tl u ^wdldrhg& fkd fõ' mqoa.,hdg wkqj

fjkia fõ' iuyrekg th m%ikak yeÕSula fia m%lg fõ(

1' lmq mq¿ka ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&

2' ms<sfh, l< mq¿ka ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&

3' yUd hk jd;h fyda iq<x /,a,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a;&

4' WÞ ;rej" isl=re ;rej jka jQ oSma;su;a wdf,dalh ^W.a.y

ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

5' oSma;su;a moaurd.hla fyda udKslHhla ^máNd. ksñ;a;&

6' oSma;su;a uq;= weghla ^máNd. ksñ;a;&

we;eful=g th r¿ yeÕSula f,i m%lg fõ(

7' lmq .il kdráhla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

8' ;shqKq l< ,S lene,a,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

9' os. ,Kqjla fyda kQ,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

10' u,a jvula ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

11' ÿï myrla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

12' úysÿKq ul=¿ oe,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

13' j<d mg,hla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

14' fk¿ï u,la ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

15' r: frdaohla ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

16' pkaø ìïnh ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

17' iQ¾h ìïnh ^W.a.y ksñ;a; yd máNd. ksñ;a;&

fndfyda wjia:dj, oS W.a.y ksñ;a; jkafka lmq mq¿ka

fuka msú;=re iqÿ mdgls' ula ksid o h;a idudkHfhka W.a.y

ksñ;a; meyeos,s yd oSma;su;a ke;' ksñ;a; WÞ ;rejla fuka

oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s fõo" th máNd. ksñ;a; fõ' ksñ;a; moau

rd.hla fuka ueKslla fuka fõo" oSma;su;a fkd fõo" th W.a.y

51 52

ksñ;a;h' th oSma;su;a yd nn,k úg máNd. ksñ;a;h' b;srs yev yd

j¾K fï yd iudk wdldrfhka jgyd .; hq;=h'

ksñ;a; úúO whg úúO iajrEmj,ska m%lg fõ' ula ksid o

h;a th ix× u.ska my< lrjk fyhsks' ksñ;a; my< ùug m%:u

úúO fhda.djprhkaf.a ix× fjki" úúOdldr ksñ;s my< lrjhs'

wdkdmdk i;sh tla Ndjkd wruqKla muKla jqj o mqoa.,hdg wkqj

úúOdldr ksñ;s my< l< yel'

Tn fuu wjia:djg <Õd jQ úg ta ksñ;a; iuÕ fi,a,ï

fkd lsrSu jeo.;a h' th Tn flfrka neyer hdug bv fkd

;nkak' tys yevh yd iajrEmh ys;du;d fjkia lsrSug fkd hkak'

Tn th lrkafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh ;j ÿrg;a fkd jefâ' Tfí

m%.;sh bka kj;S' Tfí ksñ;a; w;=reoyka ùug bv we;' tneúka

fuu wjia:dfõ Tnf.a ksñ;a; m<uq jrg m%lg jk úg Tnf.a

iudêh yqiau /,af,ka ksñ;a;g udre fkd lrkak' Tn tfia

l<fyd;a th w;=reoyka jk nj Tng fmfka'

boska ksñ;a; ia:djr nj yd Tnf.a uki bfíu ta u;

msysgd ;yjqre ù we;s nj Tng fmfka kï túg Tnf.a uki tysu

;sfnkakg bv yrskak' Tnf.a uki bka msg;g taug n,

lrkafkys kï Tnf.a iudêh we;eï úg ke;s ù hd yel'

Tnf.a ksñ;a; Tn bosrsfha wE;ska m%lg jkafka kï Bg

Tnf.a wjOdkh fhduq fkd lrkak' iuyr úg th w;=reoyka úh

yels fyhsks' Tn Bg wjOdkh fhduq fkd lrkafkys kï yd yqfola

yqiau /,a, .efgk ;ek yqiau ms<sn|j is; iudê.; lsrSu fkd

lvjd lrf.k hkafkys kï ksñ;a; wdmiq meñfKk nj;a tu

ia:dkfha th kj;sk nj;a fmfkkq we;'

boska Tnf.a ksñ;a; meñK yqiau /,a, .efgk - josk -

;ek m%lg fõ o" ksñ;a; ksYap,j mj;sñka th yqiau /,a, fuka osia

fõ o" yqiau /,a, meñfKñka th ksñ;a; fuka osiafõ o túg Tng

yqiau /,a, wu;l l< yel' yqfola ksñ;a; flf¾ muKla

wjosfhka n,kak' fï wdldrhg Tnf.a wjOdkh yqiau /,af,ka

ksñ;a;g udre lsrSu u.ska Tng ;j ÿrg;a m%.;shla ,eìh yel'

ksñ;a; u; Tnf.a is; ;nd f.k isá;a u th iqfodaiqÿ jk nj Tng

fmfkkq we;' th lmq mq¿kla fuka iqÿ jka l,ays th W.a.y

ksñ;a; h'

Tnf.a uki ´Þ; îqÿ& W.a.y ksñ;a; u; mehla" folla"

;=kla wdoS jYfhka ksi,j iudê.;j jvd .ekSug Tn wêIaGdk

lr .; hq;=h' Tnf.a uki W.a.y ksñ;a; u; mehla folla ksi,j

;nd .ekSug Tng yels kï th meyeos,s oSma;su;a yd m%Ndiajr tlla

jk neõ Tng fmfkkq we;' túg th máNd. ksñ;a; hkqfjka

y÷kajkq ,efí' fï wjia:dfõ oS Tnf.a uki máNd. ksñ;a; u;

mehla" folla fyda ;=kla ;nd .ekSug Tn iksgqyka lr .; hq;=h'

m%.=K l< hq;=h' fuys Tn ksmqK jk f;la m%.=K lrkak'

fñ wjia:dfõ oS Tn Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêhg <Õd

jkafkysh' Wmpdr iudêh hkq OHdkhg wdikak yd mq¾j.dó

iudêhhs' w¾mKd iudêh hkq OHdk iudêhhs'

fï iudê foj¾.hu máNd. ksñ;a; tajdfha wruqK

yeáhg f.k mj;S' ta foflys fjki kï Wmpdr iudêfhaoS

OHdkdx. tys Wmrsuhg uq¿ukskau jeã ke;' fï fya;=j ksid

Wmpdr iudêh ;=< oS Njx. Ñ;a; wjia:d ;ju;a mj;S' tksidu

flfkl= Njx.hg jeàug mq¿jk' fuh w;aolsk fhda.djprhd

ish,a, kej;sKehs lshhs' ke;fyd;a fuh ksjk lshd jqj o is;kq

we;' i;H jYfhka kï Njx. Ñ;a; ;;a;aj fï wjia:dfõ mj;S'

uki kej;S ke;' tfy;a fhda.djprhdg fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

;rï l=i,;djla ke;' fï Njx. is;aj, iQlaIu;dj ksidh'

Njx.hg weo jeàu je<elaùu msKsi yd Ndjkdfõ bÈßhg

hdu msKsi Tng ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" iudê yd m[aØ hk m[ap

n,hkaf.a wdOdrh wjYHh' máNd. ksñ;a; foig uki ;,a,q

53 54

lsrSug;a ta u; /|ùug;a tAjd wjYHh' h<s h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a;

oek.ekSug uki iEoSug ù¾hh .efka¦ máNd. ksñ;a; wu;l

fkd lsrSug i;sh .efka¦ máNd. ksñ;a; oek .ekSug m%×j .efka'

m[ap bkaøsh n, iunr lsrSu

fï m[ap bkaøsh kï uki md,kh lrk" ks¾jdKd.dó

iu: - úmiaikd ud¾.fhka msg; is; bnd.df;a hdu j<lajk n,

myls'

fï my w;r Y%oaOdj hkq f;rejka" l¾uh yd tys úmdl wdoS

weoysh hq;= foa ms<sn| úYajdih hs' nqÿka jykafiaf.a nqoaO;ajh

ms<sn| úYajdih b;d jeo.;ah' ulaksido h;a" mqoa.,fhl=g tjeks

úYajdihla fkdue;af;a kï Ndjkd lD;Hfhka Tyq miqnisk

neúks' i;r u." i;r M," ks¾jdKh yd O¾uh hk wx. oyhlska

iukaú; jQ nqÿka joy< oyu úYajdi lsrSu jeo.;ah' nqÿka

jykafiaf.a b.ekaùï Ndjkd m%.=K l< hq;= ud¾.h wmg lshd fohs'

tfyhska fï wjia:dfõ ta b.ekaùu ms<sn| mQ¾K úYajdih ;sîu

jeo.;a h'

—wdYajdi m%Yajdi ms<sn| yqÿ mrSlaId lsrSula u.ska we;a;

jYfhkau OHdkhg iujeosh yels o@ iqÿ lmq mq¿ka jeks ksñ;a;la

W.a.y ksñ;a;ls" whsia l=Üáhla fyda ùÿre jeks ksñ;a;la máNd.

ksñ;a;ls wdoS jYfhka lshd we;s foa we;a;gu i;H o@˜ fï

wdldrfha is;=ú,s n,j;a jQ úg th —fï hq.fha OHdk ,eìh fkd

yel˜ jeks úYajdihlska fl<jr fjhs' bkamiq ta úYajdih fya;=

fldg f.k mqoa.,hd O¾uh flfrys we;s Y%oaOdfjka msrsfyhs'

jqmiuh w;yer oeófuka j<lajd ,Sfï Yla;sh Tyqg fkdue;s fõ'

fï wkqj wdkdmdki;sh jeks Ndjkd l¾uia:dkhla

iys;j iudêh jvk mqoa.,fhl=g Yla;su;a Y%oaOdjla wjYHh'

iïud iïnqÿ rcdKka jykafiaf.a Wmfoia l%udkql+,j ms<smoskafka

kï lsisÿ ielhla fkdue;sj OHdk ,eìh yelaflah hk is;lska

wdkdmdki;sh jeäh hq;=h

flfia fj;;a mqoa.,fhl= Tyq Y%oaOdj ;eìh hq;= wruqK

flfrys iSud;sl%dka; f,i Y%oaOdjla uqod yrskafka kï - fuysoS

wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq jkafka wdkdmdki;s Ndjkd wruqKgh -

túg Y%oaOdfõ ld¾hh jQ wdrïuKh .ek f;areï fíreï lr

.ekSfï iSudj blaujd .sh fyhska" Øk Yla;sh wmeyeos,s jkq we;'

ù¾h" i;s yd iudê hk bkaøsh o ÿ¾j, jkafka h' túg ta

wjia:dfõ ù¾h bkaøsh" wksl=;a wkqnkaë wx. máNd. ksñ;a;

wruqK lrd Tijd ;eîfï ;u ld¾hh bgq lsrSug;a" tajd miqnEu

je<elaùug;a iu;a fkd fõ' i;sh máNd. ksñ;a; ms<sn| oekqu

ia:dms; lsrSfï ld¾hh bgq lsrSug iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a;

yer fjk;a wruqKlg uki hdu keje;aùfï ish ld¾hh bgq

lsrSug iudê bkaøsh iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a; úksúo oelSfï

ish ld¾hh bgqlsrSug m%× bkaøsh iu;a fkd fõ' máNd. ksñ;a;

jgyd .ekSug yd Y%oaOdj mj;ajd f.k hdu msKsi iydh ùug

m%×fõ wiu;a nj fya;=fjka Y%oaOd bkaøsh msrsySug u. mdohs'

boska úrsh bkaøsh b;d m%n, kï" ioaOd" i;s" iudê yd m%×

hk wfkla bkaøsh tajdg wÞ< ld¾hhka jk ;SrK lsrSu" ia:dms;

lsrSu" is; úlaIsma; lsrsu je<elaùu yd úksúo oelSu hk tajd bgq

lsrSug wiu;a fjhs' fufia wêl ù¾hh máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK

u; is; Wmiuj iudê.;j fkd isàug fya;= ldrl fjhs' miaioaê"

iudê yd WfmlaLd hk fndcaCOx. wm%udKj;a f,i ke.S isàug

fya;= fjhs' ta wdldrhgu iudê yd m%× hk bkaøsh wêl jQ l,ays

ydkslr m%;sM, cks; lrjk nj f;areï .; hq;=h'

m%{dj iuÕ Y%oaOdj;a" iudêh iuÕ ù¾hh;a

iunr lsrSu m%d{hka úiska j¾Kkd lrkq ,efí' WÞyrKhla

yeáhg Y%oaOdj Yla;su;a kï yd m%{dj ÿ¾j, kï túg Y%oaOdj

jefvhs' idrhla ke;s m%fhdackhla ke;s wruqKq flfrys Y%oaOdj yd

f.!rjh jefvhss' WÞyrK f,i Tjqyq f:rjdo nqoaOd.ug msáka we;s

wfkl=;a wd.ï u.ska .re lrk yd j|sk mqok jia;= flfrys

Y%oaOdj;a je÷ï msÿuq;a jeä lr .ks;s' WÞyrK yeáhg nqreufha

55 56

wdrlaIl N=;d;au (Guardian spirits) fyda wdrCIl foaj;djqka

oelaúh yel’

wfkla w;g" boska m%×j Yla;su;a kï yd Y%oaOdj ÿ¾j,

kï mqoa.,hd fnfyúka lmá ;eke;af;l= ùug mq¿jk' ;uka

m%.=K fkd lrñka tfy;a wkHhka úksYaphka lrñka yd ;lafiare

lrñka Tjqyq ld,h .; lr;s' wêl T!IOj,ska yg.;a frda.hla

fuka Tjqka iqj lr .ekSu ÿIalrh'

boska Y%oaOdj yd m%×j iu nr kï mqoa.,hd Y%oaOdj oelaúh

hq;= jia;=ka flfrys Y%oaOdj ;nd .kS' Tjqyq ;%súO r;akh" l¾u yd

tys úmdl .ek úYajdi lr;s' nqÿka jykafiaf.a Wmfoia wkqj

;ukau m%.=K l<fyd;a máNd. ksñ;a; yd OHdk ,nd .ekSug

iu;a jk nj Tjqyq úYajdi lr;s' boska fï wdldrhg Y%oaOdjka;j

m%.=K l<fyd;a yd m%×jka;j máNd. ksñ;a; iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

iu;a jqjfyd;a ta wjia:dfõ Y%oaOdj yd m%×j iu;=,s; jkafkah'

;jo" iudêh Yla;su;a kï yd ù¾hh ÿ¾j, kï ÓkñoaOh

cks; lsrSug iudêfha we;s m%jK;dj fya;=fjka ÓkñoaOh úiska is;

wNsNjkh flfrkq we;' boska ù¾hh Yla;su;a kï yd iudêh ÿ¾j,

kï WoaOÉph cks; lsrSug ù¾hhg we;s m%jK;dj fya;=fjka

WoaOÉph úiska uki wNsNjkh flfrkq we;' tfyhska iudêh yd

ù¾hh iunr jQ l,ays mqoa.,fhla ÓkñoaOhg fyda WoaOÉphg fkd

jefÜ' OHdkhg <Õd ùug yels fõ'

mqoa.,fhl= iu: wdrïuKhla jeãug leue;af;a kï b;d

Yla;su;a Y%oaOdjla ;sîu w;HjYHh' boska mqoa.,fhla —uu máNd.

ksñ;a; u; iudêh jvkafka kï ug ksielj u OHdkh ,eîug

mq¿jk˜ hs is;hs kï" ta úYajdifha n,fhka yd máNd. ksñ;a; u;

iudêh jeãu u.ska Tyq i;a;lskau OHdk ,nhs' OHdkh uQ,sl

jYfhka u iudêh u; mokï jk fyhsks'

úmiaikd jvk mqoa.,fhl=g m%×j Yla;su;a ùu wjYHh'

ula ksid o h;a m%×j n,j;a jQ úg ;%s,laIKh ;shqKqj ±lSug;a

;%s,laIKh wjfndaO lrk Økh ,nd .ekSug;a iu;a jk fyhsks’

iudêh yd m%{dj my< jQ úg f,!lsl OHdk my< úh yel'

iu:h yd úo¾Ykdj fol u tlg jeãug nqÿka jykafia W.kajd

jod< fyhska f,daflda;a;r OHdk iudêh yd m%{j iunr jQ úg

muKla my< úh yels hs’

Y%oaOdj m%{dj iu.;a" iudêh ù¾hh iu.;a" iudêh m%{dj

iu.;a iunr lsrSï jia i;sh ieu úg u wjYH h' ljr

jd;djrKhla hgf;a jqj o i;sh wNsu; h' ula ksid o h;a i;sh"

Y%oaOdfõ" ù¾hfha yd m%{dfõ wêl ùu fya;=fjka WoaOÉphg

jeàfuka is; wdrCId lrk fyhsks' tfiau i;sh" iudêfha wêl

ùu fya;=fjka is; w,i njg jeàfuka o j<ld,hs'

fï wkqj" ish,q wjia:dj,§" ish,q jHxck ,qKq u.ska ri

.kajkq fuka" rcqf.a ish,q lghq;=j, oS w.%dud;Hjrhd isák fuka"

i;sh w;HjYH h' tneúka" w;S; wgqjdj, ´kE u Ndjkd

lghq;a;l oS i;sh yeu úg u w;HjYHh hs nqÿka jykafia jod<

fialehs W.kajkq ,en ;sfí' ta l=ula ksid o@ i;sh hkq Ndjkd

ukig /ljrKhls" wdrlaIdjls' ;ju;a <x fkd jQ fyda fkd o;a

úfYaI yd fYa%IaG ;;a;ajhkag meñKSug th iydh jk fyhska i;sh

/ljrKhls' i;sh fkdue;s j lsisÿ úfYaI fyda w;súfYaI

;;a;ajj,g meñKSug is; wiu;a h' i;sh uki wdrlaId lrhs'

Ndjkd wruqK hgm;a jkakg fkd oS ;nd .kshs' Ndjkd wruqK;a

fhda.djprhdf.a uki;a wdrlaId lrñka isák n,h f,i" úo¾Ykd

{dkfhka th ±lsh yels flfkl=g i;sh fmfkkqfha tfyhsks'

i;sh fkdue;s j uki Wiaid ;eîug;a th ixjr lr.ekSug;a

mqoa.,hd wiu;a fjhs' th iEu ;ekaysu m%fhdackj;a fj;ehs nqÿka

jykafia jodrd we;af;a tfyhsks' Vsm.IV.48. uydàld 1.150-154&

ima; fndcaCOx. iunr lsrSu

wdkdmdki;sh fhdod .ksñka ima; fndcaCOx. iunr

lsrSu o jeo.;a h'

1' i;s iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; isysm;a lrk yd h<s

h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrk i;sh hs'

57 58

2' Oïuúph iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; úksúo okaakd

{dkh hs'

3' úrsh iïfndcaCOx.h hkq ish,q iïfndaê wx." úfYaIfhka u

Oñuúph iy úßh iïfndcaCOx." tla ;eka fldg máNd.

ksñ;a; u; iunr lsrSfï ù¾hh hs'

4' mS;s iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; w;a ú|Su;aa iu. we;s

jk isf;a m%S;sh hs'

5' miaioaê iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; ;u wruqK

yeáhg .kakd Ñ;a; fÉ;isl O¾uj, ixiqka njhs'

6' iudê iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; flfrys isf;a

tald.%;dj hs'

7' WfmlaLd iïfndcaCOx.h hkq máNd. ksñ;a; ksid is; úlaIsma;

;;a;ajhgo m;a fkdjk" bka neyer o fkdjk" isf;a iu njhs'

fhda.djprhd fï ima; fndcaCOx. jeäh hq;= o iu nr lr

.; hq;= o fõ' boska ù¾hh uo jkafka kï fhda.djprhdf.a uki

Ndjkd wruqK flfrka - fuys§ máNd. ksñ;a; neyer fõ' tu

wjia:dfõ miaioaê" iudê yd WfmlaLd hk fndcACOx. ;=k fkd

jeäh hq;= h' ta fjkqjg Oïuúph" úrsh yd mS;s iïfndcaCOx.

jeäh hq;= h' fuu.ska h<s uki Tijd ;efí'

wêl ù¾hh we;s jQ úg uki fkdixiqka ^WoaOÉp& fõ"

fjk;lg fhduq fõ' ta wjia:dfõ Oïuúph" úrsh yd mS;s hk

fndcaCOx. ;=k fkd jeäh hq;= h' ta fjkqjg miaioaê" iudê yd

WfmlaLd hk fndcaCOx. ;=k jeäh hq;= h' fuu.ska WoaOÉp jQ yd

fjk;l .sh uki h<s;a ixjr fõ¦ Ydka; njg m;a fõ'

mCoap bkaøsh O¾u;a ima; fndcaCOx. O¾u;a iunr

lrkqfha fuf,isks'

OHdk ,eîu

ioaOd" úrsh" i;s" iudê yd m[aØ hk m[ap bkaøsh n, m%udKj;a mrsos jevqKq miq iudêh Wmpdr wjia:dfjka Tíng wmamKd iudêh f;la hhs' fï wdldrhg Tn OHdkhg <x jQ úg lsisÿ wjysrhlska f;drj Tnf.a uki wLKavj máNd. ksñ;a; olskq we;' fuh meh lsysmhla - uq¿ /hlau fyda uq¿ ojiu mjd fyda - wLKavj mej;Sug mq¿jk'

Njx. Ñ;a;h oSma;su;ah' nenf<k iq¨h' fuh ufkdaoajdrh hs wgqjd i|yka lrhs'

Tnf.a uki mehla fyda folla ndOdjlska f;drj máNd. ksñ;a; u; wLKav f,i iudê.;j ia:dhS jQ úg yDoh jia;= rEmh wdY%h fldg we;s ufkdaoajdrh ^Njx. Ñ;a;h& r|k yoj;a fmfoi iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .; hq;=h' Tn fuh lSm úgla u m%.=K l< úg yDoh jia;= rEmh wdY%h fldg we;s Njx. Ñ;a;h;a" máNd. ksñ;a; ufkdaoajdrfha my< j;au th;a hk folu myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a jkafkys h' fuh Tng l< yels l,ays" ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk OHdkdx. my jrlg tl ne.ska iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .; hq;=h' blaì;sj wLKav m%.=K lsrSulska fï ish,a, tl úg iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jkq we;'

1' ú;lal - isf;a uQ,sl fhojqu - máNd. ksï;af;a wruqK u; uki fhduq lsrSu yd msysgqùu'

2' úpdr - isf;a ia:dhS fhojqu hs' máNd. ksñ;af;a wruqK u; uki ia:dhS f,i msysgqùu'

3' mS;s - máNd. ksñ;a;g we;s leue;a; yd bka cks; m%S;sh4' iqL - máNd. ksñ;a; w;a ú|Su weiqre l< ika;=IaGsh iy m%ikak

nj5' tal.a.;d - máNd. ksñ;a; u; isf;a we;s tald.%;dj

Tn OHdk m%.=K lsrSug mgka .;a uq,a wjêfha§ OHdkhg we;=¿ ùu os.= l,la m%.=K l< hq;=h' OHdkdx. mrSCId lsrSug t;rï ld,hla ñvx.= fkd l< hq;=h' Tn m%:u OHdkfha l=i,;d jiS& m%.=K l< hq;=h' jiS j¾. myls¡

59 60

1' wdj¾ckd jiS - OHdkfhka ke.sàfuka miq OHdkdx. wdj¾cKh lsrSug yels ùu

2' iudmcack jiS - Tn leu;s fõ,djl OHdkhlg iu jeoSug yelsùu

3' wêIaGdk jiSS - Tn iu jeoS isàug wêIaGdk l< ld,hlaa OHdk.; j isàug yels ùu

4' jqÜGdk jiS - Tn wêIaGdk l< fõ,dfõ OHdkfhka ñoSug yels ùu

5' mÉpfjlaLK jiS - OHdkdx. iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels ùu

wdjcack yd mÉpfjlaLK hk fol u tl u ufkdaoajdr ù:sfhys msysghs' wdjcack ufkdaoajdrdjcack Ñ;a;h úiska bgq lrkq ,nhs' fuys oS th ú;lal jeks OHdkdx. mfyka tlla tys wruqK yeáhg .kS' mÉpfjlaLK ufkdaoajdrdjcAckhg wk;=re j my< jk mÉpfjlaLK cjk Ñ;a; i;r fyda my úiska bgq lrkq ,efí' fïjdg o by; i|yka wruqKq u fõ'

Tn fï mCoap jiSfhys úfYaIfhka iu;a jQ miq fojk OHdkhg hdug W;aidy l< hq;= h' ta i|yd Tn m%:u OHdkhg wj;S¾K ù bka ke.sg m%:u OHdkfhys fodaI yd oaú;Sh OHdkfhys jdis fufkys l< hq;=h' m%:u OHdkh mCoap kSjrKhkg wdikak nj Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' m%:u OHdkfha ú;lal yd úpdr hk OHdkdx. r¿h' tfyhska m%:u OHdkh" tajd rys; oaú;Sh OHdkhg jvd Ydka; núka wvqh' fï OHdkdx. fol neyer lsrSug leu;s jQfha yd yqfola mS;s" iqL" tal.a.;d hk ;=k iuÕ /|S isàug leu;s jQfha h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a; u; iudê.; ùug Tnf.a uki fhosh hq;=h' fï wdldrfhka Tng mS;s" iqL" tal.a.;d hk wx. iys; oaú;Sh OHdkhg we;=¿ úh yel'

blaì;s Tn oaú;Sh OHdkfha jiS m%.=K l< hq;=h' Tn fuys iu;a jQ úg yd ;D;Sh OHdkh jeãug Tng wjYH jQ úg oaú;Sh OHdkfha fodaI;a" ;D;Sh OHdkfha jdis;a Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' oaú;Sh OHdkh m%:u OHdkhg wdikakh' ;D;Sh OHdkh oaú;Sh

OHdkhg jvd Ydka;h' mS;s OHdkdx.h r¿h' mS;s rys; ;D;Sh OHdkhg jvd Ydka; núka wvq hhs Tn fufkys l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg oaú;sh OHdkfhka ke.sg ;D;Sh OHdkh ,eîug leue;a; j¾Okh l< hq;=h' máNd. ksñ;a; u; h<s;a iudê.; úh hq;=h' fï wdldrhg iqL" tal.a.;d iys; ;D;Sh OHdkhg we;=¿ùug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'

blaì;sj Tn ;D;Sh OHdk jiSS m%.=K l< hq;=h' Tn tys

iu;a jQ l, yd p;=¾: OHdkh jeãug wjYH jQ úg ;D;Sh OHdkfha

fodaI yd p;=¾: OHdkfha jdis fufkys l< hq;=h' ;D;Sh OHdkfha

iqL OHdkdx.h r¿h' iqn rys; p;=¾: OHdkhg jvd wvq Ydka;

njla we;s neõ fufkys l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg fufkys lrñka

;D;Sh OHdkfhka ke.S isg p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug leue;a;

k.d .; hq;=h' h<s;a máNd. ksñ;a; u; iudê.; úh hq;=h' fï

whqrska WfmlaLd yd tal.a.;d iys; p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug

Tng yels jkafkah' blaì;s j fuu p;=¾: OHdkfha jiS m%.=K l<

hq;=h'

p;=¾: OHdkhg we;=¿ ùfuka wk;=rej yqiau

iïmQ¾Kfhkau kj;S' fuhska wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdfõ p;=¾:

wjêh wjika fõ'

—yqiau lh Ydka; lrñka uu wdYajdi lrñ˜hs fufia fya

mqyqKq fjhs' —yqiau lh Ydka; lrñka uu m%Yajdi lrñ˜hs fufia

fya mqyqKq fjhs'

fuu wjia:dj ksñ;a; my< ùug Tkak fukak lshd ;sìhoS

werfUhs' p;=¾: OHdkh ;=<ska iudêh jefv;au yqiau k;r jk

f;la wkql%ufhka jv jvd;a Ydka; fjhs'

boska fhda.djprhd wdkdmdki;sh fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾:

OHdkhg <Õd jQfha kï yd m[ap jiSh j¾Okh lr .kafka kï

bka miq ta OHdkh ;=<ska yg .;a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" ldka;su;a yd

m%Ndiajr ù kï úmiaikd Ndjkdj jeãug mgka .ekSug Tyq iu;a

fjhs¡

61 62

tfy;a fldgia ;sia fol iys; ldh Ndjkdj

ôaj;a;sxidldr Ndjkdj&" wÜGsl Ndjkdj" ´Þ; lisK Ndjkdj yd

p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd jeäh hq;af;a flfia oehs fmkajd oSugo fï

wjia:dj WÑ;h' fï Ndjkd fuu wkqms<sfj,g W.kajkq ,nkafka"

tl tlla B<Õ tl jeãug iydh jk fyhska tajd wkqms<sfj,g

bf.k .ekSu idudkHfhka myiq nj w;a oelSu wkqj fmkS f.dia

;sfnk fyhsks' úfYaIfhka fhda.djprhd ´Þ; lisKh jvd

we;akï Tyq myiqfjka yd blauKskau p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd iy

iúia;r p;=Od;= Ndjkdj jeãug iu;a fõ'

oeka wms oaj;a;sxidldr Ndjkdj" wÜGsl Ndjkdj yd ´Þ;

lisKh jeäh hq;af;a flfiaoe hs fmkajd oSu wrUuq'

oaj;a;sxidlr Ndjkdfõ fldgia ;sia fol

m<uq j Tn wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾:

OHdkh jeäh hq;= h' Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" ldka;su;a

yd m%Ndiajr ù kï ta wdf,dalfha wdOdrh we;sj" YrSrfha fldgia

;sia fol iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' jrlg tl rdYsh ne.ska my; olajd

we;'

YrSrfha fldgia 32 kï(

mGú Od;= ldKavh

1' flia" f,dï" ksh" o;a" iï

2' uia" kyr" weg" weg ñÿ,q" jl=.vqj

3' yDoh" wlaudj" o<nqqj" nvosj" fmky¿

4' w;=Kq" w;=Kq nyka" fkdmeiqKq wyr" u<" fud<h

wdfmda Od;= ldKavh

5' fiï" ms;" ierj" f,a" vyosh" fïo"

6' l÷,q" jqreKq f;,a" fl<" fidgq"i| uqÿ¨" uq;%

YrSrfha fldgia ;sia fol iïu¾Ykh lrk w;r;=r" mGú

Od;=fõ fldgia úiafia tllg my ne.ska jq rdYs y;rlg fnosh

hq;=h' wdfmda Od;=fõ fldgia fÞ<y tllg yh ne.ska jq rdYs

follg fnosh hq;=h' miqj ,ehsia;=fõ fldgia ms<sfj,ska jrlg

tl rdYsh ne.ska iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'

Tnf.a uqyqK msrsisÿ lkakdähla ;=<ska olakg ,efnkakd

fia b;du meyeos,sj fï fldgia ;sia fol ne,Sug;a iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug;a Tng yels úh hq;=h'

flfia jqjo fï iudê wdf,dalh wvq fõf.k hkafka kï

yd Tn iïu¾Ykh lrk YrSr fldgi wmeyeos,s njg m;a jkafka

kï wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkhg

iudêh h<s ia:dms; l< hq;=h' bka miq iudê wdf,dalh oSma;su;a yd

Yla;su;a kï Tn h<s;a YrSr fldgia iïu¾Ykh lsrSug hd hq;=h'

Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh ÿ¾j, jk ljr fyda wjia:djl fï

wdldrhg m%.=K l< hq;=h'

wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk

iudê wdf,dalfha msysfgka fldgia ;sia folu ne,Su Tn m%.=K l<

hq;=h' boska Tn ysi fliaj, isg uq;%d olajd my<g fyda uq;% isg

ysiflia olajd wdmiaig iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn werUqfha kï tl

tlla úksúo hk ØKfhka meyeos,s f,i oelSug yels jk f;la

m%.=K lrkak' fuys olaI jk ;=re m%.=K lr f.k hkak'

blaì;sj wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk

iudê wdf,dalfha iydh ,nd .ksñka wdikakfhau jdä ù isák

mqoa.,hd fyda i;a;ajhd iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak' Tn

bosrsfha isák mqoa.,fhl= fyda i;a;ajfhl= iïu¾Ykh lsrSu jvd;a

fhda.Hh' blaì;sj ta mqoa.,hd fyda i;a;ajhd ;=< jQ YrSr fldgia 32

ysifliaj,ska mgka f.k uq;% olajd iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;sj

uq;% isg ysi flia olajdh' Tn fï fldgia 32 fndfyda jrla

wkqf,dau m%;sf,dau jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh lsrSug Tn

iu;a jQ l,ays fï fldgia 32 tla jghla wNHka;r jYfhkao tla

jghla ndysr jYfhkao iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fndfyda úgla h<s

h<s;a fuh fkd lvjd lr f.k hkak'

63 64

YrSrfha fldgia 32 fï wdldrhg wNHka;r jYfhka yd

ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays Ndjkd

Yla;sh by< hkafkah'

fï l%uh Wmfhda.S fldg .ksñka Tnf.a iïu¾Yk

lafIa;%h wdikakfha isg wE;g jeä lrñka l%u l%ufhka me;sr úh

hq;=h' i;a;ajhdf.a YrSrfha fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï oi

osYdjgu iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yels jk f;la by< kexùug Tn iu;a

jkafkys h' by<" my<" kef.kysr" ngysr" W;=r" ol=K" Bidk"

.sksfldK" jhU yd ksrs; hk fï osYdj, isák" Tnf.a iudê

wdf,dalfhka iïu¾Ykh l< yels" ljfrl= fyda - ñksia" ;srsika

fyda fjk;a i;a;ajhl= fõjd - tla tla wfhl= iïu¾Ykhg .; hq;=

h' tla jghla wNHka;r jYfhka yd tla jghla ndysr jYfhka

jrlg tla mqoa.,fhl=" i;a;ajfhl= ne.ska f.k fldgia 32

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'

wjika jYfhka" ljr úfgl fyda ljr ;ekl fyda"

wNHka;rj fyda ndysrj fyda Tn olsk ñksiqka fyda .eyeKqka fyda

ó .jhska fyda .jhska fyda fjk;a i;a;ajhka fyda Tn olskqfha

yqfola fldgia 32 l iuQyhla f,i muKla kï" Tn fldgia 32

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuys id¾:l jQ" olaI jq yd m%ùK jQ flfkls hhs

lshkq ,eîug iqÿiq fõ¡

ud¾. ;%h

mqoa.,fhl= wNHka;r yd ndysr jYfhka YrSrfha fldgia 32

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuys ,d olaIfhl= jQ l,ays ks¾jdKhg we;s fÞrgq

;=fkka tlla Ndú;hg f.k flf,iaj,ska ksoyia ùug Tyqg

mq¿jk' ksjKg we;s ta f\rgq ;=k kï(

1' lisK jKaK&

2' málal+,

3' iq[a[;

fï ;=fkka ljrla fyda Tng f;dard .; yels h' m<uqj

fldgia 32 ys ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| ix×j oshqKq lr .; yelafla flfia

oehs wms fmkajd fouq"

Tn isref¾ fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï l=i,;d

we;af;l= jQ úg fï 32 iuQyhla yeáhg ish,a, tl úg u fyda tla

;ks fldgila fyda wruqKla yeáhg f.k isref¾ ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn|

Ndjkdj jeäh yel málal+, ukisldr&'

wÜGsl ^wegiels<s& Ndjkdj

fï iïNdú;djka w;=rska fldgia 32 ys wx.hla jk wia:s

^tlla fyda uq¿ wegiels,a,u fyda& mokï jQ Ndjkdj jvkafka

flfia oehs wms fmkajd fouq'

fuh lsrSu msKsi Tn h<s;a jrla wdkdmdki;sh m%.=K

lsrSug mgka .; hq;= w;r" i;r jeks OHdkh olajd iudêh

msysgqúh hq;=h' blaì;s Tnf.a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" m%Ndj;a yd f;acia

jQ úg Tnf.a isref¾ fldgia 32 iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;s iudê

wdf,dalh fhdÞ Tn wdikakfhau isák mqoa.,fhl=f.a fyda

i;a;ajhl=f.a fldgia 32 ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

fldgia 32 wNHka;r fyda ndysr jYfhka fo;=ka jghla fï whqrska

iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej ta wegiels,a, Tng meyeos,s jQ l,ays

ta weg iels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj wruqKla yeáhg .kak' th(

1' ms<sl=,a ms<sl=,a málal+," málal+,&

2' ms<sl=,a wegiels,a,la" ms<sl=,a wegiels,a,la ^wÜGsl

málal+," wÜGsl málal+,&

3' wegiels,a,la" wegiels,a,la ^wÜGsl" wÜGsl& hs f.k

h<s h<s;a is;g .kak'

fuh Tng leu;s NdIdjlska is;ska igyka lr .; yels hs'

ms<sl=, ms<sn| wruqK mehla fyda folla Tnf.a uki ;=< Ydka;j

65 66

^ksYap,j& oeyeka .; lsrSug Tn W;aidy .; hq;=h' wdkdmdk i;s

Ndjkdj mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdk iudêfha Yla;sh yd cjkh

fya;=fjka ms<sl=, ms<sn| fï Ndjkdjo jefvkq;a" Yla;su;a yd

iïmQ¾K jkq;a Tng oelsh yel' fï wdldrhg Ndjkd lsrSfuka

ms<sl=, ms<sn| ix×j yd oekqu Wmojd .ekSug;a ia:djr lr

.ekSug;a j¾Okh lr .ekSug;a Tng yels jkq we;'

igyk (

fuu wjia:dfõ oS wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh biau;= lr

.ekSu msKsi" tys j¾Kh" yevh" msysàu yd iSudj flfrys

wjOdkh fhduq lsrSug ie,ls,su;a úh hq;=h'

wruqKla yeáhg wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh flfrys wjOdkh

fhduq lsrSfï oS wegiels,af,a ixl,amuh kduh ms<sn| ix×j bj;a

l< hq;=h' yqfola wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn|ju i;sfhka

isákak' boska fufia wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a iajNdjh m%lg fkd

jkafka kï ms<sl=, ms<sn| ix×j m%lg jk f;la wegiels,a,

ms<sn| ix×j w;a fkd yrskak'

wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a Ndjh ms<sn| ix×j m%lg jqKq úg

muKla wegiels,af,a ixl,amuh kduh .ek ;j ÿrg;a wjOdkh

fhduq fkdlr yqfolaa zms<sl=,aZ zms<sl=,aaZ hs wjOdkh fhduq lrkak’

W.a.y ksñ;a;" máNd. ksñ;a;

úY=oaê ud¾.hg wkqj j¾Kh" yevh" msysàu yd iSud u.ska

^wia:s& fldgila Tn olsk úg th W.a.y ksñ;a; hs' weg fldgila

oel th ms<sl=,a yeáhg iïu¾Ykh lrk úg fï ms<sl=,a Ndjh

máNd. ksñ;a; h’

wia:sj, ms<sl=,a njg iïnkaO máNd. ksñ;a; fj;

wjOdkh fhduq lrk úg yd th jefvk úg Tng m%:u OHdkhg

we;=¿ úh yel' tu wjia:dfõ oS my; i|yka OHdkdx. my< fõ'

tla tla fldgil ms<sl=,a Ndjh mokï fldg m%:u OHdkhg we;=¿

ùu msKsi YrSrfha wfkl=;a fldgia o ta wdldrhg jeäh yel'

m[ap OHdkdx.

1' ú;lal - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; is; fhduq lsrSu yd ;eîu

2' úpdr - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; ia:dhS f,i uki ;eîu

3' mS;s - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK flfrys m%S;sh yd leue;a;

4' iqL - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK w;a ú|Su yd ne÷Kq m%ikak yeÕ=u

fyda fidïkia nj

5' tal.a.;d - wia:sj, ms<sl=,a wruqK u; isf;a tald.%;dj

mS;s yd fidaukiai

wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a nj wruqKla ùu iu. m%S;sh yd

fidïki my< jkafka flfia o hk m%Yakh mek k.S' ms<s;=r kï"

ms<sl=,a Ndjhg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSfï oS wegiels,a, we;a;

jYfhkau ms<sl=,a wruqKla jqjo" tys jdis olsñka yd crdjg

m;aùfuka" frda.d;=r ùfuka iy urKfhka w;a ñoSu wjfndaO lr

.ksñka Tn fï Ndjkdj wdrïN fldg we;s njhs' uki .skshï

lrjk yd fjfyi lrjk mCoap kSjrK ndOlhka neyer lr we;s

ksid;a mS;s yd fidaukiai yg .; yel¡

th" —uu fuhska úYd, uqo,la Wmhd .ksñ˜hs fmdfydr

úl=Kkafkl= fmdfydr f.dvla oelSfuka i;=gq ùu yd iudk h'

ke;fyd;a n,.;= f,i frda.d;=rjQ mqoa.,fhl= jukh fyda mdpkh

l< miq myiqjla" i;=gla yd m%S;shla ,nkakd fiah'

wcaCO;a; ^wNHka;r& yd ndysr jYfhka

wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a Ndjh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu

u.ska m%:u OHdkh ,enQ ljfrl= fyda m%:u OHdkfha m[ap jiSh

jeãug hdhq;= hehs wNsO¾u wgqjdj olajhs' blaì;sj fhda.djprhd

Tyq bosrsmsg isák i;a;ajfhl= fyda iudê wdf,dalh iu.ska Tyqg

oelsh yels wdikaku i;a;ajfhl= .; hq;=h' ta i;a;ajhdf.a

wegiels,a, wdrïuKhla yeáhg .; hq;=h' Bg ms<sl=,a yeáhg

wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' OHdkdx. m%lg jk f;la ta ix×j jeäh

67 68

hq;=h' wgqjdjg wkqj OHdkdx. m%lg jqj o fï iudêh Wmpdr fyda

w¾mKd iudêh hs Tng lsj fkd yel' ula ksid o h;a wruqK

cSjudk jQjls' tfy;a uQ,àld kï jQ wNsO¾u àldfõ meyeos,s lsrSu

wkqj ndysr wia:s u< isrerl wegiels,a,la fia i,ld Tnf.a

wjOdkh fhduq lrkafka kï Tng Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .; yel'

fï wdldrhg OHddkdx. meyeos,s jQ úg wNHka;r wegiels,a,

ms<sl=,a yeáhg h<s;a wjOdkhg fhduq l< hq;=h' jrla wNHka;r

jYfhkao jrla ndysr jYfhkao wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' fï

wdldrhg fndfyda jrla wNHka;r yd ndysr hk foúêhgu

wegiels,af,a ms<sl=,a njg wjOdkh fhduq l< úg yd Tnf.a

ms<sl=,a Ndjkdj jvd Yla;su;a yd iïmQ¾K jQ úg wegiels,a, ndysr

jYfhka ish¨ oi osYdjkays iïu¾Ykh lsrSug mgka .; hq;=h'

Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh ljr fyda osYdjlg hhs o ta tla osYdjla tla

jrlg .; hq;=h' fï wdldrhg tla tla osYdjla jeäh hq;=h'

fï wdldrhg wE; yd wdikak f,i ish¨ osYdjka fj;

jrla wNHka;r jYfhka yd jrla ndysr jYfhka Tnf.a ØKh

fhdÞ .; hq;=h' fuh lsrSug Tn iu;a jq l,ays Tn ´Þ; lisKh

jeãu mgka .ekSug iQÞkï h¡

j¾K lisK

lisK Ndjkdj i|yd mokï fldg .kakd j¾K i;rls'

tajd kï kS," mS;" f,days; yd Þ; hkq hs' fï p;=¾ j¾Kj,ska kS,

jYfhka mrsj¾;kh jk j¾Kh l¿ fyda ÿUqre jYfhka o

mrsj¾;kh úh yel' YrSrfha úúO fldgiaj, j¾K Wmfhda.S fldg

f.k fï lisK y;r u jeäh yel'

WÞyrK jYfhka wNsO¾u wgqjdjg wkqj ysi flia" f,dï"

wefya l¿ bx.srshdj hk tajdfha j¾Kh p;=¾: OHdkh fyda mCoapu

OHdkh olajd kS, lisKh jeãu i|yd Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel'

îQ;%j, OHdk y;rla oelafõ' wNsO¾ufha OHdk ixLHdj myla

f,i j¾. lr ;sfí&' fïofha ly mdg p;=¾: fyda m[apu OHdk

olajd mS; lisKh jeãug fhdÞ .; yel' reêrfha fyda udxYj,

rla; j¾Kh p;=¾: fyda m[apu OHdk olajd f,days; lisKh

jeãug Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel' wia:s" o;a yd ksh jeks YrSrfha iqÿ

meye;s fldgia p;=¾: yd m[apu OHdk olajd Þ; lisKh jeãug

Wmfhda.S fldg .; yel'

´Þ; lisKh

p;=¾ j¾K lisK w;rska b;du fyd| lisKh ´Þ;

lisKh hs iQ;%j, i|yka fõ' is; meyeos,s yd oSma;su;a lsrSug tys

we;s yelshdj fya;=jls' fufyhska tlS lisKh jeäh hq;af;a

flfiaoe hs wms m<uqj fmkajd fouq¡

´Þ; lisKh jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj wdkdmdki;sh mdol

fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh h<s msysgqjd .; hq;=h' wk;=rej ta

iudêfhka k.d .;a wdf,dalh oSma;su;a" m%Ndj;a yd m%Ndiajr jQ úg

YrSrfha fldgia 32 wNHka;r jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h'

wk;=rej Tn bosrsfha fyda Tn isák ;ekg wdikakfha isák

i;a;ajfhl=f.a YrSrfha fldgia 32 ndysr jYfhka iïu¾Ykh

lrkak' bkslaì;ssj ta fldgia 32 w;rska yqfola wegiels,a, muKla

iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wegiels,a, málal+, f,i iïu¾Ykh lsÍug

leue;af;a kï th Tng l< yels hs' tfia lsrSug fkd leu;s kï

wegiels,a, muKla iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

wk;=rej wegiels,af,a iqÿu ia:dkh ljrlaoehs ;SrKh

lr tys" ke;fyd;a uq¿ wegiels,af,au fyda iqÿ j¾Kh f.k"

tfia;a ke;fyd;a ysia lnf,a msgqmi fldgi wruqKla yeáhg

f.k —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hs Bg wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h'

úl,amhla jYfhka boska Tnf.a uki ukdj ;shqKq kï"

Tn wNHka;r wegiels,a, ms<sl=,a yeáhg wjOdkh fhduq lr m%:u

OHdkhg <Õd jQfhys kï" wegiels,a, iqÿ yeáhg m%lg jQfha kï

Tng ta Yafõ; j¾Kh m%d:ñl jeãu i|yd wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ

.; yel' tfy;a boska m%:u OHdkhg <Õd ùu i|yd wNHka;r

69 70

fldgila lisKhla yeáhg Ndú; lsrSug Tn wiu;a kï Tn ndysr

wegiels,a,la f.k tys Yafõ; Ndjkd lsÍug fhdÞ .; hq;=h'

;j;a l%uhla kï( ndysr wegiels,a,l ms<sl=,a nj

iïu¾Ykh lr wegiels,a, ms<sn| ix×j ia:djr yd ksYap, lr

.kak' ta wkqj o wegiels,af,a Yafõ; j¾Kh jvd;a m%lg fjhs'

blaì;sj th uqÿka muqKqjd f.k wegiels,a,g ms<sl=,a f,i

wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu fjkqjg Bg —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka ie,ls,a,

fhduq lsÍfuka o Þ; lisKh jeäh yel'

ndysr wegiels,a,l Yafõ; j¾Kh wruqKla yeáhg f.k

ysia lnf,a Yafõ; j¾Kh fj; úfYaI wjOdkh fhduq lrñka ta

Yafõ; j¾K wruqK u; jrlg mehla fyda folla uki iudê.;

lsrSug m%.=K l< hq;=h'

wdkdmdki;sh u; mokï jQ p;=¾: OHdk iudêfha iydh

yd rel=, ksid Tnf.a uki Yafú; j¾K wruqK u; ksYap,j

iudê.; jkq Tng fmfkkq we;' Yafõ; j¾Kh u; mehla fyda

folla iudê.; ùug Tng yels jQ úg Yafõ; uKav,h muKla

b;srs jk nj;a wegiels,a, w;=reoyka jk nj;a Tng fmfkkq

we;'

Yafõ; uKav,h lmq mq¿ka fuka iqÿ jQ l,ays th W.a.y

ksñ;a; hs' th W\ ;drldjla fuka oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s njg m;a jQ

l,ays th m%;sNd. ksñ;a; h' W.a.y ksñ;a; my< ùug fmr

wegiels,s ksñ;a; m%d:ñl i,l=K fõ'

boska j¾;udk nqoaO Ydikfha fyda fmr nqoaO Ydikhl

´Þ; lisKh m%.=K lr ;sîfï fya;=fjka mQ¾j Nj lisK mdró

we;akï túg yqÿ ù¾h lsrSulska yd Yafõ; uKav, ksñ;a; u;

iudê.; ùulska Tng máNd. ksñ;a; ,eîug mq¿jk' tjka úfgl

ksñ;a; úYd, lsrSu wjYH ke;' ta foi n,d isák w;r;=r th

—iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ i,lk úg oY osYdju msfrk ;=re th myiqfjka me;sr

hkq we;’

boska Yafõ; lisK ksñ;a; úYd, fkd jkafka kï yd oi

osYdjg me;sr fkd hkafka kï ta ksñ;a; —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hehs È.gu

is;g .kak' th m%Ndiajr iqÿ njg m;a jkafka kï yd miq j msú;=re

yd meyeos,s kï fuh máNd. ksñ;a;h' m%:u OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug

iu;a jk f;la th m%.=K lrkak' flfia jqj o fï iudêh

fnfyúka ia:djr fkd jk nj;a os.= fõ,djla r|d fkd mj;akd

nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' iudêh ia:djr lsrSug;a os.= fõ,djla

r|jd .ekSug;a ksñ;af;a mrsudj jeä lsrSu iqÿiqh'

fuh lsrSu i|yd Yafõ; j¾K máNd. ksñ;a; iuÕ mehla

fyda folla ksYap,j isák fia Tnf.a iudêh jeäh hq;=h' bka miq

fldmuKlg th úYd, ^úia;drKh& l< yelso hkak wkqj tu

Yafõ; uKav,h wÕ,lska" follska" ;=klska" y;rlska úYd,

lsrSug Tn is;ska wêIaGdk lr .; hq;=h' fuh lsrSug;a th id¾:l

fõ oehs ne,Sug;a W;aidy lrkak' m<uqj iSudj ;SrKh fkd fldg

ksñ;a; úYd, lsrSug W;aidy fkd .; hq;=h' wÕ,la" folla" ;=kla

fyda y;rla iSudj mq¿,a lsrSug ;SrKh lrñkau W;aidy lrkak¡

fufia lrk w;r;=f¾ oS mjd Yafõ; uKav,h mq¿,a lr;a u

th wia:sr jkq Tng fmfkkq we;' túg th h<s ia:djr lsrSu i|yd

—iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka igyka lr .ekSug Tng isÿ fõ' Tnf.a

iudêh Yla;su;aj by< k.s;au" ksñ;a; ia:djr yd Ydka; jkq Tng

oel .; yel'

ksñ;a; tys kj mrsudj ;=< ia:djr njg m;a jQ úg th

jrlg wÕ,a lSmhlska ;j;a mq¿,a lsrSug ;SrKh lrñka th h<s

h<s;a lrkak' fï wdldrhg ksñ;a; m%udKfhka ógrhla miqj ógr

folla jk ;=re mq¿,a lsrSug yels jkq we;' fuh lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ

miq Tn jgd iSudjlska f;drj tu ksñ;a; oi osYdjka olajd

me;sfrk ;=re wjia:d jYfhka úYd, l< hq;=h' fï wdldrhg l=uk

fyda me;a;la ne,qj;a Tn olafka ksñ;a; u muKla jk wjia:djlg

Tn <Õd jkq we;' fï wjia:dfõ wNHka;r fyda ndysr fyda wka

lsisjl i,l=Klj;aa Tn fkd olskq we;s w;r" Þ; lisK wruqK

.ek muKla idjOdk j isákq we;' bkslaì;sj Þ; lisK wruqK

u; is; Ydka; f,i iudê.; lrkak' ksñ;a; fjkia ùu k;r jQ

71 72

úg yd ia:djr njg m;a jQ úg Þ; lisK wruqfKka tla fldgil

is; msysgqjkak' fldlall f;dmamshla t,a,kq fuka Tnf.a is; tys

r|jd msysgqjkak' —iqÿ˜ —iqÿ˜ hkqfjka l,amkdjg .ekSu fkd

lvjd lrkak'

Tnf.a is; Ydka; yd ia:djr jQ úg" ´Þ; lisK wruqK o

Ydka; yd ia:djr fjhs' w;sYhska u iqÿ" oSma;su;a yd meyeos,s fõ'

fuh uq,a \; lisK ix×j mq¿,a lsrSu yd jHdma; lsrSu u.ska ìys

lrk ,o máNd. ksñ;a; ls'

máNd. ksñ;a; u; Tnf.a is; iudê.; fldg wLKavj

mehlg fyda follg ;nd .ekSug yels jk f;la Ndjkd lsrSug

l%shd l< hq;=h' túg OHdkdx. Tnf.a is; ;=< b;d m%lg" meyeos,s

yd Yla;su;a jkq we;' ta wjia:dfõ Tn m%:u OHdkhg meñKshd

jkafkah¡

OHdkdx. my

1' ú;lal - ´Þ; lisK máNd. ksñ;a; wruqK fj; is;

fhduq lsrSu yd msysgqùu

2' úpdr - ´Þ; lisK máNd. ksñ;a; wruqK u; uki

ia:djrj ;eîu

3' mS;s - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK flfrys jQ m%S;sh yd

leue;a;

4' iqL - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK w;a oelSu yd

iïnkaë jQ m%ikak yeÕ=u fyda i;=g

5' tal.a.;d - ´Þ; lisK ksñ;a; wruqK u; isf;a tald.%;dj

OHdkfha wx. tl tlla OHdkdx. hkqfjka ye|skafõ' tajd

iuQyhla f,i tlg .;a l, OHdk hhs lshkq ,efí' ´Þ; lisK

m%:u OHdkfha m[ap jiS ,nk ;=re m%.=K lrkak' blaì;s m%:u

OHdk jiSS ,nd .;a úg wdkdmdki;sh iïnkaO mrsÉfþofha úia;r

lrkq ,enQ mrsos oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd p;=¾: OHdk o jvkak’

p;=¾úO ^p;=Ialkh& OHdk j¾.SlrKh

mCoapúO OHdk j¾.SlrKh

ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. my mj;akd

úg th m%:u OHdkh fõ'

úpdr" mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. i;r mj;akd úg th

oaú;Sh OHdkh fõ'

mS;s" iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. ;=k mj;akd úg ;D;Sh

OHdkh fõ'

iqL yd tal.a.;d hk wx. fol mj;akd úg p;=¾: OHdkh

fõ'

WfmlaLd yd tal.a.;d hk wx. fol mj;akd úg m[apu

OHdkh fõ'

m[ap úO OHdk j¾.SlrKh ^m[apl kh&" ú;lal yd

úpdr hk fol jrlg tl ne.ska neyer lsrSula u.ska isÿ fõ'

p;=¾úO l%ufhaoS ta folu tl mshjrlska neyer lsrSulska isÿ fõ'

nqÿka jykafia fï l%u folu mqoa.,hka yg Tjqkaf.a prs; .=Kdx.

wkqj W.kajd jÞ< fial' nqoaêh uo mqoa.,hdg Wkajykafia m[ap

m%fNao l%uh jÞ< w;r ×kjka; mqoa.,hkg p;=¾úO l%uh jÞ<y'

fïjd rEmdjpr OHdk jYfhkao y÷kajkq ,efí' rEmdjpr

f,dalfha mqk¾Nj we;s lsrSug iu;a jk fyhsks' tfy;a wms fuysoS

rEmdjpr f,dalfha mqk¾Njhla ,nd .ekSfï wNs,dIfhka fkdj

úo¾Ykd Ndjkd jeãug mokula yeáhg fïjd Wmfhda.S lr

.ekSfï wNs,dIfhka fï OHdk jeãug Wkkaÿ lruq'

ndysr wia:s j¾Kh fhdÞ .ksñka p;=¾: OHdkh jeãug;a

th ,nd .ekSug;a iu;a ù we;akï ta wdldrhgu ndysr ysi flia

mokï fldg f.k kS, lisKh;a" ndysr fïo yd uq;% mokï fldg

f.k mS; lisKh;a" ndysr f,a mokï fldg f.k f,days;

lisKh;a jeãug Tn iu;a jkq we;’

73 74

fufia lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ l,ays u,aj, j¾K mdol fldg

f.k úúO j¾K lisK jeãugo Tng W;aidy l< yel' ks,a" ÿUqre

fyda l¿ u,a Tng kS, lisKh m%.=K lsrSug wdrdOkh lrhs' ish,q

ly mdg u,a mS; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs' ish,q

r;= mdg u,a f,days; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs'

ish,q iqÿ mdg u,a Þ; lisKh m%.=K lsrSug Tng wdrdOkh lrhs'

fufia olaI m%ùK fhda.djprhdg fmfkk cSù fyda wcSù" wNHka;r

fyda ndysr ljrla kuq;a iudêh yd úo¾Ykdj jeãug wruqKla

yeáhg fhdÞ .; yelsh'

by; oelajq mrsos Þ; lisKh u; p;=¾: OHdkh Tn ,nd

we;akï ta m%dma;sh ffu;%S Ndjkdfjka werfUk p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd

myiqfjka jeãug Tn iu;a lrjkq we;' th úia;r lsrSug fmr wms

wks;a lisK Ndjkd;a wrEm OHdk;a fláfhka úia;r lruq¡

oi lisK

nqÿka jykafia úiska foaYkd lrk ,o lisK oyhla md<s

.%ka:j, we;' tajd kï j¾K lisK i;r yd mGú lisK" wdfmda

lisK" f;afcda lisK" jdfhda lisK" wdf,dal lisK hk yhhs'

p;=¾ j¾K lisK by; meyeos,s lrk ,oS' my;

oelafjkafka b;srs lisK Ndjkd yh jeäh hq;af;a ljr wdldrhg o

hkak .ek flá úia;rhls'

mGú lisK Ndjkdj

mGú lisKh jeãu msKsi m<uqj Tn fldagq" .,a yd fld<

wdosfhka f;dr" wrefKdaofha wyfia we;s wreK jka iu;,d ìula

fidhd .; hq;=h' blaì;s fldagqjlska fyda fjk;a WmlrKhlska

wähla úIalïNh we;s jD;a;hla w|skak' blAì;sj ta mia jD;a;h

foi n,kak' mGú" mGú" mGú hkqfjka isyshg kxjd .kak' Tn

újD; oEiska ^weia o,ajd& fudfyd;la tu jD;a;h foi ne,sh hq;=

w;r" weia jid jD;a;fha m%;sìïnhla isf;ys rejd .; yels oehs

n,kak' boska Tng fï wdldrfha ix×jla wdj¾ckh fkd l< yels

kï wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh mdol fldg .;a p;=¾:

OHdkh olajd jQ iudêh h<s ia:dms; lr .; hq;=h' blaì;sj iudê

wdf,dalfha iydfhka Tn ieliq mGú jD;a;h foi ne,sh hq;=h'

Tnf.a újD; oEiska n,kakdla fuka meyeos,sj ta jD;a;fha ksñ;a;

isf;ka wdj¾ckh l< yels úg t;ekska Tng leu;s ;eklg f.dia

ta ksñ;a; jeãu lrf.k hdyel'

wdrïuKhla yeáhg ta ksñ;af;a j¾Khg fyda mGú

Od;=fõ ,laIK jk ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh wdoshg fyda Tn wjOdkh

fhduq fkd l< hq;= w;r mGú ms<sn| idudkH ixl,amhg wÞ<

ix×j u; is; iudê .; l< hq;=h' blaì;s Tn m[ap ndOl

^kSjrK& neyer lsrSug yels jk ;=re yd Wmpdr iudêh ,efnk

f;la - fuu wjia:dfõ oS ksñ;a; máNd. ksñ;a; njg m;a jkafkah

- fï W.a.y ksñ;a; jeãu l< hq;=h¡

fuu wjia:dfõ ksñ;a; w;sYhskau mú;%h¦ meyeos,sh'

blaì;sj fï máNd. ksñ;af;a mrsudj tla fõ,djlg iaj,amhla

ne.ska ish,q oi osYdjka msfrk ;=re me;srúh hq;=h' wk;=rej p;=¾:

OHdkh olajd ta u; iudêh jeäh hq;=h

wdfmda lisK Ndjkdj

wdfmda lisKh jeãu i|yd mú;% yd meyeos,s j;=r

Ndckhla fyda nd,aoshla fyda msrsisÿ c,h we;s <s|la fyda Tng fhdÞ

.; yelsh' bka miq W.a.y ksñ;a; jefvk ;=re —wdfmda˜ —wdfmda˜ hs

c,hg wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' bka miq mGú lisKh

iïnkaOfhka meyeos,s l< wdldrhg fï ix×j jvkak¡

f;afcda lisK Ndjkdj

f;afcda lisKh jeãu msKsi .skakl fyda bámkaoula fyda

oe,a,la fyda Tn oel we;s fjk;a .skakla fyda Tng Ndú; l< yel'

Tng ÿIalr;djla we;af;a kï" wähla muK úIalïNh we;s rjqï

75 76

isÿrla iys; ;sr froaola idÞ .; hq;=h' blaì;s Tng ta ;sr froao or

.skakla fyda ;K fld< .skakla bosrsfha ;sr froafoa we;s isÿfrka

.sks oe,a oelSug yels jk mrsos ;eìh yel'

ÿu flfrys fyda ms<siafik bkaOk fyda .ek wjOdkhla

fkd fldg yqfola .sks oe,af,a ix×j u; muKla iudêh jvkak'

—f;afcda" f;afcda" f;afcda˜ hkqfjka th is;g .kak¡

jdfhda lisK Ndjkdj

jdfhda lisKh iam¾Y ix×fjka yd oelSfuka hk

fohdldrfhka jeäh yel' iam¾Y ix×fjka fï ksñ;a; ne,Sug

leue;af;a kï cfka,hla fyda fÞrla ;=<ska jd;h weoS tau;a lfha

jeoSu;a ms<sn| j i;sfhka hqla; úh hq;= w;r —jdfhda" jdfhda"

jdfhda˜' hkqfjka isyshg .; hq;= h'

boska Tn ksñ;a; oelSï ix×fjka jeãug leue;af;ys kï

.iaj, fld< fyda w;= fi<ùï ms<sn| i;sfhka hqla; úh hq;=h' th

—jdfhda" jdfhda" jdfhda˜ hkqfjka isyshg .; hq;=h' fjk;a lisK

wruqKla Ndú; fldg p;=¾: OHdkh olajd iudêh jeãfuka yd

fï ndysrj isÿjk fi<ùu ne,Su msKsi iudê wdf,dalh Ndú;

lrñka iq<x ix×j iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' W.a.y ksñ;a; WKq lsrs

n;lska msgjk jdIamhl fi<ùu fuka jk w;r máNd. ksñ;a;

ksYap, h¡

wdf,dal lisK ksñ;a;

wdf,dal lisKh" wdf,dalh ì;a;sfha me,aula ;=<ska

ldurhg m;s; ù ìug jeàu fyda .il fld< w;r jQ wjldYfhka

m;s; ù ìug jeàu fyda .il w;= w;rska by< n,d wyfia wdldYh

ne,Su fyda u.ska jeäh yel' fï wdldrhg ix×j jeãug Tng

.eg,qjla we;akï ueá uqÜáhla f.k tys we;=<; bámkaoula fyda

,dïmqjla ;nd uqÜáfha isÿrla ì;a;sh foig uqyqK ,d ;eìh hq;=h'

túg uqÜáfha isÿfrka wdf,dal loïnhla ksl=;a jk w;r th

ì;a;sfha m;s; fõ' blaì;s ì;a;sh u; m;s; jQ wdf,dalfha rjqu

—wdf,dal" wdf,dal" wdf,dal˜ jYfhka wjOdkhg ,la l< hq;=h’

wdldY lisK Ndjkdj

wdldY lisKh fÞrl ljq¿jl fyda h;=re isÿrl

wjldYhla oelSfuka jeäh yel' boska Tng ksñ;a; jeãfï

.eg,qjla we;akï me;<s ,E,s lene,a,la .kak' tys wÕ,a 8 isg wä

1 l úIalïNh we;s rjqï isÿrla ;kkak' miqj tu ,E,a, .ia fyda

tjeks fjk;a jia;=jla ke;s ;ekl isg —wdldY" wdldY" wdldY˜

hkqfjka ukisldr lrkak

wrEm OHdk i;r

lisK oyfhka tl tlla iuÕska OHdk i;r ,nd .;a miq

Tng ' —wrEm OHdk˜ hs lshkq ,nk wrEm ;;a;aj i;r jeãug hd

yel' wrEm OHdk i;r kï (

1' wdldidk[apdh;k

2' ú[aØK[apdh;k

3' wdls[ap[aØh;k

4' fkji[aØkdi[aØh;k

Tn wrEm OHdk jeäh hq;af;a p;=¾: OHdkh olajd lisK

oyhu jeãfuka wk;=rej muKs' wdldY lisKh yer wka ljrla

fyda mokï fldg f.k wrEm OHdk jeäh yel'

wdldidk[apdh;kh

wrEm OHdk i;r jeãu msKsi m%:ufhka rEmfha we;s

wjdis ukisldr l< hq;=h' Tnf.a foudmshkaf.a Y=l% yd f¾;ia

u.ska ìys jQ ñksia isrer —lrc ldh˜ hs lshkq ,efí' ksmojk ,o

YrSrhla ksid Tn" msysh" fy,a, yd WKav jeks wdhqO u.ska ysxid

lrkq ,eîug" myr fokq ,eîug" wkskq ,eîug" oreKq jO ysxid

muqKqjkq ,eîug hg;a jkafkysh' ksmojkq ,enQ YrSrh weia frda."

lka frda." yDo frda. wdoS kd kd úO frda.j,g f.dÿre jkafkah' ta

wkqj Tng we;af;a rEmj,ska idÞ ksmojkq ,enQ YrSrhla fyhska"

wfkal ÿlaj,g hg;a jk nj;a" boska Tng rEmfhka ñoSug yels

77 78

kï Tng rEmh mokï fldg we;s ÿlaj,ska ksoyia ùug yels nj;a

m%×fjka wjfndaO fldg .; hq;=h'

ljr fyda lisKhla u; mokï jQ p;=¾: OHdkh oekgu;a

o< fN!;sl rEm uev mj;ajd we;;a lisK rEm ch .ekSu ;j ÿrg;a

wjYHh' ula ksido h;a th o< fN!;sl rEmfha m%;suQ¾;shh' fufia

ukisldr fldg" lisK rEm flfrys úrd.S ù Tn mGú lisK jeks

lisK kjfhka tlla jeäh hq;=h' p;=¾: OHdkh olajd rEm OHdk

jeãug fhdÞ .; hq;=h¡

blaì;sj lisK kjfhka tlla mokï fldg .;a p;=¾:

rEm OHdkfhka ke.S isg rEm ukisldr lsrSu u; jQ my; oelafjk

rEmfha wd§kj& OHdk wjdis Tn o; hq;=h'

fï p;=¾: OHdkfha" ud úrd.hg m;a jQ lisK rEmh tys

wdrïuK yeáhg ;sfí'

fï p;=¾: OHdkfha" ;D;Sh OHdkfha iqLh tys wdikak

i;=rd yeáhg mj;S'

fï p;=¾: OHdkh wrEm OHdk i;rg jvd ,dßlh¡

p;=¾: OHdkfha yd i;r wrEm OHdkj, mj;akd kdu O¾u

tlu jk fyhska" rEm OHdk tl tlla jeãfï oS lrkq fuka tajdg

wÞ<j wjdis lsisjla .ek ukisldr lsrSula wjYH ke;'

p;=¾: OHdkfha wdoSkj ^wjdis& oelafuka miq" wrEm

OHdkj, jdis wdksixi - tajd jvd;a Ydka; fyhska - ukisldr l<

hq;=h'

bkamiq mGú lisKfha Tnf.a ksñ;a; wkka; f,i fyda

Tn leu;s ;dla ÿrg fyda me;srúh hq;=h' blaì;sj lisK rEmh

úiska jid isák wjldYhg zwdldYhZ zwdldYhZ fyda zwkka;

wdldYhZ zwkka; wdldYhZ hs ukisldr lrñka lisK rEmh neyer

lrkak' ta wkqj b;srs jkafka lisKh neyer ,Sfuka b;srs jQ

wdldYh h¦ ke;fyd;a lisKh úiska jid isá wdldYh h'

ke;fyd;a lisKh úiska w;yer oukq ,enQ wdldYhh'

boska Tng fufia lsrSfï .eg,qjla we;akï mGú lisK

ksñ;af;a tla fldgila oelSug W;aidy l< hq;=h' tfia l< yels

úg ta wjldYhg muKla wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' th me;sfrkq;a

mGú lisK ksñ;a; fjkqjg ta wdfoaY jk ieá;a Tng oel .;

yel'

blaì;sj lisKh neyer ,Su u.ska b;srs jQ wjldY ix×jg

‘zwdldYZ zwdldYZ hkqfjka ú;¾lfha wjOdkh fhduq lrjd f.k

isàu wjYHh' fuh h<s h<s;a lr f.k hdfuka kSjrK uev

meje;afjk nj;a Wmpdr iudêh wjldY ix×j tys wruqK

jYfhka f.k my< jk nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' h<s h<s;a ta

ix×jg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSfuka w¾mKd OHdkh wdldYh tys

wruqK yeáhg f.k isák nj Tng olakg ,efnkq we;' fuh

wkka; wdldY kï jQ m%:u wrEm OHdkh hs'

ú[a[dK[apdh;kh

fojk wrEm OHdkh kï ú[aØK[apdh;khhs' th

wkka; wdldidk[apdh;kh yd ne÷Kq ú[aØKh tys wruqK

yeáhg f.k mj;S'

boska Tn ú[aØK[apdh;kh jeãug leue;af;a kï"

m<uqfjka Tn wdldidk[apdh;kfha m[ap jiSSh ,nd .; hq;=h'

blaì;sj Tn wdldidk[apdh;kfha wjdis ^wdoSkj& fufia

fufkys l< hq;= h’

—fï wdldidk[apdh;kh p;=¾: OHdkh ;u i;=rd

yeáhg ;nd f.k isà' tfia u ú[aØK[apdh;kh ;rï Ydka;

ke;˜'

fufia wdldidk[apdh;kh flfrys úrd.S ùfuka

wk;=rej ú[aØK[apdh;kfhys Ydka; iajrEmh fufkys l<

hq;=h' blaì;sj wkka; wjldYh tys wruqK yeáhg we;s

wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd .kakd wjia:dfõoS mej;s ú[aØKhg

79 80

wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' Tn h<s h<s;a wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd

.kakd wjia:dfõ mej;s ú[aØKhg wjOdkh fhduq lrñka" th

—ú[aØKh˜ —ú[aØKh˜ hs igyka lr .; hq;=h' Tn th igyka

lr .; hq;af;a yqÿ —wkka; —wkka;˜ jYfhka fkdj" —wkka;

ú[aØK˜ —wkka; ú[aØK˜ yeáhg fyda —ú[aØKh˜

—ú[aØKh˜ yeáhg h¡

blaì;sj wdldidk[apdh;kh ,nd .kakd wjia:dfõ

mej;s ta ú[aØK ix×jg —ú[aØKh˜ —ú[aØKh˜ hs ú;¾lfha

wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu fkd lvjd lrf.k hdu wjYHh' th h<s

h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK hgm;a jk nj;a" Wmpdr iudêh ta

^ú[aØK& ix×j tys wruqK yeáhg f.k my< jk nj;a Tng

fmfkkq we;' ta ix×j flfrys h<s h<s;a fhofjk wjOdkh u.ska

w¾mKd OHdkh ta ix×j wruqK yeáhg f.k my< jk ieá Tng

oelsh yel' fï ú[aØK[apdh;kh kï jQ oaú;Sh wrEm OHdkhhs'

wdls[ap[aØh;k

;D;Sh wrEm OHdkh wdls[ap[a[dh;kh hs '

wdldidk[apdh;kfha fmr mej;s" tfiau ú[aØK[apdh;kfha

wruqK jQ ú[aØKfha fkd meje;au fuys wdrïuKh fõ'

fuh jeãug Tng wjYH kï" Tn m<uq j" ú[aØK[apdh;kfha

m[ap jYSh ,nd .; hq;=h' miq j ú[aØK[apdh;kfha wjdis

^wdoSkj& fufia fufkys l< hq;=h'

fï ú[Øa K[pa dh;kh flfrys úrd.S ùfuka wk;r= ej"

wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys Ydka; iajNdjh fufkys l<

h q ; = h ' b l a ì ; s j " ú [ a [ d K [ a p d h ; k f h a w r u q K j Q o "

wdldidk[pa dh;kh ,nk wji:a dfõ mej;hs djQ o" tfy;a oekg fkd

mj;ka d jQ o ú[Øa Kh flfrys wjOdkh fhduq l< yelhs ' Tn h<s h<;s a

ú[Øa K[pa dh;kfha wrufq Ka fkd meje;ua flfrys wjOdkh fhduq fldg

—lis js la ke; " —lis js la ke; " "Yk+ H hs " —Yk+ H hs " —f;dr úú;;a & h " —f;dr

h˜ hs i;s ks a .; h;q h= ’

blaì;sj Tn isf;a uQ,sl fhojqu u.ska lsisjla ke;

—lsisjla ke;˜" hk ix jg wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu wLKavj isÿ l<

hq;=h' fuh h<s h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK hgm;a jk ieá;a" ta ix×j

tys wruqK yeáhg f.k Wmpdr iudêh my< jk ieá;a Tng oel

.; yel' ta ix×jg fkd lvjd fhfok wjOdkh ksid ta ix×j

wruqK yeáhg f.k w¾mKd OHdkh my< jk ieá Tng fmfkkq

we;' fï wdls[ap[aØh;k kï jQ ;D;Sh wrEm Ohdkhhs¡

fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh

p;=¾: wrEm OHdkh kï fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh hs'

th wdls[ap[aØh;k ,nk wjia:dfõ mej;s ú[aØKh tys

wruqK yeáhg f.k mj;S' fkji[aØkdi[aØh;k hs lshkqfha

ta ix×j w;sYhskau iQCIau fyhsks'

fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh jeãug Tng wjYH kï

wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys m[ap jYSh ,nd .; hq;=h' blaì;s

wdls[ap[aØh;kfhys we;s wjdis ^wdoSkj& fufia fufkys l<

hq;=h¡

—fï wdls[ap[aØh;khg tys wdikak i;=rd yeáhg

ú[a\dK[apdh;kh we;' th fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh fuka

Ydk a; ke;' ix×j frd a.hl s " .K avhl s " W,l s '

fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh Ydka;h˜'

fufia wdls[ap[aØh;kh flfrys úrd.hg m;a ù

fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kfha Ydka; iajNdjh fufkys l< hq;=h'

wdls[ap[aØh;kh ,eîu flfrys —Ydka;hs˜ —Ydka;hs˜ h<s h<s;a

wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h’

blaì;s wdls[ap[aØh;kh ,eîfï ix×jg

—Ydka;hs˜ —Ydka;hs˜ hkqfjka fkd lvjd uQ,sl ukiska wjOdkh

fhduq lsrSu lr f.k hd hq;=h' fufia h<s h<s;a lsrSfuka kSjrK

uev meje;afjk nj;a" ta ix×j wruqKla yeáhg f.k Wmpdr

— ˜

×

81 82

iudêh my< jk nj;a Tng oelsh yel' ta ix×jg h<s h<s;a

fhdok wjOdkh u.ska ta ix×j wruqKla yeáhg f.k w¾mKd

OHdkh my< jk nj o Tng fmfkkq we;' fï

fkji[aØkdi[aØh;kh hkqfjka ye|skafjk p;=¾: wrEm

OHdkh hs’

p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd

fu;a;d ffu;%S& Ndjkdj

Tn fu;a;d ffu;%S& Ndjkdj jeãug leue;af;ys kï uq,a

wjia:dfõ§ my; ±lafjk wh flfrys ffu;%S jeãu fkd l< hq;=

neõ isyshg .kak(

1' wm%sh mqoa.,hd wmamshmq.a.,&

2' Tn jvd;a u m%sh lrkakd w;smamshiydhl&

3' uOHia: mqoa.,hd uÊCO;a;mq.a.,&

4' i;=rd fõÍmq.a.,&

by; i|yka i;r fokdg fukau my; oelafjk

mqoa.,hkgo ffu;%sh jeãu fkd werôh hq;=h(

5' úreoaO ,sx.slhd ,sx.úiNd.&

6' Ôj;a fkd jk ;eke;a;d ld,l;mq.a.,&

fuys m<uqfjka i|yka l< mqoa.,hska isõ fokd w;ßka"

wm%sh mqoa.,hd ;udg fyda ;uka m%sh lrkakka yg fyda ys;lr

fohla fkd lrkafkls' i;=rd ;udg yd ;uka m%sh lrkakjqkg

wk¾:ldÍ foa lrkafkls' fï foj¾.fhka ljrl jqjo wh

ms<sn|j wdrïNfha§ ffu;%S jeãu ÿIalrh' Tjqka flf¾ ;ryj

bmÈh yels fyhsks' tfiau wdrïNfha§ Tng uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=

flf¾ ffu;%sh jeãu ÿIalrh' Tn fnfyúka wdorh lrk

;eke;af;l= iïnkaOfhka jQ úg Tn ta mqoa.,hdg ;Èka we,S isákq

úh yel' Tjqkg hula isÿù we;ehs Tn wik úg wvkq fyda n,j;a

ixfõ.hlska msÍ hkq fyda we;' tfyhska uq,a wjia:dj,oS fï m<uq

i;r fokd ffu;%S Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ

fkd .; hq;=h' miqj" OHdk ,enQ úg Tng Tjqka fhdÞ .; yels

njo' Tjqka flf¾o ffu;%sh jeäh yels njo Tng fmkS hkq we;'

úreoaO ,sx.sl mqoa.,hka ffu;%S Ndjkdj ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd

wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞfkd .; hq;=h' Tjqka flf¾ rd.h we;s jk

fyhsks' tfy;a Tn OHdk ,enQ úg lKavdhula yeáhg - ish¨

ia;%Syq iqjm;a fj;ajd hs wd§ jYfhka - Tjqka flfrys ffu;%S

Ndjkdj jeãug yelshdj we;'

wjidk jYfhka Ôj;a fkd jk ;eke;af;l=

iïnkaOfhka jQ úg" flfkl=g u< ;eke;af;l= wruqKla yeáhg

fhdÞ f.k ffu;%S OHdkh lsisÿ osfkl ,nd .; fkd yel'

tfyhska u< ;eke;af;l= ms<sn|j ffu;%Sh jeäh hq;= ld,hla

fkdue;'

Tn ffu;%sh jeãu my; i|yka wkqms<sfj,g

lsÍu wdrïN l< hq;=h(

1' ;udg u w;aa;d&

2' Tn leu;s yd .re lrk mqoa.,fhl= msh&

3' uOHia: mqoa.,hd uÊCO;a;&

4' i;=rd fõÍ&

mqoa.,fhl=g ;udu wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ f.k —uu

iqjm;a fjïjd˜ hs is;ñka wjqreÿ ishhla Ndjkd l< o OHdk

iudêhlg meñKsh fkd yel' tfia kï Tngu ffu;%sh jeãu

werôh hq;af;a wehs@ m<uqj yqfola ;udf.ka mgka f.k ffu;%sh

jvkq ,nkafka Tn ixikaokh lsÍu msKsi WÞyrKhla yeáhg .;

yels fyhsks' ;ud wruqKla yeáhg Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .ekSfï

wruqfKka fkd fõ'

fhda.djprfhl= —uu iqjm;a fjïjd˜ hs is;ñka ;ud

flfrys ffu;%sh jeãfuka wk;=rej Tyqg ;ud wkHhka yd

83 84

ixikaokh l< yel' ;ud iqjm;a ùug leu;s kï" ÿl wleue;s

kï" fndfyda l,a Ôj;a ùug wfmaCId lrhs kï" urKhg m;a ùug

wleue;s kï" tf,i wka yeuu iqjm;a ùug leu;s fj;a¦ ÿl

wlue;s fj;a¦ È.=l,a Ôj;a ùug wdYd lr;a¦ urKhg m;a ùug

wleue;s fj;a¦

fï wdldrhg iei£u msKsi ;ud WÞyrKhla f,i fhdÞ

.ksñka fhda.djprhd wfkla i;a;ajhkaf.a i;=g yd fi!Nd.Hh

m;k iy leu;s jk f;la j¾Okh lr .ekSug iu;a fõ' ula

ksido h;a nqÿkajykafia fufia jÞrd we;(

—ukiska ish,q ÈYdjkays fidhd .sho fld;ekl j;a ;udg

jeä m%shfhl= fidhd .ekSug fkd yelsh˜'

fï wdldrhg ish,q ÈYdjkays ish,q i;a;ajfhda wkHhkg

jvd ;ukagu m%sh lr;s' tfyhska ;udf.au wNsjDoaêh m;k

lsisfjl= wkqkag ysxid fkd l< hq;=h'

n d kq ß di È w f uu pd m . ;in ik CX ; u kÊ d h F; df Cp m j . s r Ñ

f djx ht ms mq:Q wF; mfrix ;u i r l d;i k ysx m uF dfud f

(Sam.I.75)

fï wkqj wm wkHhka yd ixikaokh lsÍu uÕska wmf.a

uki uDÿ yd lreKd iy.; lsÍu msKsi m<uqj wm flfrysu fu;a

jeäh hq;=h'

fuys my; ±lafjk is;=ú,s i;r jeãfuka Tng fuh l< yel(

1' uu wk;=frka ñfoïjd wyx wfjfrd fydñ&

2' uu udkisl fúokdfjka ñfoïjd wLHdmfccd fydñ&

3' uu ldhsl fõokdfjka ñfoïjd wkSf>d fydñ&

4' uu iqÅ; yd iemj;a fjïjd iqÇ wF;dkx mßyrdñ&

bÈka mqoa.,fhl=f.a uki wkqka flf¾ uDÿ" ldreKsl"

wjfndaOfhka hq;= yd iylïmkfhka hq;= tlla fõ kï" wka

mqoa.,hka flfrys ffu;%sh jeãfï .eg¨jla Tyqg ;sìh fkd yel'

t neúka Tn Tngu jevQ ffu;%sh Yla;su;a yd n,j;a ùu b;d

jeo.;a h' Tnf.a uki wkHhka flfrys uDÿ ldreKsl kï yd

iylïmkh" wjfndaOh iys; kï wka i;a;ajhkg ffu;%sh jeãug

wdrïN l< yel' bÈka fjk;a mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ

f.k ffu;%S OHdkh ,eîug Tn leue;af;ys kï my; ±lafjk

mßÈ Tn m%.=K l< hq;=h'

reÑlr jQ yd .re l< hq;= mqoa,fhl= fj; ffu;%sh me;srùu

Tn wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh fhdÞf.k p;=¾:

OHdkh ,nd we;akï Tnf.a is; §ma;su;a yd Èÿ,k wdf,dalh ksl=;a

lrk f;la h<s;a ta iudêh jeäh hq;=h' fï i|yd ´Þ; lisKh

mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh úfYaIfhka fhda.Hh' Þ; lisK

iudêh yd ne÷Kq wdf,dalfha iydh yd rel=, iuÕska ffu;%S

Ndjkdj jeãu Tng fnfyúkau myiq fõ' óg fya;=j kï p;=¾:

OHdk iudêh fya;=fjka ;Kaydj" oafõIh" fudayh yd wksl=;a

kSjrKhkaf.ka uki ksoyia ù ;sîuhs' tu wjia:dfõ p;=¾:

OHdkh w; yßkak' túg is; kuH" l¾uKH" mú;%" §ma;su;a yd

m%Ndiajrh' fï fya;=j ksid b;d iq¿ fõ,djl oS fï p;=¾: OHdk

iudêfha wdOdrfhka m%n, yd mQ¾K ffu;%shla jeãug Tng yels

jkafkah'

wdf,dalh Yla;su;a yd oSma;su;a jQ úg Tng ukdm jQ yd Tn

.re lrk ;eke;af;l= fj; - Tnf.a .=rejrhd fyda ñ;%

fhda.djprfhl= úh yel - Tnf.a is; fhduq lrkak' p;=¾:

OHdkfhka yg.;a wdf,dalh Tn jgd iEu ÈYdjlskau me;sfrkq

Tng fmfkkq we;' ffu;%S jeãu msKsi wruqKla jYfhka f;dard

.;a ljr fyda ;eke;af;l= tu wdf,dalh ;=< oDYHudk jkq we;'

blaì;s tu mqoa.,hdf.a jdä ù isák fyda isg f.k bkakd reÑlr

m%;srEmh .kak' Tn jvd;a u leu;s yd Tn jvdu;a i;=gg m;a

lrjk m%;srEmh f;dard .ekSug W;aidy lrkak' Tyqf.a

m%;srEmj,ska óg fmr Tyq b;d u i;=áka isákq Tn ÿgq wjia:djl

85 86

m%;srEmh f.k ta rej rshka 4 la fyda 5 la Tn bÈßfha fmfkkakg

i,iajd .kak' ta ;eke;a;d Tn bÈßfha meyeÈ,s j fmfkk l,ays

my; ±lafjk wdldrhg Tyq flf¾ ffu;%sh jvkak(

q immh f1' fï W;=ud ;rfyka$ ffjrfhka ñfoajd - w i ß d x=rw fõf d fyd;

m qx if dß2' fï W;=ud udkisl fõokdj,ska ñfoajd - w i m h

L f dc fy =w m c ;Hd d

m qx if dßw i mh k3' fï W;=ud ldhsl fõokdj,ska ñfoajd - w d fS >

y;f d =

m qx if d Fßw i m ;h Ç kx4' fï W;=ud iqjfia yd i;=áka isàjd - iq w d

ßyy r = ;

fï isjq wdldrhg ;=ka y;r jrla ta ;eke;a;d flfrys

ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' fuhska Tn jvd;au leu;s l%uh f;dard .kak'

WÞyrKhla jYfhka —fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd˜' bka miq

Wjÿrej,ska ñÿKq ta ;eke;a;df.a m%;srEmh wruqKla yeáhg f.k

—fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd" fï W;=ud ffjrfhka ñfoajd˜ hs h<s

h<s;a fndfyda úgla is;ñka ta mqoa.,hdg uq¿ yÈka u ffu;%sh

m;=rejkak' is; b;d ixiqka jQ úg ta wruqfKys iaÓr j msysá l,ays

OHdkdx. mj;S ±hs iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels ±hs n,kak' m%:u"

oaú;Sh yd ;D;Sh OHdk ,efnk f;la fkd kej; m%.=K lrkak'

bka miq ffu;%sh jeãfï b;sß l%u ;=fkka tlla ne.ska f.k ta tl

tlla ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la wLKavj m%.=K lrkak' Tn

fufia lroa§ fï isjq l%ufhys tla tla wkqrEm udkisl m%;srEmhla

Tng ;sìh hq;=h¡ —fï W;=ud ;rfyka ñfoajd˜ hs Tn is;k úg ta

mqoa.,hdf.a ;rfyka ñÿKq m%;srEmhla Ndú; l< hq;=h' fï

wdldrhg iqÿiq m%;srEm Ndú;d lrñka udkisl fõokdfjka ñÿKq"

YdÍßl fõokdfjka ñÿKq iy iqjfia yd i;=áka isák hk

wdldrj,g Tn OHdk ;=k jeäh hq;=h' blaì;s OHdkj,

m[apjiSNdj m%.=K lsÍu fkd lvjd lrf.k hd hq;=h'

Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk mqoa.,fhl= iïnkaOfhka

id¾:l jQ úg iu,sx.sl jQ fjk;a mqoa.,fhl= iïnkaOfhka o h<s

h<s;a W;aidy lrkak' Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk iu,sx.sl

mqoa.,hka oi fofkl= muK flf¾ fufia W;aidy lrñka ;D;Sh

OHdkh ,efnk f;la lrkak' fï wjia:dfõ§ iu,sx.sl jQ Ôj;aj

isák yd úfYaIfhkau m%sh lrk" wdorh lrk ^w;smshiydhl& wh

we;=<;a lr .; yel'

blaì;sj Tn uOHia: jQ oi fofkl= muK f.k ;D;Sh

OHdkh ,efnk f;la ta wdldrhgu ffu;%sh jvkak' fï oi fokd

o iu,sx.sl yd Ôj;ajk wh úh hq;=h'

wk;=rej Tng i;=re yd Tn wleue;s mqoa.,hka oi

fofkl= muK f.k fufia lrkak' ta whf.ka tla tla wfhl=

iïnkaOfhka ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' fï

oi fokdo iu,sx.sl yd Ôj;ajk wh úh hq;=h' Tn ;ukg ysxid

l< lsisfjl= i;=frl= yeáhg lsisÿ Èfkl fkd ie,l+ kkaÈh

fndai;=ka fuka —uyd i;a;ajfhl=˜ kï Tng we;a;gu i;=rka

ke;' wleue;s fyda .¾yd lrkq ,nk lsisfjl= ke;' túg tjeks

wfhl= fiùug fyda fhdÞ .ekSug Tng wjYH ke;' i;=rka fyda

.rykq ,nk ñksiqka isák wh muKla Tjqka flf¾ ffu;%sh jeäh

hq;=h'

fï wkqj ffu;%sh jeãfï fï l%uh m%.=K lsÍu uÕska

´kEu lKavdhula fhdÞ f.k ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd l%ufhka

iudêh jeãug Tng yels úh hq;=h' uki iqLkuH jQ úg ´kEu

lKavdhula fhdÞf.k OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug yels jk f;la

bÈßhg hd hq;= h'

mqoa., úfYaI;d is|,Su iSudiïfNao&

by; i|yka lKavdhï y;r flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd

ffu;%sh wLKav j jv;a u Tn m%sh lrk yd .re lrk wh;a" Tn

úfYaIfhka we,aula yd fnfyúka wdorhla olajk wh;a flfrys

jk Tnf.a ffu;%sh tl iudk jk nj Tng fmfkkq we;' túg

Tng fï ldKav fol tlg .; yel' tl,ays Tng b;sß jkqfha

ldKav y;rla muKs'

87 88

1' ;ud

2' ;ud leu;s mqoa.,fhla

3' ´kE u uOHia: ;eke;af;la

4' ´kE u i;=re flfkla

Tnf.a iudêh fï mqoa., lKavdhï i;r flfrysu iu nr

jQ yd úfYaI;ajhla fyda iSudjla fkdue;s tlla olajd jeäh hq;=h'

fuh idlaId;a lr .ekSug Tn W;aidy lroa§ Tnu wruqKla yeáhg

fhdÞ .ksñka ffu;%S iudêh ,nd .; fkd yels nj Tng fmkS hkq

we;' tf;l=ÿ jqj;a lKavdhï w;r úfYaI;ajh neyer lr .ekSu

msKsi Tn o we;=¿ lr .ekSu wjYHh'

fuh idlaId;a lr .ekSu msKsi Tnf.a uQ,sl Ndjkdjg th

wdkdmdki;sh fyda ´Þ; lisKh fyda úh yel - wdmiq hd hq;=h'

p;=¾: OHdkh olajd Tfí iudêh jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj wdf,dalh

Yla;su;a yd §ma;su;a jQ úg ffu;%sh Tn fj;g iq¿ fõ,djlg -

ñks;a;=jlg fyda ;;amr lSmhlg fyda - uqod yßkak' bka miq Tn

leu;s mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg .kak' ta mqoa.,hd flfrys

;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' blaì;sj uOHia:

mqoa.,fhl= .kak' ta mqoa.,hd flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk

f;la ffu;%sh jvkak' bkamiqj i;=re mqoa.,fhl= .kak' ta

mqoa.,hd flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la ffu;%sh jvkak'

blaì;sj h<s;a wrUkak' Tn fj;g fláfhka ffu;%sh

fhduq lrkak' tfy;a ±ka Tn leu;s fjk;a wfhl=g" fjk;a

uOHia: flfkl=g" Tng i;=re flfkl=g ffu;%sh lrkak'

wka;su ;=ka j¾.fha mqoa.,hkg ffu;%sh fhduq lsÍfï§ tla tla

wfhl= flfrys ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd th jeãug;a" —fï W;=ud

Wjÿrej,ska ñfoajd˜ hs wd§ jYfhka jQ l%u y;r Ndú; lsÍug;a tla

tla mqoa.,hd fjkqfjka ;D;Sh OHdkh olajd hdug;a u;l ;nd

.kak'

fï wdldrhg tla tla jghl§ wruqKq lrk mqoa.,hka udre

lrñka ;ud fj;" m%sh ukdm mqoa.,fhl= fj;" uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=

fj; yd i;=re mqoa.,hl= fj; ffu;%sh jvkak' fuh h<s h<s;a

fndfyda jrla lrkak' tuÕska Tnf.a uki úfYaIhla fkd ue;s j

mj;S' ljr fyda mqoa.,fhl=g úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;sj yd

ffu;%sfha úfYaI;ajhla fkd ue;sj iunrj ffu;%S iudêh jeãug

Tng yels jQ miq —iSudiïfNao hs y÷kajkq ,nk mqoa.,hka w;r

we;s úfYaI;ajh ì| fy¨jd kï jkafkah' ±ka Tng máiïNsÞ

u.a.fha fmkajd § we;s l%uh wkqj ffu;%sh jeãug yelshdj we;'

máiïNÞu.a.fha oelafjk ffu;%sh jvk l%uh my; i|yka

tajdhska iukaú; fõ'

1' msßú;r fkd l< me;srùï j¾. my wfkdÈfid MrK&

2' msßú;r l< me;srùï j¾. y; ´Èfid MrK&

3' ÈYd me;srùï oY j¾.h Èid MrK&

msßú;r fkd l< me;srùï j¾. my

^fjka jYfhka fkdf.k fmdÿ jYfhka& nn f ;;1' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda i i d&

&nn 2' ish¨ m%dKSyq if m d dK

nn3' ish¨ N+;fhda if N;+ d&

nnif d.,&4' ish¨ mqoa.,fhda m.q a

nnif m m k&5' ish¨ ;eke;af;da w;;Ndj d k ßh

msßú;r l< me;srùï j¾. y;

^fjka jYfhka f.k me;srùu&

nn1' ish¨ ia;%Syq if bFÓf d& h

nn2' ish¨ mqreIfhda if mßq id&

nnif ß d3' ish¨ wd¾hhka jykafia,d w h &nnif ßh &4' ish¨ wd¾h fkd jQfjda wk d

nn5' ish¨ foúfhda if fojd &

nn6' ish¨ ukqIHfhda if ukii & q d

nnif km l&7' ish¨ wmdh.dó i;a;ajfhda ú s d;s d

˜

89 90

ÈYd me;srùï oi j¾.h

1' kef.kysr

2' ngysr

3' ol=K

4' W;=r

5' .sksfldK

6' ksß;

7' jhU

8' BYdk

9' Wv

10' hg

ffu;%S Ndjkdfõ fï wÈhr jeãu i|yd Tn m<uqfjka

Ndjkdfõ uq,a wruqKg wdmiq meñKsh hq;= w;r ´\; lisKh

Ndú; lrñka p;=¾: OHdkh ,nk f;la h<s iudêh jeäh

hq;=h' blaì;sj by; úia;r l< mßÈ ;udg" m%sh lrk yd .re

lrk ;eke;a;dg" uOHia: mqoa.,hdg" i;=rdg" mqoa.,hka w;r

jk úfYaI;ajh bj;a jk f;la h<s h<s;a ffu;%sh jeäh hq;=h'

lsisÿ úfYaI;ajhla fkdue;sj ´kEu flfkl=g tl iudkj

ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn iu;a jQ l,ays wdY%u N+ñfha fyda Tn

jdih lrk .Dyfha Tn jgd yels ;dla úYd, N+ñhla f;dard

.kak' tys isák ishü i;a;ajhska wruqKla yeáhg .kak'

tu wjia:dfõ Tnf.a iudê.; Ñ;a;h fya;=fjka Tn §ma;su;a

yd Èÿ,k wdf,dalhla ,eìh hq;=h' úfYaI m%foaYhla f;dard.;a

úg yd tys ;=< isák i;a;ajhka wruqKla yeáhg .;a úg" tu

wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka ta ish¨ i;a;ajhka wdf,dal m%Ndj ;=<

isákq meyeÈ,sj o; yel' ta ish¨ i;=ka fï wdldrhg ÿgq úg

msßú;r fkd jQ me;srùï j¾. 5 yd msßú;r j¾. me;srùï j¾.

7 hgf;a ffu;%sh m%.=K lsÍug mgka.; yel' tkï Tn

ffu;%sfha 12 j¾.hl me;srùï lrñka isákafkysh' fï 12

j¾.fha tl tll 4 l%uhlg ffu;%sh me;srúh hq;=h'

1' ish,q i;a;ajfhda Wjÿrej,ska ñfo;ajd

2' ish,q i;a;ajfhda udkisl fõokdfjka ñfo;ajd

3' ish,q i;a;ajfhda ldhsl fõokdfjka ñfo;ajd

4' ish,q i;a;ajfhda iqjfia yd i;=áka isá;ajdfuf,i Tn 12«4 } 48 wdldrhlg ffu;%sh m;=rejkafkysh'

fï whqßka ffu;%sh m;=rejñka B <Õ l%uhg udreùug m%:u ;D;Sh OHdkhg <Õd jk f;la ffu;%sh me;srùfï tla tla ud¾.hla jeäh hq;=h' ;jo ffu;%sh Ndjkd OHdkfha wruqK jQ i;a;ajhka Tnf.a iudêfha yd m%×fõ wdf,dalh ;=<ska meyeÈ,sj oDYHudk úh hq;=h' ish¨ i;a;ajhkg fï ud¾. 4 u.ska ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn iu;a jQ úg B <Õ j¾.hg tkï ish¨ m%dKSkg udre jkak' tu j¾.hgo ta wdldr 4 gu ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' fï wdldrhg Tn l%udkql+,j i;a;ajhskaf.a m<uq j¾. 5 g ffu;%S lrkak'

B <Õ msßú;r jQ me;srùï 7 j¾.h lrd udrejk úg Tn ish¨ ia;%Skg ffu;%sh m;=rejkafkys kï ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn wÈgka lr.;a m%foaYh ;=< ish¨ ia;%Ska îudê& wdf,dalh ;=<ska ne,Sug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' tfiau ish¨ ñksiqka" foúhka" ksrfha isákakjqka wdoSkg ffu;%sh me;srùfï§ ffu;%sh me;srùug Tn wÈgka l< m%foaYh ;=< isák ish¨ ñksiqka" foúhka yd ksß i;=ka wd§ ish¨ fokd ne,Sug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' bka miqj fï 48 wdldrhg ffu;%sh me;srùfï ksmqKfhl= jk f;la fï whqßka Ndjkdj jeäh hq;=h' m%.+K l< hq;=h'

fufia lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg" Tn ffu;%sh m;=rejñka isák m%foaYh" uq¿ wdY%uh fyda ksji" uq¿ .u" uq¿ k.rhu" uq¿ m%dka;hu" uq¿ rg" uq¿ f,dalh" uq¿ fi!r.%y uKav,h" uq¿ laISr m:h yd wkka; úYajh we;=¿ jk fia mq¿,a lsÍug l%shd lrkak' ffu;%sh me;srùfï m%foaYh mq¿,a j;au" Tn th 48 l%uhg u jeäh hq;= w;r ;D;Sh OHdkhg <Õd jk f;la ta tl tlla jeäh hq;=h' bkamiq oi ÈYdjg ffu;%sh me;sÍug Tn iQÞkï jkafkysh'

oi ÈYdjkg ffu;%sh me;srùu

oi ÈYdjkg ffu;%sh me;srùu tllg me;srùï 48 ne.ska 10 ÈYdjg hkqfjka uq¿ tl;=j jQ 48«10 } 480& la ffu;%sh me;srùï l%uj,ska iukaú;h' óg fmr b.ekajQ mßÈ ffu;%sh me;srùfï l%u

91 92

48 o tl;= l< l,ays ffu;%sh me;srùï l%u ish,a, tl;=j 480¬48} 528 la fõ'

ÈYdjka wkqj ffu;%sh me;srùï m%.=K lsÍu i|yd Tng

kef.kysßka we;s uq¿ úYajh mqrd ish,q i;a;ajhka wruqKla

yeáhg .; hq;=h' wdf,dalh ;=<ska Tjqka oelsh yels kï Tjqkg

by; i|yka l< l%u 48 uÕska ffu;%sh m;=rejkak' blaì;s Tng

th u ngysrg yd l%udkql+,j wka ish¨ osYdjkgo me;sr úh yel'

fuh Tn iïmQ¾K l< l,ays fu;a;d iQ;%fha úia;r jk

l%uj,go ffu;%sh me;srúh yel th my; úia;r fõ&’

fï 528 l%uhg ffu;%sh me;srùu m%.=K lr wjika jQ úg

Tng oS> ksldfha yd wksl=;a ;ekaj, nqÿka jykafia olajd jÞ<

Wmfoiaj,g wkql+,j ffu;%sh jeäh yelafla flfia ±hs Tng

jegfykq we;' wx.=;a;r ksldfha nqÿka jykafia W.kajd jÞ<

ffu;%sh me;srùfï tfldf<dia jeoEreï wdksYxi w;am;a lr

.ekSug Tn iu;a jkq we;'

—fya ffu;%S iy.; is; tla ÈYdjlg m;=rejd jihs' ta wdldrhg

u fojeks" f;jeks yd isjq jeks ÈYdjg ^m;=rejd jihs&' fufia

Tyq uq¿ f,dju - by<" my<" isri" w;rla fkdue;s j iEu ;ek

u úmq, jQ" uy.a.; jQ" wm%udK jQ" wffjÍ jQ" wjHdmdo jQ ffu;%S

is; m;=rejd jihs¡

^

—uyfKks" ffu;%S Ñ;a; úuqla;sh oshqKq l, úg" jevQ l<" fnfyúka

m%.=K l< úg" hdkhla njg m;a l< úg" m%;sIaGdj njg m;a l<

úg" ixia:dmkh l< úg" jvd;a Yla;su;a l< úg" uekúka wdrïN

l< úg" wdksYxi jdis& tfld<yla wfmaCId l< yel' ta tfld<y

ljf¾ o@

fidfu;a;d iy.;k p;id tlx Èix tßFjd úyr;s ;:

ÿ;shx ;:d ;;shx ;:d p;=Fj b;s WèOufOd ;sßhx iínë

iínkFjdh iínjka;x f,dlx fu;;d iy.x;k fp;id úmqf,k

uy.a.f;k wmamudfKk wfjfrk wjHdmfÊck tß;ajd úyr;s'&

iqjfia ksohs; iqjfia wjos fjhs; mdmS jQ isysk fkd olS;

ñksiqkag m%sh fjhs; wukqIHhkag m%sh fjhs; foúfhda rls;s; .sks" úi

fyda wdhqO fyda Tyq lrd fkd ths; jyd is; iudê.; fjhs; uqyqK

m%ikak fjhs; isysuq<d fkdù l¿ßh lrhs; boska jvd;a by<

;;a;ajhlg m;a fkd jkafka kï nU f,dj WmÈkafka fõ˜'

(A.V.342)

; h ; u; ;dhCLfj q ; ; úhsf ;a d Ns fpf d ú d w N u d iú dh df

l h ;d ";d h dh" ;lqnyq,Sl;dh hdks jFM wkÜq ; mßÑ dh Àu l i lxd do dk disii roa h ta x má ' l fu t doi i d L (Od ; lq d

n C " d; L a v i "s k mmlx imq x m ; cq"smqi i iq máLq x x s ks ia;

k x y k du dk m h f ; w iq d x m h fy; foj;d fs d 'siaiaiq f d d "s us k

C i d ; j= x ; x'sL "s i ..a s x : d w jd ú j i x j lu ; g Ñ ;aia;ar kdk Fu fêh; j iïu d ,x rd;Lqi d u K úmm ioS ;" w <Q fy l l " Ka"s d S d f sa a

ma fk;d d .x á a yu f d;W;;ß w n f lm d f 's a m õ Cvc % , + y

"; ; d d;qh CLf ffu;;a d Ns j f d úu ;a hs wfi d Nú h d d ú ;p a h;d,l " h" : d " Ñ;lsn q dh h j lq ;h wk h m dh y dk F gq À d ßS ; " ;

d b ld iur ï dkis id dá x diiq oOh f t m L;d a l so x

Ydka; Ndjh idlaId;a lrf.k isàug tf,i Ôj;aùug;a

leu;s ;eke;a;d úiska l< hq;af;a fuhh( Tyq yelshdj we;s " iDcq"

w;Hka;fhkau wjxl" Tjoka §ug myiq" uDÿ" w;sudk fkd jQ" ;ud

i;= fohska iEySug m;a jQ" myiqfjka kv;a;= l< yels" ld¾h nyq,

ke;s" w,am jia;= we;s" Ydka;" ×kjka;" uekúka b÷rka md,kh

l<" .sys Þhlhka yd iïm¾lhla ke;s ;eke;af;l= jkafkah' Tyq

wka keKj;a wh úiska fÞia ke.sh yels" wdpdr fkd jQ iq¿ fyda

fohla fkd l< hq;=h'

fu;a;dksixi iq;a;

f ;a; iQ;%hu

93 94

Tyqf.a is;=ú,s ^fufia& úh hq;=h' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda

^YdÍßl& ikaf;daIfhka yd Ydka;sfhka hq;=j Ôj;a fj;ajd' ish,q

i;a;ajfhdaa udkisl jYfhka& iqjm;a fj;ajd'

lsisÿ jH;sf¾lhla fkdue;sj ish¨ i;a;ajfhda - ÿ¾j,"

Yla;su;a" È." uy;" uOHu" flá" l=vd yd ishqï" ÿgq yd lsis Þ fkd

ÿgq" wE; Ôj;ajk yd uE; Ôj;ajk" h<s Wmosk yd h<s fkd Wmosk

ish¨ i;a;ajfhda - iqjm;a fj;ajd'

ujla ;udf.a tlu orejd ;u Èúh mq\ /l .kSo" tf,i

ish¨ i;=ka flf¾ wkka; ffu;%sh jv;ajd'

wiSñ; jQ ffu;%s is; uq¿ úYajh mqrd Wv" my;" iri

iSudjlska f;drj" i;=relñka f;drj" oafõIfhka f;drj"

m;=rej;ajd' isg f.k isáñka" weúÈñka" ys|f.k isáñka"

je;sfrñka isáho" w,i núka ñoS isák ;dla l,a ksrka;r ffu;%sh

msysgqjñka isàu Ôj;a ùfï fY%aIaG ud¾.h hs lshkq ,efí'

ñ:Hd oDIaáhla fkd .ksñka" YS,fhka hqla;j yd ×kfhka

iukaú;j" lduhkays .scq nj neyer l< ;eke;af;a h<s;a

mqk¾Njhlg fkd meñfKkafkah'

fu;a; iQ;%h wkqj ffu;%sh me;srùfï l%uh fufiah(

1' ish,q i;a;ajfhda ldhsl& iqjfhka ji;ajd

2' ish,q i;a;ajfhda idufhka ji;ajd

3' ish¨ i;a;ajfhda udkisl& iqjh w;a ú¢;ajd

4' ÿ¾j, fyda Yla;su;a hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨

i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd

5' ud ÿgq fyda lsisÿ osfkl fkdÿgq i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨


6' wE; jik fyda <Õ jik hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨


7' h<s WmÈk fyda h<s fkd WmÈk hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨


8' È." flá fyda uOHu m%udKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta ish¨


9' uy;a" l=vd fyda uOHu m%udKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta

ish¨ i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd

10' ;r" flÜgq fyda uOHu m%uKfha hï i;a;ajfhla fõ kï ta

ish¨ i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajd

11' lsisfjla ;jla lsisfjl= fkd rjgdjd

12' lsisfjla lsisÿ ;ekl ljr fyda flfkl=g wjuka fkd

flf¾jd

13' lsisfjla lsisfjl=g ;ryska fyda oafõIfhka ysßyerhla fkd

flf¾jd

lreKd Ndjkdj

by; úia;r lrk ,o mßÈ ffu;%S Ndjkdj jvd we;akï"

lreKdj Ndjkd wruqKla yeáhg .ekSu Tng ÿIalr fkd úh

hq;=h' Tng lreKdj jeãug wjYH kï m<uq j ÿlg m;a" iudk

,sx.sl" Ôj;ajk ;eke;af;l= f;dard .; hq;=h' Tyqf.a fõokdj

fufkys lrñka Tn ta i;a;ajhd flfrys wkqlïmdj wjÈ lr .;

hq;=h'

blaì;s Tn Þ; lisKh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh hq;=h'

Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh §ma;su;a yd Yla;su;a kï" Tn f;dard .;a"

ÿlg m;a i;a;ajhd ta wdf,dalfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' iudê

wdf,dalfhka ta i;a;ajhd ±lsh yels jQ úg m<uqj ta mqoa.,hd mokï

fldg f.k ffu;%S Ndjkdj jeäh hq;=h' blaì;s j ta ffu;%S

OHdkfhka ke.S isg ta ÿla ú¢k mqoa.,hd wdrïuKhla yeáhg

f.k" —fï i;amqreIhd ÿflka ñfoajd˜ ^whx imamqßfid ÿlaLd

uqÉp;=& hs is;ñka lreKdj jeäh hq;=h' Tn fuh m%:u" oaú;Sh yd

;D;Sh OHdk yd tla tla OHdkhlg m[ap jiSh ,efnk f;la h<s

h<s;a fndfyda jrla l< hq;=h' blaì;sj Tn m%sh lrk mqoa.,fhl="

95 96

uOHia: mqoa.,fhl= yd i;=re mqoa.,fhl= flf¾ ffu;%sh jeãug

fhdÞ.;a l%uhg iudk f,i wkqlïmdj jeäh hq;=h'

meyeos,s f,iu fmfkk mßÈ i;=áka isák yd ÿlg m;a

fkd jQ i;a;ajhska flf¾ lreKdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj ksjka

wjfndaO fldg fkd .;a ish,q i;a;ajhska ksß f,dfjys bm§fï

NjH;djfhka ksoyia fkd jQjka yeáhg fufkys l< hq;=h'

mqk¾Nj ixidr jÜgh w;r;=r jQ .ufka oS Tjqka l< mdm l%shd

fya;=fjka yd ksß i;a;aj f,dalj, h<s bmoSfï wjÞkfuka ;ju;a

Tjqka ñoS fkdue;s neúka ish¨ i;a;ajhka ta mdm l%shdj, úmdl

ú£ug ;j ÿrg;a Ndckh jkafkdah' ;j o iEu i;a;ajfhl=u

lreKdjg wruqKla fõ' ula ksido h;a crd frda. yd urK

ÿxLfhka ñoS ke;s fyhsks'

fuh lsÍug Tn iu;a jQ l," mqoa.,hka i;r fokdg ;ud"

m%sh ukdm" uOHia: yd i;=re& ffu;%sh jevQ l%uhg iudk l%uhlg

lreKdj jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj mqoa.,hka w;r úfYaI;ajh neyer

fldg tla tla wjia:djl ;D;Sh OHdkh f;la lreKdj jeäh

hq;=h'

wk;=rej Tn lreKdj me;srùfï wdldr 132 jeäh hq;=h'

msßú;r fkd l< me;sr ùï my" msßú;r l< me;srùï y;" tlish

úiaila jQ osid me;srùïh' 5¬7¬ 10 ÈYd «12«120&} 132& tajd ffu;%S

Ndjkdj jeãfïoS fhdÞ.;a tajd yd iudkh'

uqÈ;d Ndjkd

uqos;d Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj iudk ,sx.sljQ"

Ôj;ajkakdjQ yd m%S;su;a jQo" Tn b;du;a wdorh lrk fukau ys;j;a

jQo mqoa.,fhl= f;dard.; hq;=h' Tn ÿgq úg Tn ;=gq mygq lrk

iemj;a ;eke;af;l= f;dard .kak'

blaì;sj Tn ´\; lisKh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh

hq;=h' Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh §ma;su;a yd Yla;su;a jQ l, Tn

f;dard .;a i;a;ajhd ta wdf,dalh ;=<ska iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tng

iudê wdf,dalh ;=<ska ta i;a;ajhd ±lSug yels jQ úg m<uqj ta

mqoa.,hd mdol fldg f.k ffu;%S Ndjkdj jvd OHdkhg

iujoskak' ffu;%S OHdkfhka ke.sg lreKd OHdkh jeäh hq;=h'

miqj thska ke.sg ta mqoa.,hd wruqKla yeáhg f.k" —fï i;a;ajhd

Tyq ,nd we;s iuDoaêfhka fjka fkdfõ jd ^fkd msßfyajd&˜ hs

is;ñka uqos;dj jvkak' ;D;Sh OHdkh ,efnk f;la h<s h<s;a th

jvkak'

bka miqj tu wdldrhgu m%sh;u mqoa.,fhl=g" uOHia:

mqoa.,fhl=g yd i;=frl=g uqos;dj jvkak' blaì;sj Tng" Tn yd

iudk mqoa.,fhl=g" uOHia: mqoa.,fhl=g yd i;=frl=g ;ks ;ks

mqoa.,hka w;r we;s úfYaI;ajh neyer lsÍug yels jk f;la

uqos;dj jvkak' wkka; úYajh ;=< isák ish,q i;a;ajhka

wruqKla yeáhg f.k 132 l%uhg - msßú;r fkd jQ me;srùï my

msßú;r jQ me;srùï y;" osYd me;srùï tlish úiai ^5¬7¬ ^10 ÈYd

«12}120&} 132& uqos;dj jvkak'

WfmlaLd WfmalaId& Ndjkdj

WfmalaId Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi Tn m<uqj ´Þ; lisKh

p;=¾: OHdkh olajd jeäh hq;=h' blaì;sj iudk ,sx.sl" uOHia:"

Ôj;aj isák mqoa.,fhl= f;dardf.k Tyq fj; ffu;%sh lreKdj yd

uqÈ;dj hk tl tlla ;D;Sh OHdkh f;la jvkak' ;D;Sh

OHdkfhka ke.sg" wdorh" m%sh wm%sh nj" m%fudaoh yd i;=g hk

fïjdg wdikak neúka n%yau úydr;%fha wjdis fufkys l< hq;=h'

blaì;sj Tn WfmalaIdj mdol fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh Ydka;

yeáhg fufkys l< hq;=h' wk;=rej idudkHfhka uOHia:

mqoa.,fhl= wruqKla yeáhg f.k Tyq flf¾ —fï i;a;ajhd

;udf.au l¾ufha ysñlrefjl= jkafkah˜ hs WfmalaIdj fufkys

l< hq;=h'

;D;Sh OHdkfha ffu;%sh" lreKdj yd uqos;dj hk tajdys wdOdrh

we;s neúka uOHia: mqoa.,hd mdol fldg f.k p;=¾: OHdkh

jeãug jeä fõ,djla fkd .; hq;=h' Bg miqj Tn m%sh lrk" Tn

97 98

jvd;a m%sh lrk yd i;=re ;eke;af;l= flf¾ WfmalaIdj p;=¾:

OHdkh olajd jeãug Tng mq¿jk' wk;=rej Tng" Tn leue;s"

uOHia: yd i;=re mqoa.,fhl= fj; mqoa., úfYaI;ajh neyer jk

f;la h<s h<s;a WfmaCIdfõ p;=¾: OHdkh jeäh hq;=h' wk;=rej

wkka; jQ úYajh ;=< isák ishü i;a;ajhska wruqKla yeáhg

f.k msßú;r fkd jQ me;sr ùï my" msßú;r jQ me;srùï y;" ÈYd

me;srùï tlish úiai ^5¬7¬ ^10 ÈYd «12}120&} 132& hkqfjka

iukaú; 132 wdldrhg WfmalaIdj jeäh hq;=h'

nqÿ.=K isys lsÍu nqoaOdkqiai;s&

iQ;%j, ±lafjk md,s mdGh wkqj fuu Ndjkdj jeäh yels

nqÿ .=K kjhla we;' daod— d d. y ïu ïn o f N j wr i f O msb s i i q; x

c i d ïuú dpr ïm kd i.q f;d f,dlú¥ wk;q ;a fr mßq io drÒ ac K k a if

faj k k d 'iF f a u iq i x nq d N.j ;s :d o a Ooth fufia mßj¾;kh l< yel'

nqÿrcdKka jykafia il,úO Ñ;a; laf,aYhka úkdY lr

mQcdjg iqÿiq jk fial ^wryx&' Wkajykafia iïud iïnqoaO;ajh

u f;uka jykafiau ,enQ fial î u i n oOd&' Wkajykafia u× cdp K ï kd fakfhka yd YS, .=Kfhka mßmQ¾Kh ^ú r kÊ 'i a&mWkajykafia ys; msKsi jQ i;H jQ jpk muKla j\rk fial

î.q f;d &' Wkajykafia f,dalh okakd fial ^f,dlú¥ &'

Wkajykafia yslauúh hq;a;ka yslauùfï,d wkqka;r kdhlhd jk a i &d ïu wk;q ;a fr mßq io drÒ 'fial ^ Wkajykafia foúhkaf.a yd

j k kiF f a u iq i x:d o a &ukqIHhkaf.a .=rejrhd jk fial ^ '

f Od&Wkajykafia nqoaO;ajhg m;a jQ fial ^nq Wkajykafia mQ¾j o '

.jdl=Y, l¾uj, Nd.Hhkaf.a fY%aIaG;u iajdñhd jk fial' N &'

fï Ndjkdj b.ekaùu msKsi" iudêh jeãu Wfoid m%:u

—wryx˜ .=Kh Wmfhda.s fldg .; hq;af;a flfia ±hs ±laùug

WÞyrKhla fokafkuq(

wryx .=Kfha f;areï myla we;' tajd kï(

1' laf,aY O¾uhka yd <eÈlï ksrjfYaIfhka neyer l< fyhska o"

ta ish,af,ka ÿre jQ fyhska o nqÿka jykafia mQcdjg iqÿiq jQ

fial wryx&'

2' Wkajykafia wry;a u. kï jQ wismf;ka ish¨ flf<iqka lmd

yßk ,o fyhska nqÿka jykafia mQcdjg iqÿiqjk fial wryx&'

3' Wkajykafia wúoHdj yd ;DIaKdj uq,a fldg we;s

máÉpiuqmamdoh kue;s pl%fha wr lmd jekiQ fyhska nqÿka

jykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'

4' Wkajykafia W;a;u jQ YS," iudê yd m%× hk .=Khkaf.ka

iukaú; jk fyhska w.% jQ n%yau" foaj yd ukqIH mQcdjka ,enQ

fial' tfyhska Wkaykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'

5' yqfol,dfõ§ fyda wkHhka úiska fkd olakd ,o l,ays fyda

ryiska j;a Wkaykafia lhska" jpkfhka fyda is;ska mdmhla

fkd lrk fial' tfyhska Wkajykafia —wryx˜ kï jk fial'

fufia fï Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi m<uqj Tn nqÿka jykafia

—wryx˜ jkqfha l=ula ksid oe hs fï fya;= my lg mdvï lr.; hq;=

w;r tajd u;lfhka lSug yels muKg iu;a jk f;la W.; hq;=h'

blaì;sj fï Ndjkdj jeãug Tn wfmaCId lrkafkys kï

ish,a,g m<uqj Þ; lisKh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh fyda

wdkdmdki;sh mokï fldg .;a p;=¾: OHdkh h<s msysgqjd .;

hq;=h' ta iudêfhka my< jQ wdf,dalfha wdOdrfhka Tn óg fmr

oel we;a;djQ;a" Tn jvd leue;s jQ;a" mqokq ,enqjd jQ;a nqÿ ms<suhla

wdj¾ckh l< hq;=h' tfia wdj¾ckh lrk ,o ms<suh iudêh

jeãug wruqKla yeáhg .; hq;= h' Tn tu ms<suh meyeÈ,sj ÿgq

l,ays th we;a; jYfhkau nqÿka jykafiau hhs Wml,amkh

lrkak'

boska w;S; Njhl Tn nqÿka jykafia isheiskau ±lSug

jdikdjka; jQfjl= úKs kï i;H nqÿka jykafiaf.a rEmh Tnf.a

u;lhg kef.kq we;' blaì;sj Tn nqÿka jykafiaf.a yqÿ ms<suhg

99 100

fkdj Wkajykafiaf.a .=Kj,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' boska Tn

nqÿka jykafiaf.a ms<suh wdj¾ckh lsÍug W;aidy lrkafkys kï

yd Wkajykafiaf.a i;H rEmh u;= fkd jkafka kï túg Tn isys

l< nqÿ ms<suh i;H jYfhkau nqÿka jykafia hhs is;d .kak' Bg

wk;=rej nqÿka jykafiaf.a .=K isys lsÍug W;aidy .kak' by;

i|yka l< —wryx˜ ks¾jpkj,ska Tn jvdu;a leue;s ljr fyda

.=Khla .ekSug mq¿jk' tu .=Kh wruqKla yeáhg f.k th

—wryx˜ —wryx˜ hs h<s h<s;a iaurKh lrkak'

Tnf.a iudêh jefvk úg yd n,j;a jk úg nqoaO m%;sudj

w;=reoyka fjhs' Tn f;dard.;a .=Kfhys msysgd is; Ydka;j

iudê.; fjhs' ta .=Kh wruqKla ùu;a iuÕ mehla muK uki

iudê.; jQ l,ays yd Ydka; jQ l,ays OHdkdx. mj;S oehs mÍCId l<

hq;=h' tfy;a fuys § OHdkhg <Õd úh yelafla Wmpdr OHdkh

olajd muKs' Tng nqÿka jyiafiaf.a wfkl=;a .=Ko fï iudk

wdldrhg jeäh yels w;r fï Ndjkdjg wÞ< m[ap jiSh ,nd

.ekSug o m%.=K lrkak'

uD; YÍrhl ms<sl=,a nj ms<sn| Ndjkdj wY=N Ndjkdj&

uD; YÍrhl ms<sl=,a nj mdol fldg .;a Ndjkdj jeãu

msKsi Þ; lisKh fyda wdkdmdki;sh fhdÞ f.k p;=¾: OHdkh

h<s msysgqjd .ekSfuka werôh hq;=h' ta iudêfhka yg.;a wdf,dalh

§ma;su;a yd meyeÈ,s jQ úg yd Tn yd;ami m%Ndiajr jQ úg Tn óg

fmr oel we;s iudk ,sx.sl jQ fnfyúkau ms<sl=,a jQ uD; YÍrh

Tnu hhs wruqKla yeáhg .kak' Tnf.a wdf,dalfhka tu uD;

YÍrh wdj¾ckh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tn ta wdf,dalfha

iydhfhka ta kï yßhgu Tn fmr ÿgq foau hhs ne,Sug W;aidy

.kak' Tng th fï wdldrhg meyeÈ,s f,i ±lsh yels jQ l,ays

Tng yels jvd;au ms<sl=,a iy.; f,i th foi n,kak' ta u;

Tnf.a uki Ydka; yd iudê.; lr —ms<sl=,a˜ —ms<sl=,a˜ ^mál+,"

mál=,& hs fufkys lrkak'

mehla fyda folla uD; YÍrh wruqK flfrys Tnf.a uki

ia:djrj iudê.; lsÍug yels jQ l,ays W.a.y ksñ;af;a isg máNd.

ksñ;a;g udre jkq Tn w;a olskq we;'

W.a.y ksñ;a; Tnf.a oEiska jrla ÿgq uD; YÍrhg

w;Hka;fhkau iudk jQ wdj¾ð; m%;srEmhhs' W.a.y ksñ;a;

wm%ikak Nhxlr yd ;e;s .kakd iq¨ o¾Ykhla fõ' tfy;a máNd.

ksñ;a; nv msfrk ;=re wkqNj fldg y;r .d;h oud je;sr isák

ñksfil= fia fmfka'

Tn ta máNd. ksñ;a;g —ms<sl=,a˜ —ms<sl=,a˜ hs h<s h<s;a

wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;= h' Tnf.a uki mehla fyda folla

ksrka;rfhkau ta wruqfKys t,an f.k isák úg OHdkdx.

meyeos,s fõ' tajd meyeos,s l,ays m%:u OHdkhhs' fï wdldrhg

OHdkfha m[ap jiSh jvkak'

urKdkqiauD;sh

uyd i;smÜGdk md<s iQ;%hg yd úiqoaê u.a. wgqjdjg wkqj

urKdkqiauD;sh Tn fmr ÿgq uD; YÍrh u; mokï fldg f.k

jeãug mq¿jk' tneúka urKdkqiauD;sh jeãu i|yd u< isref¾

ms<sl=, mokï fldg.;a m%:u OHdk iudêhg h<s;a we;=¿ úh hq;=h'

bka miq ta ndysr u< isrer wruqKla yeáhg f.k m%:u OHdkhg

jka úg —uf.a YÍrho fuf,i uefrk iq¨ jQjls' tAldka;fhkau

th fï wdldrhgu urKhg m;a fõ' fuf,i ùfuka .e,ùug

kqmq¿jk˜ hs fufkys l< hq;=h' ;udo urKhg m;ajk iq¨ nj

ms<sn|j uki iudêfhka yd i;sfhka hq;=j ;eîfuka Tng ixfõ.

yeÕSula we;s jkq we;' fï ±kqu Tn ;=< msysá l,ays Tnf.au

YÍrho ms<sl=,a lghq;= u< isrerla fia olskq we;' blaì;s Tnf.au

u< isref¾ m%;srEmfha Ôúf;akaøsh myj f.dia we;ehs wjfndaO lr

.ksñka Ôú; ú[aØKh myùfï wruqK ms<sn|j Ndjkd lsÍu;a

iudê.; lsÍu;a Tn l< hq;=h' ta ms<sn| is; iudys; fjoa§(

1' ud urKhg m;a ùu ksh;h; Ôú;h wksh;h ûrKx fu Oqjx'

Ôú;x fu woaOqjx&

101 102

2' uu ksh; jYfhkau urKhg m;a fjñ urKx fu Núiai;s&

3' uf.a Ôú;h urKfhka fl<jr fõ ûrKmßfhdidkx fu

Ôú;x&

4' urKh" urKh urKx urKx&

hk jelsj,ska tlla isyshg .; hq;=h' fïjd w;ßka Tn leu;s

ljrla fyda wjOdkh fhduq lsÍfï uÕla yeáhg f.k th ljr

fyda NdIdjlska Tng isyshg .; yel' Tnf.a u< YÍr m%;srEmfha

Ôúf;akaøsh myùfï wruqK u; mehla fyda folla Ydka; f,i

ukisldr lsÍug iu;a jk f;la ù¾hh l< hq;=h' m%.=K l< hq;=h'

Tng fuh lsÍug yels úg m[ap OHdkdx. Wm§' tfy;a fï Ndjkd

wdrïuKfhka W.a.y iudêh muKla ,eìh yel'

ffu;%S" nqoaOdkqiauD;s" wiqN Ndjkd" urKdkqiauD;s hk

Ndjkd wruqKq i;r wdrCId p;=¾:h" —p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd˜ hs lshkq

,efí' ula ksido h;a tajdg fhda.djprhd wfkal úO

wka;rdhhkaf.ka wdrCId lsÍug yels fyhsks' ta fya;=j ksid

úo¾Ykd jeãug fmr fïjd bf.kSu;a jeãu;a b;d jeo.;ah'

fï>sh iQ;%fha ^wka.='111'109& fufia mjid we;' —ldu

;DIaKdj neyer lsÍu i|yd wiqNh jeäh hq;=h' oafõIh neyer

lsÍu i|yd ffu;%sh jeäh hq;=h' wkjiaÓ; is;=ú,s is|,Su i|yd

wdkdmdki;sh jeäh hq;=hs'˜

fï iQ;%hg wkqj wiqN Ndjkdj ldu ;DIaKdj neyer

lr,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh fõ' by; b.ekajQ mßÈ Ndjkdj

jvkafkys kï wú[aØKl u< isref¾ ms<sl=, wú[ØKl wiqN&

hs lshkq ,efí' .sßudkkao iQ;%fha W.kajd jÞ< mßos" YÍrfha

fldgia 32 iys; Ôj;a jk i;a;ajfhl= .ekSu;a" ms<sl=,a jYfhka

tajdg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu;a" Ôj;a jk lh u; ms<sl=,

îú[aØKl wiqN& kñka ye¢kafõ' Ôjudk YÍrhla fyda

wú[aØK û<& YÍrhla u; wY=N Ndjkd folu ldu ;DIaKdj

neyer lr ,Sfï wdhqOh'

ffu;%sh jeãu oafõIh neyer lr,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh

yeáhg ie,lsh yel' wdkdmdk i;sh wiudys; is;=ú,s neyer lr

,Sfï fyd|u wdhqOh yeáhg ie,lsh yel'

tfyhska fhda.djprhd ;=< rd.h we;s fõ kï wiqN Ndjkd

jeäh hq;=h' bÈka oafõIh mek k.S kï yd n,j;a fõ kï ffu;%sh

jeäh hq;=h' Ndjkd yd Y%oaOdj ÿ¾j, fõ kï yd uki W\iSk fõ

kï Tyq nqoaOdkqiai;sh Ndú; l< hq;=h' ixfõ. wvq fõ kï yd

ù¾hfha yd Ndjkdfõ ukafÞ;aidyS fõ kï urKh ms<sn| iauD;sh

ûrKdkqiai;s& jeäh hq;=h'

Od;= p;=Ial Ndjkd jeãfï l%uh

p;=Od;=jjF:dk Ôd;= p;=ialh& Ndjkdj jeãu msKsi

flá yd iúia;r hkqfjka l%u folla fm< fmd;aj, oelafõ' fuys

meyeÈ,s flfrk flá l%uh ;shqKq kqjK we;s wh Wfoid jk w;r

iúia;r l%uh flá l%uh uÕska wjfndaO lr .ekSug ÿIalr jQjka

Wfoidh'

nqÿkajykafia i;smÜGdk iQ;%fha flá l%uh W.kajd jÞ<

fial' —NslaIqj ljr wdldrhlg fï YÍrh msysáh;a" ;snqK;a" lh

ms<sn|j fufia fufkys lrhs( fï YÍrfha yqfola mGú Od;=j"

wdfmda Od;=j" f;afcda Od;=j yd jdfhda Od;=j muKla we;af;ah˜'

úY=oaê ud¾.h fuh ;j ÿrg;a meyeÈ,s lrhs( —ta wkqj

m<uqj fï Ndjkdjg jeãug wjYH ;shqKq kqjKla we;s ;eke;a;d˜

blaì;s ;u uq¿ rEmldh flfrys is; fhduq lrhs' fï whqßka

fláfhka iïu¾Ykh lrhs' —fï lfha hula ;oo f.dfrdaiqo ta

mGú Od;=jhs' hula je.sf¾ o wef,ao ta wdfmda Od;=j hs' f;afcda

Od;=j" jdfhda Od;=j hkqfjka kej; kej;;a ukisldr l< hq;=h'

tkï yqÿ Od;= yeáhgh' i;a;ajfhl= yeáhg fkd fõ' wkd;au

yeáhgh˜' fï wdldrhg Tyq ù¾h jvk l,ays jeä l,a fkd f.dia

Tyq ;=< iudêh WmoS' Od;= j¾.SlrKh wdf,dalj;a lrk

wjfndaOh u.ska n,.kajkq ;yjqre lrkq& ,efí' th yqÿ m%fõYla

muKs' <Õd ùula ke;' ula ksid o h;a ;ks ;ks fldgia tys

103 104

wruqKq yeáhg f.k we;s fyhsks'

ke;fyd;a úl,am f,i uyd N+; i;r i;a;ajfhl=

fkdue;s nj fmkaùu wruqKq fldg f.k ießhq;a uy

f;rekajykafia fmkajd jÞ< fï rEm fldgia i;r we;' tkï

weg" kyr" uia yd iu hk tajdhska wjldYh jg fldg isá úg zrEmZ

hk kduh ,efí u'1'1'190& fï tl tlla fufia by;& ±lajQ mßÈ

fjka lrñka ksYaph l< hq;=h' fïjdfhys ;o .;sh tys wruqK

yeáhg ''''''' vsmxi43&

md wjqla fgdahd W.kajk l%uh kï uq¿ isrer u iïu¾Ykh lsÍu hs'

1' mGú Od;=j - ;o" r¿" nr" isks÷" uDÿ" ieye,a,q

2' wdfmda Od;=j - je.sfrk" wef,k

3' f;afcda Od;=j - WIaK" YS;

4' jdfhda Od;=j - wdOdr jk" ;,a,q lrk f;rmk&

mGú Od;=jg wh;a .+K yh Oïuix.KSfhys olakd ,efí'

(^P170para647) tajd md<sfhka" llaL,x" uqÿlx" iKayx" Mreix"

.relx" ,yqlx fõ'

wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda Od;= .=K ±lafjk md<s jpk

ms<sfj,ska fufia h(

wdfmda - m.a>rK" wdnkaOk fyda ix.y

f;afcda - WKay" iS;

jdfhda - ú;a:ïNk" iuq§rK

fï Ndjkdj jeãug bf.kSu msKsi jrlg tl ne.ska Od;=

i;frys .+K fkdfyd;a ,laIK fod<y tl tlla iïu¾Ykh

lsÍug W.; hq;= h' idudkHfhka wOqkslhdg m<uq j jvd;a myiq

tajd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug;a" jvd wudre tajd miqjg ;eîug;a

b.ekaúh hq;= h' tajd idudkHfhka fï ms<sfj,g W.kajkq ,efí'

;,a¨ lsÍu ^f;rmSu&" ;o"r¿" nr" wdOdr jk" isks÷" uDÿ" ieye,a¨"

WKqiqï" YS;" wef,k yd je.sfrk hkqfjks' tla tla ,laIKhla

m<uqj YÍrfha tla ;ekl iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;s uq¿ YÍrh

mqrd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .; hq;=h'

1' ;,a¨ lsrSu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu

iam¾Yh ms<sn| ±lSfuka hq;=j" Tn yqiau .kakd úg ysfia ueo

flfrk ;,a¨ lsÍu ms<sn|j mÍCIdldÍ ùfuka Tng wdrïN l<

yel' tys ;,a¨ lsÍu iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg"

YÍrfha ta wi, jQ ;j;a ;eklg Tnf.a ta l,amkdldrS nj udre

l< hq;=h' h<s;a ta .ek úuid ne,sh hq;=h' fï wdldrhg

m<uqfjka ysfiys" bkamiqj f.f,ys" lf|ys" w;aj," ll=,a yd

m;=,aj, fïjd iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jkq we;' Tnf.a

wjOdkh fhduq lrjk lfha ljr ;ekl fyda ;,a¨ lrk .;sh

myiqfjka ±l .ekSug yelsjk f;la Tn fuh h<s h<s;a l<

hq;=h'

W.=f¾ msgqmi jdhq f;rmqu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu myiq fkd fõ kï

yqiau .kakd úg Wrh mq¿,ajk úg fyda há nv fi,fjk úg

fyda isÿ jk f;rmqu wjOdkhg .ekSug W;aidy lrkak' boska

fïjd meyeos,s fkd jkafka kï yoj; reêrh úosk úg kdä

jeàu fyda fjk;a m%lg f;rmqula iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy

.kak' fld;ekl fyda fi<ùula we;akï tys f;rmqula o we;'

Tn fld;eklska fyda mgka .kafkys kï Tnf.a wjfndaOh

fiñka j¾Okh jk wdldrhgu lrf.k hkak' túg Tng uq¿

lh mqrd u f;rmqu iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

2' Tng fuh l< yelsh hs iEySulg m;a úh yels kï" ;o .;sh

iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' o;aj, ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh

lsÍfuka wrUkak' Tnf.a o;a tlg imkak' tajd fl;rï ;o

±hs yÕskak' bka miq Tnf.a iemqu nqre,a lrkak' o;aj, ;o

.;sh yÕskak' fuh yeÕ=kdg ^±kqkdg& miqj f;rmqu

iïu¾Ykh lsÍug fhdÞ .;a l%uhgu ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿

YÍrh mqrdu l%udkql+,j ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy

.kak' ys;d u;du YÍrfha fkd bjiqï .;s we;s fkd lsÍug j.

n,d .; hq;=h'

105 106

uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ l,

h<s;a uq¿ isref¾ f;rmqu .ek úuis,af,ka n,kak' ysi isg

fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd f;rmqu;a uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;o

.;sh;a h<s h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lrñka fï fol - f;rmqu yd ;o

.;sh - udrefjka udrejg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tng fuh l<

yels hhs iEySug m;a jk f;la fndfyda jdrhla fuu l%shdj,sh

lrkak'

3' f;rmqu yd ;o .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg r¿

.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tnf.a o;aj, w.

w;=,a,kak' r¿ .;sh Tng ±fkkq we;' ±ka" by; ±lajQ mßÈ"

uq¿ YÍrh mqrd r¿ .;sh l%udkql+,j iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy

.kak' Tng r¿ .;sh fkd ±fka kï" h<s;a f;rmqu yd ;o .;sh

olsñka W;aidy lrkak' ta fol;a iuÕ fuh iïu¾Ykh

lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd h<s

h<s;a f;rmqu" ;o .;sh yd r¿ .;sh jrlg tl ne.ska

iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

4' fï ,CIK ;=k iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels hhs iEySug m;a jQ

úg" uq¿ YÍrh mqrd nr .;sh foi úuis,af,ka n,kak' Tnf.a

Tfvdlal=j ;=< tla w;la wksl u; ;eîfuka wrUkak' Wv

we;s w; nr nj Tng ±fkkq we;' ke;fyd;a Tnf.a ysi

bÈßhg ;eîfuka nr .;sh ±l .; yel' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd nr

.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lsÍu

fkd lvjd lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd f;rmqu" ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh

yd nr .;sh hk ,CIK y;r udrefjka udrejg fidaÈisfhka

úuikak'

5' fï ,CIK y;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels hhs Tn iEySug m;a jQ

úg uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wdOdr jk .;sh .ek úuis,su;a jkak'

Tnf.a fldkao ,sys,a lsÍfuka nqre,a lsÍfuka wrUkak' Tnf.a

isrer bÈßhg kefuhs' bka miq Tnf.a YÍrh fl<ska lr iDcqj

;nd .kak' YÍrh fl<ska ksYap, yd iDcq f,i ;nd .kakd n,h

wdOdrhhs' ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s wdOdr jk

.;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lsÍu

È.gu lr f.k hkak' boska Tng fuh lsÍfï wmyiq;djla

we;akï ;o .;sh iuÕ wdOdrh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy l<

yel' th wdOdrh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug myiq jk fyhsks'

wdOdrh myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg uq¿

YÍrh mqrdu ;,a¨ lsÍu" ;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh" nr .;sh yd wdOdrh

hk ,CIK .ek mÍCId lr n,kak’

6' fï my iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg Tnf.a Èj f;df,a

we;=¿ me;a; îsks÷ .;sh yefÕkq jia& ;o lrñka msßlaikak'

blaì;sj uq¿ YÍrh mqrd isks÷ .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk

f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lrf.k hkak' bka miq Tfí isrer

,sys,a lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd isks÷ .;sh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug

yels jk f;la l%udkql+,j m%.=K lrñka hkak' ±ka Tng ;,a¨

lsÍu" ;o nj" r¿ nj" nr nj" wdOdrh yd isks÷ nj uq¿ YÍrh

mqrd úuid ne,sh yel'

7' B <Õg Tfí f;d,a f;;a lrñka Èj f;d,a u; me;af;ka me;a;

w;=,a,kak' bka miq j fmr mßÈ uq¿ YÍrh mqrd fudf,dla .;sh

iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la m%.=K lrkak' jrlg tl

ne.ska uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ,CIK y; úuid n,kak'

8' B <Õg tla weÕs,a,la by<g yd my<g Tijñka tys ieye,a¨

nj yÕsñka ksÍCIKh lrkak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ieye,a¨ nj

iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jk f;la m%.=K lrkak' by; meyeÈ,s

l< mßÈ ,CIK wg úuid n,kak'

9' B <Õg uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s WIaKh úuid n,kak' fuh lsÍu

idudkHfhka myiqh' Tng ±ka ,laIK kjhla iïu¾Ykh l<

yelsh'

10' B <Õg yqiau kdisldj ;=<g we;=¿ jkjd;a iuÕ tys we;s jk

isis,a nj yÕsñka YS; nj úuid n,kak' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd th

107 108

l%udkql+,j iïu¾Ykh lrkak' ±ka Tng ,laIK oyhla

iïu¾Ykh l< yel'

igyk ( by; i|yka ,CIK oyhu iDcqju iam¾Y bkaøsh uÕska ±l

.; yel' tfy;a wjika ,CIK fol - je.sfrk nj yd we,Su

wka ,CIK oyh mokï fldg .;a wkqudkh uÕska oek.; yel'

th" ta fol wjidkhg b.ekaùug fya;=jhs'

11' wef,k nj iïu¾Ykh lsÍu i|yd YÍrh ifuka" udxYj,ska yd

kyrj,ska tlg w,a,d f.k isákafka flfia oehs fiú,af,ka

isáh hq;=h' reêrh ne¨khla ;=< j;=r fuka ord isákq ,efí'

we,Sulska f;dr jQ úg YÍrh fjka fjka fldgiaj,g yd

wKqj,g leã jefgkq we;' .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h o - fuh

YÍrh fmd<jg w<jd ;nhs - we,Suls' fuh o by; mßÈ

jvkak'

12' je.sÍu iïu¾Ykh lsÍu msKsi lgg fl< bkSu" reêrh Ouks

u.ska f.k hdu" fmky¨j,g jd;h msÍu" YÍrh mqrd WIaKh

me;sÍ hdu ms<sn| mÍCId lsÍu u.ska mgka .; hq;=h' by; mßÈ

fuh jvkak'

je.sÍu fyda we,Su iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy lsÍfïoS

ÿIalr;djla w;a ú£ug isÿ fõ kï" m<uqj uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wksl=;a

,CIK oyh jrlg tl ne.ska iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Tn fuys

olaIjQ úg we,Su kï jQ ,CIKho meyeos,s jk nj Tng fmfkkq

we;' boska we,Su ;ju;a meyeÈ,s njg m;a fkd jkafka kï yqfola

;,a¨ lsÍu yd ;o .;sh hk ,CIK folg muKla h<s h<s;a

wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' wjidkfha§ uq¿ YÍrh ,Kq ler,sj,ska

T;d we;a;d fia Tng yeÕS hdhq;=h' túg fuh we,Su kï jQ ,CIK

yeáhg iïu¾Ykh l< yelsh' je.sÍï ,CIKh Tng meyeÈ,s

njg m;a fkd fõ kï YS;" WIaK fyda ;,a¨ lsÍu hk ,CIK iuÕ

tlg wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' túg je.sÍfï ,CIKh iïu¾Ykh

lsÍug Tng yels úh hq;=h'

fï ,CIK fÞ<y ysi isg fom;=, olajd uq¿ YÍrh mqrd

meyeos,sj iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng yels kï Tn fï ms<sn|j h<s

h<s;a iïu¾Ykh lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;=h' Tng fuh l< yels hhs

iEySulg m;aúh yels kï th óg fmr oS we;s ms<sfj,g h<s ilid

.; hq;=h' tkï ;o" r¿" nr" uDÿ" isks÷" ieye,a¨" je.sfrk"

wef,k" WIaK" YS;" wdOdrl yd ;,a¨ lrk hkqfjks' fï ms<sfj,

mdúÉÑ lr ysi isg fom;=, olajd jrlg tl ne.ska tla tla

,CIKhla iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .kak' Tng fuh b;du;a

blaukska - ñks;a;=jlg jg ;=kla olajd - lsÍug yels fia jvkak'

fufia m%.=K lr f.k hk úg iuyr fhda.djprhka yg

Od;= iu nr fkd fõ' iuyr Od;= w;Hêl yd ±ßh fkd yels ùfï

m%jK;d ;sìh yel' úfYaIfhka ;o .;sh" WIaK .;sh yd ;,a¨

lsÍu wêl f,i n,j;a úh yel' bÈka fujekakla we;s jqjfyd;a

wêl jQ ,CIKfha úreoaO ,CIKhg jeämqr wjOdkh fhduq l<

hq;=h' iudêh ta wdldrhg jeãu lr f.k hd hq;=h' fuh Od;=

h<s;a iu nr lrkq Tng ±lsh yel' fï wruqK we;sj ,CIK

fÞ<y m<uqj W.kajk ,oafoa' Od;=ka iunr jQ úg iudêh ,eîu

jvd;a myiq fõ'

Od;= iu nr lsÍfï§ m%;súreoaO hq., kï( ;o yd fudf<dla"

f.dfrdaiq yd isks÷" nr yd ieye,a¨" je.sfrk yd wef,k" WIaK yd

YS;" ord isák yd ;,a¨ lrk hkqhs'

fï hq.,j,ska tlla m%udKhg jvd wêl fõ kï Bg

m%;súreoaO ,CIKhg wjOdkh fhduq fldg iu nr lrkak'

WÞyrKhla jYfhka je.sfrk ,CIKh wêl kï we,Su flfrys

wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' wdOdrl ,CIKh wêl kï ;,a¨ lsÍu

flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' b;sß tajdgo óg iudk f,i

ms<shï l< yel'

uq¿ YÍrfha ,CIK fÞ<y iïu¾Ykh lsÍfuys ,d olaI

njg m;a jQ úg yd ,CIK meyeÈ,s jQ úg uq,a yh tlg .;a l, mGú

109 110

Od;=j f,i;a" B <Õ fol tlg .;a l, wdfmda Od;=j f,i;a"

wjidk fol jdfhda Od;=j f,i;a is;g .; hq;=h' is; Ydka; lr

.ekSug;a" iudêh ,nd .ekSug;a mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda Od;=

iïu¾Ykh lsÍu fkd lvjd lrf.k hd hq;=h' ish jrla oyia

jrla fyda ñ,shk jrla fyda h<s h<s;a fuh lr f.k hd hq;=h'

fï wjia:dfõ mdúÉÑ l< hq;= fyd| l%uhla kï uq¿

isref¾ iuia; o¾Ykhla tl jr .ekSu yd Od;= i;r ms<sn|j

wjf,dalkh lsÍuhs' uki Wmiu lsÍu;a iudê.; lsÍu;a i|yd

wjOdkh YÍrfha tla fldgilska ;j tllg udre fkd l< hq;=h'

ta fjkqjg YÍrfha iuia; o¾Ykhla .; hq;=h' idudkHfhka b;d

fyd|u foa Tn Wrysig msgqmiska isg n,kakdla fuka isÿ lrk

iuia; o¾Ykhla .ekSuhs' th ysfika miq mi isg my< n,kakdla

fuka o l< yel' tfy;a th wd.;shg fya;= úh yels w;r iuyr

fhda.djprhka ;=< iunr;dj ì£ hdug o fya;= fjhs'

úY=oaê ud¾. àldj l%u oyhlg wjOdkh fhduq lrñka

iudêh jvk f,i o lshhs' wkqms<sfj,g" muKg jeä fõ.fhka

f;drj" fyñysgo fkdj" is; úlafIam ùfuka ^úisÍ hdfuka&

f;drj" m%{ma;sfhka tmsg hñka" wmeyeÈ,s foa bj; ,ñka" ,CIK

iïu¾Ykh lrñka" wêÑ;a; iQ;%h wkq;a;riS;sNdj iQ;%h yd

fndÊCOx. iQ;%h wkqj Ndjkd lrñka hk oY wdldrhgh'

nf;1' wkqms<sfj,g - wkqmqn d

—ms<sfj,˜ hkafkka nqÿka jykafia jÞ< ms<sfj,hs'

tkï( mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda

2' muKg jeä fõ.fhka f;drj - kd;ssiS>f;d

3' fyñysg o fkdj - kd;siKslf;d

bÈka muKg jeä fõ.hlehs Tng jegfykafka kï Ndjkdfõ

wruqK jQ Od;= i;r meyeÈ,sj olakg fkd ,efnkafkah' kEjg

jeä fiñka hhs Tng yefÕkafka kï Tn Ndjkdfõ wjidkhg

<Õd fkd jkafkysh'

4' is; úlafIam ùfuka f;drj - úflaÄmamándykf;d

Ndjkdfõ wruqK - Od;= i;r - flfrys muKla is; mj;ajd

f.k hdug Tn iy;sl úh hq;=h' fjk;a wruqKq flfrys is;

bnd.df;a hdug bv fkd Èh hq;=h'

5' m%{ma;sfhka tmsgg hñka - m[a[ ;s;siu;sCLuKf;d

Tn mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda hs is;ska kslug lshjdf.k

fkd hd hq;=h' tajd ksfhdackh lrk i;H iajNdjh - ;o" r¿"

nr" uDÿ" isks÷" ieye,a¨" je.sfrk" wef,k" WIaK" YS;" wdOdrl"

;,a¨lrk iajNdjh - ms<sn|j mÍCIdfjka isáh hq;=h'

6' wmeyeÈ,s foa bj; ,ñka - wkqmÜGdk uq[apkf;d

Tng ,CIK fÞ<y iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels kï iy Wmiukh

yd iudêh jeãug W;aidy .kakd úg wmeyeÈ,s ,CIK

;djld,slj w;ayeßh yel' Od;=j, iunr núka f;dr ùula

ksid th fõokdjg fyda wd;;shg fya;=ldrl fõ kï fuh

×kdkaú; fkd fõ' Od;= i;ßka tla tla Od;=jla u; hg;a

msßfihska tla ,CIKhla j;a Tn ;nd .; hq;= w;r" Od;= ;=kla"

folla fyda tlla u; muKla Tng l%shd l< fkd yel' bÈka

,CIK fÞ<yu meyeÈ,s kï b;du fyd| thh' tlla j;a bj;

fkd oeñh hq;=h'

7' ,CIK iïu¾Ykh lrñka - ,CLKf;d

Tn Ndjkd lsÍug mgka .;a úg tla tla Od;=jl iajdNdúl

,CIK meyeÈ,s fkdue;af;a kï túg Tng tajdys l%shdldÍFjh

flf¾o wjOdkh fhduq l< yelsh' iudêh jv jvd;a fyd| jQ

úg iajNdj ,CIK flf¾ is; tald.% l< hq;=h' mGú Od;=fõ

;o .;sh" r¿ .;sh" wdfmda Od;=fõ je.sfrk nj yd wef,k nj"

f;afcda Od;=fõ WIaK nj yd YS; nj" jdfhda Od;=fõ wdOdrl

.;sh fï wjia:dfõ Tn yqfola Od;= f,i muKla olafkysh'

tajd mqoa.,fhl= fyda wd;auhla yeáhg fkd olafkysh'

8' 9 yd 10 fï iQ;% ;=k Y%oaOd" ù¾hh" i;s" iudê yd m%× hk bkaøsh

my iunr lsÍu;a" fndaê wx. i; iu nr lsÍu;a W.kajhs'

lreKdlr fïjd foi Tnu n,kak' wêÑ;a; iq;a; ^ksñ;ak

iq;a;& ^wx.=;a;r 1'258 msg& wkq;a;ris;s Ndj iq;a; ^wx.=;a;r

1'379& fndÊCOx. iQ;a; ixhq;a; 3" 71 - 73 msgQ&

111 112

Od;= i;r u; iudêh jeãu lr f.k hk úg Wmpdr

iudêh ,eîu wrU;au úúO j¾.fha wdf,dal olakg ,efnkafkah'

iuyr fhda.djrhka ;=< ÿu yd iudk w¿ mdg f,iska werfUhs'

bÈka Tn fï w¿ mdg ;=< p;= Od;= iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hkafkys

kï th lmq mq¿khla fuka jvd;a Yafõ; j¾K fjhs' blaì;sj

j<dl=¿ fuka §ma;su;a Yafõ; j¾K fjhs' fuu wjia:dfõ§ Tnf.a

uq¿ lh Yafõ; iajrEmfhka úoHudk jkq we;' ta iqÿ rEmh ;=< p;=

Od;= iïu¾Ykh lsÍu u; iudê.; lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;= h' th

whsia l=Üáhla fyda ùÿre l=Üáhla fuka meyeÈ,s jkq Tng ±l .;

yel'

fï úksúo fmfkk rEm m[ap m%ido rEmhs' fï m%ido rEm

mfyka ldh m%idoh uq¿ YÍrh mqrd jHdma;j mj;S' fï wjia:dfõ§

ldh m%ido Od;=" plaLq m%ido Od;=j" fY%da; m%ido Od;=j" >%dK m%ido

Od;=j" ðõyd m%ido Od;=j ÿgq úg tajd f.dvj,a yeáhg fmfkkq

we;' ula ksido h;a Tn ;ju;a >k ;=k neyer lr ke;s fyhsks'

û;= ±lafjk isoaOdka; újrKh wvx.= fldgfia jeä úia;r

n,kak'&

boska Tn ldh m%idofhys jQ m%ido Od;=j ;=< we;s Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lr f.k hkafkys kï" th È÷<k nj;a" wdf,dalh

ksl=;a lrk nj;a Tng fmfkkq we;' fï wdf,dalh hg;a

msßfihska meh Nd.hla fkd lvjd my< jQ miq" m%ido rEmfha wdldY

Od;=j ta ;=< jQ l=vd wjldY foi ne,sfuka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tn

W;aidy .kafkys kï m%ido rEm l=vd wKqj,g leã hkq Tng fmkS

hkq we;' tajd rEm l,dm kï fõ' fuu wjia:djg meñK - th

Ñ;a; úiqoaêhhs - rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍu uÕska Tng oDIaáh

msßisÿ lsÍu ÈÜÀ úiqoaê& jeäh yel' bÈka Tnf.a iudê wdf,dalh

ÿ¾j, kï yd lsishï úfYaI iu: Ndjkdjla jeãug wfmaCId

lrkafkys kï rEm l,dm ±lSug Tkak fukak lshd ;sìh§

iu:hg udre ùu fyd| u foa hs' fu;eka isg Tng YÍrfha fldgia

;sia fol u; Ndjkdj jeäh yel' Tng tla fldgila .; yels

w;r th ms<sl=,a yeáhg olajñka m%:u OHdkh jeäh yel'

ke;fyd;a fldgil j¾Kh p;=¾: OHdkh olajd iudêh jeãu

msKsi lisKhla yeáhg .; yel' bka miq Tng óg fmr meyeÈ,s

l< p;=rdrlaL Ndjkd jeãug mq¿jk'

boska fhda.djprhd iqoaO úmiaikdhdkslfhl= kï Tyq

m%ido rEm fmfkk ;=re;a" Wmpdr iudêh §ma;su;a yd m%Ndiajr jk

;=re;a Od;= i;r tajdys ,laIK wkqj Ndjkd l< hq;=h' wk;=re j

rEm l,dm fmfkk ;=re Ndjkdj jeãu wLKavj lr f.k hd

hq;=h'

rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍfï ms<sfj,

rEm l,dm m%ido jQ yd m%ido fkd jQ jYfhka ldKav

follg fnfoa' m%ido rEm mfyka tlla wka;¾.; jQ rEm l,dm

muKla m%ido rEm jk w;r wka rEm l,dm m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dm

hs'

m<uqj Tn m%ido rEm l,dm fkdj" ;ks ;ks m%ido rEmj,

we;s mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda hk Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍu

m%.=K lsÍug mgka .; hq;=h' Tng iuyr úgl rEm l,dm laIKsl

laIKslj yg .kakd nj;a ìf|k nj;a fmfkkq we;' fuu

wjia:dfõ§ rEm l,dm úYaf,aIKh lsÍug ;ju;a fkd iu;a ùug

mq¿jk' ula ksid o h;a" mßudjka iys; l=vd wKq yeáhg rEm

l,dm olakd fyhsks' iuQy >k" lD;H >k wd§ >k ;=ka j¾.h

fuf;la neyer lr fkdue;s neúka Tn ;ju;a m%{ma;s lafIa;%fhah'

mrud¾:h foig ;ju;a fkd meñKs fyhsks'

Tn iuQyh yd yevh ms<sno ixl,amh neyer fkd l<

fyhska l=vd fmdÈhla ke;fyd;a —f.dvla˜ ms<sn| ixl,amfha

b;=rejla ;sfí' Tn Od;= óg jvd wE;g úNd. fkd lrkafkys kï

ta fjkqjg fï wKq fldgiaj, yg .ekau ^W;amdoh& yd ì£ hdu

^Nx.h& ukisldr lsÍu uÕska úmiaikd jeãug W;aidy .kafkys

kï túg Tn yqfola ixl,am u; mokï jQ úmiaikdjla lsÍug

113 114

m%h;ak orkjd fõ' tneúka rEmhkaf.a mrud¾:h ±lSu msKsi Od;=

;j ÿrg;a úYaf,aIKh lsÍu lr f.k hd hq;=h'

rEm l,dm w;s laIKsl f,i yg f.k ì£ hdu fya;=fjka

;ks ;ks Od;= l,dmj, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng fkd

yels kï Tn yg .ekSu yd ì£ hdu ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq fkd

l< hq;=h' th yßhg Tn yuqùug jqjukdjla ke;s mqoa.,fhl=

fkd oelald fyda ie,ls,a,g fkd .;A;d fyda jQjo flfia fyda yuq

jQjd fuks' yg.ekau yd ì£u fkd i,ld yßkak' yqfola ;ks ;ks

rEm jQjo l,dmj, we;s Od;=j,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' ta .ek

wjÈfhka isákak'

Tn ;ju;a wiu;a kï uq¿ YÍrh mqrd mGú Od;= ish,a,gu

tl úg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks l,dmhl mGú Od;=j fidhd

ne,Su hk fol udrefjka udrejg lrkak' blaì;s uq¿ YÍrh mqrd

wdfmda Od;= ish,a,gu tl úg wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks

l,dmhl f;afcda Od;=j fidhd ne,Su hk fol udrefjka udrejg

lrkak' wk;=rej uq¿ YÍrh mqrd jdfhda Od;= ish,a,gu tl úg

wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu yd ;ks l,dmhl jdfhda Od;=j fidhd ne,Su

hk fol udrefjka udrejg lrkak' bÈka Tn fï wdldrhg

wNHdi lrkafkys kï m%ido rEm l,dm fkdj m%ido rEm l,dm ;=<

jQ Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsÍu wrUkak' fï i<dh;kfhysu m%ido

yd m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dmj, Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

j¾K - jKaK¦ iEu rEm l,dmhlu olakg ,efí' th

rEmdrïuKhlao fõ' fï wdldrfha wdrïuK rEm iïu¾Ykh

lsÍu fnfyúka myiqh'

.kaO - iEu rEm l,dmhlu fõ' >dK m%ido Od;=j yd Njx.

ufkd m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrñka wdrïN l< hq;=h' fuh

±lSu msKsi Tn kdifha Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;= h' >%dK

m%ido Od;=j Tng myiqfjka ±l .; yel' fï >%dK m%ido Od;=j

kdifha wÞ< rEm l,dmhkays ±lsh hq;=h' bÈka Tn m%ido l,dm ;=<

Od;= i;r - wdh;k ifhys m%ido l,dm fkdj - id¾:lj

iïu¾Ykh lrk ,o kï túg Tng §ma;su;a È<sfik Njx. Ñ;a;h

- ufkda oajdrh - myiqfjka iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels jkq we;' th

yDoh jia;= rEmj, /£ we;s yo ;=< msysáfhah' th m%ido fkd jQ

l,dm - yoh oil l,dm ^yDoh oYjekak fldg we;s l,dm& hs

lshkq ,efí' fufia >%dKm%ido Od;=j yd Njx. ufkdaoajdrh

iïu¾Ykh lr Tn fufkys lsÍug f;dard .;a rEm l,dmj,

.kaOh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug hd hq;=h' .kaOh hkq >dK ú[aØKh

uÕska fyda ufkda ú[aØKh u.ska o; yels O¾uhls' >dK

ú[aØKh" >%dK m%ido Od;=j u; r|jñka WmÈkakls' ufkda

ú[aØKh Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=j u.ska wdl¾IKh lrkq ,en

yg .kS' th yoh j;a:q rEmj, ;udu rÞ isáhs' fï ksidh rEm

l,dmj, .kaOh iïu¾Ykh lsÍug Tng wjYH jQ úg fï

l%shdj,shg wÞ< m%ido rEm folu tlg iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a'

ri - iEu rEm l,dmhlu mj;S' ðõyd m%ido Od;=j yd Njx.

ufkdaoajdrh hk fol u iïu¾Ykh lrk w;r Tn fufkys

lsÍug f;dard .;a rEm l,dmhl rih iïu¾Ykh lrkak' Èj

u;=msg we;s fl<j, rih iïu¾Ykh lrñka werôh yel' by;

i|yka .kaOhg iudk wdldrhg jia;=jl rih ðõyd ú[aØKh

u.ska fyda ufkda ú[aØKh uÕska o; yel' ta ksid fï folu

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'

wNsOïu wgqjdj ^wNs'wÜG'2"388 msg& fufia olajhs(

—ifnnd˜ ms mfkiaimfidafod ufkdoajdßld cjkfhj ,N;s˜’

jia;=jl j¾K" .kaO yd ri yqÿ ufkda ú[aØKfhkau ±l .;yels

neõka fmfka' Tnf.a Ndjkdj Yla;su;a ùug m%:u ufkda

ú[aØKfhka rih yd .kaOh o; yelafla flfia ±hs jvd;a

myiqfjka bf.kSug iydh ùu msKsi >dK ú[aØKh yd ðõyd

ú[aØKh fhdojkafkysh' Tnf.a Ndjkdj jvd;a Yla;su;a yd

n,j;a jQ úg yqÿ ufkdaoajdr ú[aØKh u.ska rih yd .kaOh Tng

±k.; yel'

ćd - iEu rEm l,dmhlu mj;S' tys j¾. 4 ls( l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;=

yd wdydr hk i;ßka ksmojk ćdh' ´kE u rEm l,dmhl

115 116

we;=<; n,kak' cd kï jQ fmdaIl mÞ¾: Tng ±l .; yel' fï

ćdfjka h<s h<s;a .=K flfrk ^jeä flfrk& rEm l,dm ±lsh

yel' ^l,dmj, .=K ùfï yd j¾Okh ùfï l%uh miqj meyeÈ,s

flf¾'&

Ôú; ( fï l¾ufhka ksmqka rEmj, Ôú;h mj;ajdf.k hk

rEmhls' fuh Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr u.ska Wmojk rEm ;=< olakg

fkd ,efí' l¾ufhka yg.;a rEmj, muKla olakg ,efí' m%ido

rEm l,dmj, l¾ufhka muKla ksmojkq ,efí' tneúka fuh

fiùu wdrïN l< hq;af;a fu;ekaysh' Tn m%ido rEm l,dm

iïu¾Ykh lr bka miqj tajd ;=< Ôú; rEm fiùu l< hq;=h'

Ôú; rEmh tho we;=<;a rEm l,dmj, mj;akd rEmj, muKla

Ôú;h mj;ajhs' wksl=;a l,dmj, Ôú;h Ñrl,a fkd mj;ajhs'

m%ido rEm l,dmj, Ôú;h iïu¾Ykh lsÍfuka wk;=re j

m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dmj, jQ Ôú; iïu¾Ykh lsÍug W;aidy .;

hq;= h' YÍrfha Ôú; rEmh wvx.= m%ido fkd jQ rEm l,dm j¾.

;=kls' tla j¾.hla jQ yDoh oil l,dm ^yDoh oi jeks fldgi

yeáhg we;s l,dm& yDofha muKla olakg ,efí' wksla fol -

Ndj oil l,dm yd Ôú; kjl l,dm - uq¿ YÍrh mqrd olakg

,efí'

tfyhska yDofhys yer YÍrfha wka ;ekl m%ido fkd jQ

rEm l,dmhl Ôú; rEmhla iïu¾Ykh lsÍug yels kï th o Ndj

oil l,dmhla lshd fyda ke;fyd;a Ôú; kjl l,dmhla lshd o

Tn o; hq;=h' fuh fjka fldg ±laSug kï Ndj rEm iïu¾Ykh

lsÍug Tng yels úh hq;=h'

Ndj rEm - ^,sx. ;SrKh flfrk rEm& - uq¿ isrer mqrd wdh;k

ifhysu olakg ,efí' tfy;a th m%ido fkd jQ rEmhls' m%ido rEm

;=< Ôú; iïu¾Ykh lr we;akï yd m%ido fkd jQ rEmj, th

olakd ,o kï Ôú; rEm ÿgq m%ido fkd jQ rEmj, Ndj rEm fiúh

hq;=h' Tn Ndj rEm olskafkys kï l,dmh Ndj oil l,dmhls'

Ôú; kjl l,dmhla fkd fõ' mqreIfhl= ;=< mqreINdj rEm

muKla we;' ia;%shl ;=< ia;%S Ndj rEm muKla we;' mqreINdj rEm

hkq —fï msßñfhls˜ hs Tng o; yels .=Kdx.hls' ia;%SNdj rEm hkq

—fï ia;%shls˜ hs Tng o; yels .=Kdx.hls' Ndj rEm iïu¾Ykh

lsÍug Tng yels jQ úg YÍrh mqrd plaLq" fida;" >%dK" Ôõyd" ldh

yd yoh hk i<dh;kj,o fidhd ne,Sug mgka .kak'

yoh rEm ( Njdx. ufkd m%ido Od;= ûfkd Od;= ke;fyd;a

ufkdaoajdr hkqfjka o y÷kajkq ,efí&' ufkda ú[aØK Od;=

folg wdOdr lrk rEmhhs' ufkda ú[aØK Od;=j plaLq" fida;"

>dK" ðõyd yd ldh hk m[ap bkaøsh ú[aØK yer wka ish¨

wdldrfha ú[aØKj,ska iukaú;h' yoh hkq ufkda Od;= yd

ufkda ú[aØK Od;= yg .kakd ;ekh' tys ,laIKh by;

Od;+kg wdOdr ùuh'

yoh rEm iïu¾Ykh lsÍu msKsi Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=j fj;

is; fhduq lrkak' blaì;sj" Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=jg Njx.

ufkda m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrñka isák ufkda ú[aØKhg

wdOdrl jk rEm l,dmhl iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak'

Njx. ufkda m%ido Od;=fõ my< fldgfia fï rEm l,dm ;sfnkq

oelSug Tn iu;a úh hq;=h' fï rEm l,dm yoh oil l,dm yDoh

oi jekak fldg .;a l,dm& fõ' tajd m%ido rEm fkdfõ'' tajd ;=<

yoh j;a:q rEmh ufkda Od;=j yd ufkda ú[aØK Od;=jg wdOdrl

fjhs¡

rEm m%ido Od;= úNd.h

plaLq kï jQ bkaøsh rEm j¾. lSmhlska iukaú; fõ' tajd

tlg ñY% jQ l,ays yd,a msá yd ;srsÕ= msá fuka úisrS we;' wefiys

tlg ñY% jQ m%ido Od;= foj¾.hla ;sfí' plaLq m%ido Od;=j yd ldh

m%ido Od;=j jYfhks' plaLq oil rEm l,dm yd ldh oil rEm

l,dm tlg iïñY%s; ù we; hkq fuys f;areuhs' ldh m%ido Od;=

wvx.= ldh oil l,dm i<dh;khka mqrdu úisrS mj;skq oelsh yel'

wefiys plaLq oil l,dm iu.;a" fida; oil l,dm iu.;a" >dK

oil l,dm iu.;a" csõyd oil l,dm iu.;a" yofha yoh oil

l,dm iu.;a iïñY%s;h' Ndj oi jekak fldg we;s Ndj oil

l,dmo i<dh;khka mqrdu úisrS we;' m%ido Od;= l,dm iu.

iïñY% ù we;' fuh oelaùu msKsi m%ido Od;=j, rEm úNd. lsrSu

117 118

wdrïN l< hq;=h¡

plaLq m%ido Od;=j - plaLq m%ido rEmh j¾Khg ixfõoSh' tfy;a

ldh m%ido Od;=j iam¾Yhg ixfõoSh' jia;=j,g we;s ixfõoS;dfõ

fï fjki" plaLq m%ido Od;=j ljrlaa o" ldh m%ido Od;=j ljrlaoehs

úNd. lsrSug;a wjfndaO lr .ekSug;a Tng bv i,ihss' m<uq j

plaLq bkaøshfha we;s Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej m%ido

rEm l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' bkslaì;sj Bg wdikakfha we;s rEm

l,dmhl j¾Kh foi n,kak' boska Tn f;dard .;a m%ido Od;=j u;

jefok fia taa j¾Kh Tn olafkys kï plaLq m%ido Od;=jhs ta' plaLq

m%ido Od;= u; ta j¾Kh fkd joS kï th plaLq m%ido Od;=jla fkd

fõ' th ldh m%ido Od;=jla úh hq;=h' ula ksid o h;a plaLqfõ

foj¾.hl m%ido Od;= muKla mj;akd fyhsks'

ldh m%ido Od;=j - ldh m%ido Od;=j iam¾Y ix>gkhg - mGú"

f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;= hk tajdfha iam¾Yhg - ixfõoSh' m%ido rEm

l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj" wdikakfha we;s rEm

l,dmhl mGú" f;afcda fyda jdfhda Od;= foi n,kak' Tn f;dard

.;a m%ido Od;=j u; fï Od;= ;=fkka tlla .Eù we;s neõ Tng

fmfka kï ta ldh m%ido Od;=jhs' ta ldh m%ido Od;=fõ rEm l,dm

ldh oil l,dmhhs' plaLqj iïnkaOfhka Tn l< wdldrhgu

fida;" >dK" csõyd" ldh yd yoh hk tajdfha ldh oil l,dm

iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

fida; m%ido Od;=j - fida; m%ido Od;=j Yío ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'

fidaf;akaøshfhys Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm l,dmo

n,kak' Yíohlg weyqï lka fokak' Tn f;dard .;a m%ido rEmfha

th ix>gkh jkq Tng fmfka kï th fida; m%ido Od;=jhs' tys ;=<

we;s rEm l,dm fidaa; oil l,dmh hs' ldh oil l,dm iïu¾Ykh

lsrSu plaLqj iïnkaOfhka fmr fmkajd ÿka wdldrhg uh'

>dK m%ido Od;=j - >dK m%ido Od;=j .kaO ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'

>dfKakaøsfhys Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm l,dmo

n,kak' B <Õg YrSrfha rEm l,dmhl .kaOh n,kak' boska tu

.kaOh m%ido Od;=fõ ix>gkh fõ kï th >dK m%ido Od;=j hs' ta

;=< we;s rEm l,dm >dK oil l,dmhs'

csõyd m%ido Od;=j - csõyd m%ido Od;=j ri ix>gkhg ixfõoSh'

csõydfõ Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' m%ido rEm Od;= iïu¾Ykh

lrkak' blaì;sj Bg wdikak rEm l,dmhl rih n,kak' ta m%ido

Od;=j u; ix>gkh ù we;s neõ fmfka kï th csõyd m%ido

Od;=jhs' csõydfõ rEm l,dm wei yd iïnkaO wdldrhgu olakg

,efí'

igyk ldh oil l,dm yd Ndj oil l,dm i<dh;kfhau oelsh

yel' tla tla ;ekl udrefjka udrejg ne,sh hq;=h'

Ñ;a;c rEm oelSfï l%uh

uq¿ cSú; ld,h mqrd yojf;a yoh j;a:q rEmh u; rÞ

mj;sñka ìys jk ish,q ufkda Od;= yd ufkda ú[aØK is;a Ñ;a;c

ćd wÜGul rEm l,dm îsf;ka ksmo jQ ćdj wg jekak fldg

we;s l,dm& ksmoùfï ,d iu;a fjhs' iEu ;ks Ñ;a;hlau uq¿ YrSrh

mqrd úysoS we;s fï ćd wÜGul l,dm úYd, ixLHdjla ksmoùug

iu;a fõ'

Tn ufkda m%ido Od;=j fufkys lrkafka kï yoh j;a:q

rEmfha iydh ,enQ fndfyda is;a wLKavj rEm l,dm ksmojk neõ

Tng fmfkkq we;' uq,oS fuh meyeos,s fkd ue;af;a kï ufkda

m%ido Od;=j fufkys lr Tnf.a weÕs,s bosrshg;a miaig;a

fid<jkak' weÕs,s fi<ùug ukig wjYH fyhska rEm l,dm

úYd, ixLHdjla ksmojkq ,nk nj Tng oelsh yel' tfiau YrSrfha

wdh;k ifhysu fï rEm úisrS ;sfnkq oelsh yel' fïjd m%ido

fkdjQ rEm l,dmhs' úNd. l<fyd;a tl tll rEm wgla muKla

wvx.= jk nj olakg ,efí' my; igyka n,kak' msgq 127-132&

119 120

W;=c rEm ne,Sfï l%uh

l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr hk tajdhska ksmo jqKq rEmj,

wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j —W;=˜ hkqfjka ye|skafõ' f,i

ye|skafjk fï f;afcda Od;=j w¿;a W;=c ćd wÜGul rEm l,dm

^W;=fjka jQ m<uq mrïmrdj& ksmoùug iu;ah' fï W;=c ćd

wÜGul l,dmj,o f;afcda Od;=j wvx.=h' fuhgo W;=c ćd

wÜGul l,dm fndfydauhla ksmoúh yel' ^W;=fõ fojk

mrïmrdjh&' boska f;afcda Od;=j lïuc l,dmhl mj;akd f;afcda

Od;=j kï" W;= kï jQ ta f;afcda Od;=j by; meyeos,s l< mrsos W;=c

l,dm y;rla fyda myla ìys lsrSfuys iu;a fõ' fuh isÿ jkafka W;=

tys ia:s;s ^Gs;s& wjia:djg meñKs úg muKs' Gs;s wjia:djg meñK

úg muKla tajdg Yla;sh we; hkak rEmj, kS;shls'

igyk fï W;=c wÜGul l,dmj, ćdjo mj;S' fï ćdjo

wdydrc ćdfjka iydh ,o l,ays wdydrc ćd wÜGul mrïmrd

ksmoùfï,d iu;a fõ' tfyhska rEm l,dmhl f;afcda Od;=j

ke;fyd;a cdj w¿;a rEm ksmoùfï,d iu;a jkafkah¡

Ñ;a;fhka ksmka f;afcda Od;=jlao we;' th o —W;=˜h'

idudkH ldudjpr Ñ;a;hla Ñ;a;c ćd wÜGul l,dm ksmoùug

fya;= ldrl jk úg tajdyso f;afcda Od;=j wka;¾.; fõ' th o

—W;=˜ h' fï W;=j,g W;=c ćd wÜGul l,dm ^Ñ;a;c f;afcda

Od;=fõ m%:u mrïmrdj& ksmoúh yel' fï W;=c ćd wÜGul

l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j wka;¾.; fõ' fuhg W;=c ćd wÜGul

l,dmj, ;j;a mrïmrdjla ksmoúh yel' fï l%shdj,sh mrïmrd

folla fyda ;=kla olajd mej;sh yel'

iu: Ndjkdfõ W.a.y" Wmpdr yd máNd. iudêh m%.=K

lrk w;r;=r oS fyda úmiaikdj m%.=K lrk w;r;=r oS Ñ;a;j,go"

ud¾. yd M, Ñ;a; ish,a,go Ñ;a;c rEm ksmoùfï yelshdj we;'

fï Ñ;a;c remj, f;afcda Od;=j wvx.=h' th—W;=˜ h' Bg wNHka;r

jYfhka muKla fkdj ndysr jYfhkao ćd wÜGul mrïmrd

fndfydauhla ksmoúh yel' wjfndaO Yla;sh jeä nj fyda iq¿ nj

—W;=˜

u; ke;fyd;a iudêfha Yla;sh u; fï rEm l,dm YrSrfha

úysfoñka fndfyda fyda iaj,am .Kkla ksmojkq ,efí' ^úiqoaê'

àld 2" 428" 429" 403 msgq&'

.=Kùfï yd rEm l,dm ìys lsrSfï fï l%shdj,sh f;afcda

^W;=& Od;=j ia:s;s ld,hg meñKs miq muKla isÿ fõ¡

fï Ñ;a;c rEm l,dm ćdfjka iukaú;h' fuh wdydr

ćdfõ iydh ,o úg cd wÜGul wdydrc l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla

ìys lsrSfuys ,d iu;a fõ' tfy;a fïjd neyer j fkdj YrSrfha

wNHka;rfha muKla yg .kS'

my; i|yka flfrk wdydrc rEmj, f;afcda Od;=j ^W;=&

wvx.=h' fï W;= ia:s;s wjia:djg <Õd jQ úg Bg W;=c cd wÜGul

mrïmrd .Kkla ksmoúh yel' tfy;a foúhkaf.a cd jeks úfYaI

wdydrj, iydh we;sj fï l%shdj,shg fndfyda ld,hla l%shd;aul

úh yel' fï wdldrhg ksmojQ W;=c cd wÜGul l,dm ;=< cdj

wka;¾.;h' wdydrc ćdj, iydh we;sj YrSrh ;=< wdydrc ćd

wÜGulj, mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ksmoúh yel'

wdydrc rEm ne,Sfï l%uh

wdydrc rEm wdydrfhka ksmka l,dm foj¾.hlska iukaú;h (

^1& wdydrc iqoaOdÜGl l,dm ( fuh Y=oaO rEm j¾. wglska

hqla;h' tys wdydrc ćdj wg jeks fldgi fõ' tfyhska

Bg—wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm˜ hs o lshkq ,efí' th

ksIaMkak rEmhls’

^2& ,yq;dfoldoil l,dm ( th Y=oaO wIaGlfhka yd ,yq;d

îeye,a¨&" uqÿ;d ûDÿ& yd lïu[a[;d ^l¾uKH& hk rEm

;=fkka iukaú;h' th ika;=IaÀh" fi!LH iïmkak nj"

Yla;sh yd iqj myiqj hkdosh u; YÍrhg iqj myiqjla yd

ieye,a¨jla oekqKq úg cks; fõ' WÞyrKhla jYfhka wmf.a

wdydr ÔrKh b;d fyd| kï fï wdydrc ćd l,dm b;d

myiqfjka jHdma; fjhs' wdydr fmdaIHodhl kï yd m%KS; kï

121 122

túg o thu isÿ fõ'

fï wdydrc rEm foj¾.h fmdaIKfha fohdldrhl l%shdÞuhla

wkqj cks; fõ' tA wdydrfhka yd mdkfhka tk cdj u.ska YÍrh

fmdaIKh jQ l,ays isÿùïh' flfia o@

YÍrh wfma wdydr ÔrK moaO;sh ;=< jQ wdydrfhka yd

mdkfhka rih ćdj& Wrd .kS' tkï wfma uqLfhys jQ wdydrfhka

yd mdkfhka¦ wfma l=i ;=< w¨;ska .kakd ,o - fkd osrE -

wdydrfhka yd mdkfhka¦ nvje,a ;=< jQ w¾O jYfhka yd mQ¾K

jYfhka osrE wdydrfhka¦ bka miqj u<j,skah' fï ish,a, W;=c cd

wÜGul l,dmh' wfma md;%fha wdydr fiah' ta l,dmj, mj;akd

fmdaIl idrh m%Odk jYfhka mdpl f;afcdafõ iydhfhka YÍrh

fmdaIKh lrhs' fuh ^óg fmr i|yka l<& l¾ufhka yg.;a yd

uq¿ YÍrh mqrd we;s Ôú; kjl l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=jhs'

B <Õg ćdfõ ^fmdaIKfha& woshr folls' m%:u woshr

mdpl f;afcdaj wfma ÔrK moaO;sfha we;s wdydrfha ri ćdjg

tl;= jQ úg werfò' fï tl;=fjka uq¿ YÍrh mqrd ;j;a rEmhla

cks; fõ' uq¿ YÍrh mqrd wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmoùuhs tA'

fojeks woshr mdpl f;afcdaj wdydrc ćd wÜGul

l,dmj, cdjka" lfha wfkla rEmj, cdjka tl;= jQ úg werfò'

fï tl;=ùu fya;=fjka ;j;a ^w¿;a& rEmhla ksmofú' th ;j;a

wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmhls'

§l¾uc rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd i;f¾ isg myla

§Ñ;a;c rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd fofla isg ;=kla

§W;=c rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla

§wdydrc rEmhkaf.a mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla

wdydr yd mdkj, ćd u.ska YÍrh fmdaIKh lrkqfha ta

wdldrhgh' WÞyrKhla yeáhg cdfõ fmdaIKfha& m%:u woshf¾

oS wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmh plaLqj fj; <Õd fjhs' bka miqj

fojk woshf¾oS ta wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmfha cdj - fmdaIl

idrh - mdpl f;afcdaj iuÕ& plaLq oil l,dmhl cdj uqiq fõ'

wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd y;f¾ isg my olajd cks;

fõ' wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm yd Ôú; kjl l,dm wdOdrl

m%;H ^Wm;a:ïNl mÉph& yeáhg l%shd lrk w;r plaLq oil

l,dm ksmojk m%;H ^ckl mÉph& yeáhg l%shd;aul fõ' h<s;a

wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm i;f¾ isg my olajd jQ mrïmrdj,

we;s f;afcda Od;=j W;=c cd wÜGul mrïmrd oyfha isg fÞ<yla

Wmojhs' fï l%shdj,shu plaLqfõ ldh oil l,dmj,;a" plaLqfõ

Ndj oil l,dmj,;a" Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dmj,;a" Ôú; kjl

l,dmj,;a" wksl=;a wdydrc wÜGul l,dmj,;a isÿ fõ'

WÞyrKhla yeáhg wdydr yd mdk ćdj plaLqj fmdaIKh

lrkqfha fï wdldrhgh' tla oskl wdydrfhka .kakd ,o cdjg

fï wdldrhg osk y;la olajd rEm ckkh l< yel' wmf.au

l¾uh wkqj ;SrKh jk mdpl f;afcdaj u; mrïmrd .Kk

rÞmj;S' th wdydrfha .=Kd;aul Ndjh u; o rÞ mj;S' bÈska

wdydrh .=Kd;aul Ndjfhka wvq kï Bg mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla

ksmoúh fkd yel' wms ÿ¾j, fjuq' fliÕ fjuq' boska wdydrh

m%KS; kï Bg mrïmrd lSmhla ckkh l< yel' wms ia:Q, fjuq'

foõf,dj w.%.KH wdydrh jQ osjH fNdackh fï wdldrhg udi

tlla fyda folla olajd mrïmrd cks; lrjhs'

Ôú; kjl l,dm uq¿ YÍrh mqrd mj;akd fyhska" isrer

mqrd jQ mdpl f;afcdaj ÿ¾j, uÜgulska mj;S' ta fya;=fjks" iug

Tiq f;,la .E úg fyda iug háka Tiqjla tkak;a l< úg Tiqj

isrer mqrd me;sÍ hkafka wdydrfha m%:u woshr&' boska f;,a jeämqr

.E úg ifï mj;akd mdpl f;afcdaj uo fõ' thska Tiqj Wrd

.ekSug fndfyda fõ,djla .; fõ' Tiqj m%;sM, f.k tkafka

wdydrfha fojk woshr ;=<ska hk úgh'

123 124

úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj i|yd rEm oek .ekSu msKsi yd oel

.ekSu msKsi wdydrfha fï wjia:d folu wm oek .; hq;=h' oel

.; hq;=h' tkï wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmfhka yd YÍrfha

úúO wx. ;=< úysfok m%:u woshr iy YÍrfha úúO wxY fmdaIKh

lsÍu i|yd wfkl=;a ćd wÜGul l,dm ksmojk fojk woshr

hk folh¡

úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia i|yka lrhs' W;=fjka ksmojkq ,enQ

fkd meiqKq wdydr" osrE wdydr" ierj yd uq;% hk fï y;r

iïnkaOj W;=fjka muKla ksmo jQ ćd wÜGul l,dmj, wg

j¾.hl rEm mj;S' úY=-u'Xviii.6)

fuhska fmfkkqfha YrSrfha fï fldgia y;r W;=fjka

muKla ksmka ćd wÜGul l,dmj,ska iukaú; jk njhs'

tfyhska w¿; nqosk ,o wdydrh ;ju;a l=i ;=< fõ' th W;=c cd

l,dmj,ska muKla iukaú; fõ' cSú; kjl l,dmj, we;s f;afcda

Od;=fõ iydhfhkA - fuh cSrK f;afcdaj ilihs - fï W;=c ćd

wÜGul l,dmj, ćdjg" ćd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla

ksmoúh yel' fï wdydrc rEm j,g wdh;k yh mqrdo me;srsh yel'

tla oskla .kakd ,o wdydrj,g wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm osk

y;la olajd ksmoúh yel' osjH fNdackj,g fuh udihla fyda

folla jqj o l< yel' tla oskla .kakd ,o wdydrhg lïuc"

Ñ;a;c" W;=c l,dm cdjgo B<Õ osk y;lg iydh úh yel'

fïjd oelSu msKsi Tng wdydr wkqNj lrk úg Ndjkd

jeäh yel' uqLfhka" W.=frka" Worfhka yd nvje,aj,ska mgka

f.k uq¿ YrSrh mqrd wdydr rEm me;sfrkq oelsh yel' uqLfha"

W.=f¾" l=fia yd nvje,aj, we;s w¿;a wdydrj, Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tys rEm l,dm Tn okafkysh' l¾ufhka yg

.;a mdpl f;afcdafõ iydh we;sj wdydr rEm l,dmj, we;s cdj"

YrSrh mqrd m;=re jk w¿;a rEm l,dm ksmojk nj fmfkk f;la

úuis,af,ka ne,Su fkd lvjd lrkak'

úl,am jYfhka wdydr wkqNjfhka miqj Ndjkd lsrSu;a

iu. fïjd oelSug mq¿jk' wjêfhka wjêh jv jvd iudêh

j¾Okh lr f.k l=i ;=< fyda nvje,a ;=< jQ w¿;a wdydrfha Od;=

i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wdydrfha we;s wÜGul l,dmj, ćdj"

l¾ufhka yg .;a mdpl f;afcdafõ iydh we;sj uq¿ YrSrh mqrd

úysoSug wdydrc wÜGul l,dm ìys lrk ieá fmkS hk f;la fkd

lvjd lr f.k hkak' fï l,dm úNd. lr n,kak' tl tll rEm

wg iïu¾Ykh lr n,kak' tajd m%ido fkdjk rEm neõ olskak'

iudêh jvd fï wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm isrer ;=<ska

me;sfrk ieá;a plaLqj fj; <Õd jk ieá;a iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

plaLqfõ fï l,dmj, ;sfnk rEm wg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' fï

l,dmj, we;s cdj wdydrc cdjh' fï wdydrc cdj" plaLqoil

l,dmj, wvx.= lïuc ćdjg rEm l,dm mrïmrd y;rla fyda

myla ksmoùug iydh fõ' mrïmrd .Kk" l¾ufha yd wdydrc

ćdfõ iydh ùï Yla;sh u; rÞ mj;S' h<sÿ rEm l,dm y;r fyda

my ;=< —W;=˜ hkqfjka ye|skafjk f;afcda Od;=j fõ' fï

ia:s;s wjia:dfõ oS W;=ćd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd .Kkla ckkh

l< yel' fuh iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak'

ldh oil l,dm yd Ndj oil l,dmj, ćdj wdydrc

ćdfõ iyh ,en wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm mrïmrd y;rla fyda

myla cks; l< yels nj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy .kak' ;jo

fï mrïmrdj, wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j - W;= - W;=c ćd wÜGul

l,dm mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ckkh lrhs'

tfiau plaLqfõ iEu Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dmhlu cd we;'

fï Ñ;a;c ćdj wdydrc ćdfõ iydh ,enQ úg wdydrc wÜGul

l,dm folla fyda ;=kla ìys lrhs' fïjdys f;afcda Od;=j - W;= -

W;=c cd wÜGul mrïmrd .Kkdjla ìys l< yelsh'

uki iu:" úmiaikd" u.a. fyda M, Ñ;a; jQ l," Ñ;a;c

ćd wÜGul l,dm fndfyda .Kkla YrSrh ;=< ìys lsrSug yelshdj

we;' fïjdys we;s W;=" YrSrfha we;=<; yd msg; W;=c cd wÜGul

—W;=˜

125 126

l,dm ìys lsrSug iu;a fõ' wdf,dalh hkq fï Ñ;a;c l,dmj, yd

W;=c l,dmj, j¾K rEmhkaf.a j¾Kj, m%Ndj;a njhs'

plaLqj iïnkaOfhka óg fmr fmkajQ mrsos W;= fyj;a

f;afcda Od;=fjka ksmojk ,o iEu W;=c wÜGul l,dmhlu -

lïuc f;afcda Od;=j" Ñ;a;c f;afcda Od;=j" W;=c f;afcda Od;=j

fyda wdydrc f;afcda Od;=j fyda fõjd - cdj mj;S'fï W;=c cdjg

wdydrc cdfõ iydh ,en rEm l,dm mrïmrd oyhla fyda fÞ<yla

ksmoúh yel' úiqoaê'u'àld 403 msgqj&

wdydrc wÜGul l,dm ;=< wka;¾.; jQ f;afcda Od;=j

^W;=& W;=c cd wÜGul l,dm fndfydajla ksmoùfuys ,d iu;a fõ'

nqosk ,o wdydrj,ska wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dm ksmojk

ieá;a" plaLqj ;=< mj;akd f,i úysfok ieá;a óg fmr meyeos,s

lrk ,oS' uq,ska mej;s wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dmhl wdydrc

ćdjg" miqj ìys jQ wdydrc cd wÜGul l,dmhl wdydrc cdfõ

iydh ,nd ÿka úg rEm l,dm fndfydajla fyda lsysmhla ìys l<

yel' fuh wdydrfha .=Kd;aul Ndjh yd mdpl wdfmda Od;=fõ

Yla;sh u; rÞ mj;S' fï wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dmj, f;afcda

Od;=j we;' th W;=h' óg w¿;a W;=c ćd wÜGul l,dm

fndfydajla ksmoúh yel'

by; úia;r l< mrsos W;= fyda ćd w¿;a l,dm ksmo jk

úg tajd ia:s;s wjia:djg <x jQ úg muKla tfia ksmojhs' rEm l,dm

ìyslsrSfï oS - mrïmrd folla" ;=kla" oyhla fyda fÞ<yla fyda fõjd

- wka;su mrïmrdj W;= fkdfyd;a ćdfjka iukaú;h' Bg w¿;a

W;=c l,dm yd wdydrdc l,dm ksmoúh fkd yel'

l,dm ksmoùu ms<sn| fï úia;rh m%fõYfuka lshjd

f;areï .; hq;=h' fï iu. we;s rEm igykao n,kak' iqÿiq

.=rejrfhl= ,eîfuka yd l%udkql+,j m%.+K lsrSfuka Tn lïu"

Ñ;a;" W;= yd wdydr hk fya;= y;r u.ska ksmojk l,dm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfï ksmqKhl= jkafkysh' plaLq wdh;kh

iïnkaOfhka fmkajd ÿka mrsos ta wdldrhg wks;a wdh;k mfya

rEm;a" YrSrfha fldgia y;<sia fol;a ^fuh rEm igykaj,ska

wk;=rej meyeos,s flf¾& Tn iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h’

plaLqoajdr uQ,sl rEm j¾.

ôil l,dm j¾. 3 3«10}30& kjl l,dm 9& wÜGul l,dm 3^3«8}24& 63&

wdh;k ifhysu cSú; kjlh yd wÜGul l,dm tl uh'

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132



lfha fldgia 42 u.ska Od;= i;r ms<sn|j Ndjkd jeãfï iúia;r

l%uh

lfha mGú Od;=j m%n,j we;s Od;= fldgia úiails'

1' ysi flia - flaid 6' uia - uxix

2' frdau - f,daud 7' kyr - kydre

3' ksh - kLd 8' weg - wÜGs

4' o;a - oka;d 9' weg ñÿ,q - wÜGsñ[acx

5' yu - ;fpd 10' jl=.vqj - jlalx

11' yo - yohx 16' w;=Kq - wka;x

12' wlaudj - hlkx 17' w;=Kq nyka - wka;.=Kx

13' o<nqj - lsf,daulx 18' fkdosrE wyr - WorShx

14' nvosj - msylx 19' osrE wyr - lrSix

15' fmky,a, - mmaMdix 20' fud<h - u;a:,qx.x

fï fldgia úiafika 'Worshx' yd 'lrSix' yer wka ish,q fldgia ldh

oajdrh ms<sn|j jQ rEm igyfka olajd we;s wdldrhg rEm 44 lska

iukaú; h' Woßhx yd lrSix fldgia fol rEm wglska muKla

iukaú; jk w;r W;=c wÜGul l,dmj,ska muKla iEfoa'

wdfmda Od;=j m%n,j we;s YrSr fldgia fÞ<yls'

1' ms; - ms;a;x 7' l÷,q - wiaiq 16&

2' fiu - fiïyx 8' jqreKq f;, - jid

3' ierj - mqífnda 8& 9' fl< - fÄf,da 16&

4' f,a -f,days;x 10' fidgq - isx>dKsld 16&

5' oyäh - fiafÞ 16& 11' i| ñÿ,q - ,isld

6' fïo - fïfÞ 12' uq;% - uq;a;x 8&

fïjdhska ierj" oyäh" l÷,q" fl<" fidgq yd uq;% hk tajd

yereKq úg wka fldgiaj, ldhoajdr j.=fõ oelafjk mrsos rEm 44

la fõ' ierj yd uq;%j, rEm wgla muKs" fïjd W;=c wÜGul

l,dmh' oyäh" l÷,q" fl< yd fidgqj, rEm 16 ls' tajd Ñ;a;c

wÜGul l,dm yd W;=c l,dm hs' tajd tlaflda Ñ;a;fhka

ke;fyd;a W;=fhka ksmfha'

lfha tla tla fldgil rEm ne,Sug;a iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug;a" m<uqj l%udkql+,j iudêh jvkak' by; j.=j, olajd

we;s mrsos wdh;k ifhys rEm l,dm úNd. lr n,kak' fufia

lsrSug Tn iu;a jQ miq" Tn fufkys lsrSug leu;s YrSr fldgila

iïu¾Ykh lrkak' th iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays tys

Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tu fldgi m%ido iajrEmhla yeáhg

ÿgq úg tys wjldYh úuid n,kak' tu YrSr fldgi ks¾udKh jk

l,dm myiqfjka olafkysh' boska Tnf.a Ndjkdj Yla;su;a kï

lsishï YrSr fldgil Od;= i;r úu¾Ykh lr;au rEm l,dm

myiqfjka olskafkysh' rEm l,dm ÿgq úg tajd úNd. lr n,kak'

tys úúO l,dm iïu¾Ykh lrkak' ØKfhka hq;=j" l¾ufhka"

Ñ;a;fhkaa" >D;=fjka yd wdydrfhka ksmka rEm fjka fldg tajd

we;a; jYfhkau mj;akd wdldrhg iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

frdau yd flaYj, l,dm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfïoS iu we;=<;

msysá frdaul+mj,g wjOdkh fhduq lrkak' m<uqj tys j¾. 44 rEm

úuikak' ula ksido h;a ifuka msg; frdauj,$ fliaj, ldh oil

l,dm w;sYhskau l=vd m%udKhla we;s fyhsks' tajd iïu¾Ykh

lsrSu fndfyda ÿIalrh' tA yd iudk wdldrhg weÕs,s ksh yd md ksh

iïnkaOfhkao tajdfha udxYj,g wdikak fldgiaj,g jeä

wjOdkhla fhduq lrkak'

lfha f;afcdaj m%n,j we;s fldgia y;rla fõ' fïjdg wms

ixrpl (component) hs lshuq&

1' ika;dmk f;afcda - isrer WKqiqïj ;nk f;afcdaj

2 cSrK f;afcda-mrsK; njg yd jhig m;a lrjk

f;afcdaj

3' mßoyk f;afcda - WK .kajk f;afcdaj

4' mdpl f;afcda - wdydr osrjk f;afcdaj ^cSú; kjl

133 134

135 136

l,dm l%uhls&

lfha fï ixrpl y;r" mGú fyda wdfmda m%n, j we;s fldgiaj,

fuka yevhla fyda igykla ke;' tajd wmeyeos,s rEm l,dm muKs'

tajdys f;afcda m%n,h' tneúka lfha fï fldgia ne,Su msKsi

f;afcda Od;=j W;aikakj we;s l,dm úuid ne,sh hq;=h' boska fïjd

meyeos,s ke;akï Tn WK .;a úg fï .ek fufkys l< hq;=h'

jdfhda Od;=j W;aikak fldgia yhls'

1' WoaOx.u jd;d- by<g .uka lrk jd;h

2' wfOda.u jd;d - my<g .uka lrk jd;h

3' l=ÉPsih jd;d - nvjef,ka msg; há nfvys msysá jd;h

4' fldÜGih jd;d - nvje,a ;=< we;s jd;h

5' wx.ux.dkqidrsfkd jd;d - YrSrdjhjhkays me;srS hk

jd;h

6' wiaidimiaidi jd;d - wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h

wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h yer wka ish,af,ys iEu tllu rEm

33 ne.ska fõ' tajd l,dm j¾. y;rlska ks¾ñ; fõ'

1' cSú; kjl l,dm - cSú; kj jekak fldg we;s rEm 9 ls&

2' Ñ;a;c wÜGul l,dm - Ñ;a;fhka ksmka ćdj wg jekak

fldg we;s rEm 8 ls&

3' W;=c wÜGul l,dm - W;=fjka ksmka cdj wg jekak fldg

we;s rEm 8 ls&

4' wdydrc wÜGul l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka cdj wg jekak

fldg we;s rEm 8 ls&

wg jekak fldg we;s ^rEm 8 ls& wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h

Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dm is;ska ksmka" Yíoh kj jekak fldg we;s

l,dm& hs y÷kajkq ,nkafkys rEm kjhla muKla wvx.= fõ' fï

l,dmj, mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO" ri" ćd yd

Yío wvx.= fõ'

wdYajdi m%Yajdi jd;h Ñ;a;fhka yg .efka' fuh oelaùu

msKsi yoh mokï fldg .;a rEmj,ska wdOdr lrkq ,enQ Njx.

ufkda m%ido Od;=fõ mj;akd ú[aØKh úiska ksmojkq ,efí hhs

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' tys fï yqiau ksmojkq ÿgq l,ays Tn tys Od;=

i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' th ks¾ñ;j we;s l,dm Tng fmfkkq

we;' fï tla tla l,dmhl Yíoh we;=<;a rEm kjhla Tn olskq

we;' th olsk f;la m%.=K lrkak'

b;srs j¾. my iïu¾Ykh lsrSu i|yd tla tla jd;

j¾.hla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj tl tll Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lrkak' túg rEm l,dm Tng fmfkkq we;' tajd ;=<

rEm 33 g oelSu msKsi fuh h<s;a úNd. lr ne,sh hq;=h'

l¾ufhka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. kjh

wdh;k ifhys yd YrSrfhys fldgia y;<sia foflys rEm

n,k l,ays l¾ufhka rEm l,dm j¾. kjhla ksmojk neõ Tng

fmfkkq we;'

1' plaLq oil wei&

2' fida; oil lK&

3' >dK oil kdih&

4' csõyd oil osj&

5' ldh oil isrer&

6' b;a:sNdj oil ia;%S&

7' mqreINdj oil mqreI&

8' yohj;a:q oil yoj;&

9' cSú; kjl cSú;h&

j¾;udkfha fï l¾uc rEm miq .sh Njfha lrk ,o l¾u

fya;=fjka yg .kS' miq .sh Njfha l¾uc rEm Bg fmr Njfha lrk

,o l¾uhlska yg .ekaúKs' u;= Njhl cSú;fha l¾uc rEm

137 138

j¾;udk NjfhaoS fyda fmr NjhloS lrk ,o l¾uhla úiska

yg.kajkq ,efí' ljr l¾uhl - Þk" YS," Ndjkd wdoS ljrl -

m%;sM,o hkak oek .ekSu msKsi w;S; yd wkd.; kdu rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn iu;a ùu wjYHh' túgh" fuh Tngu

w;aoelSug yels jkqfha' fuh mÉph mrs.a.y ØKfhka miqj

meñfKa' ±kg fï wjia:dfõoS fï rEm l¾ufhka yg .kakd ,o hhs

;djld,slj ms<s.; hq;=h'

l¾ufhka" Ñ;a;fhka" f;afcdafjka fyda ćdfjka ksmka

by; i|yka rEm - fïjd i;H rEmh - úmiaikd ØKfhka wks;H"

ÿlaL" wkd;au jYfhka miqj fufkys lrkq ,efí' ukiska"

f;afcdafjka yd ćdfjka ksmka rEm;a iu. ñY% jQ i;H fkd jq

rEmo we;af;ah' tajd my; meyeos,s flf¾'

Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. wg

1' Ñ;a;c Y=oaOdIaGl l,dm - Ñ;a;fhka ksmka" ćdj wg jekak

fldg .;a ir, l,dm¦ fuh i<dh;kfhys;a lfha fldgia 42 ka

fndfyduhl;a olakg ,efí' i;H rEmhls' úmiaikdj m%.=K

lsrSï jia wruqKla yeáhg fhdÞ .; yel'

2' ldh ú[a[;a;s kjl l,dm - ldh ú[a[;a;sh YrSrfhka flfrk

l%shd weÕùu" bÕsh& kj jk fldgi yeáhg we;s l,dmh' ufkdA

m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lr Tnf.a weÕs,s miq mig;a bosrshg;a

fid<jkak' is;ska ksmo jQ fndfyda rEm l,dm Tng oelsh yel'

úNd. l< úg tys rEm wgla wvx.=h' ldh ú[a[;a;sh tl;= l<

úg th kjhla fõ'

3' ,yq;d taldoi l,dm - fldgia tfld<ylska hq;a l,dmhls' uQ,sl

fldgia wg ^Y=oaOdIaGlh& iy ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d

îeye,a,q nj" uDÿ nj yd l¾uKH;dj&

4' ldh ú[a[;a;s ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia fÞ<ylska hq;a

l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" ldh ú[a[;a;s" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd

lïu[a[;d

5' jÖ ú[a[;a;s oil l,dm - rEm oyhla wvx.= l,dmhls'

Y=oaOdIaGlh" jÖ ú[a[;a;s jpkfhka flfrk bÕsh& yd Yíoh'

ABC hk wl=re ;=k y`v k.d WÉpdrKh lrkak' oeka ufkda

m%ido Od;=j iïu¾Ykh lrkak' bka miqj h<s;a ABC wl=re

WÉpdrKh lrkak' Ñ;a;fhka ksmka rEm Yíoh Wmojk W.=rg"

iajr rcacqj,g yd wksl=;a ;ekaj,g me;sfrk whqre n,kak'

Ñ;a;c l,dmfha mj;akd mGú Od;=j lïuc rEm l,dmj, mGú

Od;=fõ .efgk ieá;a ^fuys Yíoh ksmojhs& ioao ú[a[;a;sh

iïnkaO jk ieá;a n,kak'

6' jÖ ú[a[;a;s ioao ,yq;dos f;ril l,dm - fldgia 13 lska hqla;

l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" jÖ ú[a[;a;s" Yío" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd

lïu[a[;d

7' wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c kjl l,dm ( fldgia kjhlska hqla;j

Ñ;a;fhka ksmka l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh yd Yíoh' fuh i;H

rEmhls' úmiaikd Ndjkdjg wruqKla yeáhg fhda.Hh'

8' wiaidi miaidi Ñ;a;c ioao ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia

fÞ<ylska hqla;j Ñ;a;fhka ksmka l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh"

Yíoh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d

igyk 7 yd 8 ys Yíoh hkq yqiau /,af,a Yíohhs' i;H rEm iu. ñY%

jQ i;H fkd jQ rEm wvx.= l,dm kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk

wjia:dfõ iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' úmiaikd w;r;=r ;%s,laIKh fhdod

.efkk wjia:dfõ tajd ukisldr fkd l< hq;=h'

>D;=fjka ksmka rEm l,dm j¾. i;r

1' W;=c iqoaOdÜGl l,dm ( fldgia wg wvx.= >D;=fjka ksmka

l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh' fuh i;H rEmhls'

2' W;=c ioao kjl l,dm ( wx. kjhla wvx.= >D;=fjka ksmka

139 140

l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh yd Yíoh' fuh o i;H rEmhls'

3' ,yq;d taldoi l,dm - ,yq;d tfldf<dia jeks fldgi jQ

l,dmh - Y=oaOdIaGlh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d' fuh

i;H rEmhla fkd fõ'

4' ioao ,yq;dos oajdoil l,dm - fldgia fÞ<ylska iukaú;

l,dmhls' Y=oaOdIaGlh" Yíoh" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d'

fuh i;H rEmhla fkd fõ'

fïjdhska m<uq jekak i<dh;kfhys;a fldgia 42 ka

fndfyduhl;aa olakg ,efí' fojekak l=fiys yg.kakd Yíoh;a

fjk;a tjeks Yío;a iïnkaO jQjls' fï uq,a l,dm fol wNHka;r

yd ndysr jYfhka oelsh yel' ;=ka jk yd y;r jk tajdg tys ñY%

jqKq i;H rEm ke;' úmiaikd ukisldrhg wdrïuK fkd fõ' kdu

rEm iïu¾Ykh lrk wjia:dfõ m%.=K lrk úg iïu¾Ykh l<

hq;=h' wjika fol ksiai;a;aj wruqKqj, ndysr jYfhka oelsh yels

fkd fõ' cSj;a jk i;a;ajhkaf.a wNHka;rj yd ndysrj olakg

,efí'

ćdfjka ksmka rEm l,dm foj¾.h

1' wdydrc Y=oaOdIaGl l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka ćdj wgjekak

fldg we;s l,dmhls'

2' ,yq;dfoldoil l,dm - wdydrfhka ksmka ,yq;d tfldf<dia

jeks fldgi yeáhg we;s l,dmhls' tys Y=oaOdIaGlh" ,yq;d"

uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d wvx.=h'

fï l,dm folska m<uq jekak >k rEmj,ska iukaú;h'

tys wdh;k ifhys u yd lfha fldgia 42 ka fndfyduhlo olakg

,efí' úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.Hh' fojekak wdh;k ifhysu yd

lfhys fldgia 42 ka fndfyduhlo olakg ,efí' fï l,dmh i;H

rEm jQ fldgia wglska yd i;H fkd jQ fldgia ;=klska ^,yq;d"

uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d& iukaú;h' i;H rEm jQ fldgia wg

úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.H jk w;r i;H fkd jQ rEm fldgia ;=k

úmiaikd Ndjkdjg fhda.H fkd fõ' fï l,dm folu ;ukaf.a

wNHka;rfha;a" wfkla cSùkaf.a ndysr j;a msysgd we;'

Yío j¾. ;=k

1' wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dm - wdYajdi m%Yajdifha

Yíoh

2' jÖ m[a[;a;s oil l,dm - l;d ny y`v

3' W;= ioao kjl l,dm - l=i ;=< jQ Yío iq<fÕa Yío wdosh

fïjdhska m<uq yd fojeks Yío cSj;ajk i;=ka ;=< muKla

oelsh yel' f;jekak ^W;= ioao kjl l,dm& mK we;s yd ke;s

foj¾.fha u olakg ,efí' ;=ka jekafka uq,a fofla Yío yer wka

ish,q Yío wka;¾.;h' jÖ ú[a[;a;s oil l,dmj, mj;akd jÖ

ú[a[;a;s rEm i;H rEm fkd fõ' tfyhska th úmiaikd

ukisldrhg fhda.H fkd fõ' tfy;a l,dmfha we;s wfkla rEm

i;H tajdh' tfyhska úmiaikd ukisldrhg tajd fhda.H h'

wiaidimiaidi Ñ;a;c ioao kjl l,dmj, yd W;=c ioao kjl

l,dmj, we;s ish,q rEm úmiaikd ukisldrhg fhda.H fõ'

,laIK rEm i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu

ms<sis| .kakd wjia:dfõ yd l=i ;=< .en jefvk

wjia:dfõ we;s rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tng yels jQ l,ays muKla

Wmph ^rEm jeãu& iïu¾Ykh lsrSug Tn iu;a jkafkysh'

ika;;s" cr;d yd wksÉp;d iïnkaOfhka jQ l,S tajd yqfola

wdh;k ifhys fyda YrSrfhys fldgia 42 ys i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s"

ia:s;s yd Nx.h' m<uqj ;ks rEm l,dmhla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tys

wx. 8" 9 fyda 10 wvx.= oehs úNd. lr n,kak' blaì;s l,dmhl

mj;akd ish,q i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s" ia:s;s" Nx. ne,Sug W;aidy

lrkak' wk;=rej wdh;k ifhys yd lfhys fldgia 42 ys ish,q

i;H rEmj, W;am;a;s" ia:s;s yd Nx. tl úg iïu¾Ykh lrkak'

rEm l,dm ish,a, tl úg Wmoskafka fkd fõ¦ ia:s;s fkd fõ¦ Nx.

fkd fõ¦ wjêj, fkd fõ’

141 142

rEm yeáhg ukisldr lsrSu msKsi ld,h

m<uqj wdh;kh ifhys tl tll we;s i;H rEm 54 fyda 44

fjka fjkaj iïu¾Ykh lrkak' blaì;sj ta tl tll i;H fkd jQ

rEm o Tng yels ;dla iïu¾Ykh lrkak' wk;=rej tla

wdh;khl ish,q rEmj, úmrskduh ksid jk fm<Su u.ska jk

,laIKj,g wkql+,j ish,a, tlúg iïu¾Ykh lrkak' tla tla

wdh;khl ish,q rEm f.k tajd —rEm˜ fyda fïjd rEm fyda

—fïjd rEm O¾u˜ hkqfjka tl úg ukisldr lrkak' lfhys

fldgia 42 ys tl tlla iïnkaOfhkao fuf,iu l< yel'

úmrskduh ksid jk fm<Sï ,laIK

ñka woyia flfrkqfha rEmh WKqiqfuka YS;g" ;o

.;sfhka fudf<dla njg" f.dfrdaiq núka isks÷ njg laIKsl f,i

fjkia ùuhs' tfy;a tajdys iajdNdúl ,laIK jQ ;o .;sh" je.sfrk

.;sh" WIaKh yd wdOdr ùu fjkia fkd fõ' lfhys rEm ;=<

WIaKh ^f;afcda& wêl fõ.hlska WKqiqï jQ úg oersh fkd yels

uÜgulg WIaK;ajh k.S' th YS;, jQ úg YS;, oersh fkd yels

uÜgulg meñfKa' fï wkqj tajd wLKavj wNHka;r j yd ndysrj

tlsfklg mSvd lrk fyhska l,dmhl rEmj, fõ.hkays ksrka;r

fjkiaùï ;sfí'

idrdxYh

1' rEm l,dm oelSug m%:u mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;=

y;r oelSu u.ska Wmpdr iudêh olajd iudêh jvkak'

2' rEm l,dm oelSug Tng yels úg tla tla l,dmhl ish,q rEm -

WÞyrK jYfhka mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda" jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO"

ri" ćd" csõyd" plaLqmamido Od;= - oelSu mssKsi tajd úNd.

lrkak'

3' blaì;sj iïu¾Ykh lrkak ( ;ks wdh;khl ^bkaøsh

oajdrhl& ish,q rEm¦ lfhaa tla ;ks fldgil ish,q rEm¦ wdh;k

ifha ish,q rEm¦ lfha fldgia 42 ysu ish,q rEm¦ ta ish,af,au

—rEm˜ — ˜

fjkiaùï ,laIKh we;s neõ oel tajd —rEm˜ fyda

—rEm O¾u˜ —rEm O¾u˜ fyda —fï rEmhls˜ —fï rEmhls˜ hs

isyshg .kak'

úiqoaê 7 ØK 16

7' ØK oiaik úiqoaê 16' mÉpfplaLK ØK

15' M, ØK

14' u.a. ØK

13' f.da;%N+ ØK

12' wkqf,dau ØK

13' ixLdrefmlaLd ØK

10' máixLd ØK

6' mámÞØKoiaik úiqoaê 9' uqÉÑ;=luH;d ØK

8' ksíìod ØK

7' wdoSkj ØK

6' Nh ØK

5' Nx. ØK

5' u.a.du.a. ØKoiaik úiqoaê 4' Wohính ØK

3' iïuik ØK

4' lxLd ú;rK úiqoaê 2' mÉphmrs.a.y ØK

3' osÜGs úiqoaê 1' kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØK

2' Ñ;a; úiqoaê } Wmpdr fyda wmamKd iudê

1' iS, úiqoaê }5" 8" 10 fyda 227 YS,

rEm lïuÜGdk ms<sn| ffioaOdka;sl meyeos,s lsrSu

úmiaikd Ndjkd lrkafkl= úiska ukisldr l< hq;= O¾u

—uyfKks" ish,a, ukdj fkd oksñka" ish,a, ukdj fkd

olsñka ^wjfndaO fkd lr .ksñka&" úrd. fkd lrñka"

w;afkdyrsñka flfkl=g ÿla fl<jr l< fkd yel’

uyfKks" ish,a, ukdj okssñka" ukdj olsñka" úrd.

fjñka" w;a yrsñka flfkl=g ÿla fl<jr l< yel˜'

—rEm˜

143 144

d—i nx Nls La f wk ck wm cs d x wúrdchx wm k í j Ns r k c xx.N nn C CLh . n L L cs d x r dkw f d ÿ L dh … i p f d Nls a j w m cs nx N k x

h h; n j..";k ix q a " i n a d ;r fnnú dchx mcyx N d ÿCLCLhdh˜ î<

umG wmrcdkk i;q ;a &s

fï iQ;%hg wh;a wgqjdj" fuys m%ldY lrkqfha mrs[aØ

^mQ¾K wjfndaO& ;=k u .ek hhs ;j ÿrg;a meyeos,s lrhs' tys

fufia oelafõ'

is s—b; bu ñ i ; ia m mrs[\ l:s;d fydka;s' ;afqs ia ;x

y pf r[sN dkk; j kk ;w l:s;d" mrscdkka;s jpfkk s c ss ØØ m;rS Km [s chx m y où myd [s ;s;ad" k y r ˜Øcr Ø ú s s Kmr

fuys f;areu kï ( —ukdj oksñka˜ hkq Ø;mrs[aØ h"

—ukdj olsñka˜ hkq ;SrK mrs[aØ h' wjika fol jq —úrd.fhka˜

—w;a yrsñka˜ hkq m%ydK mrs[aØ h' mQ¾K wjfndaOh —okakd ,o˜¡

mrSCId lrñka" w; yrsñka¡ yeáhg&'

tfyhska fï mrs[aØ ;=fka wdOdrfhka m[ap ialkaO

;DIaKdfõ ish¨ kdu rEm iyuq,ska wjfndaO fldg .ekSfuka

muKla rEm yd kdu flf¾ we;s we,au yd ;DIaKdj neyer ,Sug;a"

ÿl fl<jr lsrSug;a flfkla iu;a fj;a' ;jo úiqoaê ud¾.

àldfõ fufia olajhs' —;x ys wkjfiif;d mrsf[a[hHx

tlixf;d úrdcs;ínx˜ úiq'àld 2" 358 msgqj&'

fuys f;areu kï úmiaikd ØKfha wruqK jQ

m[apialkaO ;DIaKdj jH;ssf¾lhla fkdue;s j" ksrjfYaIfhka"

m%:ufhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' bkamiqj ta rEm yd kdu ms<sn|

we,au yd ;DIaKdj W.=,qjd oeóu msKsi úmiaikd Ndjkdjg wruqK

jk ;%s,laIKh ta ish,q kdu rEmj,g fhdÞ .kakd f,i àldj

Wmfoia fohs’

fï .%ka:hkag wkqj ;DIaKd ialkaO m[aplh ilik rEm

kdu ish,a, ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhd m<uqj

iu;a úh hq;=h'

tfia lsrSfïoS(

ish,q rEm ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh

hs y÷kajkq ,efí' ish,q kdu ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh

kdu mrsÉfPao ØKh hs' rEm yd kdu fjkia .K folla yeáhg

iïu¾Ykh lrkØKh kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh hs'

fï ØK ;=k" rEm mrs.a.y ØK" wrEm mrs.a.y ØK yd

kdu rEm mrs.a.y ØK hkqfjka fjk;a kï ;%s;ajhlska o y÷kajkq

,efí' ;j o fuu wjia:dfõ oS" —mqoa.,fhl= ke;" i;a;ajfhl=

ke;" wd;auhla o ke;" yqfola kdu rEm muKla we;˜ hkqfjka

olakd kqjK kdu rEm jj;a:dk ØK hs y÷kajkq ,efí'

rEm yd kdu ish,a, iïu¾Ykh lsrSug W;aidy ork

mqreIfhl= OHdkhg meñK fkdue;af;a kï OHdkhg iïnkaO

tajd w;ay< hq;=h' boska Tyq OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug iu;a kï" Tyq ,nd

.;a ljr fyda OHdkhlg iïnkaO rEm yd kdu úmiaikd

ØKfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h" ukisldr l< hq;=h'

fojkqj" ta rEm yd kduj,g fya;= ;;a;ajdldrfhka

ksjerosj o; hq;=h' fï ØKh mÉphmrs.a.y ØKh hs'

fï ØK fol - kdu rEm mrsÉfPao ØKh yd mÉph

mrs.a.y ØKh - úmiaikd ØKhg wruqKq jk O¾u meyeos,sj"

úYoj yd ksis f,i okakd fyhska" fï fol —Ø; mrs[aØ˜ hs lshkq

,efí'

f;jkqj" ish,q rEmhkaf.a yd kduhkaf.a wks;H" ÿ#L yd

wkd;au neõ yd tajdg fya;= meyeos,sj o; hq;=h' iïuik ØKfha

isg úo¾Ykd wjia:d ;=< - fuh úmiaikdj iïmdokh lrhs - fï

rEm yd kdu iy tajdfha fya;=" ta tl tll ;%s,laIKh o olsñka

ukisldr lrkq ,efí'

fï úmiaikd ØKj,ska iïuik ØK yd WojHh ØK

145 146

hk fol - fïjdfha l¾;jH jkafka rEmhkaf.a yd kduhkaf.a

wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ,laIK;a" tajdfha fya;=;aa úNd. lsrSu yd

iïu¾Ykh lsrSu hs - ;SrK m[aØ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'

Nx. ØKfha isg by<g b;srs úmiaikd ØKj, oS ta

O¾uj, wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ,laIK iu. ish,q rEm" kdu yd

tajdys fya;= M, Nx.h muKla olakg ,efí' tu wjia:dj, oS neyer

l< hq;= kSjrK ;djld,slj neyer lrkq ,nk neúka" fï ØK

'mydK mrs[aØ' kï fõ'

wrshu.a. ØKh" ish,q rEm kdu kï jQ ÿ#L i;Hh" fï rEm

yd kduhkaf.a fya;= kï jQ iuqoh i;Hh" wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au

kï jQ ÿ#L i;Hfha yd iuqoh i;Hfha iajNdjh jgyd .ekSug fkd

yels jk ;rug is; w÷re lrjk yd wjfndaO lr .ekSu j<lajd

,k wúoHdj fyj;a fudayh ksrjfYaIfhkau yd iyuq,skau neyer

lrhs' wrsh u.a. ld¾hh - fï O¾uhka oek .ekSfï ld¾hh" fï

O¾u wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka úNd. lsrSfï ld¾hh -

iïmQ¾K lsrsug we;s Yla;sh ksid fïjdg Ø; mrs[aØ yd ;SrK

mrs[aØ hk ku ,eî we;' kSjrKhka ksrjfYaIfhka m%ydK lrk

fyhska tajd o mydk mrs[aØ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'

fhda.djprhd fï m%× ;=k jeãu u.ska ;DIaKd mCoap

ialkaOh ks¾udKh lrk rEm yd kdu ish,a, ms<sn| mQ¾K

wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug W;aidy l< hq;=h' fï fya;=j ksid

fhda.djprhd m<uqj rEm yd kdu o; hq;=h¦ W.; hq;=h¦ lg mdvï

lr .; hq;=h'

my; oelafjkafka rEm ms<sn| meyeos,s lsrSuls'

rEm 28

uyd N=; i;r

mGú Od;=j

.re mGú .Kh ,yq mGú .Kh

1' ;o 2' fudf,dla

3' r¿ 4' isks÷

5' nr 6' ieye,a,q

wdfmda Od;=j

1' je.sfrk 2' wef,k

f;afcda Od;=j

1' WIaK 2' YS;

jdfhda Od;=j

1' wdOdrl 2' ;,a,q lrk

m%ido rEm ke;fyd;a m[ap m%ido Od;= ^—ixfõoS rEm˜ hs o

lshkq ,efí&

1' plaLqmamido - wefia m%ido rEm Tmh&

2' fida; mido - lfka m%ido rEm

3' >dK mido - kdifha m%ido rEm

4' csõyd mido - csõydfõ m%ido rEm

5' ldh mido - lfha m%ido rEm ûq¿ isrer mqrd

me;sr mj;S&

f.dapr rEm } lafIa;% - úIh - rEm fyj;a wdrïuK rEm y;

1' rEm }oelau} j¾K

2' ioao} Yíoh

3' .kaO} .| iqj|

4' ri} ri

5' fMdÜGín} iam¾Y 5' mGú Od;=j

6' f;afcda Od;=j

7' jdfhda Od;=j

147 148

mGú" f;afcda yd jdfhda Od;= tlaj iam¾Y wdrïuK ilihs'

boska tajd lafIa;% fyda wdrïuK úIh yeáhg fjka fjkaj .Kkh

lrkafka kï wdrïuK úIh ke;fyd;a rEm lafIa;% y;la fõ' rEm

28 .Kka lsrSfïoS iam¾Yh fMdÜGín& w;a yrskq ,efí' ula ksid o

h;a mGú" f;afcda" jdfhda hk ;=k i;r uyd N+;hka ;=< fjk

fjku .Kkh lr we;s fyhsks'

Ndj rEm - ,sx. jYfhka jQ rEm¦ foj¾.hls'

1' b;a:sNdj rEm - ia;%shl njg meñKùfï rEm

2' mqrsiNdj rEm - mqreIhl= njg meñKùfï rEm

mqoa.,fhl= ;=< fï rEm foj¾.fhka tla j¾.hla muKla mj;S'

tkï ia;%sh ;=< we;af;a ia;%sh ùug fya;= ldrl jk rEm muKs'

mqreIfhl= ;=< we;af;a mqreIfhl= ùug fya;= ldrl jk rEm

muKls' Ndj rEm uq¿ YrSrh mqrd olakg ,efí'

yoh rEm - yojf;a rEm

yoh j;a:q rEm } yDoh wdh;kh" ufkda Od;=j ke;fyd;a ufkda

ú[aØK Od;=j /|S mj;akd rEmh'

yoh rEmh yoh oil l,dm yeáhg olakg ,efí' tajd yDoh

fldaIh ;=< reêrfha úisr mj;S' ufkda Od;=j ke;fyd;a ufkda

ú[aØK Od;=j /|S mj;akd ;ek fyhska th yoh wdh;kh hs

lshkq ,efí'

cSú; rEm - cSú; n,h

1' cSú;skaøsh - fuu rEmh uq¿ YrSrh mqrd mj;S' l¾ufhka ksmka

rEmj, lïuc rEm& cSú;h fkd kid mj;ajhs'

wdydr rEm

1' ln,sxldr wdydr - wdydrfha mj;akd fmdaIl idrh ćd& h'

ćd rEmh ish,q rEm l,dmj, - lïu" Ñ;a; fyda W;= u.ska

ksmka l,dmj, mjd - mj;S' t;kaysoS tajd ms<sfj,ska lïuc ćd"

Ñ;a;c cd yd W;=c cd hs ye|skafõ' fuu igykaj, fhda.djprhd

;=< wjq,la we;s fkd jkq msKsi nqosk ,o wdydrfhka ksmka ćd

wÜGul rEm l,dmj, wvx.= cdj muKla —wdydrc cd˜ jYfhka

y÷kajkq ,nk neõ u;l ;nd .; hq;=h' ke;fyd;a jvd;a ksYaÑ;

jkq msKsi" hful= w¿;a wdydr .kakd ,o úg yd ;ju;a l=i ;=<

we;s úg - Wrd f.k YrSrh mqrd fuf;la fnÞyer fkdue;s cdj -

W;=c cdhs y÷kajkq ,efí¡

cSú; kjl l,dmj, mrsmdpl f;afcda Od;=fõ iydh we;sj

w¿;a wdydr meijkq ,efí' fuh ćd wÜGul rEm l,dmj, kj

iemhqula ksmo fõ' fï rEm wdydrc wÜGul rEm hhs lshkq ,efí'

fï wdydrc ćd wÜGul rEm l,dmj, ćdj wdydrc ćdhs

y÷kajkq ,efí'

rEm O¾uj, by; i|yka j¾. 18 iNdj rEm îajNdúl

rEm& hs y÷kajkq ,efí' tajd tl tlla ;o .;sh wdoS iajdNdúl

,laIK i;= fyhsks' 1&

fï rEm j¾. 18 i,laLK rEm ^fmdÿ ,CIK rEm& hs o

ye|ska fõ' ish,q rEm yd kdu fmdÿ ,CIK iys; neúks' tkï (

wks;Hh" yg.efkk ìf|k fyhsks¦ ÿ#Lh - yg .ekafuka yd

ì|Sfuka fm<k fyhsks¦ wkd;auh - tajd lsishï ks;H" ia:djr

idrhla wd;auhla fyda iaùh;ajhla iys; fkd jk neúks' 2&

fï rEm j¾. 18 l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= yd cd fya;= yeáhg f.k

yg .kakd fyhska tajd ksmaMka; rEm ^ksmo jQ rEm& hkqfjkao

y÷kajkq ,efí' 3&

fï rEm j¾. 18 ksrka;rfhka wia:sr fukau" nvje,a ;=<

WIaKfha isg YS;,g" ;o nfõ isg fudf<dla njg fjkia jk

fyhska tajd rEm rEm ^h:d N+; fyj;a i;H rEm& yeáhg y÷kajkq

,efí' 4&

fï rEm j¾. 18 wks;H" ÿ#L" wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh Ndú;

lsrsug fhda.H neúka yd úmiaikd Ndjkdjg WÑ; wruqKq neúka

tajd iïuik rEm îïu¾Ykh i|yd fhda.H rEm& hs o y÷kajkq

,efí' 5&

149 150

my; olajkq ,nk b;srs rEm j¾. 10 by; oelajqKq j¾. 18

fuka fkd fõ'

tajd (

1' wiNdj rEm - iajdNdúl ,laIKj,ska f;dr rEm

2' w,laLK rEm - ;%s,laIKh rys; rEm

3' wksmaMka; rEm - ksmojkq fkd ,enQ rEm

4' wrEm rEm - h:dN+; fkd jQ rEm

5' wiïuik rEm - úmiaid Ndjkdjg fkdiqÿiq rEm

mrsÉfPao rEm - iSud fjka flfrk rEm

1' wdldi Od;= - wjldY Od;=

tla tla rEm wKqjla f,aYhla& ;fjlla iu. ñY%ùfuka j<lajk"

rEm f,aYhla fjka fjka f,i iSud fjka lr oelaùug iu;a nj

we;s lrjk" rEm l,dm w;r wjldYh kï jQ rEm —mrsÉfPao rEm˜

kï fõ'

ú[a[;s rEm - weÕùfï bÕs oelaùfï& rEm¦ tajd foj¾.hls(

1' ldh ú[a[;a;s - YdrSrsl weÕùï

YrSrfha l%shd fyda p,k¦ fuh ikaksfõoh we;s lrjhs'

^ldhsl NdIdj&

2' jÖ ú[a[;a;s - jdÑl weÕùu¦ l:k l%shdj' fuh

ikaksfõokh we;s lrjhs'

flfkl=f.a is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dIhka ;j;a flfkl=g oek

.ekaug ie,eiaùu ú[a[;a;s rEmh' ldh ú[a[;a;s hkq bx.s;hla

u.ska <Õg tk f,i ix×jla jeks ldhsl we.ùula ;=<ska

flfkl=f.a is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dI ikaksfõokh lsrSuhs'

jÖ ú[a[;a;sh hkq 'lreKdlr <Õg tkak' hs

mqoa.,fhl=g w`v .eiSu jeks l:d Yíohla u.ska flfkl=f.a

is;=ú,s fyda wNs,dI ikaksfõokh lsrSuhs' ldh yd jÖ ú[a[;a;s

ukiska Wmokd fyhska fï rEm is;la ke;s cSj;a fkd jk foag Wod

( leiÜ fÜmaia jeks foag& nyd,sh fkd yels hhs lshkq ,efí' tajd

csj;ajk i;a;ajhkaf.a l:dj, yd YrSrfha Yíoj,;a p,kj,;a

muKla oelsh yel'

úldr rEm - úlD;sh fjkiaùu yeáhg

1' ,yq;d - ieye,a,q nj

(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj

(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj

(c) ćdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, ieye,a,q nj

2' uqÿq;d - uqÿq nj

(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿq nj

(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿq nj

(c) ćdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, uqÿ nj

3' lïu[a[;d - rEmj, l¾uKH;dj fkdfyd;a kuHYS,S nj

(a) Ñ;a;fhka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj

(b) W;=fjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj

(c) ćdfjka ksmka h:dN+; i;H& rEmj, l¾uKH;dj

,yq;d" uqÿ;d yd lïu[a[;d hk fï rEm;%h uq,ska i|yka l<

ldh ú[a[;a;s yd jÖ ú[a[;a;s hk rEm fol;a iu. —úldr rEm˜

hs y÷kajkq ,efí'

,laLK rEm - rEm ,laLK jYfhka¦ tajd i;rls'

1' Wmph - rEmfha jeãu

^w& Bg tla cSú;hl i;H rEmfha wdrïNfha my< jk

,laIKh we;'

^wd& bkaøshka jeãug yd iïmQ¾K lsrSug fya;= ldrl fjhs'

m%udKj;a Ndjhg <.dùug yd jeãug iy jeäùug;a

fhda.H rEm ilihs'

151 152

2' ika;;s - rEmfha wLKav meje;au' bkaøshka jevqKq miq cSú;fha

i;H rEmj, wLKav meje;au ika;;sh& iy;sl lrhs'

nqÿka jykafia by; i|yka fohdldrhg yg .ekSu ld,

mrsÑfPao follg - tkï ms<s.ekafï isg weia" lka wdoS

bkaøshhkaf.a jeãu olajd tlla yd tu bkaøshhka iïmQ¾K l<

miq wksl jYfhka fnoñka W.kajd jÞ< fial' fï rEm fol

i;H rEmhlska yqÿ yg .ekau hs'

3' cr;d - i;H rEmhkaf.a osrd hdu fyda fïrSu¦ fï h:dN+; i;H&

rEmj, ia:s;s wjia:djhs'

4' wksÉp;d - i;H rEmhkaf.a ksreoaêh ^ì|S hdu& hs' fï i;H

rEmhkaf.a ì|S hk - Nx. jk - wjia:djhs'

i;H rEm 18 yd jHdc rEm 10 hk fïjd j¾. 28 l tl;=jla

idohs' fï rEm 28 ka mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda yd jdfhda hk tajdg zOd;=Z"

‘ zuyd Od;=Z fyda zN+; rEmZ hs lshkq ,efí' wks;a rEm 24 j¾.h WmdÞ

rEm hs lshkq ,efí' uyd N+; i;r mokï fldg f.k fïjd ìysjk

fyhsks'

rEmhkaf.a iajNdjh

fï rEm j¾. 28 g iajdëkj fyda ;ks ;ksj mej;sh fkd yel' Bg

.Khla jYfhka muKla mej;sh yel' rEm l,dmhs th y÷kajkq

,efí' rEmhkaf.a b;du l=vd tl;=j yd msKavh hk kñ' tl rEm

l,dmhl rEm kï(

tal=mamdo } tajd tl úg WmoS¦

talksfrdaO} tajd tl úg Nx. fõ¦

talksiaih } tajd tu l,dmh ;=<u ta rEm u;u msysgd isà'

rEm l,dmhkays mj;akd WmdÞk rEm tu l,dmfhau

mj;akd Od;= i;frka m%Nj fõ' ke;fyd;a tajd mokï fldg .kS'

tajd fjk;a rEm l,dmhl mj;akd Od;= i;r mokï fldg fkd

.kS' ;jo tla rEm l,dmhl we;s Od;= i;r tlsfkl u; rÞ mj;S'

tla l,dmhl we;s Od;= i;r yd WmdÞ rEm folu fjk;a l,dmhl

Od;= i;r u; rÞ fkd mj;S' tla l,dmhl tlg Wmosk rEmhka

w;frysu yd N+; u; WmdÞ rEm /|S mj;S' uyd N+; tlsfkl u; r\

mj;S'

fï rEm i;H rEm f,i mrud¾:hka yeáhg oelSug;a"

WmdÞ rEm N+; rEm u; rÞ mj;akd neõ iy N+; rEm N+; rEm u; rÞ

mj;akd neõ ØKfhka oelSug;a" m<uq j" rEm l,dm oelSug

yelsùu wjYHh' fhda.djprhd rEm l,dm oelSug iu;a jQ miq tl

tll mj;akd mrud¾:hka oelSug iy tl tll rEm wgla" kjhla"

oyhla fyda Bg jeä .Kkla we;aoehs ne,Sug o iu;a fõ' bka miq

ØKfhka ta tla tla rEmhla úNd. lrïka tajdys we;s iajdNdúl

,CIK yd .=Kdx. oek .ekSug;a jEhï l< hq;=h' bkslaì;sj

muKs" rEmhkaf.a mru i;Hh oel .; yels jkafka' fï igykaj,

rEm l,dm oelSfï fï l%uh zOd;= úNd.hZ hs y÷kajkq ,efí'

ucaCêu ksldfha uQ, mKaKdilfha uyd hul j.a.fha uyd

f.damd,l iQ;%fha nqÿka jykafia fufia jÞr;s( zuyfKksZ fï Oïu

úkfha tfldf<dia .=Kdx.hlska iukaú; NslaIqj fï whqrska oshqKq

jkakg" j¾Okh jkakg yd fYa%IaG;ajhg m;a jkakg wiu;a fõ''

fï .=Kdx. tfld<y w;rska nqÿka jykafia oelajQ tla .=Kdx.hla

kï(

fuys zuyfKksZ NslaIqj rEm fkd olS'' fuh nqÿka jykafia

;j ÿrg;a fufia meyeos,s lr;s'

zuyfKksZ fï Ydikfhys NslaIqjla hï rEmhla fõ kï ta

rEm ish,a, uyd N+; i;rh" uyd N+; i;frka ksmka rEmh' hs

h:dldrfhka fkd okSo" uyfKks" fufia NslaIqjla fkd olsñka

rEm fkd olS''

fï iïnkaOfhka wgqjdj fufia lshhs'

zrEm fkd olsñkaZ hkq i;r uyd N+; ixLHdj yd yg

153 154

.ekafï fya;= jYfhka hk fohdldrfhka fkd oelSuhs'

zixLHdj fkdolsñka hkq fmf<ys oelafjk rEm 25 fkd oelSuhs'

wei" lK" kdih" osj" ldh" jKaK" .kaO" ri" iam¾Y" ia;%S Ndj"

mq¾INdj" cSúf;akaøsh" ldh ú[a[;a;s" jÖ ú[a[;a;s" wdldi"

jdfhda Od;=" ,yq;d" uqÿ;d" lïu[a[;d" Wmph" ika;;s" cr;d"

wks;H Ndj" cdh'

fuf,i ;u fokqka .Kk fkd okakd f.dm,af,l= fuka"

rEm ixLHdj fkd okakd NslaIqj" rEm iïu¾Ykh" wrEm ^kdu&

ljrlaoehs y÷kd .ekSu" Ñ;a; iïu¾Ykh" rEm yd tajdfha fya;="

;%s,laIK Ndú; lsrSu yd Ndjkd wNsu;d¾:h hk tajd olakg

wiu;a fjhs'

f.dm,a,df.a /< jeäjkafka fyda jefvkafka fyda

ke;sjdla fuka NslaIqjo fï Ydikfhys iS,fhka" iudêfhka yd

m%×fjka" ud¾.fhka M,fhka fyda ks¾jdKfhka fkd jefâ' ta

f.dm,a,d .jhdf.a mia f.da rifhys ri fkd ú|skakdla fuka ta

NslaIqjo iS, iudê" m%× úuqla;s yd w¾y;a úuqla;sh oelSu yd oekSu

hk O¾u ldKav ri fkd ú|S'

rEmhkaf.a my< ùug fya;= fkd oekSu hkq zfï rEm my<

ùug tla fya;=jla we; fïjdg fya;= folla we;" fï rEmj,g fya;=

;=kla we;' fïjdg fya;= y;rla we;Z hs fkd oekSuhs' f.dm,a,d

Tyqf.a fokqkaf.a j¾Kh fyda ,laIK yevrej& fkd okakdla fuka

NslaIqj o rEm yg .ekafï fya;= fkd olsñka" rEm iïu¾Ykhg"

wrEm kdu& l=ula oehs fjka fldg y÷kd .ekSug wiu;aj wry;a

nj ,oaoyqf.a úuqla;sh fkd oksñka¡

ud¾. M, yd ks¾jdKh ,eîug i;H jYfhkau ´kElu

we;s fhda.djprhd nqÿka jykafiaf.a fï jpkj,g úfYaI wjOdkh

fhduq l< hq;=h' rEm ixLHdj yd tajd yg.ekSfï fya;= oek .ekSug

yels ùu msKsi rEm l,dm ;ks ;ksj iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a" rEm

l,dm ixúNd. lsrSug;a iu;a úh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a rEm l,dm

Z

ixúNd. lsrSug iu;a fkd ùfuka ljr rEmhla l¾ufhka" ljrla

Ñ;a;fhka" ljrla f;afcdafjka" ljrla wdydrfhka cks; ù oehs

ljr f,ilska j;a ljrla j;a fjka lr y÷kd .ekSug fkd iu;a

fjhs' tfyhska rEm l,dm ixúNd. lsrSug fkd yels jQ úg flfkl=

mru i;Hh olakg ,oehs mejiSug ljr fyda l%uhla ke;'

rEmj, >k;aj ;=k

rEmhkaf.a mru i;Hh oelSu msKsi fhda.djprhd rEm >k

hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nk ;%súOdldr >k ì| ne,sh hq;=h' rem

iïnkaO ;%súO >khla we;ehs àldj mjihs' th fufia olajhs'

—>kúksífNd.ka;s ika;;siuqylspp>kdkx úksíN+cdkx

úfjpkx˜ u'àldj 1'365 msgqj&

mrsj¾;kh ( >k ixúNd.h hkq ika;;s wúpPskk meje;au&" iuQy

^.K fkdfyd;a fmdos& yd lsÉp l%shd& >k ì| ne,Suhs'

1' ika;;s >k}wúÉPskak meje;afï >kh

ish,q rEm l,dm j, - l¾u" Ñ;a;" W;= fyda wdydr hk ljr

fya;=jlska ksmkafka jqjo= - iEu úgu f;afcda Od;=j we;' fï

f;afcda Od;=j zW;=Z hkqfjkao y÷kajkq ,efí' f;afcda Od;=j

ke;fyd;a zW;=Z W;= ćd wÜGul rEm l,dm yg .ekau;a

m%j¾Okh;a we;s lrhs' fï rEm l,dm wdydr ćdj wg jekak

fldg .;a W;=fjka ksmka tajd h' fïjdys mGú" wdfmda" f;afcda"

jdfhda" jKaK" .kaO" ri yd cd wvx.=h'

WÞyrKhla yeáhg plaLqm%idoh oi jeks wx.h fldg .;a

rEm l,dmh .ksuq' fï l,dmh úNd. fldg ne,qjfyd;a wx. oyhla

wmg oelsh yel' by; i|yka wg yd cSúf;akaøsh iy plaLqm%idoh ta'

fï wx. oyh w;r f;afcda Od;=jo mj;S' ta f;afcda Od;=j cdj wg

jekak fldg .;a W;=fjka ksmojk ta l,dm ksmoùu m%j¾Okh

lsrSu lrhs’

155 156

tfiau fï wdldrhg rEm tys :s;s wjia:djg meñKs l,ays

iEu úgu plaLq oil l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j W;=c ćd wÜGul

l,dm y;r fyda mia j;djla my< ùu isÿ lrhs' fï mrïmrdfõ

wka;su l,dm wvx.= f;afcda Od;=j W;=fjka ksmka l,dm ;j ÿrg;a

cks; lsrSug wiu;a fjhs' wfkla rEm l,dmo fï wdldrhg

mj;akd neõ f;areï .; hq;=h'

iuyr rEm l,dmj, f;afcda Od;=j isjq fyda mia j;djla

rEm l,dm m%j¾Okh lrjhs' ;j;a iuyr tajdg h<s;a lSm jrlau

th l< yel' fï úúO wdldrhg ìys l< ish,qu W;=c cd wÜGul

l,dm W;=fjka ksmka rEm yeáhg y÷kajkq ,efí'

by; fmkajQ mrsos fï yd iudk wdldrhg wkqNj l<

wdydr W;=c cd wÜGul l,dmj,ska iïmdos;h' ta tl tll cdj

wvx.=h' fï cdj ;ju;a YrSrhg Wrd .;af;a fyda úisrS .sfha fyda

ke;s w;r" ;ju;a W;=c rEm fõ' YrSrfha fldgia 42 ka fuh .s,sk

,o wdydrh Worshx& kï fõ' fï W;=c cdj l=i ;=< jQ" l¾ufhka

ksmka f;afcdafõ ^cSjk kjl l,dmfhys tla j¾.hl wvx.=

f;afcdafõ& iydhfhka osrjkq ,efí' Wrd .kq ,efí' ćd wÜGul

l,dm iajrEmfhka YrSrh mqrd úysoS hhs' fï ćd wÜGul rEm"

wdydrc ćd wÜGul l,dm ^wdydrfhka ksmka l,dm& hs y÷kajkq

,efí'

wdydrc cdfõ iydhfhka lïuc l,dm" Ñ;a;c l,dm yd

W;=c l,dmj, cdjg mrïmrd ;=fka isg fÞ<y olajd cd wÜGul

rEm m%j¾Okh l< yel' ksmoúh yel' boska wdydrfha fmdaIl

idrh - ćdj - Yla;su;a kï tys Yla;sh wkqj ćd wÜGul rEm

mrïmrd fndfyda .Kkla ksmoúh yel'

fhda.djprhd fï ish,q l%shdj,s úYoj yd fjka fjkaj

olakg iu;a kï yd fï l%shdj,sfha tla tla rEm l,dmhla

iïu¾Ykh l< yels kï Tyq ika;;s >kh neyer l< yeáhg

i,lkq ,efí¡

2' iuQy >k

>k iuQyh ì| fy,Su" mrud¾: rEm fnÞ ne,Sfuka

l,dmhl we;s rEm wgla" kjhla fyda oyhla fyda fõjd ta tla tla

rEm l,dmhl ;ks ;ks mrud¾: rEmhl iajdNdúl ,laIK

×Kfhka ne,Su;a iu. we;s fõ'

3' lsÉp >kh lD;H >kh&

lD;H >kh ì| fy,Su" rEm l,dmhl mj;akd ;ks ;ks

mrud¾: rEm úiska bgq lrkq ,nk l%shd ØKfhka ne,Sug

mqoa.,fhl= iu;a jq úg isÿ jkakls'

fï >k ;=k ì| ,Su msKsi fhda.djprhd lsishï úfYaI rEm

l,dmhl mj;akd tla tla mrud¾: rEmhl ,laIK" l%shd ^ri&"

jegySu ^mÉpqmÜGdk& yd wdikak ldrKh ^moÜGdk& iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug iu;aúh hq;=h' fïjd oelSug fhda.djprhd Wmpdr iudêh

fyda w¾mKd iudêh hk wjê foflka tlla jeãu wjYH

jkafkah'

Ñ;a; úiqoaêh

wd¾h wIaGdx.sl ud¾.fha ish,q wx. jeäh hq;= o@

ks¾jdKdê.uh wfmalaId lrk fhda.djprhd Oïuplal

iQ;%h" uyd i;smÜGdk iQ;%h yd wksl=;a iQ;%j, i|yka ÿ#Lh wjika

lsrSug u. i<ik m%;smÞ ud¾.h iïud osÜGsfha isg iïud iudê

olajd jQ wx. wglska iukaú; hhs b.ekafjk neõ isys ;nd .;

hq;=h' fï ish,q wx. mj;akd úg muKla fhda.djprfhl=g

ks¾jdKhg - ÿ#L ksfrdaOhg - meñKsh yel'

fï wx. fÞ<fyka iïud iudêh m%:u" oaú;Sh" ;D;Sh yd

p;=¾: OHdk yeáhg fndfyda iQ;%j, nqÿka jykafia úiska jÞrkq

,en ;sfí' fï b.ekaùï l%uh WlalÜG ksoafoai l%uh ke;fyd;a

157 158

ucafCOoSml l%uhhs lshkq ,efí' WlalÜGksoafoai l%uh

flfkl=f.a úmiaikd m%.=K lsrSu u; mokï lsrSu i|yd jQ fyd|u

iudêh fmkajd ,hs' ucafCOoSml l%uh iudê j¾. kjfhka ueo jQ

i;r fmkajd ,hs' th rEmdjpr iudêh olajhs' fuh ldudjpr

by<u iudêh - Wmpdr iudêh - yd rEmdjpr iudêfha ljr

me;a;l fyda yg .kakd wrEmdjpr iudêh iu. tlg .; hq;=h' ta

wkqj nqÿka jykafia iïud iudêh WÞyrKhla yeáhg OHdk i;r

olajk úg thska iudê kj j¾.hu woyia l< neõ jgyd .; hq;=h'

fï wkqj ks¾jdKdê.uhg úmiaikd jeãu msKsi

fhda.djprfhl= iïud iudêh i;= j isáh hq;=h hs fmkS hkq we;'

ks¾jdKh ,eîu msKsi úmiaikdj wjYH ke;ehs hk o¾Ykh

we;shjqka wd¾h ud¾.fha tla wx.hla neyer lr ima;dx. ud¾.hla

njg m;a lr f.k we;' tla tla fhda.djprhd ima;dx. ud¾.hla

ms<smeoSfuka ksjKg <.d úh yelso hkak ;ud u i,ld ne,sh

hq;=h'

Y=oaêfha ima; wjia:djka jeãu msKsi m<uqj" fhda.djprhd

YS, úY=oaêh jeäh hq;=h' Ñ;a; úY=oaêh Bg wk;=rejh' Ñ;a;

úY=oaêh iïmQ¾K lr .ekSfuka wk;=rej Tyqg osÜGs úY=oaêh jeäh

yel¡

wNsOïu;a: ix.%yfha fufia oelafõ'

—,laLK ri mÉpqmÜGdk moÜGdkjfik kdurEmmrs.a.y

osÜGsúiqoaê kdu˜ 9 mrsÉfþoh" úiqoçfNo&

mrsj¾;kh fufiah' —,laIK" ri ^ls%hd&" mÉpqmÜGdk

^jegySu& yd moÜGdk ^wdikak ldrKh& jYfhka kdu rEm

iïu¾Ykh lsrsu osÜGs úiqoaêhhs˜'

osÜGs úiqoaêh jeãu imqrd ,Sug woyia lrk fhda.djprhd

m<uqj Ñ;a; úY=oaêh idlaId;a lr .ekSug W;aidy .; hq;af;ah'

úY=oaêud¾.h Ñ;a; úY=oaêh fufia w¾:l:kh lrhs'

—Ñ;a; úiqoaê kdu iWmpdr wÜG iudm;a;sfhda˜' tys woyi

kï Ñ;a; úY=oaêh hkq Wmpdr iudêh iu. jQ wÜG iudm;a;sh

hs'^úY='u'xvii'i)

ta wkqj rEm OHdk i;r" wrEm OHdk i;r yd Wmpdr

iudêh Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ilihs' tneúka Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ,eîu msKsi

Wmpdr iudêh fyda tla OHdkhla fyda ta ish,a, tlaj fyda ,eîug

ù¾h l< hq;=h'

ixhqla; ksldfha iudê iQ;%h ^LkaOj.a. ixhq'& fufia

olajhs(

— êx dfj " uy ; fj CL d xfsCsi N Lfj N : i NCs L Ns q h:N;+ ud d d'scd dk u h[p [ " h u [m k rEm i w .u pa fjok i oh pa " F: d qoq x

aØ u: p [ h u kw;a x u " i h i " wF:x. pa " i Ldr oq. [p [ x d x[

o [ [ Ø uh a [ o [ F x. paiuq pa " w . " ú ia i h pa w u[ ˜u Ki q:a; x :p

th fufia mrsj¾;kh l< yelsh(

—uyfKks" iudêh jvkak' uyfKks" iudys; jQ NslaIqj

h:dN+; f,i olshs' l=ula h:dN+; f,i olS o@ rEmj, iuqoh yd tys

fya;=" wiaa;x.uh yd tys fya;= h¦ fõokdfõ iuqoh yd tys fya;="

wia;x.uh yd tys fya;= h¦ i[aØfõ iuqoh yd tys fya;=="

wia;x.uh yd tys fya;=h¦ ixLdrj, iuqoh yd tys fya;=" wia;x.uh

yd tys fya;=h¦ ú[aØKfha iuqoh yd tys fya;=" wia;x.uh yd tys

fya;=h'

fï iQ;%fha nqÿka jykafia h:dN+; f,i oek .ekSu msKsi iudêh

jeäh hq;= hhs fmkajd oS we;'

1' rEm" fõokd" i[aØ" ixLdr yd ú[aØK mrud¾: O¾u hs'

2' m[apialkaOfha yg .ekaug fya;= - wúcacd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk"

ixLdr" l¾u wdosh

3' m[ap ialkaOhkaf.a ksreoaO ùu - wúcacd" ;Kayd" WmdÞk"

ixLdr" l¾u wdosfha ksreoaOùuhs'

4' m[apialkaOhkaf.a iuqoh yd ksfrdaOh iy Bg fya;=

ks¾jdKh ,eîug wfmaCId lrk ljfrl= jqjo nqÿka

159 160

jykafiaf.a b.ekaùug wjOdkh fhduq l< hq;=h' iudêh oshqKq

lsrSfï wjYH;dj bka m%o¾Ykh lrk fyhsks' boska fhda.djprfhdaa

iudê jeãulska f;dr jQjdyq kï iudê iy.; fkd ùu ksid Tjqyq (

1' w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; hk ld,;%h" m%;H O¾u fya;=fjka

M, O¾u we;sùfï l%uh fyda m%;H O¾uj, ksfrdaOfhka M,

O¾u ksfrdaOh jk l%uh ksjerosj oelSug wiu;a fj;a'

2' rEm l,dm oelSug wiu;a fj;a¦ ke;fyd;a oelSug iu;a jqjo

tajd úNd. lsrSug fyda >kh ì| ,Sug fyda mru;a: Oïu

iïu¾Ykh lsrSug iu;a fkd fj;a'

3' m[apialkaOh yg .ekSu yd ksreoaO ùu" wNHka;rj yd ndysrj

w;S; j¾;udk wkd.; ld,;%h ;=< h:d N+;j oelSug wiu;a

fj;a'

tfyhska fïjd ;ju;a fkd o;a;jqka nqÿka jykafiaf.a

WmfoaY f.!rjfhka hq;=j ms<smosñka iudêh jeãu m%×f.daprh'

fï wdldrhgh flfkl= ;%súO mrs[aØfjka hq;=j ialkaO

m[aplh iïmQ¾Kfhkau iïu¾Ykh lsrSug;a ksjka wjfndaO

lsrSug;a iu;a jkafka' ÿla fl<jrg <xùug yels jk f,ig fï

ud¾.h nqÿka jykafia W.kajd jÞrd we;'

Ñ;a; úiqoaêfha LKsl iudêh

iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslfhl= iudêh jeäh hq;= ke;ehso"

LKsl laIKsl& iudêfhka muKla úmiaikdj m%.=K lsrSu wdrïN

l< yels hhso úYajdi lrk we;eï f.!rjKSh .=rejre isá;s' fï

fya;=j ksid iqoaOúmiaikdhdkssl mqoa.,fhl= Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ,nk

wjia:dfõ mj;akd LKsl iudêhka ms<sn|j ;rula meyeos,s lruq'

OHdkj,ska tlla jevQ" tfyhskau Ñ;a; úY=oaêh iïmQ¾K

l< iu:hdksl mqoa.,hd" wÜGúiqoaêh iïmQ¾K lsrSug leue;af;a

kï fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;khg yer wka ljr fyda OHdkhlg

we;=¿ úh hq;=h' ta OHdkfhka ke.S isg ú;lal wdosfhka mgka

.kakd OHdkdx.;a" ta OHdk Ñ;a;h yd ne|S ish,q ffp;isl;a

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' ta tl tlla ,laIK" ri" mÉpqmÜGdk"

moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' blaì;sj" ta ish,a, kdu

yeáhg tlg .; hq;=h' ula ksido h;a tajd wruqK foig keó we;s

fyhsks'

blaì;sj Tyq h<s;a ta kdu rEm r|kd yoh j;a:q rEmh" yoh

j;a:q rEmh r|kd Od;= i;r yd tys mj;akd wksl=;a Wmd\k rEm

iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fï ish,a, ,laIK" ri" mÉpqmÜGdk"

moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' úY='u'xvii'3)

boska iu:hdksl mqoa.,hd ;ju;a kdu O¾u iïu¾Ykh

fkd lr" rEm O¾u iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka wdrïN lsrSug leue;af;a

kï" iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd fuka" ta wdldrhgu mgka .;

hq;=h' iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd osÜGs úiqoaêh jvk wdldrh

fufia h(

— ú i k m h jioq Oa ikd d fs ld w u jd iu: hdksfld m a h k f

d j ix rp = j jfkj;q ;dk f f;ix Od; = m .s . yuLq O= ; d x dkx; F ;u i ; j Fjr d; h df=w i ú p O[[; Lq k fL d d d f; d ;fid jf x d j idmfymr.s .K d;s

fuys f;areu kï(

—Y=oaOúmiaikdhdkslhd fyda iu:hdkslhd kdu fjkqjg

rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska úo¾Ykdj wdrïN lsrSug leue;af;a

kï p;=Od;= ms<sn| ks¾jpkhoS we;s XI jeks mrsÑfPaofha oelafjk

fkdfhla wdldr l%uj,ska fláfhka fyda úia;r jYfhka Od;=

i;r iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h˜^úY='u'xvii'3)

úY=oaê ud¾.fha fï Wmfoia wkqj" lsisÿ OHdkhla m%;sIaGdj

lr .ekSfuka f;drj >Dcqju úo¾Ykdj m%.=K lsrSu wdrïN lsrSug

leue;af;a kï fyda OHdk wgu fyda tlla fyda ,nd we;s mqoa.,hd

m<uqj rEmj,ska úmiaikdj weröug leue;af;a kï Od;= i;r

fláfhka fyda iúia;rj fyda flá iúia;r folskau fyda

iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka werôh hq;=h’

161 162

úmiaikdj fldgia follska iukaú;h' rEm ukisldrh

yd kdu ukisldrh hkqfjks' fï fol rEm mrs.a.y ^rEm

iïu¾Ykh& yd wrEm kdu& mrs.a.y fõ'

ucaCêu wÜGl:dj yd wNsOïu wÜGl:dj fufia mjihs(

— F E d f f; : N jd r m uugG l : ;d . l x kkd dx L ukil r k F j k df m d jfi dr ls d i ;O;=i ú u j p = s j fki r:

j dkj F l i wNs'wgG'2" 252 msgqj; u#wgG'1" 280 msgqj&: x : sffuys f;areu kï(

fï foflka rEm lïuÜGdk ^rEm l¾uia:dkh& hkafkka

ixlafIam f,i fyda iúia;r f,i Od;= i;r w¾: ksrEmKh

flfrys wjOdkh fhduq lsrSu woyia flf¾'

úmiaikdfõ rEm iïu¾Yk l%uj,g wÞ< j wÜGl:dj,

oelafjk fuu Wmfoia" rEm iïu¾Ykh lsrSfuka weröug leu;s

iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslhd fyda iu:hdkslhd fláfhka fyda

iúia;rj Od;= i;r iïu¾Ykh lsrSu u.ska werôh hq;= nj nqÿka

jykafia W.kajd jÞrd we;ehs fmkajd fohs' boska fhda.djprhd

nqÿka jÞ< oyu wkqj m%.=K lrkafka kï th b;du ys;lr m%;sM,

f.k tkq we;'

úY=oaê ud¾.h p;a;d<Si Ndjkd l%u w;=rska tlla jQ

p;=Od;= Ndjkdj Wmpdr iudêh ,nd .ekSfï Ndjkd iuQyfhys

we;=<;aj mj;akd neõ meyeos,sj olajhs' fuh Wmpdr wjia:dj

olajd jeäh hq;= Ndjkd l¾uia:dkhla nj ñka fmfka'

p;=Od;= Ndjkd jeãu ms<sn| l%uh iúia;r f,i 2 jeks

fldgfia úia;r lrk ,oS' uyd i;smÜGdk iQ;%fhaoS nqÿka jykafia

fï flá l%uh b.ekajQ fial¡

— L j L mkq p m N f Nls q bufïj ldhx h:d Gs;x h:d lsx arjl ;s¡pK d; f O m wFÒ buiñx ldfh mGú Od;= ysm x f= i p L;s d

= d;= h d s; ^d d d ; f ˜;=w m O f fcd O j d d O; u'1" 73 msgqj&f

fuys f;areu kï(

—uyfKks' h<s;a NslaIqj fjk;a l%uhlg fï YrSrh .eku

m%;HfõlaId lrhs' flf,il ;snqko" flf,il ;enqjo th

Od;=j,skau muKla iukaú; fõ ( fï YrSrfha yqfola mGú Od;=j"

wdfmd Od;=j" f;afcd Od;=j" jdfhd Od;=j mj;S˜

úY=oaê ud¾.h" wia:sj," kyrj," udxYj, yd ifuys Od;=

i;r m%× yia;fhka tl tlla fjka lrñka h<s h<s;a ish jrla"

oyia jrla fyda ,laI jdrhla iïu¾Ykh lsrSug fhda.djprhdg ;j

ÿrg;a Wmfoia fohs'

úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia o mjihs

— ii h ;i f fk ; j k k r j iaf a x d u a Ñjd f \ N m[Øm y ï.sO m= m dik r . fs ; i jO dr uK ; da j d d u ï ;a; N Na

r f d cd ';d m ; mm ;w w f W i Wmma x ; p u ;a d ê ca smak m ua

fuys woyi kï(

—fufia ù¾h lrk l,ays jeä l,a fkd f.dia Tyq ;=<

iudêh we;s fõ' th Od;= m%fNaohka oSma;su;a lrk m%×fjka n,j;a

lrhs' th Wmpdr iudêh muKs' w¾mKdjg fkd hhs' ula ksid o

h;a mrud¾: O¾u fyj;a iNdjOïu tys wdrïuK jQ ;;a;ajh we;s

fyhsks˜^úY=’u'x142)

úY=oaê ud¾.h Od;= i;r ms<sn| Ndjkdj u.ska Wmpdr

iudêh olajd muKla hd yels nj meyeos,sj i|yka lrk nj

wjOdkhg ,la úh hq;=h'

úY=oaê ud¾. àldfõ fufia oelafõ'

— ou: dk m d N x x iiamai h l ia ys W pdr k iudê b s i m f ;r

s ê u ; dud x x k Ñ s úfud L L ; ú k l m ñaL li WNhi l q x \K ha.f u j; d ;'sf,d ;= a dê i N úiq'àld 1'15 msgqj&l r u a

!

163 164

fuys f;areu kï(

—iu:hdkslhdf.a Wmpdr yd wmamKd iudêh fyda

Y=oaOhdkslhdf.a LKsl ^laIKsl& iudêh fkdue;sjo" ^foflys u&

úfudalaIhg oajdr m%fõY ^wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au ØKh&

fkdue;sj f,daflda;a;r wê.uhla lsis osfkl we;s fkd fõ'˜

ta wkqj àldj iqoaOúmiaikdhdkslhd úiska jvk ,o

iudêh úia;r lsrSug LKsl iudêh hk moh fhdok w;r" úY=oaê

ud¾.h Wmpdr iudêh hk jpkh mdúÉú lrhs' jHjydrfha fï

úfYaI;ajh f;areï .; hq;=h'

fï fhÿug wÞ< j àldj fufia meyeos,s lrhs(

úiq'àld 1'436 msgqj&

tys f;areu kï(

—p;=Od;= Ndjkdj u.ska ,nk Wiiau iudêh ú.%y lsrSfïoS

wgqjdj zWmpdr iudêhZhs lshk úg th ixikaokh lsrSu fyda

iudk hk w¾:fhka fhdokq ,nk nj f;areï .; hq;=h' OHdkhg

wdikak iudêh muKla Wmpdr yeáhg ye|skafõ' fï p;=Od;=

Ndjkdfjka ,eìh yels OHdkhla ke;' ulaksido h;a tys wdrïuK

yeáhg ;ks ;ks idr;;ajhla we;s fyhsks' tfy;a p;=Od;= Ndjkdj

u.ska ,nk iudêfha n,h Wmpdr iudêhg iudk jk fyhska

wgqjdpdrSyq Bg Wmpdr iudêh˜ hs mji;s'

fï wkqj àld l;=jrhd i;H jYfhkau Wmpdr iudêh

jYfhka ie,lsh yelafla OHdkhg mQ¾j fyda b;d wdikak iudê

wdrïuK iys; Wiiau ldudjpr iudêh muKla hhs úYajdi l<

neõ fmkS hhs' wgqjdpdrSka jykafia,d úiska p;= Od;= Ndjkdfjka

,eìh yels Wiiau ldudjpr iudêh tys we;s iudk nj fya;=fjka

Wmpdr iudêh hhs i,lk ,o nj àld l;=jrhd úYajdi lr we;s

w;r th LKsl iudêhhs ye|skaúh hq;= nj o úYajdi lr we;'

úo¾Ykd yd LKsl iudêh

fhda.djprhd iïu¾Yk my iïmQ¾K lsrSfuka miqj

muKla iïuik ØKfhka by<g úo¾Ykd ØK jeäh hq;=h hs

úY=oaê ud¾.h mjihs' tajd iïu¾Yk& kï (

1' rEm mrs.a.y - rEm iïu¾Ykh

2' wrEm mrs.a.y - kdu iïu¾Ykh

3' kdu rEm mrs.a.y - kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh

4' mÉph mrs.a.y - j¾;udk kdu rEm yd rEmj,

m%;H fya;=& O¾u yd M, O¾u

iïu¾Ykh

5' woaOdk mrs.a.y - w;S; yd wkd.; m%;H O¾u;a

M, O¾u;a iïu¾Ykh

úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ wruqKq kï m%;H jQ kdu rEm O¾u;a M,

O¾u;a fõ' tajd ixialdr O¾u yeáhgo y÷kajkq ,efí'

fï ixialdr O¾u wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au yeáhg olsk

m%×j úmiaikdj yeáhg y÷kajkq ,efí' u.a.du.a. ØKoiaik

úY=oaêfha isg werfUk úmiaikdj jeãug leue;a; olajk

fhda.djprhd" osÜGs úiqoaêh yd lxLdú;rK úiqoaêh iïmQ¾K lr

;sìh hq;=h' ula ksido h;a fï úY=oaêj, oS iïu¾Ykh l< hq;af;a

wks;H" ÿ#L yd wkd;au hk ;%s,laIKh fhdÞ ne,sh hq;= yd

úmiaikdfjka oelsh hq;= kdu rEm yd tajdfha fya;= m%;H;a M,;a

jk fyhsks'

úmiaikd m%.=K lsrSfï oS fhda.djprhd jrla wNHka;r

ialkaO m[aplhg;a" ;j;a jrl ndysr ialkaO m[aplhg;a" jrla

rEmj,g;a" ;j;a jrl kduj,g;a udrefjka udrejg ;%s,laIKh

fhdod ,sh hq;= h' (Vsm.XXI.86) iïuik [dK yd Wohính

[dK w;r;=r oS máÑp iuqmamdo wx. ms<sn| úo¾Ykd lrk úg

w;S; yd wkd.; O¾uj,g ;%s,laIKh fhosh hq;= hhs o úY=oaê

ud¾.h ;j ÿrg;a Wmfoia fohs' (Vsm.XX.6-9) úo¾Ykd wjia:dj,

165 166

oS we;s jk iudêh LKsl iudêh hs lshkq ,efí' ula ksid o h;a

iujf;a oS fuka tla ;ks wruqKl wLKav j kej;S fkd isák

fyhsks'

by; úia;r l< mrsos úo¾Ykdj l%udkql+, j m%.=K lsrSug

yels ùu msKsi ta m%.=K lsrSu Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêh u;

mokï úh hq;= h' fuys Wmpdr iudêh hkqfjka woyia flfrkqfha

p;= Od;= Ndjkdfjka fyda iu: Ndjkdfjka Wmosk iudêh h' by;

oelajQ wdldrhg úo¾Ykd lrk úg my< jk iudêh muKla

úmiaikd LKsl iudêh yeáhg ye|skaúh yel'

boska fhda.djprhd rEm l,dm fyda ;ks ;ks kdu ne,Sug"

tajd úNd. lsrSug" w;S;" j¾;udk yd wkd.; fya;= M, iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug yd fï ish,q O¾uj,g ;%s,laIKh fhoSug ;ju;a iu;a ù

ke;akï" Tyqf.a iudêh úmiaikd LKsl iudêh hs mejish yels

fkd fõ'

idrdxY lsrSu ( iudêh jvk úg" iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd

p;=Od;= Ndjkdj u.ska ,enQ by< u iudêh" OHdk mQ¾j jQ Wmpdr

iudêhg iudk lsrSfuka Wmpdr iudêh hs lshkq ,efí' fï by< u

iudêh LKsl iudêh hs àldj y÷kajhs' úmiaikdj m%.=K lrk

iqoaOúmiaikdhdksl mqoa.,hd Tyqf.a úmiaikdj Wmpdr iudêh -

fuh Tyqf.a Ñ;a; úY=oaêh hs - mokï lr .kS' blaì;s j fya

úo¾Ykdfjka ixL; O¾u ne,Sug mgka .kS' ish Ñ;a; úY=oaêh

yeáhg m<uqfjka Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd OHdk jvk iu:hdksl

mqoa.,hd ta iudêfhka ke.S isg úmiaikd LKsl iudêh hs

y÷kajkq ,nk iudê wjia:d Tyqg we;s úo¾Ykdfjka ixLHd;

O¾u n,hs'

;%s,laIKh

úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia lshhs(

—mqoa.,fhla wdrïNfha oS ixialdrhka wks;H yeáhg

wjfndaO lr .kS' tfy;a yqÿ wks;H;d wjfndaOfhka muKla

wê.uh my< fkd fõ' ula ksid o h;a ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka o

wjfndaOh ;sìh hq;= fyhsks' ta wkqj Tyq ÿ#L yd wkd;au jYfhka o

wjfndaO fldg .kS˜. úY=¡u

yqfola wks;H f,i muKla fyda ÿ#L jYfhka muKla fyda

wkd;au jYfhka muKla fyda wjf,dalkh ^Ndjkd& lsrSu u.ska

flfkl=g wd¾h ud¾.hg meñKsh fkdyels neõ fuhska fmkajhs'

;%s ,laIKfha tl tlla udrefjka udrejg wjf,dalkh lsrSfuka

muKla fhda.djprhd wd¾h ud¾.hg msúiSug iu;a fõ'

Njx.hg jeàu

fï lD;sfha" wdkdmdki;sh" wegiels,s Ndjkdj yd ´Þ;

lisKh jeks úúO iïm%\hsl Ndjkd úIhhka lsysmhla fhdÞ

.ksñka w¾mKd OHdkh jeäh hq;af;a flfia oehs fláfhka olajd

we;' fï ish,q Ndjkd wruqKq Wmpdr iudêh yd w¾mKd iudêh

hk fofldgi we;s lrhs' OHdkhg we;=¿ ùug mQ¾jdikakfha

mj;akd iudêh Wmpdr iudêh jk w;r" flfkl= iudêhg we;=¿

jQ úg mj;akd iudêh w¾mKd iudêhhs'

Wmpdr wjia:dfõoS fhda.djprhdf.a Ñ;a;h Njx.

;;a;ajhg jeàfï NjH;dj .ek úY=oaê ud¾.h fufia i|yka lrhs'

iudêh foj¾.ls' Wmpdr iudêh yd w¾mKd iudêh

hkqfjks' is; fohdldrhlg iudê.; fjhs' tkï m%fõY ;,h yd

wê.u ;,h hkqfjks' fuys oS m%fõY ;,fha oS uki iudê.;

jkafka kSjrK my lsrSfuks' wê.u ;,fha oS OHdkdx. m%lg

xx1.88)

167 168

ùfuks' fï iudê fofla fjki fuh hs' Wmpdrfha oS ÔHdk& wx.

Yla;su;a ke;' Wmpdrh my< jQ l,ays tys wruqK ^ksñ;a;& ix×

lrhs' h<s;a Njx.hg we;=¿ fjhs' tfyhska tajd Yla;su;a ke;'

<orejl= fomhska isg .;a úg h<s h<s;a ìu weo jefgkq fuks'

tfy;a w¾mKdfõ oS OHdkdx. n,j;ah' ula ksido h;a w¾mKd

iudêh my< jQ úg ukig" Njx. m%jdyh jrla ì÷Kq úg"

ksfrda.Su;a mqoa.,hl=g ;u wiqkska ke.S isg uq¿ oji mqrd isg f.k

isàug yels jd fia" uq¿ /hla mqrd fyda uq¿ oji mqrd fyda w¾:j;a

m%j¾;k m%jdyhla mj;ajd .; yels fyhsks' úY='u.iv.33)

m%fõYï úh hq;= lreKla

úo¾Ykd jeãu msKsi Wmpdr fyda w¾mKd iudêh jvk

fhda.djprfhl= m%udKj;a ;rug OHdkh jvd .;a miq" Od;= i;r

iïu¾Ykh lrk úg rEm l,dm kï jQ rEm wKq fldgia oelSug

mgka .kS' blaì;sj Tyq ta rEm l,dm ;j ÿrg;a úNd. l< hq;=h' tla

tla l,dmhl mj;akd uQ, Od;= yd ksIamkak Od;= tajdfha ,laIK"

ri" mÉpqmÜGdk" moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h' fuh

lsrSug Tyq iu;a jQ miq ta ØKhg rEm mrsÑfPao ØKhhs lshkq

,efí' fï wjia:dfõoS Tyq ;ukau iuHla oDIaáfhka rEmhkaf.a

mrud¾: i;Hh wjfndaO l<d úksúo ÿgqjd jkafkah'

Bg wu;rj" my< jk ú[aØKfha iEu fudfyd;lu we;s

jk iEu ffj;islhlau fjka fjkaj iïu¾Ykh l< hq;=h'

ú[aØKh iy tlg my< jk fï ffp;isl iuQy kdu l,dmhhs

wms y÷kajuq' tla tla kdu l,dmhl we;s tla tla ffp;islhla

,laIK" ri" mÑpqmÜGdk" moÜGdk jYfhka iïu¾Ykh lsrSug

Tyqg yels jQ úg th kdu mrsÑfPao ØKhhs' tu wjia:dfõoS Tyq

;ukau iuHla oDIaáfhka kduj, mrud¾: i;Hh wjfndaO l<d yd

úksúo ÿgqjd kï jkafkah'

boska fhda.djprhd fï wdldrhg rEm yd kdu iïu¾Ykh

lsrSug wiu;a jkafka kï Tyq kdu rEm mrsÑfPaoØKh ;ju;a

,nd ke;'

;j o fhda.djprfhl= >Dcq ØKfhka w;S; yd wkd.;

kdu rEm iïu¾Ykh fkd lf<a kï" >Dcq ØKfhka w;S;fha ljr

fya;= j¾;udk kdu rEm my< lrù o lshd fyda j¾;udkfha ljr

fya;= wkd.;fha ljr kdu rEm my< lrjhso lshd fyda ljr

f,ilska j;a oek .ekSug fyda oelSug Tyqg fkd mq¿jk' ta wkqj

w;S;fha yd wkd.;fha kdu rEm yd tajdfha fya;= fkd okakd neúka

fhda.djprfhl= kdu rEmhkaf.a fya;= iïu¾Ykh lrk ØKh

^mÉphmrs.a.y[dK& ,nd we;ehs lsj fkd yel'

;jo fhda.djprfhl= fï ØK ;=k i;H jYfhka ,nd

ke;akï Tyq úmiaikd ØKh ,eîfuka yd wd¾h ud¾." wd¾h M,

yd ks¾jdK wê.ufhka wyig fmd<j fuka ÿria: fjhs'

ta wkqj fhda.djprfhl= i;H jYfhka úo¾Ykdj jvd

fkdue;sùfï fya;=fjka ks¾jdKhg fndfyda wE; kï" mqoa.,fhl=

úfYaI Ndjkd wruqKla jvkafka kï yd Wmpdr iudêh fyda ta

Wmpdr iudêhg iu jQjla ,nkafka kï Njx.hg jeáh yelsh hk

úY=oaê ud¾. m%ldYh flfrys oeä wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;=h'

fufia jkafka Njx.hg keuqKq we;eï fhda.djprhka —uu

lsisjla fkd ÿáñ˜ fyda —ksñ;a; yd tajd olakd uki kej;sKs˜ hs

lshk ksid h' ;uka ks¾jdKh wjfndaO l<yhs Tjqyq idjoH f,i

úYajdi lr;ss' tfy;a we;a; jYfhkau Tjqka l< tl u foa Njx.hg

jeàuhs'

Njx. Ñ;a;h yd tys wruqK iïu¾Ykh lsrSug yelshdj Tjqkg fkdue;s neúka" Tjqyq —uu lsisjla fkd ÿáñ˜" —ksñ;a;;a tajd olakd uki;a k;r úKs˜ hs Tjqyq mji;s'

boska Tjqyq i;H jYfhka mÑphmrs.a.yØKh jv;a kï tu wjia:dfõ mQ¾j Njfha urKdikak Ñ;a;fha wruqK ish wruqK yeáhg .;a Njx. Ñ;a;h ;ju;a mj;sk neõ oks;s' th yqfolau ta ú[aØKfhA iQlaIau;dj ksid;a kdu rEm

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yd m%;H ms<sn| i;H wjfndaOhla fkdue;slu ksid;a fhda.djprhd th wjfndaO lr .ekSug wiu;a fjhs'

ks¾jdKfha wl; Ndjh flfkl= wjfndaO lr;au ú[aØKfha ksfrdaOhla isÿ fkd jk njo fmkajd osh hq;=j ;sfí' ud¾. ØKh;aa M, ØKh;a hk folu wl; ;;a;ajh - tkï ks¾jdKh - ish wruqK yeáhg .kS'

ú[aØK ksjD;a;sh we;s úh yels tlu wjia:dj" rEm OHdk i;r yd wrEm OHdk i;r hk wIaG iudm;a;s ,enQ ry;=ka jykafia,d yd wkd.dó jQjka úiska muKla iu josk ksfrdaO iudm;a;shg iu josk wjia:dj muKs' fï wkqj —ú[aØKh k;r úKs˜ fyda —is; ksreoaO úh˜ hkqfjka we;eï fhda.jprhd lrk m%ldY isÿ fkd úh yels jQjls' i;H jYfhka ksjka ,eîu yd tlÕ fkd fõ'

170

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