Semiolgía Psiquiátrica

7/21/2019 Semiolgía Psiquiátrica

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[MADFBFHDL

Y[\]DLS_DKL

M{sm bdorf" m{ }g lyfrsm lb m{s}cdf cm bl {lb}c amgslb |}m bfhrl rm}gdr

bf{ cd`mrmgsm{ l{ymksf{ cmb |}melkmr kdmgsá`dkf lofrclgcf bf{ smal{ cm

}gl `fral dgsmhrlb" kfg }gl muyf{dkdûg kblrl cm bf{ l{ymksf{ {madfbûhd!

kf{ aì{ dayfrslgsm{' M{ }gl rmkfydblkdûg cm bf{ smusf{ oì{dkf{ ‛h}ál{ cm

{madfbfhál y{d|}dìsrdkl t |}m sfcf rm{dcmgsm cmom kfgfkmr'



[madfbfhál Y{d|}dìsrdkl

Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <

[MADFBFHDL Y[D\]DLS_DKL'

KFGC]KSL

Bl kfgc}ksl e}algl m{ }gl lksdpdclc frdmgslcl l }g `dg" yfr bl |}m mbdgcdpdc}f lbklg~l {}{ fonmsdpf{ t fonmsdpd~l {}{ dcml{ mg bl rmlbdclcafcd`dklcl yfr mb' Bl kfgc}ksl y}mcm cdpdcdr{m m eìodsf{ t lksdpdclcpfb}gslrdl'

Eìodsf{> Lb rmymsdr{m }gl lksdpdclc kfg{kdmgsm frdmgslcl l }g `dg" {myrfc}km }gl l}sfalsd~lkdûg cm bf{ kfayfgmgsm{ ld{blcf{ cm cdkel lksd!pdclc" bf |}m bl bdorl cm kfgsrfb kfg{kdmgsm cm bl{ fymrlkdfgm{ ylrkdlbm{"kfg{sds}tägcf{m bf{ eìodsf{'

Lksdpdclc pfb}gslrdl> M{ bl lksdpdclc mgkladglcl l }g `dg |}m {m mg!k}mgsrl olnf mb kfgsrfb kfg{kdmgsm cmb dgcdpdc}f t sdmgm cf{ mslyl{:kfglkdûg t lkkdûg pfb}gslrdl'

Kfglkdûg> Mslyl yrmylrlsfrdl t kfg{sl cm bl{ {dh}dmgsm{ `l{m{><' Smgcmgkdl?' Dgsmrä{;' Cm{mf3' Yrfyû{dsf

Lkkdûg muybákdsl> Mslyl cmb lksf kfg sfcf{ {}{ kfayfgmgsm{ gm}rfa}{!k}blrm{

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cm bl kfgc}ksl

S_L[SF_GF CM BL LKKDÛG PFB]GSL_DL

Srl{sfrgf{ mg bl mslyl cm bl lkkdûg daybákdsl %KFGLKDÛG$Srl{sfrgf{ k}lgsdslsdpf{ cm bl{ gmkm{dclcm{ t cm{mf{'

<' Lgfrmudl

?' Hbfsfgmrdl

;' Yfsfalgdl

3' Y}{dblgdadclc

=' Lbhf`dbdl" l}sfafsdblkdûg

0' Hlsd{af

8' Lgl`rfcd{dl

5' Edymrmrfsd{af




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ?

Srl{sfrgf k}lbdslsdpf{ cm bl{ gmkm{dclcm{ t cm{mf{

<' Ydkl

?' Alblkdl;' Kfyrf`lhdl3' Muedodkdfgd{af=' Pftmrd{af0' @msdked{af8' ^ff`dbdl5' Gmkrf`dbdl4' Ymcf`dbdl<9' Efaf{mu}lbd{af<<' [lcd{af

<?' Al{f|}d{afSrl{sfrgf{ k}lgsdslsdpf{ mg bl sfal cm cmkd{dfgm{ t yrfyû{dsf{

<' Lo}bdl?' Edyfo}bdl;' Edymro}bdl

Srl{sfrgf{ k}lgsdslsdpf{ mg bl sfal cm cmkd{dfgm{ t yrfyû{dsf{

<' Kfay}b{dfgm{?' Laodplbmgkdl afsfrl;' Day}b{dgm{

Srl{sfrgf{ mg bl mslyl cm bl Mnmk}kdûg %lkkdûg muybákdsl$Srl{sfrgf{ k}lgsdslsdpf{

<' Lklsd{dl?' Dgedodkdûg;' M{s}yfr3' M{s}yfr klslsûgdkf=' M{s}yfr cmyrm{dpf0' M{s}yfr frhìgdkf8' Edyfkdgm{dl5' Edymrkdgm{dl4' Dg|}dms}c Y{dkfafsrd~<9' Lhdslkdûg Y{dkfafsrd~

Srl{sfrgf{ k}lbdslsdpf{'

<' Lyrludl?' Klslbmy{dl;' @bmudodbdclc kärml3' Algdmrd{af=' Musrlplhlgkdl

0' M{smrmfsdydl afsfrl8' _ds}lb aìhdkf5' Sdk4' Mkfyrludl<9' Gmhlsdpd{af




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ;

<<' Fomcdmgkdl l}sfaìsdkl<?' Dgsmrkmyslkdûg kdgäsdkl

Lgfrmudl> Cd{adg}kdûg cm bl gmkm{dclc f cm{mf cm lbdamgslr{m' [myrm{mgsl mg rmslrcf amgslb" cmamgkdl{" ed{smrdl" {ágcrfam cmyrm{dpf tlgfrmudl gmrpdf{l

Hbfsfgmrdl> Gmkm{dclc f cm{mf cm dghmrdr hrlgcm{ klgsdclcm{ cm lbdamg!sf{' [m yrm{mgsl mg rmsrl{f amgslb" cmamgkdl{ {ágcrfam{ algálkf{

Yfsfalgál> Gmkm{dclc cm omomr' [m yrm{mgsl mg bl{ y{dkfylsál{" mydbmy!{dl{ t {ágcrfam{ algálkf{'

Y}{dblgdadclc> Smafr mulhmrlcf lgsm bl{ bm{dfgm{ t mb cfbfr' [m yrm!{mgsl mg rmsrl{f amgslb cmamgkdl{ t ymr{fglbdclcm{ dgalc}rl{'

Lbhf`dbdl> Cm{mf cm yrfc}kdr{m cfbfr' [m yrm{mgsl mg bl m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

Hlsd{af> Cd{adg}kdûg cm bl{ gmkm{dclcm{ t cm{mf{ cm algsmgmr blbdaydm~l' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl" cmamgkdl{ t srl{sfrgf{ amgslbm{{mpmrf{'

Lgl`rfcd{dl> Cd{adg}kdûg f ymrcdcl cmb cm{mf {mu}lb' [m yrm{mgsl mgk}lcrf{ cmyrm{dpf{" gm}rfl{smgdl{ t gm}rf{d{'

Edymrmrfsd{af> L}amgsf cm bf{ cm{mf{ {mu}lbm{' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ág!crfam{ algálkf{" cmamgkdl{" rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{ t lbh}gf{ srl{sfrgf{ cmbl ymr{fglbdclc'

Ydkl> Smgcmgkdl f cm{mf{ cm dghmrdr {}{slgkdl{ gf kfam{sdobm{' [m yrm!{mgsl mg cmamgkdl{" rmsrl{f amgslb" mg gdüf{ t maolrl~lcl{ kfg klrmg!

kdl cm adgmrlbm{'

Alblkdl> M{ bl smgcmgkdl f cm{mf cm dghmrdr kfadcl{ cm {lofr mulhmrl!cf' [m yrm{mgsl mg srl{sfrgf{ cm bl ymr{fglbdclc" ed{smrdl t lbh}gf{rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{'

Kfyrf`lhdl> Smgcmgkdl l dghmrdr alsmrdl{ `mklbm{' [m yrm{mgsl mg M{|}d!~f`rmgdl" cmamgkdl{ t rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{ yrf`}gcf{'

Muedodkdfgd{af> Cm{mf drrm{d{sdobm cm af{srlr mg yþobdkf bf{ hmgdslbm{'Pftmrd{af> Gmkm{dclc f cm{mf cm fo{mrplr l bl{ ymr{fgl{ cmb {muffy}m{sf cm{pm{sdcl{




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál 3

@msdked{af: [m sfalg cdpmr{f{ fonmsf{ kfaf fonmsdpf cm mukdslkdûg{mu}lb'

^ff`dbdl" gmkrf`dbdl t ymcf`dbdl> Cm{pdlkdfgm{ {mu}lbm{ mg bl{ |}m mbdgsmrä{ {mu}lb {m cdrdhm elkdl bf{ lgdalbm{" bf{ a}mrsf{ t bf{ gdüf{ rm{!ymksdplamgsm'

Efaf{mu}lbd{af> Mb cm{mf {mu}lb {m cdrdhm elkdl ymr{fgl{ cmb ad{af{muf'

[lcd{af> Gmkm{dclc cm yrfc}kdr {}`rdadmgsf l bl ylrmnl kfg mb yfcmr cmmuymrdamgslr mb yblkmr {mu}lb'

Al{f|}d{af> M{ bf dgpmr{f cm srl{sfrgf lgsmrdfr'

Lo}bdl> Hrlcf musrmaf cm edyfo}bdl' Msdafbûhdklamgsm {dhgd`dkl ‒{dg

pfb}gslc‑' M{ bl dgklylkdclc cm muymrdamgslr cm{mf{ t cm sfalr cmk d!{dfgm{' [m yrm{mgsl mg bf{ m{slcf{ klslsûgdkf{" cmyrdadcf{ t m{slcf{cmamgkdlbm{ {mpmrf{'

Edyfo}bdl> Mb mg`mraf muymrdamgsl yfkf{ cm{mf{ cm lks}lr' [m yrm{mgsl

mg bf{ {ágcrfam{ cmyrm{dpf{ t l{sägdkf{'Edymro}bdl> Dgkrmamgsf cm bf{ cm{mf{ cm lks}lr' [m yrm{mgsl mg bl algált {ágcrfam{ cm mukdslkdûg y{dkfafsrd~'

Kfay}b{dfgm{> M{ bl b}kel mgsrm }g day}b{f afrof{f |}m y}hgl yfrcm{mgklcmglr{m t bl fyf{dkdûg kfg{kdmgsm cmb dgcdpdc}f' M{sl b}kelhmgmrl dgsmg{l lgh}{sdl t elods}lbamgsm gf bbmhl l kfg{}alr{m' [myrm{mgsl mg bl gm}rf{d{ fo{m{dpf!kfay}b{dpl" {ágcrfam{ frhìgdkf{ krû!gdkf{ t {ágcrfam{ cmyrm{dpf{'

Laodplbmgkdl afsfrl> M{ bl dgcmkd{dûg lgsm bl rmlbd~lkdûg cm }g lksfpfb}gslrdf' [m yrm{mgsl mg gm}rf{d{ fo{m{dpf!kfay}b{dpl" m{|}d~f`rmgdl{t fsrf{ k}lcrf{ klslsûgdkf{'

Day}b{dfgm{> Day}b{f{ slg dgsmg{f{ |}m {lbslg bl mslyl cm bl kfglkdûg'[m yrm{mgsl mg bl mydbmy{dl" srl{sfrgf{ cm bl ymr{fglbdclc t lbh}gf{rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{'

Lklsd{dl> [ds}lkdûg mg bl |}m mb ylkdmgsm yrm{mgsl }gl dgklylkdclc ylrlymralgmkmr |}dsf" lkfaylülcl cm }gl {mg{lkdûg {}onmsdpl cm dgsrlg|}d!bdclc l gdpmb kfryfrlb {dg {mg{lkdûg cm lgh}{sdl




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál =

Dgedodkdûg> Cm`mksf cm mgmrhál gmkm{lrdl ylrl yfgmr mg alrkel bf{afpdadmgsf{' LB ylkdmgsm bm k}m{sl srlolnf afpmr{m" lgclr" eloblr'

[}mbm dr lkfaylülcl cm }gl cd`dk}bslc mg bl muyrm{dpdclc cmb bmgh}lnm thm{sf{" elobìgcf{m mgsfgkm{ cm edyfadadl' M{sm m{slcf m{ klrlksmrá{sdkfcm bf{ k}lcrf{ cmyrm{dpf{'

M{s}yfr> Altfr hrlcf cm edyfkdgm{dl" klrlksmrd~lcf yfr bl l}{mgkdllo{fb}sl cm afpdadmgsf l{fkdlcf l bl `lbsl cm bmgh}lnm %a}sd{af$" {dg|}m mud{sl lbsmrlkdfgm{ cm bl kfgkdmgkdl' L pmkm{ {m cmsmksl cd{adg}kdûgcmb gdpmb cm kfgkdmgkdl'

M{s}yfr klslsûgdkf> Mb ylkdmgsm lylrmkm a}sd{sl" edyfkdgäsdkf" kfg

`lkdm dgmuyrm{dpl t kfg a}{k}bls}rl smg{l f rmnlblcl' Cm `fral ylrlcûnd!kl mg bf{ k}lcrf{ klslsûgdkf{ kfmud{sm mb `mgûamgf cm fomcdmgkdl l}sf!aìsdkl t bl klslbmy{dl" n}gsf kfg bl lksds}c gmhlsdpd{sl kfaf muyrm{dûgcm bl laodplbmgkdl klrlksmrá{sdkl{ cm bf{ k}lcrf{ m{|}d~f`rägdkf{'

M{s}yfr cmyrm{dpf> Mg mb |}m hmgmrlbamgsm mud{sm }gl {ds}lkdûg cm{mg!klcmglgsm a}t kblrl t mb ylkdmgsm {}mbm dgsmrr}aydr mb m{slcf kfg cm{!klrhl{ cm lhdslkdûg" bblgsf†

M{s}yfr frhìgdkf> Kfaf algd`m{slkdûg cm k}lcrf{ frhìgdkf{' L cd`m!rmgkdl cm bf{ lgsmrdfrm{ mud{sm }gl lbsmrlkdûg cm bl kfgkdmgkdl |}m n}{sd`d!kl mb m{s}yfr' Y}mcm fo{mrplr{m mg y{dkf{d{ yfr crfhl{" cmamgkdl{"m{slcf yf{sdkslb mydbäysdkf t fsrf{ yrfkm{f{ frhìgdkf!kmrmorlbm{'

Edyfkdgm{dl> Cd{adg}kdûg cm bl lksdpdclc afsfrl' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ág!crfam{ cmyrm{dpf{ t m{s}yfr'

Edymrkdgm{dl> L}amgsf cm bl lksdpdclc pfb}gslrdl' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ág!crfam{ algálkf{ t cm mukdslkdûg y{dkfafsrd~'

Dg|}dms}c Y{dkfafsrd~> M{slcf cm edymrlksdpdclc y{á|}dkl t afsfrlcfgcm bl{ lkkdfgm{" gf m{sìg frcmglcl{ gd cdrdhdcl{ elkdl bl kfg{mk}kdûgcm }g `dg cmsmradglcf' M{ bl muyrm{dûg cmb cm{l{f{dmhf dgsmrgf %lg{dm!clc$" gf elt `fral cm }gl muyrm{dûg kfg{kdmgsm' [}mbm lylrmkmr mg bf{srl{sfrgf{ cm lg{dmclc" {dmgcf a}t dayfrslgsm elkmr mb cdlhgû{sdkfcd`mrmgkdlb kfg bl lklsd{dl'

Lhdslkdûg Y{dkfafsrd~> M{ }gl `fral altfr cm dg|}dms}c y{dkfafsrd~

mg bl |}m bf{ ylkdmgsm{ rmlbd~lg bf{ afpdadmgsf{ cm }gl algmrl cm{fr!hlgd~lcl" ylrmkdmgcf klrmkmr cm fonmsdpf{> smaym{slc cm afpdadmgsf{%rìydcl {}km{dûg cm afpdadmgsf{" hm{sf{ m day}b{f{$' Mud{sm }g yfsmg!kdlb lhrm{dpf elkdl {d ad{af tf elkdl bf{ cmaì{" yfr bf |}m bl lhdslkdûgy{dkfafsrd~ m{ }gl cm bl{ }rhmgkdl{ y{d|}dìsrdkl{ aì{ kbì{dkl{'





Lyrludl> Dgklylkdclc ylrl rmlbd~lr }g lksf lcmk}lcf l {} fonmsdpf" {dg

{mr }gl ylrìbd{d{" lhgf{dl" gd }gl lsludl' Y}mcm {mr dcmlsfrdl f afsrd~' [myrm{mgsl mg k}lcrf{ gm}rfbûhdkf{ t cmamgkdl{'

Klslbmy{dl> Mb `mgûamgf{ cm klslbmy{dl {m klrlksmrd~l yfr mb algsmgd!admgsf cm }gl yf{s}rl day}m{sl c}rlgsm blrhf sdmayf" l pmkm{ el{sl |}mgf {m dgcd|}m |}m km{m' M{ }gl m{smrmfsdydl cm lksds}c" mg bl k}lb sfcf mbk}mryf" f ylrsm cm ä{sm {m algsdmgm ráhdcf yfr }g sdmayf a}t yrfbfghl!cf> m{sm sdmayf t m{sl rdhdcm~" {fg a}kef altfrm{ |}m mg mb kl{f cm |}mbl rdhdcm~ `}mrl }g lksf pfb}gslrdf' [mhþg Jfbo t Orfcdm" bl klslbmy{dlkfg{d{sm mg ‒bl dgafpdbdclc kfg{slgsm t yrfbfghlcl" mg }gl ad{al y f{d!

kdûg'

@bmudodbdclc kärml> Kfg{d{sm mg |}m bm ylkdmgsm" |}m yrm{mgsl klslbmy{dl"ymradsm |}m mb muladglcfr bm kfbf|}m {}{ musrmadclcm{ mg yf{dkdfgm{rlrl{" `fr~lcl{ t ymralgmkm l{á hrlgcm{ rlsf{" hl{sl lhfslr{m

Algmrd{af> Hm{sdk}blkdûg mulhmrlcl'" hrfsm{kl t musrlplhlgsm kfaf`fral cm muyrm{dûg pfb}gslrdl' Sáydkl cm k}lcrf{ m{|}d~f`rägdkf{ rm{d!c}lbm{ mg bf{ |}m elt }gl yärcdcl cmb kfgsmgdcf l`mksdpf cm bf{ afpd!

admgsf{ t hm{sf{ pfbpdägcf{m plkáf{ cmb kfgsmgdcf m dg{}b{f{' M{ gmkm{l!rdf rmlbd~lr cdlhgû{sdkf cd`mrmgkdlb kfg bf{ afpdadmgsf{ kfrmdkf{ cm ol{mgm}rfbûhdkl" klrlksmrd~lcf{ yfr {mr cm klrìksmr dgpfb}gslrdf" drrmh}blrm{"lrrásadkf{" or}{kf{ rìydcf{" gf {f{smgdcf{" |}m `b}tmg cm }gl ylrsm cmbk}mryf l fsrl t hmgmrlbamgsm l{fkdlcf{ l }gl dgklylkdclc ylrl algsmgmr}gl kfgsrlkkdûg a}{k}blr {f{smgdcl'

Musrlplhlgkdl> Mulhmrlkdûg cm }g algmrd{af' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f!`rmgdl } fsrf{ k}lcrf{ klslsûgdkf{

M{smrmfsdydl afsfrl> _mymsdkdûg l}sfaìsdkl cm afpdadmgsf{ {dg gdgh}!gl `dglbdclc |}m {m rmlbd~l ylrl cd{adg}dr bl lg{dmclc' Afpdadmgsf{ cmlbh}gl ylrsm cmb k}mryf" rmymsdsdpl" cm{kfgsmus}lbd~lcl cm bl {ds}lkdûg mgbl |}m {m mgk}mgsrl mb {}nmsf'

_ds}lb aìhdkf %rds}lbm{$> [fg afpdadmgsf{ |}m {m rmlbd~lg kfg mb `dg cmkfgsrfblr bl dgsmg{l lgh}{sdl |}m yrfc}kmg bl{ dcml{ fo{m{dpl{ t kfay}b!{dfgm{: {fg yrfydf{ cmb ymg{ladmgsf' [fg lksf{ aì{ f amgf{ kfaybdkl!cf{ |}m m`mksþl mb ylkdmgsm mg `fral rmymsdsdpl t kfg `dglbdclc {ûbfkfgfkdcl yfr äb" t |}m m{sìg cdrmkslamgsm rmblkdfglcf{ kfg {}{ dcml{' [myrm{mgsl mg {ágcrfam{ fo{m{dpf{'

Sdk> Afpdadmgsf{ or}{kf" rmymsdsdpf" cm }g ad{af hr}yf a}{k}blr: {mlkmgsþlg k}lgcf bl ymr{fgl {lom |}m {m m{sì {dmgcf fo{mrplcl: t cm{lyl!





rmkm kfg mb {}müf> Bl ymr{fgl y}mcm dgedodrbf pfb}gslrdlamgsm" ymrf m{sfbm krml aì{ lg{dmclc' [m yrm{mgsl mg bf{ gm}rûsdkf{ t mg bl ‒mg`mramcl!

cm{ cm bf{ Sdk{‑

Mkfyrludl> Dadslkdûg l}sfaìsdkl cm bf{ afpdadmgsf{ |}m {m rmlbd~lglgsm mb {}nmsf' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl t cmamgkdl{'

Gmhlsdpd{af> Fyf{dkdûg l}sfaìsdkl l sfcl{ bl{ ûrcmgm{ |}m {m daylrsmglb mg`mraf' Y}mcm {mr yl{dpl f lksdpl' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ágcrfam{ klslsû!gdkf{" m{|}d~f`rmgdl" ed{smrdl" cmamgkdl{ t rmsrl{f amgslb'

Fomcdmgkdl l}sfaìsdkl> Mb ylkdmgsm rmlbd~l cm afcf {d{smaìsdkf sfcf

bf |}m {m bm frcmgm' [m yrm{mgsl mg srl{sfrgf{ lb dh}lb |}m mb gmhlsdpd{!af'

Dgsmrkmyslkdûg kdgäsdkl> Dgsmrr}ykdûg or}{kl cm }g afpdadmgsf mgybmgl mnmk}kdûg' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl t k}lcrf{ klslsûgdkf{'

BMGH]LNM

M{ bl klylkdclc mukb}{dpl cmb efaorm cm rm`bmnlr yfr amcdf cm {dhgf{kfgpmgkdfglbm{ bf{ emkef{ t `mgûamgf{ cm bl rmlbdclc fonmsdpl" lo{srlá!cf{ t hmgmrlbd~lcf{ yfr mb ymg{ladmgsf'Bl{ yrdgkdylbm{ `}gkdfgm{ cmb bmgh}lnm {fg>

<' Kfa}gdklsdpl?' Gfadglsdpl;' _mh}blcfrl3' Kfhgf{kdsdpl

Srl{sfrgf{ cmb Bmgh}lnm

L' Srl{sfrgf{ cm bl lrsdk}blkdûg

<' Cd{blbdl{Kbl{d`dklkdûg>

Cd{blbdl mpfb}sdpl Cd{blbdl @}gkdfglb Cd{blbdl l}cdûhmgl Cd{blbdl Frhìgdkl{

f

Cd{hbf{dl{> Lgfalbál{ f alb`fral!kdfgm{ cm bf{ ûrhlgf{ cmb elobl'f Cd{lrsrdl{>

O' Srl{sfrgf{ cmb rdsaf t bl l`b}mgkdl pmrolb





Slrsla}cm~ Slrslbmf

Sl|}dblbdl Orlcdblbdl Sl|}d`l{dl Bfhfrrml %Pmrofrrml$

K' Srl{sfrgf{ cm bl lylrdkdûg cmb cm{lrrfbbf cmb bmgh}lnm

l$ Dg{}`dkdmgkdl hmgmrlb mg mb cm{lrrfbbf cmb bmgh}lnm yrm{mg!sl srm{ gdpmbm{ cm yrf`}gcdclc'

Yrdamr gdpmb> L}{mgkdl sfslb f kl{d sfslb cmb bmgh}l! nm[mh}gcf Gdpmb> Mud{sm kdmrsf pfklo}blrdf t mb gdüflbklg~l l m{sr}ks}rlr lbh}gl{ frlkdfgm{ dgkfaybmsl{kfg a}kef{ mrrfrm{ cm yrfg}gkdlkdûg t hrlalsd{af'[}mbm lt}clr{m kfg bl aáadkl ylrl kfaymg{lr {}{cd`dk}bslcm{'Smrkmr gdpmb> Sdmgmg altfr cm{lrrfbbf" ymrf mudsmgsfclpál cm`dkdmgkdl{ mg bf{ srm{ kfayfgmgsm{ cmb bmg!h}lnm" bl{ k}lbm{ algd`dm{slg slaodäg mg bl bmks}rl t

m{krds}rl'o$ _mslrcf frlb'

C' Srl{sfrgf{ cm {daofbd~lkdûg

<' L`l{dll' L`l{dl Afsfrl %Orfkl$o' L`l{dl [mg{dsdpl %Xmrgdkjm$k' L`l{dl Adusl

?' Cd{bmudl

;' Cd{hrl`ál M' Srl{sfrgf{ cm bl `fglkdûg

<' _dgfblbdl?' Cd{`fgál{

d' Cd{`fgál{ m{yì{sdkl{dd' Cd{`fgál `}gkdfglb'

ddd' Cd{`fgál y{dkf{faìsdkl %ed{särdkl$dp' Cd{`fgál{ frhìgdkl{

;' Srl{sfrgf{ a}slkdfglbm{

d'

Pf~ rlnlcl %lbsmrglgsm$dd' Pf~ {formlh}clddd' Pf~ }bsrlhrlpm

3' @fgl{smgdl=' L`fgál{





@' Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb bmgh}lnm {mk}gclrdl{ l srl{sfrgf{ y{d|}dìsrd!

kf{'

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Blaoclkd{af %blblkdûg$ bl ‒r‑ {m yrfg}gkdl kfaf ‒b‑ Kmkmf %dgklylkdclc cm yrfg}gkdlr kfrrmkslamgsm ‒{‑" ‒~‑"

‒ke‑ t bf{ {fgdcf{ ‒{e‑ t ‒ n‑ mg dghbä{$

_fslkd{af %yrfobmal cm yrfg}gkdlkdûg cm ‒r‑ f ‒rr‑$ Hlalkd{af %‒h‑ {m yrfg}gkdl kfaf ‒c‑$

Cd{blbdl Mpfb}sdpl> M{sl lbsmrlkdûg mg bl lrsdk}blkdûg m{ yrfc}kdcl yfr}gl l}cdkdûg cm`mks}f{l yrfpfklgcf bl cd`dk}bslc ylrl rmkfgfkmr trmyrfc}kdr {fgdcf{ |}m f`rm~klg mgsrm {á }gl {mamnlg~l" lb `lbslrbm blklylkdclc cm cd`mrmgkdlkdûg l}cdsdpl" cd`dk}bslgcf bl yärcdcl l}cdsdpl mgamgfr f altfr hrlcf bl lc|}d{dkdûg t mb cm{lrrfbbf cmb bmgh}lnm" mblyrmgcd~lnm cm kfgfkdadmgsf{ m{kfblrm{" srl{sfrgl bl l`mksdpdclc t lbsmrlmb kfayfrsladmgsf'

Cd{blbdl @}gkdfglb> M{ }g cm`mksf mg mb cm{lrrfbbf cm bl lrsdk}blkdûg cmbbmgh}lnm" y}mcm clr{m mg k}lb|}dmr `fgmal" ymrf bf aì{ `rmk}mgsm m{ bl{}{sds}kdûg" fad{dûg f cm`fralkdûg cm bl r" j" b" {" ~ t ke' Bl{kl}{l{ y}mcmg {mr bl{ {dh}dmgsm{>

<' M{kl{l elodbdclc afsfrl cm bf{ ûrhlgf{ lrsdk}blsfrdf{?' Cd`dk}bslcm{ mg bl ymrkmykdûg cmb m{ylkdf t mb sdmayf';' @lbsl cm kfayrmg{dûg f cd{krdadglkdûg l}cdsdpl'3' @lksfrm{ y{dkfbûhdkf{ % y}mcmg {mr kl}{lcf{ yfr kmbf{ srl{ mb

glkdadmgsf cm lbhþg emralgf" bl {formyrfsmkkdûg"$=' @lksfrm{ laodmgslbm{'0' @lksfrm{ emrmcdslrdf{'8' Cm`dkdmgkdl dgsmbmks}lb




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <9

Cd{blbdl l}cdûhmgl> m{sl lbsmrlkdûg mg bl lrsdk}blkdûg m{ yrfc}kdcl yfr}gl l}cdkdûg cm`mks}f{l yrfpfklgcf bl cd`dk}bslc ylrl rmkfgfkmr t

rmyrfc}kdr {fgdcf{ |}m f`rm~klg mgsrm {á }gl {mamnlg~l" lb `lbslrbm blklylkdclc cm cd`mrmgkdlkdûg l}cdsdpl" cd`dk}bslgcf bl yärcdcl l}cdsdpl mgamgfr f altfr hrlcf bl lc|}d{dkdûg t mb cm{lrrfbbf cmb bmgh}lnm" mblyrmgcd~lnm cm kfgfkdadmgsf{ m{kfblrm{" srl{sfrgl bl l`mksdpdclc t lbsmrlmb kfayfrsladmgsf'

Cd{blbdl Frhìgdkl> [fg l|}mbbf{ srl{sfrgf{ cm bl lrsdk}blkdûg |}m m{sìgafsdplcf{ yfr lbsmrlkdfgm{ frhìgdkl{' Bl cd{blbdl frhìgdkl y}mcm {mr cmcf{ sdyf{>

Cd{lrsrdl> rmkdom m{sm gfaorm k}lgcf mb gdüf m{ dgklyl~ cm lr!sdk}blr }g `fgmal f hr}yf cm `fgmal{ cmodcf l }gl bm{dûg mgbl{ ìrml{ mgklrhlcl{ mg mb bmgh}lnm' Srl{sfrgf{ cm bl lrsdk}bl!kdûg mg bf{ |}m {m mgk}mgsrl l`mkslcf{ mb rdsaf" bl yrfg}gkdl!kdûg" t bl `b}dcm~' M{sl lbsmrlkdûg m{sl kl}{lcl yfr bm{dfgm{ cmb[GK %amgdghfmgkm`lbdsd{" srl}al krlgmfmgkm`ìbdkf" srl{sfrgf{pl{k}blrm{$

Kbl{d`dklkdûg {mhþg mb b}hlr cm bm{dûg>

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<' M{yì{sdkl?' @bìkdcl;' Lsìudkl

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Cd{hbf{dl> bl lbsmrlkdûg l`mksl l bf{ ûrhlgf{ cmb elobl yfrlgfalbál{ lglsûadkl{ f alb`fralkdfgm{ mg bf{ ûrhlgf{ cmbbmgh}lnm {fg {dmayrm kl}{l cm cm`mksf{ cm yrfg}gkdlkdûg' [}{kl}{l{ m{sìg mg alb`fralkdfgm{ kfghägdsl{ mg {} altfr ylrsm"ymrf slaodäg y}mcmg {mr fkl{dfglcl{ yfr ylrìbd{d{ ymrd`ärdkl{"srl}alsd{af{" srl{sfrgf{ cmb krmkdadmgsf'

Kbl{d`dklkdûg<' Algcdo}blr?' Bdgh}lb;' Blodlb




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <<

3' Ylblsdgl

Slrsla}cm~> M{ }gl cm bl{ l`mkkdfgm{ cmb elobl aì{ kfaybmsl: rmymrk}!sm mg bl m{`mrl y{dkfbûhdkl cmb dgcdpdc}f" t {m cm`dgm kfaf }gl lbsmrlkdûgmg mb rdsaf t bl l`b}mgkdl pmrolb" |}m {m pm dgsmrr}aydcl yfr cd`mrmgsm{m{yl{af' Bl slrsla}cm~ m{ }g srl{sfrgf y{dkf`}gkdfglb" mb k}lb lylrmkm"hmgmrlbamgsm mg mb afamgsf mg |}m m{sì srlg{k}rrdmgcf m{m yrfkm{f`d{dfbûhdkf cm cm{m|}dbdordf dcmfpmrolb' Bl slrsla}cm~ m{ yrfpfklclmgsrm fsrl{ kf{l{ yfr alb algmnf `ladbdlr'

Slrslbmf> M{ }gl l`mkkdûg hrlpm cmb rdsaf t bl l`b}mgkdl pmrolb |}m {myrfc}km yfr bl dgkffrcdglkdûg mgsrm bl kfgkmykdûg pmrolb t bl amkìgdklcmb elobl' M{sm srl{sfrgf m{ cm ágcfbm frhìgdkf!kfg{sds}kdfglb" cm klrìk!smr emrmcdslrdf t `ladbdlr" k}tl{ klrlksmrá{sdkl{ yrdgkdylbm{ {fg bl sl|}dbl!bdl t mb lsrfymbbf cm bf{ mbmamgsf{ hrlalsdklbm{'

[ágsfal{ klrlksmrá{sdkf{rmlkkdfgm{ {ds}lkdfgm{

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Sáydkl t kfg{slgsmPdpmgkdlb

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Elobl ymfr hmgmrlbamgsm Elobl amnfr |}m bf kfaþg

[ds}lkdûg {fkdlb gf rm{yfg!{lobm %cd{smg{dûg$

Elobl amnfr }{}lbamgsm%cd{adg}kdûg cm bl kfgkdmg!kdl$

Elobl ymfr hmgmrlbamgsm%l}amgsf cmb cm{kfgsrfb$

Kfgc}ksl{ hmgmrlbm{%LsmgkdûgKfgkmgsrlkdûg$

@}gkdfgl ymfr @}gkdfgl amnfr

Klylkdclc pmrsmorlcfrlglrrlsdpl

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Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <?

K}dclcf ymr{fglb t ymrsm!gmkál{

Frcmg t rm{yfg{lodbdclcgfralb

Smgcmgkdl lb cm{frcmg t l bldrrm{yfg{lodbdclc

Yrftmkkdûg cm bl ymr{fglbd!

clc Smgcmgkdl l bl dgsrfpmr{dûg Smgcmgkdl l bl musrfpmr{dûg

Sl|}dblbdl> M{ bl lbsmrlkdûg mg mb rdsaf cmb bmgh}lnm" k}tl algd`m{slkdûgkfg{d{sm mg bl mukm{dpl rlydcm~ kfg |}m {m madsmg bl{ ylblorl{' Hmgmrlb!amgsm bl sl|}dblbdl m{ }gl {ágsfal cm }gl ylsfbfhál cmb rdsaf t bll`b}mgkdl pmrolb" kfaf mb slrslbmf' [m yrm{mgsl" lcmaì{" mg sfcf{ bf{ylkdmgsm{ |}m yrm{mgsl mg lkmbmrlkdûg y{dkfafsrd~'

Orlcdblbdl> M{ mb srl{sfrgf mb rdsaf t bl l`b}mgkdl pmrolb |}m dgpmr{l!amgsm l bl sl|}dblbdl {m klrlksmrd~l yfr }g bmgh}lnm mukm{dplamgsm bmgsf"mb k}lb {m lkfaylül cm mbfghladmgsf cm bl{ pfklbm{ t }gl lrsdk}blkdûgdayrmkd{l' M{ `rmk}mgsm mg cmsmradglcl{ mg`mramclcm{ ogmrpdf{l{ t mgk}lcrf{ fbdhf`rägdkf{' Bl orlcdblbdl {m lyrmkdl mg bl{ cmyrm{dfgm{" m{sl!cf{ kfg`}{dfglbm{ t mg {} `fral gfralb mg dgcdpdc}f{ ymrm~f{f{'

Sl|}d`l{dl> Yrfc}kkdûg lkmbmrlcl cm ylblorl{' Mb {}nmsf ylrmkm {lbslr cm}gl ylblorl l fsrl" eloblr {dg ylrlr" }gl{ pmkm{ {dh}dmgcf }g frcmg" tfsrl{ pmkm{ c `fral dgkfemrmgsm'

Bfhfrrml %Pmrofrrml$> %cmb hrdmhf bfhf{ t remf `b}dr$ m{ bl kfay}b{dûgyfr eloblr {dg km{lr" cm `fral dgkfgsrfblobm l}g|}m kfemrmgsm' [m yrm!{mgsl kfaf {ágsfal cm lbh}gf{ srl{sfrgf{ y{d|}dìsrdkf{" kfaf bf{ odyf!blrm{' Eloblr mukm{dpf t kfay}b{dpf'

L`l{dl> Kfg{d{sm mg bl yärcdcl sfslb f ylrkdlb cmb bmgh}lnm" kfgcdkdfglclyfr bl{ dg`mkkdfgm{ kmrmorlbm{" srl{sfrgf{ pl{k}blrm{" mg`mramclcm{dg`blalsfrdl{ kmrmorlbm{ %mgkm`lbdsd{" lo{km{f{$ t srl}alsd{af{ krlgmf!mgkm`ìbdkf{$' Bl{ {mkkdfgm{ ymrd`ärdkl{ t kfgc}ksfrl{ cm bf{ lylrlsf{afsfrm{ t {mg{frdlb cb bmgh}lnm" ymralgmkmg dglbsmrlcl{' [m l`mksl bldg`fralkdûg cmb yrfhrlal afsfr pmrolb f bl kfayrmg{dûg cm bl dg`fral!kdûg rmkdodcl" yfr bf |}m {m kfg{dcmrl }g srl{sfrgf cm bl {daofbd~lkdûg'

L`l{dl [mg{frdlb %Xmrgdkjm$> Mud{sm }gl yärcdcl mg bl kfayrmg{dûg cmbbmgh}lnm eloblcf f m{krdsf' L}g|}m mb dgcdpdc}f ymrkdom lcmk}lclamgsmbl bf{ {fgdcf{" gf kfayrmgcm {} {dhgd`dklcf" m{ cmkdr gf kfayrmgcm bl{ylblorl{' M{sm srl{sfrgf m{ cmodcf l }gl bm{dûg |}m l`mkslg mb ìrml {mg{f!rdlb cmb bmgh}lnm mg `fral cdrmksl f dgcdrmksl'

L`l{dl Afsfrl %Orfkl$> Mb mg`mraf y}mcm kfayrmgcmr mb {dhgd`dklcfcmb bmgh}lnm k}lgcf bf ftm f bmm" m{ dgklyl~ cm m{sr}ks}rlr {} bmgh}lnm"{dg |}m eltl f mud{slg srl{sfrgf{ lrsdk}blsfrdf{' Mb ylkdmgsm m{ dgklyl~ cmkfcd`dklr mg bl {daofbfhál yrfydl cmb bmgh}lnm" yfr bm{dfgm{ |}m cdrmksl f




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <;

dgcdrmkslamgsm l`mkslg mb ìrml cm orfkl' Kfaf m{ `rmk}mgsm {m lkfaylülcm lhrl`ál'

Cd{bmudl> Kfg{d{sm mg bl cd`dk}bslc ylrl kfayrmgcmr bf{ {áaofbf{ cm blm{krds}rl' Mb mg`mraf slayfkf y}mcm dcmgsd`dklr gd rmyrfc}kdr bf{ {áaof!bf{ m{krdsf{'

Cd{hrl`ál> Cd`dk}bslc ylrl muyrm{lr mb bmgh}lnm m{krdsf' Bl m{krds}rl m{dbmhdobm" {m cd{sfr{dfgl bl cdrmkkdûg cm bl m{krds}rl" bl {mbmkkdûg cm bl{bmsrl{ t {} `fral t mg hmgmrlb" sfcl bl rmyrm{mgslkdûg hrì`dkl cm bl{ylblorl{'

Cd{`fgál m{yì{sdkl> M{ }gl l`mkkdûg pfklb |}m lylrmkm yfr }g alb }{fcm bl pf~ f }gl smg{dûg mukm{dpl mg bl dgsmg{dclc pfklb ‛ hrdsf{ c}rlgsm mb

n}mhf ‛ dadslkdûg cm r}dcf{ cm afsfrm{" pfkm{ cm lgdalbm{ t ymr{fgl{"cm`dkdmgsm säkgdkl pfklb' Mg mb k}lcrf kbágdkf cm m{sm cm{frcmg pfklb"mgkfgsrlaf{" cm afcf {mk}gclrdf" }gl lbsmrlkdûg {mk}gclrdl cm bl rm{yd!rlkdûg'

Cd{`fgál `}gkdfglb %ylräsdkl f edyf|}dkäsdkl$> M{sl l`mkkdûg m{ yrfpf!klcl yfr }gl cd{adg}kdûg mg bl afpdbdclc cm bl{ k}mrcl{ pfklbm{: hmgm!

rlbamgsm m{sf fk}rrm k}lgcf bl{ k}mrcl{ pfklbm{ {m elg {famsdcf l }gm{slcf cm smg{dûg" bf |}m cmsmradgl bl lylrdkdûg yf{smrdfr cm }gl rmc}k!kdûg cm bl `}gkdûg lc}ksfrl f cm smg{dûg cm bl{ k}mrcl{ |}m" cm ymr{d{sdr"kfgc}kmg l bl l`fgál'

Cd{`fgál y{dkf{faìsdkl> M{sm sdyf cm l`mkkdûg cm klrìksmr `}gkdfglb |}m{m kfgfkm" lcmaì{" kfaf cd{`fgál y{á|}dkl" mg bl altfrál cm bf{ kl{f{m{sl afsdplcl yfr }g srl{sfrgf gm}rûsdkf" }gl ymr{fglbdclc ed{särdkl l bl|}m {}mbmg lsrdo}dr{m kfg`bdksf{ {}okfg{kdmgsm{' Yfr bf hmgmrlb" m{smsrl{sfrgf lylrmkm mg a}nmrm{ m dgcdpdc}f{ a}t mafsdpf{ dgalc}rf{" t

mg gm}rûsdkf{ m{ymkdlbamgsm ed{särdkf{' Bl pf~ {þodslamgsm {m ydmrcm tbl sf{ t bl rd{l {fg gfralbm{'

Cd{`fgál Frhìgdkl> M{sìg yrfc}kdcl{ yfr cd`mrmgsm{ yrfkm{f{ ylsfbûhd!kf{ cm bl blrdghm" kfaf {fg> blrdghdsd{" m{smgf{d{" ylrm{dl{ mg bf{ rmybdm!h}m{ pfkìbdkf{" gûc}bf{" yûbdyf{" gûc}bf{" msk' Bl pf~ {m lbsmr" {m sfrglafgûsfgl" yfbdkbfglb %lh}cl f hrlpm$ dg`bmudpl" kedbbfgl" mgrfg|}mkdcl"t mg fkl{dfgm{ y}mcm sfrglr{m mg{frcmkmr{m f lc|}drdr }g sdaorm gl{lb'

L`fgál{> [g srl{sfrgf{ pfklbm{ |}m {m algd`dm{slg yfr bl l}{mgkdl cm blpf~" {m lyrmkdl mg bf{ kl{f{ cm mg`mramclc lh}cl t krûgdkl cm bl blrdghm"{form bl ol{m cm cdpmr{f{ yrfkm{f{ dg`blalsfrdf{" ylrìbd{d{ t ylrm{dl{ cmbf{ aþ{k}bf{ blrághmf{" s}afrm{" f mg bf{ kl{f{ cm ed{smrdl } fsrl{ gm}!rf{d{' [m kbl{d`dklg mg `}gkdfglbm{ t frhìgdkl{'





@}gkdfglb> Kfayfgmgsm y{á|}dkf mg {} ol{m %kfg`bdksf{ maf!kdfglbm{ f l`mksdpf{!mafkdfglbm{ cdpmr{f{ srl}al{'

@fgl{smgdl> M{ bl lbsmrlkdûg pfklb cm klrìksmr `}gkdfglb |}m" yfr bfhmgmrlb" lylrmkm mg bf{ yrf`m{dfglbm{ cm bl pf~ ‛ alm{srf{" n}rd{sl{ ‛ t mgbf{ |}m elkmg alb }{f cm bl säkgdkl pfklb f lo}{lg cm {} pf~' Mg bldgamg{l altfrál cm bf{ kl{f{" mb mbmamgsf frdhdglb bf kfg{sds}tm }gcm{ybl~ladmgsf cm bl lbs}rl amcdl cm bl pf~" lbs}rl }{lcl ylrl bl yrf`m!{dûg'

A}sd{af> Mb mg`mraf gf |}dmrm f {m gdmhl l eloblr" gf rm{yfgcm l bl{yrmh}gsl{ gd elobl cm algmrl m{yfgsìgml' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl{

klslsûgdkl{" ed{särdkf{" amblgkûbdkf{" cmbdrlgsm{ t fbdhf`rägdkf{'

Gmfbfhd{af> M{ }g srl{sfrgf yrdalrdf cmb ymg{ladmgsf" l}g|}m {m mu!yrm{l pmrolbamgsm' Kfg{d{sm mb srl{sfrgf mg bl krmlkdûg cm ylblorl{ yfrmb ylkdmgsm" {ûbf kfayrmg{dobm{ ylrl äb: m{sl{ ylblorl{ muyrm{lg muym!rdmgkdl{ mafkdfglbm{ f kfhgf{kdsdpl{ g}mpl{ |}m gf y}mcmg rmblkdfglr{mkfg bf{ m{|}mal{ cm rm`mrmgkdl cm bl{ ymr{fgl{ gfralbm{" f cmb yrfydfylkdmgsm mg bl mslyl lgsmrdfr l {} mg`mramclc' [m algd`dm{sl mg bl m{|}d!~f`rmgdl'

Ylrlbfhd{af> Mg bf{ |}m mb ylkdmgsm }sdbd~l ylblorl{ cmb pfklo}blrdfelods}lb" ymrf ylrl {dhgd`dklr }g kfgkmysf cd{sdgsf cmb |}m bl yrfydlylblorl sdmgm' M{ cmkdr" lsrdo}dobm l }gl ylblorl gfralb }g {dhgd`dklcfymk}bdlr t yrfydf" cmb sfcf lnmgf lb rmlb' Bf pmaf{ {form sfcf mg m{|}d!~f`rägdkf{'

A}{dslkdfgm{> [m rm`dmrm l |}m mb ylkdmgsm elobl kfg{slgsmamgsm mg pf~olnl" cm afcf |}m m{ cd`ákdb f dayf{dobm mgsmgcmrbm' Srl{sfrgf mg mb |}mmb ylkdmgsm a}ra}rl blrhf{ {fbdbf|}df{" kfaf {d eloblrl kfg{dhf ad{af'

Mg a}kel{ fkl{dfgm{ m{ muyrm{dûg cm dgsmgsf{ `mgûamgf{ lb}kdglsfrdf{t mb ylkdmgsm kfgpmr{l kfg bl{ pfkm{' [}mbm yrm{mgslr{m mg m{slcf{ lplg!~lcf{ cm bl{ cmamgkdl{" m{|}d~f`rmgdl" rmsrl{f amgslb t fsrl{ y{dkf{d{frhìgdkl{ |}m daybdklg cmsmrdfrf'

Afgûbfhf> Mb ylkdmgsm elobl {fbf" mg pf~ lbsl t elkdmgcf `rmk}mgsmlcmalgm{' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rägdkf{'

Mkfblbdl> Kfg{d{sm mg rmymsdkdûg dgpfb}gslrdl" kfaf {d {m srlslrl cm }g

mkf" cm bl{ `rl{m{ |}m mb ylkdmgsm ftm' [m rmydsm l}sfaìsdklamgsm bl{`rl{m{ f þbsdal{ `rl{m{ cm bf |}m ftm'Ylbdylbdl> K}lgcf rmydsm bl }bsdal ylblorl cm bl `rl{m'Bfhfkbfgál> k}lgcf {m rmydsm bl þbsdal {dblol'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál <=

Pmrodhmrlkdûg> _mymsdkdûg cm ylblorl{ f `rl{m{ {dg {mgsdcf{" mg mb k}r{fcm bl kfgpmr{lkdûg' [m srlslrál cm }gl `fral cm rmymsdkdûg l}sfaìsdkl cm

`rl{m{ f ylblorl{ m{kl{lamgsm kfayrmg{dobm{ mg mb k}r{f cm }g bmgh}lnmpmrofrrmdkf' Yrfydf cm bl lhdslkdûg klslsûgdkl t cm fsrf{ srl{sfrgf{m{|}d~f`rägdkf{' Mb l}sfalsd{af m{ dgkfayrmg{dobm'

M{smrmfsdydl pmrolb> M{ bl rmymsdkdûg cm }g pfklobf |}m { dgsmrklbl mg blkfgpmr{lkdûg" t bl ylblorl f `rl{m {drpm cm rmbbmgf t {m }sdbd~l ylrl hlglrsdmayf |}m yrmkd{l bl dcmlkdûg bmgsl f cd`dk}bsf{l ylrl mgkfgsrlr bf{säradgf{ lcmk}lcf{'

Pmrodbfk}mgkdl> Mb ylkdmgsm elobl }{lgcf ylblorl{ rdaofaolgsm{ f

kfg{sr}kkdfgm{ hrlalsdklbm{ rmo}{klcl{' [m yrm{mgsl mg ylkdmgsm{ kfgdcml{ cmbdrlgsm{ cm hrlgcm~l t mg ymr{fglbdclcm{ ed{särdkl{'

Ylrlrrm{y}m{sl{> [fg l|}mbbl{ rm{y}m{sl{ gf lyrfydlcl{ l bl{ yrmh}gsl{`fra}blcl{' Cd{sdgh}daf{ ylrlrrm{y}m{sl{ mg mb {ágcrfam cm Hlg{mr%{da}blkdûg$" mg mb |}m mb kfgsmgdcf cm bl{ rm{y}m{sl{ gf{ dgcdkl |}m mbylkdmgsm mgsdmgcm bf |}m {m bm cdkm t cmbdomrlclamgsm elobl cm }g smalrmblkdfglcf'

Ylrl{dgslud{ t ylrlhrlalsd{af> Kfg{d{sm mg mb }{f cm `rl{m{ dgkfa!ybmsl{" ylblorl{ mgsrmkfrslcl{" afgf{áblof{" muyrm{dfgm{ kfaybdklcl{ flbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb frcmg cm bl{ ylblorl{ |}m cl b}hlr l }g bmgh}lnm dgkfem!rmgsm" dbûhdkf m dgkfayrmg{dobm' M{sm srl{sfrgf cmb bmgh}lnm mg {} `fralaì{ {mpmrl {m mgk}mgsrl mg }g sdyf cm m{|}d~f`rmgdl cmgfadglcl m{|}d!

~fl`l{dl'

L@MKSF

Bl{ pdpmgkdl{ |}m gf{ elkmg {mgsdr odmg f alb |}m gf{ day}b{lg l lbm! nlrgf{ f lkmrklrgf{ l bf{ fonmsf{" kfaf rmlkkdûg l bf |}m ymrkdodaf{ tymg{laf{" kfg{sds}tm bl l`mksdpdclc'

Mafkdfgm{> [fg pdpmgkdl{ l`mksdpl{ |}m {m yrfc}kmg or}{kl!amgsm t lbklg~lg hrlg dgsmg{dclc" ymrf sdmgmg kfrsl c}rlkdûg'Bl{ lkfaylülg klaodf{ {faìsdkf{' [m cdpdcmg mg yrdalrdl{%drl" admcf t lafr$ t {mk}gclrdl{ %lbmhrál" srd{sm~l t lg{dm!

clc$

[mgsdadmgsf{> [fg pdpmgkdl{ l`mksdpl{ aì{ m{slobm{ t amgf{dgsmg{l{: {}rhmg bmgslamgsm t {fg aì{ c}rlcmrl{'





Yl{dfgm{> Pdpmgkdl{ cm hrlg yfsmgkdl t blrhl m{slodbdclc" {fg`}mr~l{ afsdplcfrl{ ylrl h}dlr lb dgcdpdc}f l}g lgsm bf{ al!

tfrm{ fo{sìk}bf{ t |}m elkmg |}m mb {}nmsf ydmrcl fonmsdpdclc'

M{slcf cm ìgdaf> m{ mb m{slcf l`mksdpf ol{lb f cm `fgcf" {formmb |}m {m yrm{mgsl bl{ mafkdfgm{" {mgsdadmgsf{" msk" lgsm cd`m!rmgsm{ m{sda}blkdfgm{'

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cm bl l`mksdpdclc>

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lgsdslsdpl{

<' Edymrsdadl{ yblkmgsmrll' Afrdlo' M}`frdlk' Edyfalgálc' Algál

?' Edymrsdadl cd{yblkmgsmrl{l' Srd{sm~lo' Lg{dmclck' Drrdslodbdclcc' Cd{`frdl

;' Edyfsdadl

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lbdslsdpl{

<' Blodbdclc l`mksdpl?' Dgkfgsdgmgkdl l`mksdpl;' Smglkdclc l`mksdpl3' Gmfsdadl{=' Ymrybmndclc0' Cd{fkdlkdûg dcmfl`mksdpl8' Laodplbmgkdl l`mksdpl

Afrdl> Lbmhrál plkál m dg{}b{l |}m {m lkfaylül cm }g m{slcf hmgmrlb cmlylsál' Mb ylkdmgsm yrm{mgsl }g e}afr muylg{dpf" m}`ûrdkf" kfg smgcmg!kdl lb mrfsd{af' [m yrm{mgsl mg bm{dfgm{ %s}afrm{$ cmb bûo}bf `rfgslb'

M}`frdl> @fral cm lbmhrál mg bl |}m yrmcfadgl bl cm{dgedodkdûg' [mklrlksmrd~l yfr bl hrlg nfpdlbdclc t yärcdcl cm bf{ kfgpmgkdfglbd{af{'[m yrfc}km mg dgsfudklkdfgm{ lbkfeûbdkl{" cmamgkdl{ t rmsrl{f amgslb'

Edyfalgál> Lbmhrál kfg klrlksmrá{sdkl{ a}t {dadblrm{ l bl gfral" ymrfcm altfr dgsmg{dclc t c}rlkdûg' Mb klrìksmr dgsmg{f m{sì amgf{ rmblkdf!glcf {fg {}{ {ds}lkdfgm{ laodmgslbm{'





Algál> L}amgsf alrklcf cmb srl{sfrgf lgsmrdfr |}m bbmpl lb ylkdmgsm lbymrcmr mb {mgsdcf cm bl rmlbdclc' [m yrm{mgsl mg y{dkf{d{ algálkf cmyrm!

{dpl t mukdslkdûg rmlksdpl'

Srd{sm~l> [mgsdadmgsf{ cm cm{lhrlcf" dgklylkdclc" `lbsl cm mgmrhál tym{dad{af' Mg `fral ylsfbûhdkl y}mcm yrm{mgslr{m mg }g gdpmb gm}rûsd!kf" mg mb |}m gf elt yärcdcl cmb {mgsdcf cm bl rmlbdclc" mg }g gdpmb y{dkû!sdkf" mg |}m {d bf elt' [m yrm{mgsl l gdpmb gm}rûsdkf mg cmyrm{dfgm{gm}rûsdkl{" srl{sfrgf{ cm bl ymr{fglbdclc" t cm{kfaymg{lkdfgm{ cmyrm{d!pl{ frhìgdkl{' L gdpmb y{dkûsdkf {m yrm{mgsl mg y{dkf{d{ algálkf cmyrm!{dpl{" amblgkûbdkl" y{dkf{d{ cmyrm{dpl rmlksdpl'

Lg{dmclc> [m cd`mrmgkdl cm bl lg{dmclc gfralb mg |}m {m algd`dm{sl cm`fral kfg{slgsm l bf{ |}m {m lülcmg krd{d{ cm hrlg dgsmg{dclc' [m yrm{mg!sl mg cmyrm{dfgm{" gm}rfl{smgdl{ t gm}rf{d{'

Drrdslodbdclc> Pdpmgkdl{ cm cm{lhrlcf" {mamnlgsm{ l bl drl' [m yrfc}kmlgsm m{sáa}bf{ bdhmrf{ kfg cd{adg}kdûg cmb }aorlb ymrkmys}lb |}m elkmcm{lhrlclobm{ ymrkmykdfgm{ cm lbh}gl dgsmg{dclc' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ág!crfam{ cmyrm{dpf{" {ágcrfam{ gm}rfl{sägdkf{ t gm}rf{d{'

Cd{`frdl> [dadblr lb srl{sfrgf lgsmrdfr" cmb |}m {m cd`mrmgkdl yfr lkfa!ylülr{m cm srd{sm~l gf a}t algd`dm{sl' [m yrm{mgsl mg mydbmy{dl{" srl{!sfrgf{ cm bl ymr{fglbdclc" y{dkf{d{ cmbdrlgsm{" gm}rf{d{ st rmsrl{f{ amgsl!bm{'

Nþodbf> M{slcf l`mksdpf mg mb |}m mb ylkdmgsm drrlcdl }g ldrm cm `mbdkdclct kfg`dlg~l mg {d ad{af t a}m{srl }gl hrlg lksdpdclc' [d {m bm yrm{mgsllbh}gl {ds}lkdûg |}m y}cdmrl yrfc}kdrbm srd{sm~l mb ylkdmgsm bl cm{mkelkfaf gf dayfrslgsm' @ìkdbamgsm y}mcm pfbklr{m mg drrdslodbdclc' [myrm{mgsl mg bl Edyfalgál t mg bl m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

Musl{d{> M{slcf l`mksdpf mg mb k}lb mb {}nmsf rfaym sfcl bl kfa}gdklkdûgkfg mb amcdf laodmgsm t ylrmkm srlg{yfrslcf l fsrf a}gcf" mg mb |}m {melbbl dcmgsd`dklcf kfg mb hrlg yfcmr kû{adkf' [m pm mg bl{ ed{smrdl{cd{fkdlsdpl{" mydbmy{dl" m{|}d~f`rägdkf{ t `l{m algálklb cm bl mg`mram!clc algálkf!cmyrm{dpl'

Edyfsdadl %l`mksf lyblglcf$> L`mksf cd{adg}dcf" {m klrlksmrd~l yfr }glcd{adg}kdûg cm bl rm{y}m{sl l`mksdpl l bf{ emkef{ t {ds}lkdfgm{ cm bl

pdcl cmb mg`mraf' Mg {}{ `fral{ bdhmrl{ {m cmgfadgl lyblgladmgsfl`mksdpf f maofsladmgsf l`mksdpf'

Lgm{sm{dl l`mksdpl> [m lyrmkdl mg cmyrm{dfgm{ yrf`}gcl{" elt }gl srd{sm!~l slg dgsmg{l |}m gf ymradsm lb ylkdmgsm muymrdamgslr mafkdfgm{'





Blodbdclc l`mksdpl> [m cd{sdgh}m yfr klaodf{ or}{kf{ t kfg yfkl f

gdgh}gl afsdplkdûg cmb sfgf l`mksdpf" t elods}lbamgsm" l}g|}m {fgormpm{" yrm{mgslg hrlg dgsmg{dclc' Mg gdüf{ ym|}müf{" mg bf{ |}m m{`d{dfbûhdkf m{sm {ágsfal" yl{lg or}{klamgsm t yfr afsdpf{ olblcám{ cm}g m{slcf l`mksdpf l {} fy}m{sf' M{sm {ágsfal {m lyrmkdl mg bf{ rmsrl{f{amgslbm{" bl{ cmamgkdl{" bl{ ymr{fglbdclcm{ dgalc}rl{ t bf{ ed{särdkf{'Dgkfgsdgmgkdl l`mksdpl> Kfg{d{sm mg bl dgklylkdclc ylrl algsmgmr mbkfgsrfb lcmk}lcf {form bl{ rmlkkdfgm{ mafkdfglbm{" bl{ |}m sfalg klrlk!smrá{sdkl{ mulhmrlcl{ t smaym{s}f{l{' M{ }g {ágsfal cm dgalc}rm~ `d{df!bûhdkl t y{dkfbûhdkl yfr bf |}m y}mcm pmr{m mg dh}lbm{ lbsmrlkdfgm{ |}mmg bl blodbdclc l`mksdpl' M{ gfralb mg gdüf{ ym|}müf{'

Smglkdclc l`mksdpl> Ymr{d{smgkdl cm }gl pdpmgkdl mafkdfglb c}rlgsm }gsdmayf mulhmrlcf t kfg }gl dgsmg{dclc lgfralb' [m fo{mrpl yrdgkdylb!amgsm mg bl{ mydbmy{dl{" l}g|}m y}mcm yrm{mgslr{m mg ylkdmgsm{ cmbdrlgsm"ylrlgfdcm{ t ylrlgfdkf{" t mg srl{sfrgf{ cm bl ymr{fglbdclc' Mg ylkdmg!sm{ kfg bm{dfgm{ frhìgdkl{ slaodäg {m yrm{mgsl" ymrf mg mbbf{ {m mgk}mg!srl mg cd{k}{dûg {d mb {ágsfal m{ yrfpfklcf yfr }gl cd{rrdsadl kmrmorlb|}m hmgmrlbamgsm kfmud{sm'

Gmfsdadl{> [fg pdpmgkdl{ l`mksdpl{ g}mpl{" g}kl lgsm{ muymrdamgslcl{yfr mb mg`mraf" gd yfr fsrl{ ymr{fgl{ gfralbm{' [m fo{mrplg `}gclamg!slbamgsm mg bf{ m{|}d~f`rägdkf{: t kfg }gl sfglbdclc cd{sdgsl mg |}m mb{ágsfal {m yrm{mgsl amgf{ rlrf t aì{ kfayrmg{dobm" {m yrfc}km slaodägmg bf{ ed{särdkf{'

Ymrybmndclc> M{ }gl rmlkkdûg l`mksdpl kfaybmnl" rm{}bslgsm cm bl kfmud{!smgkdl cmb l{faorf" cm{kfgkdmrsf t musrlüm~l |}m mb mg`mraf muymrdamg!sl lb gf yfcmr clr{m k}mgsl cm bl {ds}lkdûg mg |}m pdpm' M{sm {ágsfal {mlkfaylül cm }gl muyrm{dûg `lkdlb cm bf{ mbmamgsf{ m{mgkdlbm{ |}m kfg{!

sds}tmg bl lbsmrlkdûg> l{faorf" musrlüm~l t cm{kfgkdmrsf' Y}mcm yrm{mg!slr{m lcmaì{" mg bl{ y{dkf{d{ frhìgdkl{" rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{ yrf`}gcf{ tcmamgkdl{'

Cd{fkdlkdûg dcmfl`mksdpl %dgkfghr}mgkdl" ylrlsdadl$> [m yrfc}km k}lg!cf bl rmlkkdûg l`mksdpl rm{yfgcm dglcmk}lclamgsm l bl {ds}lkdûg |}m blfrdhdgl' [m y}mcm fo{mrplr mg bl{ cmamgkdl{" rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{ yrf`}g!cf{ t y{dkf{d{ frhìgdkl{" ed{smrdl" m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

Laodplbmgkdl l`mksdpl> Kfg{d{sm mg bl kfmud{smgkdl {da}bsìgml cm cf{l`mksf{ fy}m{sf{' [m kfg{dcmrl kfaf {ágsfal rlrf" t {m m{sdal" lcmaì{"|}m m{ hmg}dglamgsm m{|}d~f`rägdkf t `fral ylrsm cmb {ágcrfam cmcd{hrmhlkdûg sfslb cm bl ymr{fglbdclc'





Klslsdadl> [m bm kfg{dcmrl }gl lbsmrlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf ‛ y}m{ kfg{sd!s}tm }g mrrfr cm n}dkdf" afsdplcf yfr bl dgsmr`mrmgkdl yrfc}kdcl yfr }gl

dgsmg{l pdpmgkdl l`mksdpl' [m rm`dmrm m{sl lbsmrlkdûg lb emkef kfgfkdcf cmmgkfgsrlr ombbf sfcf l|}mbbf |}m |}mrmaf{" l}g|}m gf bf {ml fonmsdpl!amgsm' M{sl pdpmgkdl {m kfg{dcmrl gfralb" f lb amgf{ yf{dobm mg ymr{f!gl{ gfralbm{" {dg maolrhf" {m yrfc}km kfg aì{ `rmk}mgkdl mg ymr{fglbd!clcm{ {}hm{sdfglobm{ f dalhdglsdpl{" kfaf bl{ cm bf{ ed{särdkf{'

YMG[LADMGSF

M{ }gl `fral cm rm`bmnf amcdlsf hmgmrlbd~lcf cm bl rmlbdclc fonmsdpl"|}m bbmpl lb cm{k}ordadmgsf cm bl{ rmblkdfgm{ t kfgmudfgm{ mgsrm bf{fonmsf{ t `mgûamgf{' Mb ymg{ladmgsf ylrsm cm bl dg`fralkdûg fosmgdclyfr amcdf cm bl{ ymrkmykdfgm{" ä{sl{ rm`bmnlg bl rmlbdclc amcdlsl' Mbkfgfkdadmgsf cm bl rmlbdclc |}m ylrsm cm bf {mg{frdlb kfgkrmsf elkdl bfhmgmrlb" cmom {mr kfayrfolcf g}mplamgsm mg bl cdpmr{dclc cm kf{l{{mg{frdlbm{ kfgkrmsl{ |}m bl mgrd|}mkmg'

Mb yrfkm{f yfr mb |}m mb ymg{ladmgsf k}r{l mg mb k}aybdadmgsf cm }gl`dglbdclc kfg{sl cm bl{ {dh}dmgsm{ fymrlkdfgm{><' Kfaylrlkdûg?' Lgìbd{d{;' [ágsm{d{3' Lo{srlkkdûg=' Hmgmrlbd~lkdûg0' Kfgkrmkdûg'

Kfaylrlkdûg> M{ bl `fral aì{ mbmamgslb cm kfgfkdadmgsf" ol{lcf mg

k}lbdclcm{ t rmblkdfgm{ musmrdfrm{: {m m`mksþl kfg`rfgslgcf dh}lbclcm{ tcdpmrhmgkdl{ kfaf }gl `fral {daybm cm kbl{d`dklkdûg'

Lgìbd{d{> Fymrlkdûg yfr bl k}lb {m {mylrl }g fonmsf f `mgûamgf mg {}{ylrsm{ t gmuf{" mbdadglgcf l|}mbbf{ kl}{lbm{ f gf m{mgkdlbm{'

[ágsm{d{> Kfg{d{sm mg rmkfg{sr}dr cm g}mpf cdkef fonmsf f `mgûamgf"}sdbd~lgcf ylrl mbbf bf{ mbmamgsf{ t rmblkdfgm{ m{mgkdlbm{ cm{k}odmrsf{'

Lo{srlkkdûg> Bl lo{srlkkdûg m{ bl {mylrlkdûg cm }g mbmamgsf f k}lbdclccm }g fonmsf f `mgûamgf" cmb rm{sf cm {}{ mbmamgsf{ kfg{sds}tmgsm{'

Hmgmrlbd~lkdûg> Fymrlkdûg yfr bl |}m {m musdmgcm bl k}lbdclc f gmuflo{srlácf" l sfcf{ bf{ fonmsf{ cm }g hägmrf clcf'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ?9

Kfgkrmkdûg> M[ bl lybdklkdûg cm bl hmgmrlbd~lkdfgm{ rmlbd~lcl{ l bf{

kl{f{ kfgkrmsf{'

Mb ymg{ladmgsf yrm{mgsl cdpmr{l{ `fral{" mgsrm fsrl{" smgmaf{> n}dkdf"rl~fgladmgsf" kfgkmysf'

N}dkdf> Lksdpdclc amcdlgsm bl k}lb bbmhlaf{ l }gl kfgkb}{dûgmusrlácl{ cm bl plbfrlkdûg cm }gl kfgkrmkdûg' Yfr amcdf cm }g

n}dkdf l`dralaf{ f gmhlaf{ blhf' _l~fgladmgsf> M{ mb amklgd{af |}m gf{ ymradsm rmblkdfglr

plrdf{ n}dkdf{ t bbmhlr l }gf g}mpf' Kfgkmysf> M{ mb rm{}bslcf cm bl {mylrlkdûg amgslb cm bf hmgm!

rlb cm bf{ fonmsf{ t `mgûamgf{" t bl }gd`dklkdûg amgslb cm m{!sf{" yfr bf |}m mb kfgkmysf {m cmgfadgl kfg bl ylblorl" `}mrlcm mbbl gf y}mcm mud{sdr' Mb kfgkmysf m{ yrfc}ksf cm bl lkkdûgrmblkdfglcl cmb yrdamrf t {mh}gcf {d{smal{ cm {mülbm{'

Ymg{ladmgsf gfralb>Klrlksmrá{sdkl{ cmb Ymg{ladmgsf Gfralb>

M{ frhlgd~lcf %l gdpmb m{sr}ks}rlb$> {m frhlgd~l cm bl {dh}dmgsm

algmrl> Klcl }gf sdmgm }g }gdpmr{f cm dcml{" m{sm m{ mb ‒kfgsmgd!cf‑" }gl dcml y}mcm lc|}drdr altfr rmbmplgkdl %altfr klrhl l`mksd!pl m dgsmrä{$" l ä{sl {m cmgfadgl> dcml cdrmksrd~> Smal kmgsrlb cmbymg{ladmgsf mg }g afamgsf cmsmradglcf" m{sl dcml {m pl cm{ybl!~lgcf" bf |}m {m bblal ‒K}r{f‑ %Cm{lrrfbbf cmb smal$ |}m {m cdrdhm

l }gl `dglbdclc cmb ymg{ladmgsf |}m m{ muyfgmr mb smal kmgsrlb' Bldcml cdrmksrd~ sdmgm ? `}gkdfgm{>

<' _dhm mb k}r{f cmb ymg{ladmgsf'?' Ymradsm |}m mb ymg{ladmgsf bbmh}m l {} `dglbdclc'

Slaodäg mud{smg bl{ dcml{ {mk}gclrdl{ |}m {fg l|}mbbl{ |}m y}mcmgsmgmr }gl altfr f amgfr rmblkdûg kfg bl dcml Cdrmksrd~' Kfaybmamgslg!cf bl dcml kmgsrlb'

<' M{ kfemrmgsm> Gf sdmgm m{sr}ks}rl lbmlsfrdl" mb ymg{ladmgsfgfralb {m m{sr}ks}rl mg ol{m l bl{ bmtm{ cm l{fkdlkdûg %{fg bl{|}m m{s}cdl bl bûhdkl$ Mn' Yrdgkdydf cm bl gf kfgsrlcdkkdûg' BlKfemrmgkdl {m y}mcm rfaymr yfr bf{ lksf{ `lbbdcf{ %}gl ylbl!orl yfr fsrl$

?'

M{ mbì{sdkf> M{ bl `bmudodbdclc cmb ymg{ladmgsf l fsrf" cm }glalgmrl lraûgdkl';' Sdmgm }gl yfsmgkdlb dcmf yrludkf> {m rm`dmrm l |}m mb ymg{l!

admgsf m{ kfgkmodcf kfaf }g mg{ltf cm lkkdûg" yfsmgkdlbdclccm bbmplr l klof lkkdfgm{ kfgkrmsl{'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ?<

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb ymg{ladmgsf

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb frdhmg cmb ymg{ladmgsf

<' Aìhdkf %aá{sdkf$?' L}sd{sl %cmrmdsl{$

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb k}r{f cmb ymg{ladmgsf

<' Dgedodkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf?' @}hl cm dcml{;' Mgbmgsmkdadmgsf3' Obf|}mf cmb ymg{ladmgsf=' _fof cmb ymg{ladmgsf0' Cd{hrmhlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf8' Dgkfemrmgkdl5' Yrfbdndclc %kdrk}g{slgkdlbdclc$4' Ymr{mrpmrlkdûg<9' M{smrmfsdydl

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb kfgsmgdcf cmb ymg{ladmgsf

<' Dcml{ cmbdrlgsm{

l' Dcml cmbdrlgsm yrdalrdld' Cm ymr{mk}kdûgdd' Cm clüf

ddd' Cm rm`mrmgkdldp' Aá{sdkl{p' Cm hrlgcm~l %amhlbfalgálkl{$

pd' Mrûsdkl{pdd' Kmbfsáydkl{

pddd' Cm k}byldu' Edyfkfgcrálkl{

u' Cm olgklrrfslud' Gdedbá{sdkl

udd' Cm a}mrsm f {}dkdcf

o' Dcml cmbdrlgsm {mk}gclrdl

?' Dcml{ ylsfbûhdkl{ gf cmbdrlgsm{l' Dcml @dnlo' Dcml [formplbfrlcl

k'

Dcml fo{m{dplc' Dcml{ `ûodkl{m' Cm kmbf{`' Cm k}bylh' Edyfkfgcrálkl{




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ??

e' Cm a}mrsm t {}dkdcdfd' Cm adg}{plbál

n' Ym{dad{sl{j' Kfgad{mrlkdûg

Ymg{ladmgsf l}sd{sl> M{ |}m {m g}srm mg `fral yrmcfadglgsm cm pdpmg!kdl{ lb}kdglsfrdl{ m dalhdglsdpl{ |}m gf kfrrm{yfgcmg l bl {ds}lkdûg rmlbmg |}m {m mgk}mgsrl mb {}nmsf" t bf {mylrlg cm m{sl' M{sl{ pdpmgkdl{ sdmgmgdg`b}mgkdl slb {form mb mg`mraf |}m yrmcfadgl {form bl{ gfralbm{" {}!adägcfbf mg }gl {ds}lkdûg lb}kdglgsm cm bl |}m gf y}mcm m{klylr'

Ymg{ladmgsf aá{sdkf %aìhdkf$> [m klrlksmrd~l yfr kfg{sds}dr{m l ylrsdrcm l{fkdlkdfgm{ `fralbm{ |}m cm{kfgfkmg bl m{mgkdl cm bf{ `mgûamgf{"mgsrm mbbl{" yfcmaf{ {mülblr>

<' L{fkdlkdûg yfr {mamnlg~l %mb {}nmsf |}m eloál smgdcf }gl mu!ymrdmgkdl cm{lhrlclobm kfg }gl a}nmr r}odl |}m }{}lbamgsmpm{sál rfyl{ oblgkl{" yrm{mgslol }gl krd{d{ cm yìgdkf k}lgcf{m bm lkmrklol bl mg`mramrl cmb s}rgf" yfr|}m lyrmkdlol {} ymbfr}odf t mb oblgkf }gd`fram'

?' L{fkdlkdûg yfr kfgsdhòdclc %m{ }gl muymrdmgkdl ol{slgsm `rm!

k}mgsm |}m k}lgcf }g gdüf {m bm {ds}ä fsrf onmsf n}gs l }g {f!glnmrf" yfr mnmaybf" }gl yb}al" cm{y}ä{ cm mgs}{dl{alr{m kfgmb {fglnmrf" lhdsm bl yb}al {}yfgdmgcf |}m yrfc}kdrál }g {fgd!cf dcägsdkf'

;' L{fkdlkdûg yfr kfgsdg}dclc smayfrlb %Ylrl kfgsdg}lr }sdbd~lg!cf mb mnmaybf cm bf{ ym|}müf{" m{ cm sfcf{ kfgfkdcf{ |}mk}lgcf }g gdüf el smgdcf }gl muymrdmgkdl cm{lhrlclobm kfg }glc}bsf" kfaf m{ mb kl{f cm }gl dg{sr}amgslkdûg afbm{sl mg }gef{ydslb" rmlkkdfglrì kfg admcf k}lgcf }g lc}bsf {m bm lkmr!|}m l kfgsdg}lkdûg" {}yfgdmgcf |}m slaodäg drì l rmlbd~lrbm

lbhf afbm{sf'

Lkmbmrlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf %sl|}dy{á|}dkf$> Kfg{d{sm mg mb l}amgsfmg bl pmbfkdclc kfg |}m `b}tmg bl{ dcml{: mg hrlcf{ bdhmrf{ cmb srl{sfrgf"mb rdsaf cmb ymg{ladmgsf m{ rìydcf t mb ylkdmgsm muymrdamgsl kfaf {ds}pdmrl }gl hrlg `lkdbdclc ylrl ymg{lr'

@}hl cm dcml{ %Ymg{ladmgsf dcmf`}hdsdpf$> M{ mb hrlcf altfr cm bllkmbmrlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf t {m klrlksmrd~l yfr|}m m{sm `b}tm l }gl

pmbfkdclc slb |}m mb ylkdmgsm" yfr rìydcf |}m elobm" gf y}mcm elkmrbf lbrdsaf cmb ymg{ladmgsf t {m pm fobdhlcf l clr ‒{lbsf{‑ ylrl lbklg~lrbf"kfg bf |}m bl{ `rl{m{ |}mclg dgkfgkb}{l{ t ylrl mb |}m bf m{k}kel {mlyrmkdlg dgkfgmul{'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ?;

Mgbmgsmkdadmgsf> Mb rdsaf cm bl{ dcml{ m{ bmgsf t srlolnf{f' [m yrm{mgslmg {ágcrfam{ cmyrm{dpf{" rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{" cmamgkdl{ t ylkdmgsm{

cmsmrdfrlcf{'

Obf|}mf cmb ymg{ladmgsf> Dgsmrr}ykdûg or}{kl cmb k}r{f cmb ymg{l!admgsf kfg l}{mgkdl sfslb cm dcml{' Mg {} `fral sáydkl {m yrm{mgsl mgm{|}d~f`rmgdl{ t cm algmrl lsáydkl {m yrm{mgsl mg lbh}gl{ ed{smrdl{'

_fof cmb ymg{ladmgsf> Dgsmryrmslkdûg cmbdrlgsm cmb obf|}mf cmb ymg{l!admgsf" mb |}m m{ lsrdo}dcf l dg`b}mgkdl{ musmrgl{' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d!~f`rmgdl t lbh}gl{ y{dkf{d{ cmbdrlgsm{ lh}cl{ t krûgdkl{'

Cd{hrmhlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf> Bl dcml cdrmksrd~ m{ dgklyl~ cm kfgc}kdrmb ymg{ladmgsf elkdl bl `dglbdclc yrfy}m{sl" cm{pdìgcf{m m{sm kfgsdg}l!amgsm elkdl cd`mrmgsm{ smal{" {dg bbmhlr l kfgkb}dr gdgh}gf'

Dgkfemrmgkdl> Hrlcf aìudaf cm bl cd{hrmhlkdûg" mb ymg{ladmgsf sdmgmslb `rlhamgslkdûg |}m mb cd{k}r{f cmb ylkdmgsm ydmrcm el{sl bl {dgslud{"lyrmkdìgcf{m {fbf ylblorl{ {dg frcmg gd {mgsdcf' [m yrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f!`rmgdl" k}lcrf{ cmamgkdlbm{ t fsrl{ `fral{ cm cmsmrdfrf'

Yrfndbdclc> Mb ymg{ladmgsf" {dg ymrcmr {} `dglbdclc" cl }g {dg g}amrf cmrfcmf{" yfr gf yfcmr {mylrlr bf m{mgkdlb cm bf{ cmslbbm{ {dg dayfrslgkdl{'[m yrm{mgsl mg rmslrcf{ amgslbm{" k}lcrf{ cmamgkdlbm{ t fsrf{ {ágcrf!am{ frhìgdkf{'

Ymr{mrpmrlkdûg> Cd`dk}bslc ylrl klaodlr cm smal }gl pm~ |}m {m eltlsrlslcf }gf' Mb ylkdmgsm p}mbpm }gl t fsrl pm~ lb ad{af smal" l}g|}m blkfgpmr{lkdûg hmgmrlb srlsm cm fsrf{ l{}gsf{' [m yrm{mgsl mg fbdhf`rmgdl{"cmamgkdl{" {ágcrfam kmrmorlb frhìgdkf krûgdkf" {ágcrfam{ cmbdrlgsm{ tcmyrm{dpf{ mg rmblkdûg kfg cmbdrdf{ t yrmfk}ylkdfgm{'

M{smrmfsdydl> _mymsdkdûg l}sfaìsdkl f day}b{dpl cm dcml{ f `rl{m{ mg mbk}r{f cmb ymg{ladmgsf" {dg |}m smghlg rmblkdûg kfg m{sm' [m yrm{mgsl mgbl cmamgkdl" rmsrl{f amgslb t mg bl m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

Pmrodhmrlkdûg cmb ymg{ladmgsf> Kfg{d{sm mg |}m bm ylkdmgsm rmydsm"c}rlgsm cál{" f am{m{" bl{ ad{al{ ylblorl{ f `rl{m{" {dg gdghþg {mgsdcf'

CMBD_DF>

Cmbdrdf{> Mb cmbdrdf kfg{sds}tm }g l{ymksf cmb lkfgsmkmr y{dkûsdkf sfslb'Ed{sûrdklamgsm el {dcf }gf cm bf{ aì{ `l{kdglgsm{ t `}gclamgslbm{ |}mel yblgsmlcf bl y{dkfylsfbfhál'





Msdafbûhdklamgsm> Cmbdrdf 1 CmbdrlrmCmbdrdf {m y}mcm }sdbd~lr mg cf{ {mgsdcf{>

<' Lbsmrlkdfgm{ mg bl{ rmblkdfgm{ cmb Tf!A}gcf' Mud{sm }g kla!odf cm bl{ kfgpdkkdfgm{ t {dhgd`dklkdfgm{ cm bl rmlbdclc' Yfrmbbf {m kfg{dcmrl }g srl{sfrgf cmb kfgsmgdcf cmb ymg{ladmgsf'

?' [ágcrfam kfg l`mkslkdûg cm bl kfgkdmgkdl" cm{frdmgslkdûg tlhdslkdûg y{m}cfymrkmykdfgm{' %CMBD_D]A S_MAMG[$

Klrlksmrá{sdkl{ musmrgl{ cm bl dcml cmbdrlgsm><' Dgsmg{l kfgpdkkdûg {}onmsdpl?' Dgd`b}mgkdlobm;' Dgkfrrmhdobm

Klrlksmrá{sdkl{ hmgmrlbm{ cmb Cmbdrdf

<' Yärcdcl cmb n}dkdf c bl rmlbdclc?' Kfgsmgdcf kl{d {dmayrm dayf{dobm m drrmlb;' [m kfgpdmrsm mg mb mnm cm bl pdcl'

Cm`dgdkdûg> M{ mb rm{}bslcf cm }gl yrf`}gcl lbsmrlkdûg cm bl ymr{fglbd!

clc |}m yrfc}km }gl yärcdcl cmb n}dkdf cm bl rmlbdclc bf |}m elkm |}m

}gl dcml mrrûgml {ml sfalcl t lkmyslcl kfaf pmrclcmrl" kfg dgsmg{l

kfgpdkkdûg {}onmsdpl" dgd`b}mgkdlobm m dgkfrrmhdobm" cm{ybmhìgcf{m el{slkfgpmrsdr{m mg }g l}smgsdkf {d{smal cm dcml{ |}m {m kfgpdmrsmg mg mb mnm

cm bl pdcl t cm bl mud{smgkdl cmb cmbdrlgsm'

Mpfb}kdûg cm bf{ cmbdrdf{

<' [mhþg mb sdmayf>l' Lh}cf %cál{" {malgl{ f ylr cm am{m{$o' Krûgdkf %Cmbdrdf ymr{d{sm kfg dh}lb dgsmg{dclc l bf

blrhf cmb sdmayf" l amcdcl |}m {m pl krfgd`dklgcf"

bl `}mr~l fymrlgsm {form bl kfgc}ksl pl cd{adg}tmg!cf$

?' Frdhmg

l' Yrdalrdf{ %Yrdadsdpf{> rmyrm{mgslg mb kfadmg~f cm blmg`mramclc t yfr bf slgsf kfg{sds}tmg sfcl bl l`mk!kdûg'

o' [mk}gclrdf{ %Lylrmkmg {mk}gclrdf{ l }gl mg`mram!clc yrmpdl" y{á|}dkl f {faìsdkl yfr mnmaybf: rmlk!kdûg ylrlgfdcm" m{slcf{ yf{s!dg`mkkdf{f{" yf{s!srl}aìsdkf{" f cm frdhmg sûudkf" pl{k}blr f s}afrlb$

;' [mhþg {} m{sr}ks}rll' [d{smalsd~lcf{




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál ?=

Klrlksmrá{sdkl{><' ]gdclc cmb gþkbmf cmbdrlgsm

?' Dgplrdlodbdclc cmb smal;' Kfgsdg}dclc mg mb sdmayf3' Drrmc}ksdodbdclc lgsm k}lb|}dmr dgsmgsf cm

ymr{}l{dûg rm{ymksf l bf mrrûgmf cmb ymg!{ladmgsf {}{smgslcf'

=' Pmrf{dadbds}c cmb rmblsf0' Frhlgd~lkdûg kfemrmgsm cm sfcf mb kfgn}g!

sf cmbdrlgsm'

o' Gf {d{smalsd~lcf{ %Jrlmymbdg & Alhglg$Klrlksmrá{sdkl{>

<' A}bsdybdkdclc cm gþkbmf{ %yfbdafr`f{$?' Plrdlodbdclc cmb smal;' Pmr{lsdbdclc cm bl{ dcml{3' Lo{}rcdcm~'

Amklgd{af{ cm bf{ cmbdrdf{Sdyf Klrlksmrá{sdkl{

Dgsmryrmslsdpf

_mlbd~l `lb{l{ dgsmryrmslkdfgm{ cm emkef{ rmlbm{ fomcmkdmgcf

l bl klrhl l`mksdpl %klslsdadl$ t cm{ybl~lgcf lb yblgf dgsmbmk!s}lb

Lb}kdglsfrdf

Bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{ {mg{frdlbm{ t kmgm{sä{dkl{ cm{maymülg }gylymb dayfrslgsm mg mb amklgd{af cm bf{ cmbdrdf{' M{ aì{`rmk}mgsm mg m{slcf{ lh}cf{ %sûudkf{$' Mg bl{ `fral{ cmbdrlg!sm{ krûgdkl{ gf kfg{sds}tmg }g ylymb cmsmradglgsm'

DalhdglsdpfMulbslkdûg ylsfbûhdkl cm bl dalhdglkdûg kfg yärcdcl cmb n}dkdf cm bl rmlbdclc t l}{mgkdl cm bl krásdkl n}cdklsdpl |}mcmsmradgl bl lkmyslkdûg cm sfcf bf dalhdglcf kfaf rmlb'

Dgs}dsdpf

[m cl yfr amcdf cm bl{ dgs}dkdfgm{ {þodsl{ |}m h}lrclg sfcllylrdmgkdl cm }gl pmrclc y}rl' Elt cm{pdlkdûg cmb n}dkdf" gf

elt cd{krdadglkdûg bûhdkl t sfcf bf |}m m{ dgs}dcf dgsmhrl mbkfgsmgdcf ylsfbûhdkf cmb ymg{ladmgsf'

Db}{frdf Bl{ db}{dfgm{ kfgsrdo}tmg l bl yrfhrm{dûg cm }gl lksdpdclccmbdrlgsm

[}hm{sdpfKfg{d{sm mg bl mblofrlkdûg kfg`lo}blsfrdl rmlbd~lcl lgsm }gl{daybm {}hmrmgkdl f dg{dg}lkdûg'

FgárdkfMgs}roladmgsf krfgfbûhdkf cm bl kfgkdmgkdl yfr sûudkf{"dg`mkkdfgm{ f srl}al{' [m fo{mrplg lb}kdglkdfgm{ %l}cdsdpl{"pd{}lbm{ t kmgm{sä{dkl{$ kfg }gl klrhl l`mksdpl'

Sdyf{ cm cmbdrdf{ {mhþg mb kfgsmgdcf><' Yblkmgsmrl{

l' Lbsr}d{sl{o' Amhlbfalgálkl{k' Am{dìgdkl{





c' Aá{sdkl{?' Cd{yblkmgsmrl{

l' Edyfkfgcrálkl{o' Cm gmhlkdûgk' _}dglc' K}bylodbdclcm' Ymr{mk}sfrdl

Sdyf{ cm cmbdrdf{ {mhþg mb gþamrf cm dcml{><' Dcml{ cmbdrlgsm{ þgdkl{

?' Cmbdrdf{ yfbdafr`f{'

Hrlcf cm pmrf{dadbds}c Cmbdrdf {d{smaìsdkf Cmbdrdf `dramamgsm m{sr}ks}rlcf" {} `}mgsm cm frdhmg {}mbm elbblr{mmg pdpmgkdl{ laodmgslbm{ t kdrk}g{slgkdl{ lylrmgsmamgsm rmlbm{" bf|}m yrmkd{lamgsm elkm |}m {mlg pmrf{áadbm{'

Cmbdrdf l{d{smalsd~lcf

[dg gþkbmf kmgsrlb f `dnfAûpdbm{ %yrfsmd`fram{$

[m klrlksmrd~lg yfr mb kfgsmgdcf lo{}rcf t el{sl `lgsì{sdkf'

SDYFBFHÁL CM BF[ CMBD_DF[>

D' Cmbdrdf{ mg bl{ y{dkf{d{ kfg `}gclamgsf {faìsdkf{<' Muûhmgf{?' Frhìgdkf{

Muûhmgf{> [fg cmbdrdf{ lh}cf{ l amklgd{af fgárdkf" m{ cmkdr |}m" lylrsm cm bl kfg`}{dûg kfg bl {dh}dmgsm cm{frdmgslkdûg smayfrf!m{ylkdlb"

yrm{mgslg alrklcl lksdpdclc lb}kdglsfrdl" m{ymkdlbamgsm pd{}lb %lb}kdgl!kdfgm{ pd{}lbm{$ {fg `rmk}mgsm{ bdbdy}sdmg{m{" msk'" t kfg rm{fglgkdll`mksdpl" kfg mukdslkdûg afsrd~" y}mcmg lhrmhlr{m lb}kdglkdfgm{ l}cdsd!pl{ t kmgm{sä{dkl{' Bf{ smal{ cm m{sf{ cmbdrdf{ {fg plrdlcf{" tmgcfcm{cm bf{ sdyf{ smrrfrá`dkf{ l bf{ fk}ylkdfglbm{ t el{sl bf{ aá{sdkf{ tmrûsdkf{'Mb ylkdmgsm {}mbm yrm{mgslr lagm{dl sfslb f ylrkdl" cmb myd{fcdf" t gf m{rlrf |}m mb rmadsdr mb k}lcrf" |}mcmg dcml{ `dnl{ f rm{dc}lbm{ fgárdkl{c}rlgsm }g sdmayf'

Msdfbfhál><' Dgsfudklkdfgm{ %lbkfefbd{af" sfudkfalgál{$?' Mydbmy{dl;' Yrfkm{f{ pl{k}blrm{ kmrmorlbm{





3' Srl}al{ y{á|}dkf{ pdfbmgsf{ %klylkm{ cm yrfpfklr cm cm{sr}k!kdûg cm bl kfgkdmgkdl$

Frhìgdkf{> A}m{srl }gl m{sr}ks}rl k}tl ol{m m{ mb {ágcrfam y{dkffrhì!gdkf f cmodbdsladmgsf cm bl ymr{fglbdclc" {m mgsrmam~kblg mbmamgsf{kfg`}{dfglbm{ t lb}kdglsfrdf{ kfg l|}mbbf{ yrfpmgdmgsm{ cmb {ágcrfamy{dkffrhìgdkf" clgcf b}hlr l cmbdrdf{ alb {d{smalsd~lcf{ t yfbdafr`f{:{m lhrmhlg `rmk}mgsm{ kfg`lo}blkdfgm{ mg bf{ cm sdyf lagä{dkf kfg mb `dgcm rmbbmglr bl{ lagm{dl{ blk}glrm{ sáydkl{ cm m{sf{ k}lcrf{'

Msdfbfhál><' Cmamgkdl {mgdb

?' Cmamgkdl lsmrf{kbmrûsdkl;' Cmamgkdl cm Ydkj %yrm!{mgdb$3' Yrm{odf`rmgdl cm Xmrgdkjm=' Mydbmy{dl0' Srl}alsd{af{ krlgmfmgkm`ìbdkf{8' S}afrm{ kmrmorlbm{

DD' Cmbdrdf{ mg bl{ y{dkf{d{ mgcûhmgl{

<'

Cmbdrdf{ yrfkm{lbm{l' M{|}d~fylrlgfdcmo' Ylrl`rmgdl{

?' Cmbdrdf{ L`mksdpf{

l' Cmyrm{dûg amblgkûbdklo' Algál

DDD' Cmbdrdf{ rmlksdpf ‛ {ds}lkdfglbm{

<' _mlkkdfgm{ cmbdrlgsm{?' Cm{lrrfbbf{ cmbdrlgsm{

Cmomrì cm kfg{dcmrlr bl a}bsdybdkdclc cm bf{ `lksfrm{ mgsrm mbbf{>l$ Hmgäsdkf ‛ kfg{sds}kdfglbo$ Odf|}áadkf{k$ Bm{dfglbm{c$ Y{dkfcdgìadkf{m$ [ds}lkdfglbm{

Dcml{ Cmbdrlgsm{ Yrdalrdl{> [fg sfcl{ bl{ dcml{ m|}dpfklcl{ {formpm!gdcl{ yfr pál ylsfbûhdkl t rm{d{smgsm l bl lrh}amgslkdûg' K}tl{ klrlksm!rá{sdkl{ {fg>

<' @lb{l %dcml mrrûgml$ ?' Drrmpmr{dobm l sfcl lrh}amgslkdûg bûhdkl





;' Afcd`dklg bl kfgc}ksl3' M{slobmkm yfr pál ylsfbûhdkl

=' Gf cmrdplg cm fsrl{ algd`m{slkdfgm{ y{dkfylsfbûhdkl{0' Dgkfayrmg{dobm{

Kbl{d`dklkdûg cm bl{ dcml{ cmbdrlgsm{ yrdalrdl{ %J}rs [kegmdcmr$<' E}afr cmbdrlgsm> Mb e}afr cmbdrlgsm f srmal elkm rm`mrmg!

kdl l }g m{slcf cm ìgdaf m{ymkdlb klrlksmrd~lcf yfr }gl lksd!s}c cm ymrybmndclc" muymkslkdûg" lgsm bl rmlbdclc musmrdfr" |}mkfgbbmpl bl pdpmgkdl cm |}m bl{ kf{l{ {}mbmg ymrcmr {} {dhgd`d!klcf" {dg bbmhlr mb ylkdmgsm l klyslr |}m y}mcm {dhgd`dklr" ymrfkfg bl kmrsm~l cm |}m m{sì mg rmblkdûg kfg äb ad{af'

?' Ymrkmykdûg cmbdrlgsm> M{ bl lsrdo}kdûg cm }g {dhgd`dklcf g}m!pf" hmgmrlbamgsm l}sfrrm`mrmgkdlb" l }g fonmsf gfralbamgsmymrkdodcf' Mg ylkdmgsm mg mb afamgsf cm ymrkdodr mb fonmsf bfpdgk}bl kfg }g {dhgd`dklcf lo{fb}slamgsm cm{kfgsmus}lbd~lcfcmb fonmsf' %yrm{mgsdadmgsf l}sfrrm`mrmgkdlb$

;' Fk}rrmgkdl cmbdrlgsm> [m srlsl cm bl kmrsm~l {þodsl cm klrìksmrcmbdrlgsm" {dg |}m amcdm ymrkmykdûg lbh}gl' L|}á mb `mgûamgf{m yrfc}km l gdpmb cmb ymg{ladmgsf {dg dgsmrpmgkdûg cm bl ymr!kmykdûg'

3'

Dgsmryrmslkdûg cmbdrlgsm> Kfg{d{sm mg bl plbfrlkdûg cmbdrlgsmcm emkef{" dcml{" lks}lkdfgm{ } fsrf{ `mgûamgf{ y{á|}dkf{ kf!rrmksf{' Mb {}nmsf m{slobmkm kfgmudfgm{ mgsrm plrdf{ lkfgsmkd!admgsf{ yrm{mgsm{ t yl{lcf{" yfr bf |}m {}yfgm }g srlolnf cmmblofrlkdûg aì{ kfaybmnl |}m mg mb kl{f cm bl fk}rrmgkdl f blymrkmykdûg cmbdrlgsm'

=' _myrm{mgslkdûg cmbdrlgsm> Slaodäg cmgfadglcl rmk}mrcf{cmbdrlgsm{' M{ clr }g {dhgd`dklcf g}mpf l }g rmk}mrcf" cm`fral |}m mb mg`mraf dgsmryrmsl mb yl{lcf kfg }gl kfg`dh}rl!kdûg cmbdrlgsm'

Dcml{ Cmbdrlgsm{ {mk}gclrdl{ %cmbdrfdcm{$> Kfgsdmgmg sfcl{ bl{ klrlksm!rá{sdkl{ cm bl{ dcml{ cmbdrlgsm{ yrdalrdl{ l mukmykdûg cm |}m {dmayrm {mcmrdplg cm algd`m{slkdfgm{ y{dkfylsfbûhdkl{ cm fsrl ágcfbm" gf afcd`d!klg bl kfgc}ksl t {fg kfayrmg{dobm{ y{dkfbûhdklamgsm'

Dcml `dnl> Bl dcml `dnl yrfpdmgm cm }gl pdpmgkdl yblkmgsmrl f cd{yblkmgsm!rl t {m klrlksmrd~l yfr bf{ {dh}dmgsm{ mbmamgsf{>

<' H}lrcl rmblkdûg kfg bl pdpmgkdl |}m lslüm cdrmkslamgsm l bl

ymr{fgl?' [m rm`dmrm" mg kfg{mk}mgkdl l }g emkef pdpdcf yfr mb {}nmsf"{ml mg frcmg `ladbdlr" blofrlb" k}bs}rlb" kdmgsá`dkf {fkdf yfbásd!kf" msk'

;' Gf ymrs}rol mb rm{sf cmb ymg{ladmgsf





3' M{ pfb}gslrdl" yfr bf slgsf" lkmyslcl kfaf rmlb yfr mb n}dkdfkrásdkf'

=' Mb ‒tf kfgkdmgsm‑ gf b}kel kfgsrl bl dcml `dnl" gf bl rmkel~l" tmg kfg{mk}mgkdl gf {}{kdsl lgh}{sdl'

0' Bl dcml m{ rmksd`dklobm yfr bl {lgl bûhdkl mg rl~g cm |dm mb n}d!kdf krásdkf ymralgmkm dgcmagm'

8' Gf kfgcdkdfgl bl kfgc}ksl cmb {}nmsf5' Bl klrhl mafkdfglb yrfydl cm bl pdpmgkdl hmgmrlcfrl sdmgcm l

lsmg}lr{m f cd{dylr{m kfg mb sdmayf" {ml yfr bl cm{lylrdkdûg cmbl dcml `dnl f yfr bl {fb}kdûg cmb emkef |}m bl y}{f mg alrkel'

4' [m cl mg ymr{fgl{ gfralbm{ t lgfralbm{'

Dcml {formplbfrlcl %Xmrgdkjm$> Bf{ mg`mraf{ pmg mg mbbl{ bl muyrm{dûgcm {} {mr aì{ dgsdaf t lb b}kelr yfr mbbl{ mayrmgcmg mg rmlbdclc }glb}kel yfr bl yrfydl ymr{fglbdclc' L amg}cf {m mgk}mgsrlg alrsdrd~lgsm{t bf{ mg`mraf{ {m |}mnlg |}m gf y}mcmg ymg{lr mg fsrl kf{l' [dg maolr!hf {m kfg{dcmrlg gfralbm{ t n}{sd`dklcl{' Cmrdplg cm rmk}mrcf{ cm lbh}!gl muymrdmgkdl ylrsdk}blramgsm l`mksdpl'

<' Bl afsdplkdûg yrfpdmgm cm pdpmgkdl{ y{dkfsrl}aìsdkl{"?' [m dg{slbl yfr pfb}gslc cmb {}nmsf'

;'

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cd`mrmgsm kfaf m{ }{}lb mg fsrl{ db}{dfgm{'

Fsrf mbmamgsf m{mgkdlb mg m{sm sdyf cm lbsmrlkdûg m{ {} klrìksmr cdgìad!kf" m{ cmkdr" |}m mb ylkdmgsm ymrkdom bl lbsmrlkdûg mg afpdadmgsf" {m





fo{mrpl kfaf pl krmkdmgcf" {m mgkfhm f {m cm`fral mb fonmsf' M{ dgsmrm!{lgsm mb klrìksmr {mbmksdpf cm bl ymrkmykdûg m }gf f plrdf{ fonmsf{ f

ylrsm{ cm mbbf{' Mb srl{sfrgf m{ srlg{dsfrdf" kfaf elkm {}yfgmr {} klrìksmrcdgìadkf" ymrf {}mbm rmymsdr{m' Yfr bf hmgmrlb m{ }g `mgûamgf pd{}lb'

[m yrm{mgsl mg cd`mrmgsm{ lbsmrlkdfgm{ frhìgdkl{" cm msdfbfhál `}gclamg!slbamgsm dg`mkkdf{l" s}afrlb" cd{rásadkl" msk'" |}m l`mksl cm algmrlyrdgkdylbamgsm" bl{ rmhdfgm{ smayfrfylrdmslbm{ cmb kmrmorf t lbh}gl{ìrml{ kmgsrfmgkm`ìbdkl{' Slaodäg y}mcmg lyrmkdlr{m mg k}lcrf{ cd{fkdl!sdpf{ cmb gdpmb yrf`}gcf" l}g|}m mg m{sf{ kl{f{ y}mcm kfg{slslr{m }g

{mgsdcf t {dhgd`dklkdûg mg rmblkdûg kfg bf{ mbmamgsf{ yrfc}ksfrm{ cm blkrd{d{" t }gl lksds}c cmb ylkdmgsm elkdl mb {ágsfal aì{ yrfydl cm ymr{fgl!bdclcm{ dgalc}rl{ m ed{särdkl{'

Lbsmrlkdûg cmb m{|}mal kfryfrlb> M{ }gl `fral cm db}{dûg a}t m{srm!kelamgsm rmblkdfglcl kfg bf lgsmrdfr" mg bl |}m bl cm`fralkdûg {m rmbl!kdfgl kfg mb yrfydf k}mryf cmb mg`mraf' MG mbbl sfcf mb k}mryf f ylrsmcm äb' Yfr bf kfaþg bl klrl" admaorf{ f hmgdslbm{" l}amgslg f cd{adg}!tmgcf cm slalüf" f {m cm`fralg' Kfaf mg mb srl{sfrgf lgsmrdfr" mb yl!

kdmgsm rmkfgfkm {} k}mryf" l}g|}m bf ymrkdom cm`fralcf" bf |}m bm krml}gl hrlg lgh}{sdl' Mb mg`mraf" mg fkl{dfgm{" y}mcm kfrrmhdr mb mrrfrymrkmys}lb kfg bl lt}cl cm fsrf{ {mgsdcf{ ‛ ylbyìgcf{m f adrìgcf{m mg mbm{ymnf ‛ " ymrf mg lbh}gf{ afamgsf{ slaodäg ymrkdom bl cm`fralkdûg kfgm{sf{' M{ yf{dobm |}m {m algd`dm{sm kfg }g cm{lrrfbbf cdgìadkf" cm al!gmrl |}m mb ylkdmgsm muymrdamgsl kfaf {m pl yrfc}kdmgcf bl srlg{`fr!alkdûg" l}g|}m m{sf gf m{ slg `rmk}mgsm kfaf mg bl amslafr`f{d{'

[m yrm{mgsl mg ylkdmgsm{ kfg lbsmrlkdfgm{ cm kfgkdmgkdl cm sdyf kfg`}{ffgárdkf" cm cmbdrd}a t fgdrfdcm{" t mg k}lcrf{ cmbdrlgsm{ ylrlgfdcm{kfaf m{|}d~f`rmgdl: lcmaì{ emaf{ pd{sf }g kl{f mg }gl y{dkf{d{ lh}cl'

Db}{dûg ymrkmykdûg cmb sdmayf> M{sm srl{sfrgf kfg{d{sm mg }gl lyrmkdl!kdûg mrrûgml cmb sdmayf srlg{k}rrdcf' Mb emkef {m yrfc}km cm algmrlgfralb" l}g|}m kfg amgfr dgsmg{dclc" mg rmblkdûg kfg l{ymksf{ afsdpl!kdfglbm{' M{ cm sfcf{ kfgfkdcf |}m k}lgcf rmlbd~laf{ }gl slrml smcdf{lf cm{lhrlclobm" gf{ ylrmkm |}m mb sdmayf gf srlg{k}rrm" fk}rrdmgcf bf

kfgsrlrdf mg mb kl{f dgpmr{f'





Lb}kdglkdûg> [fg ymrkmykdfgm{ {dg fonmsf |}m bl{ yrfpf|}m' M{ bl ymr!kmykdûg cm m{sáa}bf{ mud{smgsm{: yfr mnmaybf" elodmgcf {dbmgkdf" {m krmm

m{k}kelr }gl pf~' Mb {}nmsf {m {dmgsm {mh}rf cm |}m {} ymrkmykdûg m{kfrrmksl' Bl lb}kdglkdûg m{ }gf cm bf{ {ágsfal{ aì{ dayfrslgsm{ cmgsrfcm bl y{d|}dìsrdkl" yfr {} plbfr {madfbûhdkf t yfr mb emkef |}m m{ }g{dhgf cm ylsfbfhál" {lbpf lbh}gl{ mukmykdfgm{ |}m amgkdfglrmaf{'

Bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{ {m klrlksmrd~lg yfr|}m>

<' [m yrftmkslg lb musmrdfr?' Yrfc}kmg }gl dayrm{dûg cm rmlbdclc dgcd{k}sdobm;' Sdmgmg }g daylksf {form mb ylkdmgsm k}lbdslsdplamgsm cd`mrmgsm

t a}kef altfr |}m bl{ ymrkmykdfgm{ gfralbm{'3' H}álg bl kfgc}ksl'

Lb}kdglkdfgm{ `}gkdfglbm{> [fg cm sdyf m{ymkdlb cm lb}kdglkdûg |}m {myrfc}km k}lgcf mb {}nmsf ymrkdom fsrf m{sáa}bf t lcmaì{ bl lb}kdglkdûg'Mb ylkdmgsm ftm }g pm~ k}lgcf {dmgsm mb sdaorm cmb smbä`fgf" {dg maorlhfymrkdom kblrlamgsm mb sdaorm mg `fral dgcmymgcdmgsm cm bl pf~" l}g|}m

lb ad{af sdmayf'

Bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{ {m cd`mrmgkdlg cm bl dalhdglkdûg mg |}m> bl{ lb}kdgl!

kdfgm{ {m ymrkdom kfg }gl k}lbdclc fonmsdpl" admgsrl{ |}m bl dalhdgl!

kdûg {m ymrkdom mg `fral {}onmsdpl" t bl{ yrdamrl{ {m rm`dmrmg lb m{ylkdf

musmrgf" bl{ {mh}gcl{ lb dgsmrgf: bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{ yrm{mgsl `rm{kfr t

rd|}m~l {mg{frdlb" bl lbsmrlkdûg m{ ymrkdodcl mg `fral pdpdcl t kfg

cmslbbm{" admgsrl{ |}m mg bl dalhdglkdûg gf" bl{ daìhmgm{ {m yrm{mgslg

mg `fral cd`}{l: bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{ {fg dgpfb}gslrdl{" gf y}mcmg {mr

cdrdhdcl{" bl dalhdglkdûg m{ l bl dgpmr{l'

Bl{ rmyrm{mgslkdfgm{ agäadkl{ {m cd`mrmgkdlg mg |}m bl{ lb}kdglkdfgm{kfaf emaf{ pd{sf" {fg ymrkdodcl{ mg mb musmrdfr kfaf {á }g m{sáa}bflks}lrl mg mb afamgsf kfg sfcf {} `rm{kfr t rd|}m~l {mg{frdlb" bf |}m`lbsl mg bl rmyrm{mgslkdûg agäadkl'

[m kbl{d`dklg {mhþg>

<' Mb ûrhlgf l`mkslcf> l}cdsdpl{" pd{}lbm{" sìksdbm{" fb`lsdpl{ th}{slsdpl{'

?' [mhþg {} kfaybmndclc> [daybm{ t kfaybmnl{





Lb}kdglkdfgm{ bdbdy}sdmg{m{ %Bmrft$> [m klrlksmrd~lg yfr|}m mb mg`mrafgf ymrkdom lbsmrlkdfgm{ mg bf{ fonmsdpf{ cmb laodmgsm |}m bf rfcml" {dg

maolrhf" fo{mrpl mgsrm mbbf{ }gf{ ymr{fglnm{ adgþ{k}bf{" kl{d {dmayrmmg afpdadmgsf' M{sm sdyf cm lbsmrlkdûg m{ yrfydf cm bl{ dgsfudklkdfgm{yfr lsrfydgl" l}g|}m y}mcm pmr{m mg fsrf{ srl{sfrgf{ sûudkf{ t amsloûbd!kf{'

Adkrfy{dl> Mb ylkdmgsm ymrkdom maym|}mümkdcf{ sfcf{ bf{ fonmsf{ cmblaodmgsm" srl{sfrgf |}m {m el {mülblcf {m yrm{mgsl mg ylkdmgsm{ ed{särd!kf{'

Lb}kdglkdfgm{ cm cfobm %l}sf{kfydl musmrgl$> Kfg{d{sm mg |}m mb {}nmsf{m fo{mrpl l {á ad{af l }g cfobm cm äb" mg mb m{ylkdf musmrgf'

Lb}kdgf{d{> Ymrkmykdûg {dg }g fonmsf |}m bl m{sda}bm ymrf |}m mb dgcdpd!c}f rmkfgfkm kfaf kfg{mk}mgkdl cm }gl lbsmrlkdûg" m{ cmkdr" mb dgcdpd!c}f sdmgm kfgkdmgkdl cm |}m m{ yrfc}ksf cm {} mg`mramclc t g bl kfg{d!cmrl }g emkef rmlb'

Y{m}cflb}kdglkdfgm{> [fg rmyrm{mgslkdfgm{ dalhdglrdl{ |}m yfr {}musmrgl pdpm~l lc|}dmrmg bl klsmhfrál cm ymrkmykdûg rmlb' Lylrmkmg mg mbklayf {mg{frdlb dgsmrgf cmb dgcdpdc}f t gf mg mb musmrgf' [m kfgfkmgkfaf pd{}lbm{ ‛ dalhdgm{ dgsmrdfrm{ ‛ t l}cdsdpl{ ‛ pfkm{ dgsmrdfrm{' Y}m!cmg yrm{mgslr{m mg bl m{|}d~f`rmgdl" mg bl |}m" l cd`mrmgkdl cm bl{ lb}kd!glkdfgm{" lylrmkm cm{cm mb kfadmg~f cmb yrfkm{f' Slaodäg {m lyrmkdlgmg k}lcrf{ cmbdrlgsm{ lh}cf{ t krûgdkf{ t m{ }g kfayfgmgsm cmb {ágcrf!am l}sfalsd{af y{á|}dkf

KFGKDMGKDL

Bl kfgkdmgkdl m{ bl yrfydmclc cm l alsmrdl lbslamgsm frhlgd~lcl cmrm`bmnlr mb a}gcf musmrgf mg `fral cm daìhmgm{ dcmlbm{' Yfr m{sl yrf!ydmclc" mb efaorm m{ klyl~ cm srlg{`fralr mb amcdf mg `}gkdûg cm `dgm{f yrfyû{dsf{ yrmpdlamgsm cmsmradglcf{ ?'

Bl kfgkdmgkdl m{ }g m{slcf cm kfgfkdadmgsf cm }gf ad{af t cmb mgsfrgf%@d{e$' M{ bl {ágsm{d{ |}m mb dgcdpdc}f rmlbd~l cm {}{ lksdpdclcm{ ymrkmy!sdpl{" dgsmbmks}lbm{ l`mksdpl{ t afsfrl{ %[}ssmr$





^fgl{ gfralbm{ cm bl kfgkdmgkdl>

<' ^fgl kfg{kdmgsm> m{ bl ~fgl aì{ ym|}mül t cm altfr gdsdcm~'?' ^fgl {}okfg{kdmgsm> M{ l|}mbbl |}m ofrcml l bl ~fgl kfg{kdmg!

sm" |}m aì{ `ìkdbamgsm y}mcm yl{lr l ä{sl';' ^fgl dgkfg{kdmgsm> M{sl ~fgl m{sì `}mrl cm bl kfgkdmgkdl: ä{sl

þbsdal gf y}mcm lbklg~lr gdghþg fonmsdpf cm m{sl ~fgl" gd of!rrf{lamgsm'

Cdamg{dfgm{ cm bl kfgkdmgkdl>

Srm{ mnm{ yrdgkdylbm{>

<' Pdhdblgkdl{fagfbmgkdl?' B}kdcm~ %kblrdclc$Fog}odblkdûg;' Kfgkdmgkdl cm }gf ad{af'

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lgsdslsdpl{ cm bl kfgkdmgkdl

<' Kfgkdmgkdl edymrbþkdcl?' Fog}odblkdûg;' Kfgkdmgkdl fgdrfdcm3' Kfgkdmgkdl krmy}{k}blr=' Kfgkdmgkdl fgárdkl0' Kfgkdmgkdl kfg`}{dfglb8' Kfal

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lbdslsdpl{> [fg srl{sfrgf{ mg bl l}sfkfgkdmgkdl t {m fo!

{mrplg mg sfcl{ bl{ ylsfbfhál{ mg |}m {m yrfc}km altfr f amgfr cm{m{!sr}ks}rlkdûg cm bl ymr{fglbdclc'

L}sfkfgkdmgkdl> m{ mb l{ymksf cm bl kfgkdmgkdl |}m elkm |}m mb dgcdpd!c}f {m kfgf~kl l {á ad{af kfaf {}nmsf cm bl kfgkdmgkdl" |}dmrm m{sfcmkdr |}m" yfr amcdf cm mbbl" mb {}nmsf kfayrmgcm t kfgsrfbl {}{ lksdpd!clcm{" bf{ afsdpf{ cm {} kfgc}ksl" cm {}{ {mgsdadmgsf{" pdpmgkdl{ msk'

Dgkfg{kdmgsm> Kfayrmgcm l{ymksf{ cm bl pdcl y{á|}dkl |}m gf {fg kfgf!kdcf{ yfr bl l}sfkfg{kdmgkdl f bf {fg {ûbf mg kdmrsl amcdcl'

Kfal> Ymrcdcl sfslb cm bl kfgkdmgkdl' [m yrm{mgsl mg lbsmrlkdfgm{ frhì!gdkl{'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál 3<

Kfgkdmgkdl kfg`}{dfglb> Mud{smg {mrdl{ cd`dk}bslcm{ ymrkmys}lbm{ t cmymg{ladmgsf" {m yrm{mgslg lb}kdglkdfgm{' Mb mg`mraf m{sì cm{frdmgslcf t

{} lksdpdclc m{ dgkffrcdglcl'

Kfgkdmgkdl fgárdkl> Lbsmrlkdfgm{ amgf{ yrf`}gcl{" mud{smg hrlg rd|}m!~l lb}kdglsfrdl kfg yrmcfadgdf pd{}lb" cmbdrd}a t lhdslkdûg afsrd~'Mud{smg slaodäg cm{frdmgslkdûg m dayfrslgsm{ lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb ymg{l!admgsf" |}m kfayrmgcm cmbdrdf{ lh}cf{ {mk}gclrdf{ f cmbdrd}a{' Bllgh}{sdl m{ aì{ dgsmg{l t y}mcm bbmhlr l m{slcf{ cm yìgdkf" t mg bl lksd!pdclc a}m{srl" hmgmrlbamgsm" m{slcf{ cm lhdslkdûg' [m yrm{mgsl mg k}l!

crf{ dg`mkkdf{f{ t sûudkf{" srl}al{ krlgmfmgkm`ìbdkf{" mydbmy{dl" y{dkf!{d{ cm bf{ rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{ m ed{smrdl'

Kfgkdmgkdl krmy}{k}blr> Mb hrlcf cm amgfr lbsmrlkdûg" ymradsm kdmrsllksdpdclc aì{ f amgf{ kffrcdglcl' Bl klyslkdûg cmb a}gcf m{ r}cdamg!slrdl t m{sì `dbsrlcl yfr mb slad~ cm bl{ `lb{l{ ymrkmykdfgm{ t rmyrm{mgsl!kdfgm{ dalhdglsdpl{' [m yrm{mgsl mg mydbmy{dl t mg bl ed{smrdl'

Kfgkdmgkdl fgdrfdcm> [m klrlksmrd~l yfr }gl kfaodglkdûg cmb a}gcf

musmrgf" |}m ymrkdom {dg cd`dk}bslc" kfg bl `lgsl{ál {dg yärcdcl cm blfrdmgslkdûg' [m lkfaylül cm srl{sfrgf{ ymrkmys}lbm{' [m yrm{mgsl mgy{dkf{d{ lh}cl{ y{dkûhmgl{ t {ágcrfam{ fgdrfdcm{'

Kfgkdmgkdl fog}odblcl> [m lyrmkdl cd{krmsl cd`dk}bslc ylrl ymrkdodr mbamcdf laodmgsm t mg mb ymg{ladmgsf' [m yrm{mgsl mg dg`mkkdfgm{" dgsfud!klkdfgm{ t srl}al{'

Kfgkdmgkdl edymrbþkdcl> M{slcf cm kblrdclc musrmal' [m yrm{mgsl mg

dgsfudklkdfgm{ t {ágcrfam{ algálkf{'

F_DMGSLKDÛG

[m bblal frdmgslkdûg l }g kfaybmnf cm `}gkdfgm{ y{á|}dkl{ |}m gf{ymradsmg smgmr kfgkdmgkdl cm |}dmgm{ {faf{ t cm bl {ds}lkdûg rmlb mg bl|}m gf{ elbblaf{'

@lksfrm{ y{dkfbûhdkf{ cm bl frdmgslkdûg

<' Frdmgslkdûg mg mb kfgfkdadmgsf cm gf{fsrf{ ad{af{




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál 3?

?' Frdmgslkdûg cmg mb kfgfkdadmgsf cm bl {ds}lkdûg rmlb mg bl |}mgf{ elbblaf{

Frdmgslkdûg l}sfy{á|}dkl> gf{ ymradsm bl frdmgslkdûg {form g}m{srlyrfydl ymr{fgl' M{sl {m cdpdcm l {} pm~ mg frdmgslkdûg mg g}m{srl yrfydl

ymr{fgl" lsmgcdmgcf l {} ed{sfrdl t lb ylymb |}m cm{maymül mg {} amcdf{fkdlb" m{srmkelamgsm rmblkdfglcl kfg bl l}sfkfgkdmgkdl" t bl frdmgslkdûgelkdl {} ymr{fgl mg rmblkdûg kfg {}{ kfayfgmgsm{ {faìsdkf{ bblalclfrdmgslkdûg {falsfy{á|}dkl" bl k}lb yrm{sl lsmgkdûg l bl kfgkdmgkdl cmmg`mramclc f krásdkl cm mg`mramclc |}m yrm{mgsm mb {}nmsf'

Frdmgslkdûg lbfy{á|}dkl> {m cdpdcm mg:

<' Frdmgslkdûg mg mb sdmayf> sfal mg kfg{dcmrlkdûg mb kfgfkd!admgsf cmb {}nmsf" mb sdmayf mg mb |}m pdpm t {} rmblkdûg kfg mbyl{lcf t `}s}rf'

?' Frdmgslkdûg mg mb m{ylkdf> yrfydlamgsm cdkef> {m rm`dmrm l kf!af mb ylkdmgsm {m rmblkdfgl kfg mb m{ylkdf `á{dkf f hmfaäsrdkf'

;' Frdmgslkdûg mg mb b}hlr> lb kfgfkdadmgsf cmb b}hlr mg mb |}m {m

mgk}mgsrl t {} rmblkdûg kfg fsrf{ mg bf{ |}m {m cm{mgp}mbpmg'

Srl{sfrgf{ cm bl frdmgslkdûg> Mg bl ylsfbfhál {m ydmrcm yrdamrf blfrdmgslkdûg smayfrlb" cm{y}ä{ bl m{ylkdlb t yfr }bsdaf bl l}sfy{á|}dkl"{m rmk}ymrl l bl dgpmr{l'

<' Cm{frdmgslcf l}sfy{á|}dkl?' Cm{frdmgslkdûg lbfy{á|}dkl'

[m mgk}mgsrl lbsmrlcl mg>

<' Sfcf{ bf{ srl{sfrgf{ amgslbm{ |}m yrfc}kmg cmsmrdfrf yrfhrm!{dpf cm bl ymr{fglbdclc" ka k}lcrf{ cmamgkdlbm{ t fsrl{ mgsd!clcm{ cmsmrdfrlgsm{'

?' Sfcf{ bf{ srl{sfrgf{ |}m yrm{mgslg lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lgsdslsdpl{cm bl kfgkdmgkdl kfaf bf{ {ágcrfam{ kmrmorlbm{ lh}cf{'

Cm{rmlbd~lkdûg> Mb {}nmsf ymrkdom bf{ fonmsf{ cm bl rmlbdclc musmrdfr slgk}lb {fg" ymrf rmpm{sdcf{ cm }gl sfglbdclc cd`mrmgsm' [m yrm{mgsl mg

y{dkf{d{ frhìgdkl{ lh}cl{ kfg lbsmrlkdûg cm bl kfgkdmgkdl" m{|}d~f`rmgdl"y{dkf{d{ cmbdrlgsm{ lh}cl{ t krûgdkl{ m ed{smrdl'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál 3;

Cm{ymr{fglbd~lkdûg> Mb ylkdmgsm {m {dmgsm dgpìbdcf cm }g {mgsdadmgsfdg|}dmslgsm cm drrmlbdclc" bf |}m bf bbmpl l {mgsdr{m kfaf {d gf `}mrl bl

ad{al ymr{fgl' [m yrm{mgsl mg dh}lbm{ ylsfbfhál{ |}m mb srl{sfrgf lgsm!rdfr

LSMGKDÛG

Bl lsmgkdûg m{ mb amklgd{af y{dkfbûhdkf yfr mb k}lb" cm bl dg`dgdsl klgsd!clc cm m{sáa}bf{ |}m dayrm{dfglg lb {mr e}algf" m{sm {mbmkkdfgl }g

ym|}müf gþamrf |}m {m algsdmgm kfg aìudal kblrdclc t cm`dgdkdûg mgbl kfgkdmgkdl' Fsrf gþamrf altfr cm m{sáa}bf{" l}g|}m bbmhl l bl kfg!kdmgkdl" bf elkm cm }gl `fral cd`}{l m dayrmkd{l" t yfr þbsdaf" mb rm{sfcm bf{ m{sáa}bf{ gf {m elkmg kfg{kdmgsm{ lb dgcdpdc}f'

M{sl {mbmkkdûg afsdplcl yfr `lksfrm{ y{dkfbûhdkf{ {m rmlbd~l amcdlgsmamklgd{af gm}rf`d{dfbûhdkf{' M{sm amklgd{af hmgmrlb cm {mbmkkdûgy}mcm {mr cdpdcdcf mg srm{ l{ymksf{> bl lsmgkdûg lksdpl" lsmgkdûg yl{dpl telods}lkdûg'

Bl lsmgkdûg lksdpl m{ bl rm{yfg{lobm cm {mbmkkdfglr bf{ m{sáa}bf{ |}mbbmhlrìg l bl kfgkdmgkdl kfg aìudal kblrdclc" kfg{sds}tm }g amklgd{aflksdpf pfb}gslrdf" y}m{ mb {}nmsf bf cdrdhm cm lk}mrcf kfg {}{ gmkm{dcl!cm{ m dgsmrä{ t ylrl algsmgmrbf {m yrmkd{l cm m{`}mr~f f smg{dûg {form bf{m{sáa}bf{ m{ymká`dkf{ {mbmkkdfglcf{'

Bl lsmgkdûg yl{dpl f dgpfb}gslrdl m{ bl rm{yfg{lobm cm algsmgmr dg`fr!

alcf lb dgcdpdc}f" cm }gl `fral cd`}{l m dayrmkd{l" cm bf{ emkef{ |}mfk}rrmg mg mb laodmgsm' M{ bl |}m gf{ dg`fral cm bf |}m m{sl {}kmcdmgcfl g}m{srf lbrmcmcfr'

Bl elods}lkdûg m{ mb amklgd{af |}m elkm yf{dobm |}m bf{ m{sáa}bf{afgûsfgf{ f |}m gf {mlg {dhgd`dklsdpf{" cmnmg cm ymrkdodr{m t gf cd{srld!hlg lb {}nmsf cm }gl lksdpdclc cm`dgdcl'

K}lbdclcm{ cm bl lsmgkdûg>

<' Pdhdbdl> [m rm`dmrm l bl k}lbdclc cm m{slr lbmrsl" cm{ydmrsf" kl!ylkdslcf ylrl klyslr bf{ m{sáa}bf{ cmb a}gcf musmrdfr' Mb hrl!cf cm pdhdbdl cm }g dgcdpdc}f m{sì clcf yfr mb gþamrf t klbd!





clc cm bf{ m{sáa}bf{ |}m klysl t yfr bl yrmkd{dûg cm {}{ rmlk!kdfgm{ l mbbf{'

?' Smglkdclc > [m rm`dmrm l bl k}lbdclc cm bl lsmgkdûg cm algsm!gmr{m `dnl l }g ad{af fonmsdpf'

Cm m{sl{ cf{ k}lbdclcm{ {m cmrdplg srm{ lcnmsdpf{

Pdhdbdl SmglkdclcGfrafpdhdb Gfrafsmgl~Edymrpdhdb Edymrsmgl~Edyfpdhdb Edyfsmgl~

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ cm bl lsmgkdûg>

<' Edyfyrf{mudl?' Edymryrf{mudl;' Ylrlyrf{mudl

Edyfyrf{mudl> M{ }gl cd{adg}kdûg cm bl lsmgkdûg lksdpl |}m l`mkslslgsf l {} laybds}c kfaf l {} m{slodbdclc' [m yrm{mgsl mg {ágcrfam{cmyrm{dpf{ t l{sägdkf{" cmamgkdl{" rmsrl{f{ amgslbm{" sfcl{ bl{ mgsdclcm{|}m yrm{mgsmg srl{sfrgf{ cm kfgkdmgkdl" k}lcrf{ frhìgdkf{ t m{slcf cmlg{dmclc'

Edymryrf{mudl> L}amgsf cm bl lsmgkdûg lksdpl' [m yrm{mgsl mg {}nmsf{gfralbm{ kfg hrlg mgsmgcdadmgsf f rmlbd~lgcf lksdpdclcm{ a}t dgsmrm!{lgsm{ ylrl mbbf{" k}lcrf{ cmbdrlgsm{ t ylkdmgsm{ edyfkfgcrálkf{'

Ylrlyrf{mudl> Dgpmr{dûg cm bl rmblkdûg gfralb" kfg l}amgsf cm bl lsmg!kdûg yl{dpl t cd{adg}kdûg yrfyfrkdfglb cm bl lksdpl' [m yrm{mgsl mgy{dkf{d{ algálkf!cmyrm{dpl" mukdslkdûg rmlksdpl t fsrf{ {ágcrfam{ cmmukdslkdûg y{dkfafsrd~'

Gfrafpdhdb> Dgcdkl }g hrlcf gfralb cm pdhdbdl'

Edymrpdhdb> Dgcdkl |}m mb {}nmsf yrm{sl }g hrlcf altfr |}m bf gfralb cmlsmgkdûg l bf{ m{sáa}bf{ musmrgf{' [m pm mg edyfalgálkf{ t mg bf{ al!

gálkf{'




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál 3=

Edyfpdhdb> Dgcdkl }g hrlcf amgf{ |}m bf gfralb cm lsmgkdûg l bf{ m{sá!a}bf{ musmrgf{' [m yrm{mgsl mg bf{ cmyrdadcf{" |}dmgm{ yrìksdklamgsm gd

{m ymrklslg cm bf |}m {}kmcm lbrmcmcfr cm mbbf{'

Gfrafsmgl~> Dgcdkl hrlcf gfralb cm bl smglkdclc'

Edymrsmgl~> [m rm`dmrm l |}m mb {}nmsf {m lhlrrl l {}{ fonmsdpf{ kfg }glaltfr smglkdclc |}m bf gfralb' [m pmg mg bf{ cmyrdadcf{" |}m {m mgkdm!rrl ymr{d{smgsmamgsm mg {} a}gcf cm yrmfk}ylkdfgm{'

Edyfsmgl~> Dgcdkl |}m mb {}nmsf algsdmgm {} lsmgkdûg {form {} fonmsdpf

kfg amgfr smglkdclc [m pm mg bf{ algálkf{ |}m {lbslg kfg{slgsmamgsmcm }g fonmsdpf l fsrf" gf y}cdmgcf algsmgmr {} kfgkmgsrlkdûg {form }gad{af fonmsdpf'

AMAF_DL

Bl amafrdl m{ bl `}gkdûg y{á|}dkl yfr bl k}lb `dnlaf{ bf{ emkef{ |}m

elg dayrm{dfglcf g}m{srf{ {mgsdcf{: ylrl srlmrbf{ yf{smrdframgsm l blkfgkdmgkdl rmkfgfkdägcfbf{ kfaf fk}rrdcf{ mg mb yl{lcf'

Klrlksmrá{sdkl{ y{dkfbûhdkl{ t gm}rf`d{dfbfhál cm bl amafrdl'

Bl amafrdl m{ }gl lksdpdclc y{á|}dkl kfaybmnl kfg{sl cm bl{ `l{m{{dh}dmgsm{> lyrmemg{dûg" `dnlkdûg" kfg{mrplkdûg" mpfklkdûg t rmkfgfkd!admgsf'

Lyrmemg{dûg> m{ {} yrdamr yl{f t mg mbbl {fg klyslcl{ bl{ m{sda}blkdfgm{cmb amcdf' Cmymgcm" mg hrlg amcdcl" cm bl lsmgkdûg" y}m{ k}lgcf m{slgf m{ lcmk}lcl" gf {m yrfc}km bl lyrmemg{dûg yfr bl amafrdl' M{slyrdamrl `l{m cmymgcm cm bl m{sda}blkdûg cm kdrk}dsf{ rmpmromrlgsm{ cm{mrdm{ cm gm}rfgl{" dgsmrkfgmkslcl{ mg bl ~fgl cfgcm bl kfrsm~l |}mrmkdom bf{ m{sáa}bf{" t mgsrm m{sl ~fgl t mb sìblaf' M{ bl amafrdl dgam!cdlsl yfr bf{ `d{dûbfhf{" t {} c}rlkdûg f{kdbl mgsrm {mh}gcf{ t adg}sf{'

@dnlkdûg> {m mgk}mgsrl kfgcdkdfglcl yfr plrdf{ `lksfrm{> afsdplkdûg tkfayfgmgsm l`mksdpf: mb m{slobmkdadmgsf{ cm l{fkdlkdfgm{ t bl rmymsd!kdûg: mbmamgsf{ |}m `lpfrmkmg cd`dk}bslg m{sm yrfkm{f' Mb sdmayf cm





c}rlkdûg cm m{sm yrfkm{f mgsrm |}dgkm t pmdgsm adg}sf{" t }gl efrl }efrl t amcdl'

Kfg{mrplkdûg> m{ bl `l{m kblpm cm bl amafrdl t {} m{mgkdl" y}m{ {dg blkfg{mrplkdûg cm bl dg`fralkdûg m{sl gf y}mcm {mr yf{smrdframgsm mpfkl!cl'

Mpfklkdûg> m{ bl `l{m |}m ymradsm srlmr g}mplamgsm l bl kfgkdmgkdl mbrmk}mrcf lbalkmglcf' Y}mcm yrfc}kdr{m mpfklkdûg mg `fral m{yfgsìgmlf pfb}gslrdl" m{slgcf laol{ rmblkdfglcl{" cm{cm mb y}gsf cm pd{sl y{dkf!bûhdkf" kfg cd`mrmgsm{ `fral{ cm l{fkdlkdfgm{ |}m dgdkdlg mb amklgd{af'

_mkfgfkdadmgsf> m{ bl mslyl |}m ymradsm |}m mb rmk}mrcf mpfklcf mg blkfgkdmgkdl {ml rmkfgfkdcf kfaf slb" t gf kfaf }g emkef |}m m{sä fk}!rrdmgcf f }gl pdpmgkdl dalhdglsdpl' Lcmaì{ daybdkl bl }odklkdûg sma!yfrfm{ylkdlb cm {} frdhmg' MB rmkfgfkdadmgsf ymradsm" slaodäg rmblkdf!glr }g g}mpf m{sáa}bf kfg bf rmkfrclcf'

Ylrl }gl cm{krdykdûg kbágdkl yfcmaf{ cdpdcdr bl amafrdl mg>

<' Amafrdl dgamcdlsl> [m rm`dmrm l bl amafrdl cm l|}mbbf |}m elfk}rrdcf f {m el yrm{mgslcf l ymgl{ }gf{ {mh}gcf{ lgsm{' [mrmblkdfgl kfg bl{ `}gkdfgm{ cm ymrkmykdûg" lsmgkdûg t kfgkdmg!kdl'

?' Amafrdl rmkdmgsm> Amafrdl cm l|}mbbf |}m el fk}rrdcf f {mel yrm{mgslcf plrdf{ adg}sf{ } efrl{ lgsm{' _m`bmnl bl klylkd!clc cm lc|}drdr t rmsmgmr g}mpl dg`fralkdûg' _m|}dmrm }g yrf!km{f cm lbalkmgladmgsf lcmaì{ cm rmhd{srf'

;' Amafrdl rmafsl> _mkfhm bl muymrdmgkdl t lkfgsmkdadmgsf{ yl!{lcf{ mg bl pdcl cmb {}nmsf' _m`bmnl bl klylkdclc cm rmkfrclrdg`fralkdûg {form bf{ emkef{ {}kmcdcf{ mg }g sdmayf cd{slgsm"t yfr {}y}m{sf" lgsmrdfrm{ lb dgdkdf cm bf{ yrfobmal{ cm blamafrdl' Dgsmrpdmgm yrdgkdylbamgsm mg bl `}gkdûg mpfklsdpl'

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lgsdslsdpl{ cm bl amafrdl>

<'

Lagm{dl{l' Lagm{dl ylrkdlbo' Lagm{dl sfslb

?' Edyfagm{dl





;' Edymragm{dl3' Cd{agm{dl

Lbsmrlkdfgm{ k}lbdslsdpl{ cm bl amafrdl

=' Db}{dûg cm bl amafrdl0' Lb}kdglkdûg cm bl amafrdl8' Krdysfagm{dl5' @lo}blkdûg4' Kfg`lo}blkdûg

Lagm{dl> M{ bl l}{mgkdl ylrkdlb f sfslb cm rmk}mrcf{' Bl{ lagm{dl{y}mcmg kbl{d`dklr{m mg ylrkdlbm{ f sfslbm{'

Lagm{dl ylrkdlb> M{ l|}mbbl mg |}m bf{ rmk}mrcf{ |}m `lbslg kfrrm{yfg!cmg {fblamgsm l }gf cm bf{ {mgsdcf{' [fg {mbmksdpl{ l }gl `}gkdûg {mg!{frdlb f {ds}lkdûg laodmgslb' M{sl{ lagm{dl{ y}mcmg {mr cm sdyf frhìgdkft mg m{m kl{f bl yärcdcl m{ cm`dgdsdpl: f y}mcmg {mr cm sdyf y{dkûhmgf tmgsfgkm{ {d y}mcmg cm{lylrmkmr'

Lagm{dl sfslb> [m mgk}mgsrlg ofrrlcf{ sfcf{ bf{ rmk}mrcf{ cm }gl cm!smradglcl mslyl f cm sfcl bl pdcl' M{ l|}mbbl |}m lolrkl sfcf sfcf{ bf{mbmamgsf{ t `fral{ cmb kfgfkdadmgsf |}m kfrrm{yfgcm l }g cmsmradglcfymráfcf' Bl{ lagm{dl{ sfslbm{ y}mcmg {mr cm plrdf{ sdyf{>

l$ Lagm{dl lgsmrûhrlcl %`dnlkdûg$> M{ }g sdyf mg mb k}lb" kfaf{} gfaorm bf cdkm" bf |}m dgcdkl `lbbl m{ bl `l{m cm `dnlkdûg' [dmb rmk}mrcf gf {m `dnl" m{ kblrf |}m b}mhf gf y}mcm {mr mpfkl!

cf' [d mb rmk}mrcf |}m gf {m hrlolg {fg bf{ rmk}mrcf{ |}m kf!rrm{yfgcmg l {}km{f{ yf{smrdfrm{'

Lagm{dl yf{srl}aìsdkl> M{sm säradgf {m }{l ylrl rm`mrdr{m l bllagm{dl |}m {m yrm{mgsl cm{y}ä{ cm }g srl}alsd{af mg bl kl!om~l' Mg rmlbdclc m{ }gl lagm{dl cm `dnlkdûg" |}m l`mksl bf{ rm!k}mrcf{ cm bf{ {}km{f{ yf{smrdfrm{ lb srl}alsd{af'

o$ Lagm{dl blk}glr

%Oblkjf}s{ lbkfeûbdkf{

$> [m rm`dmrm l }gllagm{dl cm `dnlkdûg |}m {m algsdmgm {ûbf yfr kdmrsf ymráfcf'L|}á yfr `lbbl cm bl kfgkdmgkdl %kfaf m{ mb kl{f cm }gl ymr{f!gl |}m m{sì a}t ofrrlkel$" gf {m `dnlg bf{ rmk}mrcf{' B}mhf cm





|}m bl kfgkdmgkdl {m lkblrl %cm{y}ä{ cm bl ofrrlkemrl$ g}mpl!amgsm {m p}mbpmg l `dnlr rmk}mrcf{'

k$ Lagm{dl rmsrûhrlcl %mpfklkdûg$> Kfg{d{sm mg bl yärcdcl cm rm!k}mrcf{ yfr }g ymráfcf lgsmrdfr lb dgdkdf cm bl lagm{dl: rm!k}mrcf{ |}m lgsm{ `}mrfg `dnlcf{ t |}m mb dgcdpdc}f yfcál mpf!klr' M{sl lagm{dl m{ a}t kfaþg cm{y}ä{ cm bf{ srl}alsd{af{krlgmlbm{" cm{y}ä{ |}m {m lkfaylülr cm yärcdcl cm bl kfg!kdmgkdl" ymrf {m yrm{mgslg slaodäg" cm{y}ä{ cm mbmksrfkef|}m{"{sls}{ mydbäysdkf{" amgdghdsd{" lgfrmudl kmrmorlb lh}cl" mg kl!

{f{ cm lgmadl lh}cl t mgpmgmgladmgsf yfr KF'

c$ Lagm{dl {mbmksdpl> Mg m{sm sdyf" `lbslg sfcf{ bf{ rmk}mrcf{ |}mm{sìg rmblkdfglcf{ kfg lbhþg smal f ymr{fgl' Mb y{dkflgìbd{d{muybdkl |}m bf{ rmk}mrcf{ m{sìg rmyrdadcf{'

m$ Lagm{dl rmsrflgsmrûhrlcl hbfolb> M{sl m{ }gl kfaodglkdûg cmbl lagm{dl lgsmrûhrlcl t rmsrûhrlcl' Yfr|}m mg m{sl `lbblg bl`dnlkdûg t bl mpfklkdûg" bf k}lb srlm srl{sfrgf{ mg bl kfayrmg!{dûg t mg bl frdmgslkdûg'

Kbl{d`dklkdûg msdfbûhdkl>

Lagm{dl{ cm kl}{l frhìgdkl>

[ágcrfam lagä{dkf %cdmgkä`lbf: gþkbmf{ cfr{famcdlb t cm bágml amcdlcmb sìblaf" `fralkdfgm{ amcdl{ cmb bûo}bf smayfrlb: edyfklayf" k}mryf

aladblrm{ t laáhclbl$ ‛ Kl}{l{: lbkfefbd{af krûgdkf" srl}alsd{afkrlgmfmgkm`ìbdkf" mg`mramclcm{ kmrmorlbm{ %pl{k}blrm{" s}afrm{" dg`mk!kdfgm{" kfgp}b{dfgm{" m{kbmrf{d{ aþbsdybm$ t `ìralkf{ edygûsdkf{!{mclgsm{'

[}osdyf{>

<' [ágcrfam cm Jfr{ljf` ?' Oblkjf}s{ lbkfeûbdkf{

;' Lagm{dl yf{srl}aìsdkl3' Cmamgkdl=' Cmbdrd}a0' Fbpdcf{ omgdhgf{ cm bl mclc'





Lagm{dl{ cm kl}{l l`mksdpl>

<' Lagm{dl{ {mbmksdpl{?' Lagm{dl{ yfr lg{dmclc;' Lagm{dl cd{fkdlsdpl %y{dkûhmgl$

Edyfagm{dl> Cd{adg}kdûg mg bl klylkdclc ylrl rmkfrclr' [m yrm{mgsl mgk}lcrf{ cm lg{dmclc" gm}rf{d{ t cmamgkdl{'

Edymragm{dl> L}amgsf mg bl mpfklkdûg cm rmk}mrcf{' [m yrm{mgsl mgalgál t `dmorm'

Edymragm{dl dcmlsdpl> Dgkb}tm cm{cm bf{ `mgûamgf{fo{m{dpfdcm{ %rmymsdcl lylrdkdûg cm `rl{m{" aþ{dkl{"ylblorl{ cm bl{ |}m m{ cd`ákdb cm{yrmgcmr{m$ el{sl bl{yrfydl{ dcml{ fo{m{dpl{'

Edymragm{dl l`mksdpl> [m rmk}mrcl kfg altfr dgsmg{dclc t`rmk}mgkdl{ muymrdmgkdl{ cm{l`frs}glcl{ mg bl cmyrm{dûg t lb

kfgsrlrdf cm bl algál'

Cd{agm{dl> Lagm{dl cm mpfklkdûg |}m {m bfklbd~l l cmsmradglcf{ rm!k}mrcf{ m{ymká`dkf{" mg }gl `fral srlg{dsfrdl" tl |}m cm{y}ä{ y}mcmg {mrrmkfrclcf{ m{yfgsìgmlamgsm' [m yrm{mgsl mg ymr{fgl{ gfralbm{ t {formsfcf mg m{slcf{ cm `lsdhl'

Db}{dûg cm bl amafrdl> M{ bl cm`fralkdûg db}{frdl cm }g rmk}mrcf' [myrm{mgsl mg lbsmrlkdfgm{ frhìgdkl{ kfg cä`dkds mpfklsdpf" mg k}lcrf{

cmbdrlgsm{'

Lb}kdglkdûg cm bl amafrdl> [m rmk}mrcl lbhf |}m gf el {}kmcdcf' [myrm{mgsl mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl" ed{smrdl" ylkdmgsm{ frhìgdkf{ kfaf `fral cmkfaymg{lr {}{ cä`dkds{ mpfklsdpf{ t mg fsrf{ k}lcrf{'

@lb{f rmkfgfkdadmgsf> Dcmgsd`dklkdûg mrrûgml |}m elkm mb ylkdmgsm" cm}gl ymr{fgl kfaf kfgfkdcl k}lgcf m{ bl yrdamrl pm~ |}m bl pm' M{

sáydkf mg mb {ágcrfam cm jfr{ljf`" cmamgkdl{" t k}lcrf{ kfg`}{dfglbm{';

Ylrlagm{dl{ %f `lb{f{ rmkfgfkdadmgsf{$> Bl{ ylrlagm{dl{ {fg mrrfrm{cm bl amafrdl" mg bl{ |}m bf{ rmk}mrcf{ gf kfrrm{yfgcmg l bf{ lkfgsmkd!admgsf{ |}m bm{ cdmrfg b}hlr' Mb {}nmsf {m ymrklsl cm |}m mud{sm }gl




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál =9

cd{krmylgkdl mgsrm bf{ rmk}mrcf{ t l rmlbdclc pdpdcl: {d bf {}ydmrl {m

srlslrál cm }gl amgsdrl t gf cm }gl ylrlagm{dl'3

Krdysfagm{dl %_madgd{kmgkdl$> Mb rmk}mrcf mpfklcf gf m{ rmkfgfkdcfkfaf slb t {m sfal kfaf lbhf g}mpf t frdhdglb' ]gl ymr{fgl elkm }gkfamgslrdf dghmgdf{f" m{krdom }gl ambfcál dgfbpdclobm" {dg clr{m k}mgsl

|}m m{sl kdslgcf %yblhdlgcf$ aì{ |}m elkmr lbhf frdhdglb' ; Kfg{d{sm mg|}m bl ymr{fgl mpfkl }g rmk}mrcf" |}m lgsmrdframgsm `}m `dnlcf" ymrf gfbf rmkfgfkm kfaf rmk}mrcf" {dgf |}m bf muymrdamgsl kfaf }g ymg{l!admgsf |}m {m bm fk}rrm yfr yrdamrl pm~' 3

Lbfagm{dl> Cm`fralkdûg cmb kfgsmgdcf cm bf{ rmk}mrcf{ yfr mb m{slcfl`mksdpf cmb dgcdpdc}f' Slb {}kmcm mg mb k}r{f cm bl{ cmyrm{dfgm{ mg |}msfcf {m sfrgl hrd{" lylhlcf" t lk}{lcfr: f mg mb k}r{f cm bl ylrlgfdlkmbfsáydkl" mg |}m hrlg ylrsm cmb yl{lcf cmb dgcdpdc}f kfblofrl lksdpl!amgsm mg bl {d{smalsd~lkdûg cmb smal cmbdrlgsm kmbfsáydkf'

Mkagm{dl> Kfg{d{sm mg |}m mb {}nmsf mpfkl }g rmk}mrcf kfg slb pdpm~l|}m {m kfg`}gcm t krmm pdpdr mg mb afamgsf rmkfrclcf' M{ cmkdr |}m

srlg{`fral mb yl{lcf mg mb yrm{mgsm' [m yrm{mgsl mg bf{ k}lcrf{ cmamg!kdlbm{" yrfkm{f{ frhìgdkf{" ed{smrdl t m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

Ylrlagm{dl c}ybdklcfrl> Mb ylkdmgsm c}ybdkl }gl {ds}lkdûg lks}lb lb

kfg{dcmrlrbl tl pdpdcl' ? M{sm `mgûamgf" yfkf kfaþg {m cm{krdom kfaf}gl yrftmkkdûg cmb yrm{mgsm elkdl mb yl{lcf" cm afcf |}m mb ylkdmgsm

muymrdamgsl' 3

@mgûamgf tl pd{sf %‒cmnl p}‑$> Mb {}nmsf lgsm }gl muymrdmgkdl g}mpl"sdmgm bl dayrm{dûg {}onmsdpl cm elomrbl pdpdcf lgsmrdframgsm" l}g|}mrmkfgfkm |}m m{sf gf m{ l{á' [m yrm{mgsl mg {}nmsf{ gfralbm{" `lsdhlcf{"lg{df{f{ t mg m{|}d~f`rmgdl'

@mgûamgf nlaì{ pd{sf %‒Nlaìd{ p}‑$> M{ mb `mgûamgf dgpmr{f lb lgsm!rdfr" cfgcm bl{ muymrdmgkdl{ yrmpdl{ gf {fg rmkfgfkdcl{ t {m muymrdamgslkfaf g}mpl{' M{sf{ `mgûamgf{ lylrmkmg mg ymr{fgl{ gfralbm{" mydbmy!{dl cmb bûo}bf smayfrlb'

@lo}blkdûg> M{ }g srl{sfrgf adusf cm bl dalhdglkdûg t cm bl amafrdl"y}m{sf |}m mb {}nmsf dalhdgl {ds}lkdfgm{ |}m yf{smrdframgsm bmhl lkrmmrbl{' [m yrm{mgsl mg ylkdmgsm{ adsûalgf{ t mg ed{särdkf{' ?




Crl' ^fdbl Slalrl Keìpm~ Amnál =<

Kfg`lo}blkdûg> @lb{d`dklkdûg cm bl amafrdl |}m lylrmkm mg }g m{slcfcm bl kfgkdmgkdl bþkdcl t elods}lbamgsm l{fkdlcl l }gl lagm{dl frhìgd!

kl' Mb ylkdmgsm mpfkl }gl ed{sfrdl `lb{l {form lkfgsmkdadmgsf{ yl{lcf{"hmgmrlbamgsm rmblkdfglcf{ kfg {} yrfydl odfhrl`ál t l amg}cf mg rm{!y}m{sl l yrmh}gsl{ cmb muladglcfr' Ylrmkm krmmr bf |}m cdkm" {dg {mrkfg{kdmgsm cm {}{ mrrfrm{ t gf {m fo{mrpl dgsmgkdûg cm mghlülr lb dgsmr!bfk}sfr" {dgf aì{ odmg rmbbmglr mb e}mkf yrfc}kdcf yfr {} lagm{dl' M{ }g`lb{f rmk}mrcf cm }g {}km{f pmrf{áadb' 3

Y{m}cfbfhál `lgsì{sdkl %adsfalgál$> M{ }g rmblsf cm muymrdmgkdl{ ymr!

{fglbm{ |}m {}y}m{slamgsm bm elg lkfgsmkdcf lb {}nmsf' [fg ed{sfrdl{lylrmgsmamgsm pmrf{áadbm{ t cfgcm mb {}nmsf m{ yrfslhfgd{sl ;' Kfg{d{smmg |}m mb {}nmsf rmblsl {}km{f{ aì{ f amgf{ dgpmrf{áadbm{ kfaf {d rmlb!

amgsm e}odmrlg fk}rrdcf t gf kfaf yrfc}ksf cm {} `lgsl{ál' 3

Lhgf{dl> Lbh}gf{ l}sfrm{ bl{ kfg{dcmrlg lbsmrlkdfgm{ ymrkmysdpl{' Cmg!srf cm bf{ srl{sfrgf{ cm amafrdl" {m cm`dgmg kfaf lagm{dl{ {mg{frdlbm{f lbsmrlkdfgm{ cmb rmkfgfkdadmgsf cm bf ymrkdodcf mg mb klayf {mg{frdlb'[fg cm kl}{l gm}rfbûhdkl t gf mud{sm lbsmrlkdûg {mg{frdlb ymrd`ärdkl'Sdyf{>

<' Pd{}lbm{> Y}mcm mud{sdr }gl dgklylkdclc ylrl rmkfgfkmr bf{ kf!bfrm{ %lhgf{dl cm kfbfr$" kfayrmgcm mb bmgh}lnm m{krdsf %lbm!udl$" bf{ gþamrf{ %lklbk}bdl$ f cd`dk}bslc ylrl rmkfgfkmr klrl{kfgfkdcl{ % yrf{fhgf{dl$

?' L}cdsdpl{> Cd`dk}bslc ylrl rmkfgfkmr ylblorl{ l}cdsdplamgsm%l`l{dl {mg{frdlb cm xmrgdkjm$ {fgdcf{ a}{dklbm{ %la}{dl$

;' Sìksdbm{> M{smrmflhgf{dl %dgklylkdclc ylrl rmkfgfkmr fonmsf{yfr mb slksf$ Kfryfrlbm{> Dgklylkdclc ylrl rmkfgfkmr bl adslccmb yrfydf k}mryf %emad{falsfhgf{dl$ f gmhlkdûg cm |}mmud{sl k}lb|}dmr bm{dûg mg bl ylrsm l`mkslcl %lgf{fhgf{dl$




Odobdfhrl`ál

<' Laärdkf _mtm{" Alg}lb cm muybfrlkdûg y{d|}dìsrdkl" ]gdpmr!{dclc Glkdfglb L}sûgfal cm Efgc}rl{" <440 ! <=9 yìhdgl{ ?' Kl{srf!Bûym~ Hdglrc" Edrla" Y{dkfylsfbfhál kbágdkl" mcdsf!

rdlb Y}mobf t Mc}klkdûg" <45;;' Alg}lb {madfbfhál y{d|}dìsrdkl" Adgd{smrdf cm {lb}c' Ef{yd!

slb Cfkmgsm cm lsmgkdûg Y{dkf!{fkdlb Cr' Nf{ä Cfbfrm{ @bmsm{Plbbm' [}o!cdrmkkdûg cfkmgsm' Alglh}l" Gfpdmaorm ?993'

3' _fnl{ Lb`lrf" ^mdrdse Mb mulamg Y{d|}dìsrdkf cmb ylkdmgsm"Mcdsfrdlb Kdrk}dsf Kdgkf" [' L'" [lg Nf{ä" K' _" ]gdpmr{dclc cmKf{sl _dkl" [mkkdûg cm Y{d|}dlsrál" M{k}mbl cm Amcdkdgl"

<44?'

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