Upload
dairynews
View
255
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
FIGHTING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
IN THE DAIRY SECTOR
THE FACTS
• Antimicrobials are essential for animal health, welfare and productivity -
they contribute to food security, food safety and public health
• growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) could reverse these benefits - disease
treatments ineffective, increased severity of disease, reduces productivity
and economic losses
• antimicrobials residues in products of animal origins, in animal waste
contaminating soil and water and the environment further contributes to the
emergence and spread of AMR
• unhealthy and unproductive animals are not able to generate food products
of acceptable safety and quality and no longer contribute to income
generation. They reduce the livestock sectors potential of access to trade
and increase public health risks
THE BAD NEWS
antimicrobial use in animal production is under increased scrutiny and consumer perception is increasingly negative
in recent decades, the increase and intensification of animal production has led to an increasing use of antimicrobials – use that is expected to increase of 67% by 2030 ((China, US, Brazil, India and Mexico)
there are proliferating international requirements (Codex Alimentarius, OIE), national legislations and private sector standards (e.g. McDonald’s, Tyson and Walmart) to comply with
the fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a shared responsability (across production systems and geographic regions) and the dairy sector has specific responsibilities
THE GOOD NEWS
the use of antimicrobials in the dairy sector is much lower if
compared to poultry or swine production (~12% of total livestock
use)
still there are several options to reduce it and thus contributing
to reduce AMR - the dairy sector can be part of the solutions, it
can lead the other sectors by example
there are a number or organizations (IDF, FAO) that can support
the sector by raising awareness, providing information,,
technical assistance and training
Main documents:
Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain Antimicrobial
Resistance (2005)
Guidelines for Risk Analysis of Foodborne Antimicrobial
Resistance (2011)
Other Codex texts relevant to AMR includes:
General Principles of Food Hygiene
Code of Practice on Good Animal Feeding
Several Codes of hygienic practices for different
commodities (e.g. milk and milk products)
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS ON AMR
Ad hoc Intergovernmental Task Force on Antimicrobial Resistance (TFAMR),
hosted by the Republic of Korea to:
Review and revise the Code of Practice to Minimize and Contain
Antimicrobial Resistance to address the entire food chain
Consider the development of Guidance on Integrated Surveillance of
Antimicrobial Resistance, taking into account the guidance developed by the
WHO Advisory Group on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance
(AGISAR) and relevant OIE documents
The TFAMR shall complete its work within three, starting in 2017
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS ON AMR - FORTHCOMING
Physical Working Group, chaired by the United Kingdom, and co-chaired by
Australia and the United States of America to:
Revise the two project documents for new work
Revise the terms of reference for the request for scientific advice to FAO
and WHO in collaboration with OIE
The working group will be held in London (UK) from 29 November to 2
December 2016
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS ON AMR - FORTHCOMING
USE OF ANTIMICROBIALS IN THE DAIRY SECTOR
Disease prevention (dry cow therapy to prevent mastitis)
Disease treatment (mastitis, respiratory diseases, lameness, metritis)
Increase feed efficiency and improve animal performance
THE RESPONSABILITIES OF THE DAIRY SECTOR
to ensure cattle health and welfare (antimicrobials need to be there and be
effective)
to ensure economic sustainability of the dairy farms and plants
(antimicrobials can avoid economic losses due to cattle diseases; but only
their responsible use will guarantee market opportunities)
to be inclusive: take care of the small, marginal and disadvantages producers
to provide information and data for effective surveillance
to contribute to a reduced and more responsible use of antmicrobials
to assist producers and countries with less resources (AMR has no boundaries)
WHAT TO DO
ANTIMICROBIAL USE SHOULD NEVER COMPENSATE FOR BAD FARMING PRACTICES
AND POOR MANAGEMENT
KEEP DISEASE OUT - KEEP DISEASE LEVELS DOWS AND CONTROL SPREAD:
biosecurity (cattle, people, workers’ health, equipment, manure, pasture,
feed, pest control, etc.)
vaccination
good husbandry and hygiene practices
prevent injuries
WHAT TO DO
HELP THE ANIMALS TO HELP THEMSELVES:
use locally adapted breeds
ensure high welfare(air and water quality, ventilation, environment,
lameness)
avoid stress (overcrowding, poor handling, bad transport, introduction of
new heifers in herd, etc.)
adequate nutrition (colostrum, balanced diets, adequate dry matter
intake for all ages, levels of energy, fiber, protein, essential elements,
vitamins, etc.
WHAT TO DO
GOOD WASTE MANAGEMENT (avoid polluting water and soils - between 75% to
90% of antimicrobials used in livestock are excreted, mostly unmetabolized)
ENSURE GUT HEALTH (and increase feed efficiency through other means (e.g.
in-feed enzymes, competitive exclusion products, probiotics, prebiotics,
acidifiers, plant extracts, neutraceuticals, essential oils, yeast and many
others)
WHAT TO DO
USE ALTERNATIVES TO ANTIMICROBIALS (e.g. vitamins, enzymes, internal
teats sealant, etc.):
ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP
e.g. Dry-treats teats individually, on selective basis, relying on culture
work
FAO SUPPORT
The FAO Action Plan on AMR applied to the dairy sector
1. Improve awareness and advocacy on AMR
and related threats
2. Develop capacity for surveillance and
monitoring of AMR and AMU
3. Strengthen governance related to AMU
4. Promote good practices and the prudent
use of antimicrobials
FAO ACTION PLAN ON AMR – FOR THE DAIRY SECTOR
16
AWARENESS
• Multi level, multi stakeholder approach, e.g. this
meeting
• Identify and work with other key partners (e.g. World
Farmers’ Organisation)
Awareness Evidence
Governance Practices
AMR
EVIDENCE
What we need to know: surveillance and monitoring
systems for AMR and AMU in the dairy sector
Awareness Evidence
Governance Practices
AMR
Work with dairy associations in regional / national initiatives
and in the development of national action plans
Awareness Evidence
Governance Practices
AMR
GOVERNANCE
PRACTICE
Sustainable dairy production systems with reduced
antimicrobials
Improving biosecurity
Implementation of good practices
Guidance on good practices tailored to specific
country situations
Awareness Evidence
Governance Practices
AMR
THE WAY FORWARD – FAO COLLABORATION WITH THE DAIRY
SECTOR
increased dialogues among stakeholders, particularly with governments
spread information on good practices (e.g. publications? training? twinning)
showcase the responsible position of the sector as an example for others
MORE INFORMATION
http://www.fao.org/antimicrobial-resistance/en/
THANK YOU