Perspectives on Antimicrobial Resistance from AustraliaRobin Condron

Dairy Australia

Joint FAO-IDF Antimicrobial Resistance Session

Australian perspectives on AMRAMR is a serious global public health challenge

Highlighted by WHO in collaboration with FAO and OIEWHO Global Action Plan on AMR

Significance of AMR for dairy productionPriority and international initiatives by IDF

Australia’s National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy 2015-2019Responding to the threat of antimicrobial resistanceAdoption of ‘One Health’ approach

Australian dairy industry contribution to antimicrobial stewardshipSupport for prudent and responsible use of antimicrobialsAdoption of good farming practices to enhance animal healthc

Global Public Health Challenge Urgent global priority, looming crisis with increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and limited capacity to develop new drugs

United Nations General Assembly High Level Meeting - Sept 2016Recognition of the significance and strong political support to address

antimicrobial resistance comprehensively.Commitment to the May 2014 WHO resolution for Global Action Plan on AMRCall for WHO, FAO & OIE to finalise a global development and stewardship

frameworkSupport for development and implementation of National Action Plans

Significance of AMR for dairy productionThe dairy industry has continuing need for access to effective antimicrobials for animal health, animal welfare, food safety and food security outcomes

The dairy industry recognses the importance of responsible use of antimicrobials to manage risks associated with resistance and to preserve the effectiveness of antimicrobials for human health, animal health and welfare and the environment

International Dairy Federation priorities and contributions• Global collaboration• Scientific expertise• Industry application and networking

IDF Dairy Sector InitiativesGLOBAL COLLABORATION• Identification of critically important antimicrobial agents for dairy farmers (OIE)• Guide to Good Dairy Farming Practice (IDF/FAO)• Guidelines for Risk Analysis of Foodborne AMR (CODEX)• Antimicrobial Residue Management (CODEX)

SCIENTIFIC EXPERTISE• Monitoring AMR in mastitis pathogens• Microbiogical risk management and assessment

INDUSTRY APPLICATION AND NETWORKING• IDF WDS 2011 Joint IDF/FAO Food Safety Conference on Prudent use of

antimicrobial agents• Guide to prudent use of antimicrobial agents in dairy production – March 2013

Australia’s National AMR Strategy

RESPONDING TO THE THREAT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE –Australia’s First National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy 2015-2019

Australia was an active participant in the development of the WHO Global Action Plan

The strategy recognises the need for global collaboration and involvement of all sectors in a ‘One Health’ approach to minimse the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance and ensure continued availability of effective antimicrobials.

Australia’s National AMR Strategy

Responding to the threat of antimicrobial resistance – IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

The Strategy Objectives are linked to the WHO strategy and identify Priority Areas for Action

A stocktake of actions has involved information sharing and next steps will involve monitoring and evaluation

A Progress Report is due in Oct 2017

Dairy industry initiatives contribute toAntimicrobial Stewardship andInfection Prevention & Control

Australian dairy supply chain contributions

The dairy industry places great importance on the prudent use of antimicrobials and supports the Australian National Antimicrobial Resistance Strategy

Use of antimicrobials is strictly controlled by regulation and commercial incentives

Dairy animals are treated as individuals and non-therapeutic measures are incorporated in disease control

When antimicrobial agents are used they are mostly administered locally for specific purposes

Industry conducts extensive monitoring of antimicrobial use including testing to ensure unacceptable residues are not present in milk

Heat treatment of milk provides an effective control measure to assist the management of foodborne AMR

Monitoring antimicrobial useNational APVMA data

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50

100

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450

Coccidiostat Growth promotant Therapeutic Total

Act

ive

(to

nn

es)

AM Purpose

Antimicrobial supply (tonnes active) by host species and purpose (2009-10)

Poultry

Pigs

Cattle / sheep

15 mg/kg

Monitoring antimicrobial use

Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

Current surveillance in animal health and agriculture is on a project rather than a coordinated national basis.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella and E.coli from Australian cattle populations at slaughter, Barlow et al (2015) Journal of Food Protection 78:912

Low level of AMR corroborates previous Australian animal and food surveys

Survey of mastitis pathogens in SE Australian dairy industry, Charman (2013) Proceedings AVA annual conference Cairns F1.1

Major bacterial pathogens isolated remain highly sensitive to the majority of antibiotics tested

Additional dairy industry inputs to the national AMR strategy

Engaging the dairy industry supply chain with the adoption of the IDF Guide to prudent use of antimicrobial agents in dairy production

Support for mastitis prevention and control with guidance levels for selective treatment of cows during the dry period

Delivery of extension and farmer education on husbandry practices to enhance animal health

Developing and delivery of a range of extension activities to enhance whole farm planning to manage biosecurity risks

ConclusionThe dairy industry is in a favourable position with regard to the stewardship of antimicrobials and in making a positive contribution to managing AMR

Good track record but we cannot be complacent

Sustainable and responsible use is critical to mitigate AMR and to preserve the effectiveness of existing antimicrobials for the future

The principles of the IDF Guide to prudent use of antimicrobials provide useful guidance that can be adapted to the needs and situations in different dairy production systems and contribute to ‘One Health’ strategies for AMR