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RESAT EGYPTWATER TREATMENTWebsite :www.resategypt.comWATER
TREATMENTBy Chemist Ayman Awny
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IntroductionProblems Of Water Treatment.Water Treatment In
Industry.Water Treatment In Hotels,Hospitals & Building.
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Corrosion Suspended. SolidMicro.Scale 1234
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Topics of DiscussionCorrosion. Scale Formation. Suspended
Solids.
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Boiler Water Treatment
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Problems in Boiler SystemsCorrosion free carbon dioxide
oxygenDeposits hardness organic matter corrosion products Suspended
Solids corrosion product scale product
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Topic OneCorrosion
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Causes of CorrosionBoiler AreaInsufficient oxygen removal in
feed water High pH value and alkalinity Increase in suspended
solids
Steam and Condensate AreaFormation of carbon dioxideInsufficient
oxygen removal in the feed waterLow pH-values
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Standard Corrosion Reaction Fe -------->Fe ++ + 2 e - 2e- +
1/2 O2 ----->2 OH- 2e - + 2H+ ----->H2
Fundamental Risks In Boiler WaterCauses of Corrosion
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Causes of CorrosionFundamental Risks in Steam and Condensate
System Carbonic acid Behavior (corrosion) inside boiler : 2(H CO3Na
)------->Na2CO3 + CO2 + H20 Na2 CO3 + H2O -----> 2 NaOH + CO2
in condansate system : H20 +CO2 --------> H+ + HCO3-
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. .
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Surface Corrosion + Sludge
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Corrosion in steam line
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Pitting corrosion
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Pitting Corrosion Inside Boiler
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High pH Caustic corrosion
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Scheme of a Boiler SystemMake-up WaterFiltration Unite.g.
Reservoir Ion Exchanger, of Feed waterReverse Osmosis Softeners
Steam BoilerBlow-downFeed waterBoiler feeding
PumpSteamConsumerCondenserReturn CondensateCooling WaterChemical
DosingDe aeration
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Classification of Boiler Systems
Low Pressure Boiler
Operating pressure up to 68 bar
High Pressure Boiler
operating pressure above 68 bar
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# # (pH ) . ( )# . # . #
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. : .: RIZENER INDX
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Corrosion Of Steel VS Boiler Water pH
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pH
.
( ).
( TDS )
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DEAERATOR
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FEED TANK
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Boiler Water Limits and Steam Purity( 1 )
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Approved by ASME(2) Changes according to TDS of B.F.W.(3) Changes
according to TDS of B.F.W.(4) Determined depending on boiler water
treatment program(5) Silica is not included
Drum pressure
psig
TDS ppm (2)
Total alkalinity ppm (3)
Total suspended solids ppm max
TDS in Steam (expected) (3-5)
0-300
700-3500
140-700
15
0,2-1,0
301-450
600-3000
120-600
10
0,2-1,0
451-600
500-2500
100-500
8
0,2-1,0
601-750
200-1000
40-200
3
0,1-0,5
751-900
150-750
30-150
2
0,1-0,5
901-1000
125-625
25-125
1
0,1-0,5
1001-1800
100
(4)
1
0,1
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Scale Problem (In Boiler )
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Scale After Treatment
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Suspended Solids
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.
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RESAT EGYPTWATER TREATMENTWebsite :www.resategypt.com Corrosion
Scale Foaming
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Lime SofteningMode of action Addition of lime milk Ca(OH)2
Elemination of carbonate hardness and carbon
dioxideReactionsPrecipitation of Ca-hydrogen carbonate Ca(HCO3)2 +
Ca(OH)2 2CaCO3 + 2H2ONeutralization of carbon dioxide CO2 CO2 +
Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
DisadvantageDisposal of calcium carbonate sludge
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Ion Exchange / BasicsMode of actionPhysical-chemical
methodsUp-take of specific ions to the ion exchanger resinDelivery
of an equivalent amount of different equally charged ions
Kinds of ion exchangersCationic ion exchangerAnionic ion
exchangerMixed bed ion exchanger
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Questions
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Ayman Awny
