BaoCao ChoiCoCaro

7/30/2019 BaoCao ChoiCoCaro

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Page 1

Mc lc:

PHN 1: MU ........................................................................................................ 2

VIT CHNG TRNH CHI C CARO S DNGWEBSERVICE ............................................................................................................ 2

Gii thiu v ti ...................................................................................................... 2

1.2.Gii hn v phm vi nghin cu ........................................................................... 2

1.3.Mc tiu nghin cu .............................................................................................. 2

1.4.Phng php nghin cu ....................................................................................... 3

1.5.Nhim v nghin cu ............................................................................................ 3

PHN 2: NI DUNG .................................................................................................... 4

2.1. Tng quan v webservices: ................................................................................ 4

2.1.5.Struyn ti dliu........................................................................ 12

2.1.5.6.SOAP Sender ................................................................................ 13

2.1.5.12.Cc thut nglin quan n XML ........................................... 14

2.2. Ni dung chng trnh..20

PHN 3: KT LUN .................................................................................................. 21

TI LIU THAM KHO ........................................................................................... 22


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PHN 1: M U

Tn ti

VIT CHNG TRNH CHI C CARO SDNGWEBSERVICE

Gii thiu v ti

Ccaro chnh l mn clogic lu i v cxa nht trn Tri t. Ccaro csng to t nhiu nn vn minh khc nhau mt cch c lp. N bt u xut hin tnm 2000 trc CN sng Hong H, Trung Quc. Mt s nh khoa hc tm thybng chng chng minh Caro c pht minh Hy lp ci v Chu Mtrcthi Colombo. Ccaro vn l game c a chung v rt nhiu bn tram m, cbit l cc bn hc sinh, sinh vin ch vi 1 mnh giy v chic bt l 2 ngi c thso ti vi nhau. Nhng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh th chng ta c thchi ccarovi nhau bng nhng chic my tnh ca mnh trong mng Lan. Phn mm chi ccaro trong mng Lan sem li cho bn cm gic th v v gip cc bn th gin trong

nhng gi hc tp v lm vic mt mi. Chng trnh chi c caro s dngwebservices, bn s tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian, ng thi lm c rt nhiuvic c ch.

1.1.Khch thv i tng nghin cu i tng nghin cu: C ch hot ng ca webservices.

Khch th: chng trnh chi ccaro s dng cng ngh webservices.

1.2.Gii hn v phm vi nghin cu Gii hn v thi gian: T thng 10 n thng 11 nm 2012.

Gii hn v ni dung: Chng trnh chi c caro s dng cng ngh

webservices.

1.3.Mc tiu nghin cu

Khi phn mm hon thnh thc hin c cc chc nng chnh sau:

Cho php chi ccaro gia 2 my tnh trong mng


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1.4.Phng php nghin cu

Phn tch, tng hp l thuyt.

Phng php lch s.

Phng php phn loi, h thng ha.

1.5.Nhim v nghin cu


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PHN 2: NI DUNG

2.1. Tng quan v webservices:Web Services l s kt hp cc my tnh c nhn vi cc thit b khc, cc c s d

liu v cc mng mytnh to thnh mt c cu tnh ton o m ngi s dng cth lm vic thng qua cc trnh duyt mng.Bn thn cc dch v ny s chy trn cc my ch trn nn Internet ch khng phi lcc my tnh c nhn, do vy c th chuyn cc chc nng t my tnh c nhn lnInternet. Ngi s dng c th lm vic vi cc dch v thng qua bt k loi my noc h tr web service v c truy cp Internet, k c cc thit b cm tay. Do ccweb service s lm Internet bin i thnh mt ni lm vic ch khng phi l mt

phng tin xem v ti ni dung.iu ny cng s a cc d liu v cc ng dng t my tnh c nhn ti cc my

phc v ca mt nh cung cp Web Services. Cc my phc v ny cng cn tr thnhngun cung cp cho ngi s dng c v an ton, ring t v kh nng truynhp.Cc my phc v ng dng s l mt phn quan trng ca cc web service bi vthng th cc my ch ny thc hin cc hot ng ng dng phc tp da trn schuyn giao gia ngi s dng v cc chng trnh kinh doanh hay cc c s d liuca mt t chc no .Mt s nh quan st ngnh cng nghip ny cho rng web service khng thc s lmt khi nim mi v phn nh mt phn khng nh khi nim mng my tnh vn

tr nn quen thuc trong nhiu nm qua. Web service ch yu da trn mt li gi thtc t xa khng cht ch m c th thay th cc li gi th tc t xa cht ch, i hicc kt ni API ph hp ang ph bin hin nay. Web Services s dng XML chkhng phi C hay C++, gi cc quy trnh.Tuy nhin cc chuyn gia khc li cho rng web service l mt dng API da trn

phn mm trung gian, c s dng XML to phn giao din trn nn Java 2 (J2EE)hay cc server ng dng .NET. Ging nh cc phn mm trung gian, web service skt ni server ng dng vi cc chng trnh khch hng.

2.1.1. Gii thiu cng ngh:

Theo nh ngha ca W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), Web Services l mt hthng phn mm c thit k h tr kh nng tng tc gia cc ng dng trn

cc my tnh khc nhau thng qua mng Internet, giao din chung v s gn kt ca nc m t bng XML. Web Services l ti nguyn phn mm c th xc nh bnga ch URL, thc hin cc chc nng v a ra cc thng tin ngi dng yu cu. Mt

Web Services c to nn bng cch ly cc chc nng v ng gi chng sao chocc ng dng khc d dng nhn thy v c th truy cp n nhng dch v m n thc

hin, ng thi c th yu cu thng tin t Web Services khc. N bao gm cc m


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un c lp cho hot ng ca khch hng v doanh nghip v bn thn n c thcthi trn server.

Trc ht, c th ni rng ng dng c bn ca Web Services l tch hp cc h thng

v l mt trong nhng hot ng chnh khi pht trin h thng. Trong h thng ny,cc ng dng cn c tch hp vi c s d liu (CSDL) v cc ng dng khc,ngi s dng s giao tip vi CSDL tin hnh phn tch v ly d liu. Trong thigian gn y, vic pht trin mnh m ca thng mi in t v B2B cng i hi

cc h thng phi c kh nng tch hp vi CSDL ca cc i tc kinh doanh (ngha ltng tc vi h thng bn ngoi bn cnh tng tc vi cc thnh phn bn trongca h thng trong doanh nghip).

Di y, chng ta s xem qua nhng khi nim v cch thc c bn nht xy dngmt Web Services trong tch hp v pht trin h thng.

2.1.2. c im ca Web Services

a) c im

Web Services cho php client v server tng tc c vi nhau ngay c trong

nhng mi trng khc nhau. V d, t Web server cho ng dng trn mtmy ch chy h iu hnh Linux trong khi ngi dng s dng my tnh chy

h iu hnh Windows, ng dng vn c th chy v x l bnh thng mkhng cn thm yu cu c bit tng thch gia hai h iu hnh ny.

Phn ln k thut ca Web Services c xy dng da trn m ngun m vc pht trin t cc chun c cng nhn, v d nh XML.

Mt Web Services bao gm c nhiu m-un v c th cng b ln mngInternet.

L s kt hp ca vic pht trin theo hng tng thnh phn vi nhng lnhvc c th v c s h tng Web, a ra nhng li ch cho c doanh nghip,khch hng, nhng nh cung cp khc v c nhng c nhn thng qua mngInternet.

Mt ng dng khi c trin khai s hot ng theo m hnh client-server. N

c th c trin khai bi mt phn mm ng dng pha server v d nh PHP,Oracle Application server hay Microsoft.Net


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Ngy nay Web Services ang rt pht trin, nhng lnh vc trong cuc sng c

th p dng v tch hp Web Services l kh rng ln nh dch v chn lc vphn loi tin tc (h thng th vin c kt ni n web portal tm kim cc

thng tin cn thit); ng dng cho cc dch v du lch (cung cp gi v, thngtin v a im), cc i l bn hng qua mng, thng tin thng mi nh gic, t gi hi oi, u gi qua mnghay dch v giao dch trc tuyn (cho cB2B v B2C) nh t v my bay, thng tin thu xe

Cc ng dng c tch hp Web Services khng cn l xa l, c bit trongiu kin thng mi in t ang bng n v pht trin khng ngng cng vis ln mnh ca Internet. Bt k mt lnh vc no trong cuc sng cng c th

tch hp vi Web Services, y l cch thc kinh doanh v lm vic c hiu

qu bi thi i ngynay l thi i ca truyn thng v trao i thng tin quamng. Do vy, vic pht trin v tch hp cc ng dng vi Web Services angc quan tm pht trin l iu hon ton d hiu.

b) u v nhc im

u im:

Web Services cung cp kh nng hot ng rng ln vi cc ng dng phnmm khc nhau chy trn nhng nn tng khc nhau.

S dng cc giao thc v chun m. Giao thc v nh dng d liu da trnvn bn (text), gip cc lptrnh vin d dng hiu c.

Nng cao kh nng ti s dng.

Thc y u t cc h thng phn mm tn ti bng cch cho php cc tintrnh/chc nng nghip v ng gi trong giao din Web Services.

To mi quan h tng tc ln nhau v mm do gia cc thnh phn trong hthng, d dng cho vic pht trin cc ng dng phn tn.

Thc y h thng tch hp, gim s phc tp ca h thng, h gi thnh hot

ng, pht trin h thng nhanh v tng tc hiu qu vi h thng ca ccdoanh nghip khc.

Nhc im:

Nhng thit hi ln s xy ra vo khong thi gian cht ca Web Services, giao

din khng thay i, c th li nu mt my khch khng c nng cp, thiucc giao thc cho vic vn hnh.


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C qu nhiu chun cho Web Services khin ngi dng kh nm bt.

Phi quan tm nhiu hn n vn an ton v bo mt.

2.1.3. Kin trc ca Web Services

Web Services gm c 3 chun chnh: SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol),WSDL (Web Service Description Language) v UDDI (Universal Description,

Discovery, and Integration). Hnh 1 m t chng giao thc ca Web Services, trong UDDI c s dng ng k v khm ph Web Services c miu t c th

trong WSDL. Giao tc UDDI s dng SOAP ni chuyn vi UDDI server, sau cc ng dng SOAP yu cu mt Web Services. Cc thng ip SOAP c gi ichnh xc bi HTTP v TCP/IP.

Hnh 1. Chng giao thc ca Web Services

Chng giao thc Web Services l tp hp cc giao thc mng my tnh c s dng

nh ngha, xc nh v tr, thi hnh v to nn Web Services tng tc vi nhngng dng hay dch v khc. Chng giao thc ny c 4 thnh phn chnh:

Dch v vn chuyn (Service Transport): c nhim v truyn thng ip giacc ng dng mng, bao gm nhng giao thc nh HTTP, SMTP, FTP, JSM

v gn y nht l giao thc thay i khi m rng (Blocks Extensible

Exchange Protocol- BEEP).

Thng ip XML: c nhim v gii m cc thng ip theo nh dng XML c th hiu c mc ng dng tng tc vi ngi dng. Hin ti, nhnggiao thc thc hin nhim v ny l XML-RPC, SOAP v REST.

M t dch v: c s dng miu t cc giao din chung cho mt WebServices c th. WSDL thng c s dng cho mc ch ny, n l mtngn ng m t giao tip v thc thi da trn XML. Web Services s s dng

ngn ng ny truyn tham s v cc loi d liu cho cc thao tc v chcnng m Web Servicescung cp.


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Khm ph dch v: tp trung dch v vo trong mt ni c ng k, t

gip mt Web Services c th d dng khm ph ra nhng dch v no ctrn mng, tt hn trong vic tm kim nhng dch v khc tng tc. Mt

Web Services cng phi tin hnh ng k cc dch v khc c th truy cpv giao tip. Hin ti, UDDI API thng c s dng thc hin cng vicny.

Kin trc su hn c m t trong Hnh 2:

Trong , tng giao thc tng tc dch v (Service Communication Protocol) vicng ngh chun l SOAP. SOAP l giao thc nm gia tng vn chuyn v tng m

t thng tin v dch v, cho php ngi dng triu gi mt dch v t xa thng qua mtthng ip XML. Ngoi ra, cc dch v c tnh an ton, ton vn v bo mt thng

tin, trong kin trc Web Services, chng ta c thm cc tng Policy, Security,Transaction, Management.

2.1.4. Cc thnh phn ca Web Services

a) XMLeXtensible Markup Language

L mt chun mdo W3C a ra cho cch thc m t d liu, n c s dng nh ngha cc thnh phn d liu trn trang web v cho nhng ti liu B2B. V hnhthc, XML hon ton c cu trc th ging nh ngn ng HTML nhng HTML nh

ngha thnh phn c hin th nh th no th XML li nh ngha nhng thnh phn cha ci g. Vi XML, cc th c th c lp trnh vin t to ra trn mi trangweb v c chn l nh dng thng ip chun bi tnh ph bin v hiu qu mngun m.

Do Web Services l s kt hp ca nhiu thnh phn khc nhau nn n s dng cc

tnh nng v c trng ca cc thnh phn giao tip. XML l cng c chnh gii quyt vn ny v l kin trc nn tng cho vic xy dng mt Web Services, tt


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c d liu s c chuyn sang nh dng th XML. Khi , cc thng tin m ha s

hon ton ph hp vi cc thng tin theo chun ca SOAP hoc XML-RPC v c thtng tc vi nhau trong mt th thng nht.

b)WSDLWeb Service Description Language

WSDL nh ngha cch m t Web Services theo c php tng qut ca XML, baogm cc thng tin:

Tn dch v.

Giao thc v kiu m ha s c s dng khi gi cc hm ca Web Services .

Loi thng tin: thao tc, tham s, nhng kiu d liu (c th l giao din ca

Web Services cng vi tn cho giao din ny).

Mt WSDL hp l gm hai phn: phn giao din (m t giao din v phng thc kt

ni) v phn thi hnh m t thng tin truy xut CSDL. C hai phn ny s c lutrong 2 tp tin XML tng ng l tp tin giao din dch v v tp tin thi hnh dch v.

Giao din ca mt Web Services c miu t trong phn ny a ra cch thc lm

th no giao tip qua Web Services. Tn, giao thc lin kt v nh dng thng ipyu cu tng tc vi Web Services c a vo th mc ca WSDL.

WSDL thng c s dng kt hp vi XML schema v SOAP cung cp WebServices qua Internet. Mt client khi kt ni ti Web Services c th c WSDL

xc nh nhng chc nng sn c trn server. Sau , client c th s dng SOAP ly ra chc nng chnh xc c trong WSDL.

c) Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI)

c th s dng cc dch v, trc tin client phi tm dch v, ghi nhn thng tin

v cch s dng v bit c i tng no cung cp dch v. UDDI nh ngha mt


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s thnh phn cho bit cc thng tin ny, cho php cc client truy tm v nhn nhngthng tin c yu cu khi s dng Web Services.

Cu trc UDDI :

Trang trng White pages: cha thng tin lin h v cc nh dng chnhyu ca Web Services, chng hn tn giao dch, a ch, thng tin nhndng Nhng thng tin ny cho php cc i tng khc xc nh cdch v.

Trang vngYellow pages: cha thng tin m t Web Services theonhng loi khc nhau. Nhng thng tin ny cho php cc i tng thyc Web Servicestheo tng loi vi n.

Trang xanhGreen pages: cha thng tin k thut m t cc hnh vi vcc chc nng ca Web Services.

Loi dch v tModel: cha cc thng tin v loi dch v c s dng.

Nhng thng tin v Web Services c s dng v cng b ln mng s dng giao

thc ny. N s kch hot cc ng dng tm kim thng tin ca Web Services khcnhm xc nh xem dch v no s cn n n.

d) SOAPSimple Object Access Protocol

Chng ta hiu c bn Web Services nh th no nhng vn cn mt vn khquan trng. l lm th no truy xut dch v khi tm thy? Cu tr li l cc

Web Services c th truy xut bng mt giao thc l Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP. Ni cch khc chng ta c th truy xut n UDDI registry bng cc lnh gihon ton theo nh dng ca SOAP.

SOAP l mt giao thc giao tip c cu trc nh XML. N c xem lcu trc

xng sng ca cc ng dng phn tn c xy dng t nhiu ngn ng v cc hiu hnh khc nhau. SOAP l giao thc thay i cc thng ip da trn XML quamng my tnh, thng thng s dng giao thc HTTP.

Mt client s gi thng ip yu cu ti server v ngay lp tc server s gi nhng

thng ip tr li ti client. C SMTP v HTTP u l nhng giao thc lp ngdng ca SOAP nhng HTTP c s dng v chp nhn rng ri hn bi ngy nayn c th lm vic rt tt vi c s h tng Internet.

Cu trc mt thng ip theo dng SOAP


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Thng ip theo nh dng SOAP l mt vn bn XML bnh thng bao gm cc phnt sau:

Phn t gc envelop: phn t bao trm ni dung thng ip, khai bo vn bn

XML nh l mt thng ip SOAP.

Phn t u trang header: cha cc thng tin tiu cho trang, phn t nykhng bt buc khai bo trong vn bn. Header cn c th mang nhng d liu

chng thc, nhng ch k s, thng tin m ha hay ci t cho cc giao dchkhc.

Phn t khai bo ni dung chnh trong thng ip body, cha cc thng tinyu cu v thng tin c phn hi.

Phn t a ra cc thng tin v li -fault, cung cp thng tin li xy ra trongqa trnh x l thng ip.

Mt SOAP n gin trong body s lu cc thng tin v tn thng ip, tham chiu timt th hin ca dch v, mt hoc nhiu tham s. C 3 kiu thng bo s c a rakhi truyn thng tin: request message(tham s gi thc thi mt thng ip), respond

message (cc tham s tr v, c s dng khi yu cu c p ng) v cui cng lfault message (thng bo tnh trng li).

Kiu truyn thng: C 2 kiu truyn thng

Remote procedure call (RPC): cho php gi hm hoc th tc qua mng. Kiuny c khai thc bi nhiu Web Services.

Document: c bit n nh kiu hng thng ip, n cung cp giao tip mc tru tng thp, kh hiu v yu cu lp trnh vin mt cng sc hn.

Hai kiu truyn thng ny cung cp cc nh dng thng ip, tham s, li gi n cc

API khc nhau nn vic s dng chng ty thuc vo thi gian v s ph hp vi WebServices cn xy dng.

Cu trc d liu: Cung cp nhng nh dng v khi nim c bn ging nh trong ccngn ng lp trnh khc nh kiu d liu (int, string, date) hay nhng kiu phc tp

hn nh struct, array, vector nh ngha cu trc d liu SOAP c t trongnamespace SOAP-ENC.

M ha: Gi s service rquester v service provider c pht trin trong Java, khi

m ha SOAP l lm th no chuyn i t cu trc d liu Java sang SOAP XML vngc li, bi v nh dng cho Web Service chnh l XML. Bt k mt mi trng


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thc thi SOAP no cng phi c mt bng cha thng tin nh x nhm chuyn i t

ngn ng Java sang XML v t XML sang Java bng c gi lSOAPMappingRegistry. Nu mt kiu d liu c s dng di mt dng m ha ths c mt nh x tn ti trong b ng k ca mi trng thc thi SOAP .

2.1.5.Struyn ti dliu

2.1.5.1.SOAP Binding

Thut ng m t lm th no mt thng ip SOAP tng tc c vi mt

giao thc vn chuyn nh HTTP, SMTP hay FTP di chuyn trn Internet. iu

quan trng l SOAP di chuyn bng mt giao thc chun lin lc vi cc sn phm

Web Services khc.

Trc SOAP, nhiu ngi pht trin to ra cc phng php ca ring h

chuyn ti mt ti liu XML trn mng. Cc cch ny vn hot ng tt trong phm vi

mt nhm c th. Tuy nhin khi bn cn lm vic vi mt nhm khc trong hay bnngoi cng ty th iu ny trnn kh khn v phi hun luyn v c ththay i

lm vic vi vic truyn ti ti liu XML m hang s dng. Bng cch s dng mt

ti liu XML chun trn cc giao thc chun, cng vic cn lm khi cng tc vi nhau

sc gim thiu ti a

2.1.5.2.SOAP Message Exchang Pattern (MEP)

Thut ng m t lm th no m mt ti liu SOAP trao i gia pha my

khch v ch. Thng ip SOAP s hu mt lin kt, nh l HTTP, n c th

truyn trn Internet. Vic ni chuyn gia my khch v ch, y l cc nt, xc

nh cc hnh ng m c hai pha thc hin.

Nhc li SOAP l mt XML ng gi RPC. V th, MEP hon ton l yu cuv phn hi gia my khch v ch(hay cc nt khc). Nh vy nu c nhu cu lin


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lc gia cc nt th vic ny c thc hin bng nhiu yu cu v phn hi hon

tt vic truyn thng ip. Cch ny khc hn vi cc cng nghi tng t xa khc

nh CORBA, cng ngh c thc hin ch trong mt kt ni.

2.1.5.3.SOAP Application

Mt ng dng SOAP n gin l mt ng dng dng SOAP theo mt vi cch

khc nhau. Vi ng dng hon ton da trn chun SOAP, nh l Web Services c

phiu, hoc dng chun SOAP nhn m v cc cp nht ca phn mm. Ch l

mt ng dng c th to, s dng hoc l nt trung gian ca Web Services.

2.1.5.4.SOAP Node

Trch nhim ca mt nt c th bao gm gi, nhn, x l hoc truyn ti li

mt thng ip SOAP. Mt nt ch l mt phn nh ca phn mm, x l mt ti liu

SOAP ph thuc vo vai tr ca n. Bn cnh vic truyn d liu, mt nt c trch

nhim m bo thng tin XML trong ti liu SOAP phi ng ng php theo chun

SOAP.

2.1.5.5.SOAP Role

Mt vai tr ca SOAP nh ngha mt nt c th hot ng nh th no. N c

th l nt gi, nhn hoc nt trung gian.

2.1.5.6.SOAP Sender

Nt gi l nt gi yu cu SOAP. Nu bn ngh n v d ca ng dng khch

ch th khi ng dng khch thc hin yu cu, n gi thng ip ti ng dng ch

yu cu vi thng tin.


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2.1.5.7.SOAP Receiver

Ngc li vi SOAP sender l nt nhn.

2.1.5.8.SOAP Intermediary

Mt nt trung gian c th xem mt thng ip SOAP v tng tc trn vi phn

thng tin ca thng ip, v chuyn n v tr k tip ca thng ip. Mt nt trung

gian thng hot ng nh mt router. Mt router s xem xt thng tin ca gi tin

chuyn trn mng, tm im k tip ca gi tin v chuyn gi tin n .

2.1.5.9.Message Path

Mt thng ip SOAP di chuyn t pha bn gi n pha bn nhn thng ip

thng qua nhiu nt trung gian. Tuyn ng i ca thng ip c gi l mt

Message Path.

2.1.5.10.Initial SOAP Sender

Nt gi yu cu SOAP u tin l nt gi SOAP ban u.

2.1.5.11.SOAP Feature

Mt c im SOAP l mt phn chc nng ca phn mm h trchc nng

SOAP.

2.1.5.12.Cc thut nglin quan n XML


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Chun SOAP cng nh ngha mt tp nh cc phn tXML ng gi d

liu c truyn gia cc nt. Tht s ch c vi phn t v phn thn ca thng ip

c th khc nhau ph thuc vo ci t. S uyn chuyn ny c cho php bi chun

SOAP.

2.1.5.13.SOAP Message

y l ti liu XML c truyn bi mt nt SOAP gi hoc nhn. Mt nt gi

hoc nt khch to ra mt ti liu XML cha thng tin m pha bn khch cn t pha

ch. Mt khi ti liu c truyn, pha bn ch phn gii thng tin trong ti liu

truy xut cc gi tr khc nhau v to mt thng ip SOAP mi phn hi.

2.1.5.14.SOAP Envelope

y l phn t gc ca ti liu SOAP XML. Ti liu SOAP cha nhiu nhngha khng gian tn (namespace) nhng cc phn t lin quan ti thng ip SOAP

s c ENV: l tip u ng.

2.1.5.15.SOAP Header

Phn u ca mt thng ip SOAP cha mt khi thng tin u trong ti liuXML nh tuyn v x l thng ip SOAP. D liu ny tch ri khi phn thn

ca ti liu c cha thng tin lin quan n i tng c gi.

2.1.5.16.SOAP Header Block


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Phn u ca SOAP cha nhiu phn gii hn hay l nhiu khi thng tin c

mt khi thng tin ca phn u. Nhng khi thng tin ca phn u ny cha thng

tin v cc nt trung gian v mt nt cn bit nt k tip thng ip c gi n.

2.1.5.17.SOAP Body

Phn thn ca SOAP tht s cha thng tin ca i tng x l thng tin.

Phn thn sau khi c phn tch s trthnh i tng. i tng x l thng tin v

kt quc t trong phn thn ca ti liu tr v.

2.1.5.18.SOAP Fault

y l mt phn thng tin ca SOAP cha thng tin n bt k li g xy ra ti

mt nt SOAP.

2.1.6. An ton cho Web Services

Web Services lin kt v tng tc vi cc ng dng qua Internet, chnh v vy bo

mt l mt vn c quan tm khi cc cng ty tin ti kt hp ng dng vi mtWeb Services. Vic m bo an ton cho Web Services l mt vn quan trng, c

bit i vi nhng dch v lin quan n trao i tin t, thng tin t th trng chng

khon hay dch v bn hng qua mng (lin quan n tr tin bng ti khon v c yucu thng tin c nhn ca ngi dng).

Trc khi c WS-Security (bo mt cho Web Services) th ngha thng thng caan ton Web Services l bo mt knh truyn d liu. Hin nay, n c thc hin cho

nhng SOAP/HTTP da trn c ch truyn thng ip bng cch s dng giao thcHTTPS. Khng ch l an ton mc truyn thng ip, HTTPS cn cung cp s anton ti ton b gi d liu HTTP.

Mc d HTTPS khng bao gm tt c cc kha cnh trong chun an ton chung choWeb Services nhng n cung cp mt lp bo mt kh y vi nh danh, chng

thc, tnh ton vn thng ip hay tin cy.


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m bo an ton cho Web Services:

Khi nim v WS-Security: y l mt chun an ton bao trm cho SOAP, n c

dng khi mun xy dng nhng Web Services ton vn v tin cy. Ton vn c ngha

l khi c mt giao dch hay khi truyn thng tin, h thng v thng tin s khng bchn, giao dch s khng b mt cng nh khng th c ngi ly cp c d liutrn ng truyn. WS-security c thit k mang tnh m nhm hng ti nhngm hnh an ton khc bao gm PKI, Kerberos v SSL. N cng a ra nhiu h tr

cho cc c ch an ton khc, nhiu khun dng ch k v cng ngh m ha, m bos an ton, ton vn thng ip v tnh tin cy ca thng ip. Tuy nhin, WS-securitycng cha th m bo c tt c yu cu v bo mt v an ton thng tin, n ch lmt trong nhng lp ca gii php an ton cho Web Services.

Tnh ton vn to ra mt ch k s ha XML da trn ni dung ca thng ip. Nud liu bthay i bt hp php, n s khng cn thch hp vi ch k s ha XML. Ch k ny c to ra da trn kha m ngi gi thng ip to ra, do ngi

nhn ch nhn thng ip khi c ch k s dng v ni dung ph hp. Ngc li s cmt thng bo li. Vic chng thc c thc hin gia client v server l cch chngthc rt c bn (s dng nh danh ngi dng v mt khu).

WS-security ch l mt trong nhng lp an ton v bo mt cho Web Services, v vy

cn mt m hnh an ton chung ln hn c th bao qut c cc kha cnh khc.Cc thnh phn c thm c th l WS-Secure Conversation Describes,WS-

Authentication Describes,WS-Policy Describes hay WS-Trust Describes. Chng sthc hin vic m bo an ton hn cho h thng khi trao i d liu, m v ng cc

phin lm vic cng nh qun l d liu cn chng thc v chnh sch chng thc.

2.1.7. Xy dng mt Web Services

C 4 giai on chnh xy dng mt Web Services l xy dng, trin khai, tin hnh

v qun l, trong :

Giai on xy dng bao gm pht trin v chy th ng dng Web Services,

xy dng cc chc nng v nh ngha dch v. C hai cch khc nhau tinhnh trong giai on ny, l Red-path- solod v Blue-path-dashed. Vi Red-

path-solod, chng ta s xy dng mt Web Services mi t trng thi ban uhoc vi mt dch v c sn. T , xy dng nh ngha service (WSDL)vi cc i tng, hm chc nng m chng ta mong mun. Nu theo cch

Blue-path-dashed, Web Services s c xy dng t u hoc t mt nh

ngha dchv WSDL. S dng WSDL ny, xy dng hoc sa i li m thc hin cc yu cu mong mun trong Web Services.


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Giai on trin khai: cng b nh ngha dch v, xy dng WSDL v trin khai

m thc thi ca Web Services. Trin khai Web Services ti mt ng dng phaserver, sau s cng b Web Services trn mng Internet cc client c thnhn thy. S dng UDDI registry cng b ln mng.

Giai on tin hnh: tm kim v gi thc thi Web Services bi nhng ngidng mun s dng dch v.

Qun l: Qun l v qun tr dch v, duy tr s n nh ca dch v, cp nhtthng tin mi, sa li khi n xy ra

xy dng mt Web Services, chng ta cn hiu c nhng vic phi lm v nn

bt u t u. C 3 cch tip cn ch yu xy dng nn mt Web Services, c th

t mt ng dng c (bottom-up); t mt nh ngha dch v, WSDL pht sinhmt ng dng mi (top-down) hoc c th t mt nhm cc Web Services hin c, kt

hp li vi nhau to nn cc chc nng mi hoc m rng thm chc nng. Nhnghng tip cn ny da trn nhng g m chng ta c, ty thuc vo yu cu ca hthng, trong ti a vic s dng li cc chc nng, cc thnh phn, mun cxy dng.

Qui trnh xy dng mt Web Servicesbao gm cc bc sau:

1. nh ngha vxy dng cc chc nng, cc dch v m dch v s cung cp (sdng ngn ng Java chng hn).2. To WSDL cho dch v

3. Xy dng SOAP server4. ng k WSDL vi UDDI registry cho php cc client c th tm thy v truyxut.

5. Client nhn file WSDL v t xy dng SOAP client c th kt ni vi SOAPserver

6. Xy dng ng dng pha client (chng hn s dng Java) v sau gi thc hindch v thng qua vic kt ni ti SOAP server.

La chn mt ngn ng, xy dng cc tin trnh nghip v v chng ta bt u to nnmt Web Services nh mun. Sau l cung cp Web Services ny trn Internet.

2.1.8. Tch hp Web Services theo chun

c th thnh cng vi Web Services chng ta phi quan tm n kh nhiu vn, bao gm vic trin khai, gim st v tch hp h thng. Doanh nghip khng nhng

phi pht trin mt ng dng Web Services mi m cn phi tch hp cc ng dng


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nghip v ph tr ca h trong kin trc Web Services. Cng vi vic trin khai v

tch hp, nhng nh kinh doanh v nhngngi s dng k thut cng cn c khnng gim st, trin khai ton din m bo hot ng kinh doanh hiu qu v tincy.

Gim st (monitoring): Cn h tr c mc cng c v c s h tng gimst cc Web Services chy nh th no qua ton b mng, t mt chi nhnh conca mt cng ty trn mng ti cc chi nhnh khc trong cng ty hay giao tip

vi doanh nghip khc. Kt hp thng bo theo s kin vi cc li trong lungnghip v cho nhng ngi dng khng c kinh nghim gim st Web Servicesv cc dch v k tha khc.

Xc nh ng i d liu (Data routing): Vic thit lp ng i ca d liu

gia nhng thnh phn ca Web Services hng ti ti a ha kh nng sdng li. Nu coi mt thnh phn (component) l mt i tng th mi thhin(instance) ca n s khng quan tm n cc th hin khc ca cng thnh

phn . Nhng th hin ca cng mt thnh phn c th d dng c s dngli trong cc ng dng phn tn khc bi v chng hon ton c lp v khng

ph thuc ln nhau.

Trin khai (Deployment): Trin khai cc Web Services c kh nng nng cp,

iu khin v cu hnh cc thnh phn t xa thng qua mng phn tn.

Qun l (Management): C th xy dng theo kin trc P2P (Peer-to-Peer).Cc hot ng chnh nh thc thi cc thnh phn, nh tuyn d liu, x l

lung cng vic v chuyn i d liu c thc hin ti cc im cui camng. Server s tp trung gii quyt cc hot ng khc nh qun l, iu khins kin, chng thc bo mt v qun tr.

Cu hnh v qun l phin bn (Configuration and version management): S

dng cc cng c linh hot qun l cc phin bn khc nhau ca WebServices, cho php cc phin bn c nng cp v iu khin t mt cng cqun l tp trung. Kt hp gia ng dng v mng gip cc k s trin khai c

th iu khin cc thnh phn chy trn nn tng h thng phn cng c th bntrong mng.

Bo mt (Security): cc chun m nh HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL v chunbo mt JSM c s dng rng ri khin chng tr thnh l tng xy

dng cc ng dng web. u tin, Web Services s dng nhng cng ngh ny

ging nh firewall, SSL v cc chng nhn s. Web Services th h sau ny s


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kt hp vi nhng cng ngh c kh nng bo mt cao hn, ging nh m haXML v chng nhn s XML.

Nh vy, vi mt Web Services, vic giao tip v truyn nhn d liu tr nn ddng v hiu qu hn, ng thi em li chi ph thp hn v tng cng nhng khnng giao tip thi gian thc, kt ni vi mi ngi trn khp th gii. Bn cht ca

nn tng cng ngh ny l kin trc hng dch v v s pht trin ca Web Servicesc tng lai rt kh quan.

2.2. Ni dung chng trnh Cc chc nng chnh ca ng dng:

New Game

Exit.

To my ch

Chn i th l cc my kt ni ti Kt ni ti 1 my

Giao din ca Game


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Bn c th sdng tt c cc chc nng ca game rt d dng.

Giao din khi chi v bn l ngi dnh chin thng

PHN 3: KT LUN

Qu trnh lm small project gp khng t kh khn do thi gian cn hn ch, nhng

nhm chng em c gng hon thin ti vi cc chc nng c bn. Bn cnh

nhm chng em cng hc c rt nhiu kin thc b ch v trau di kinh

nghim cho bn thn mnh, mra nhng hiu bit mi v cng ngh mi.


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Kt qut c:

Xy dng c chng trnh chi c caro s dng cng ngh Webservice vi cc

chc nng c bn sau:

New Game

Exit.

To my ch

Chn i th l cc my kt ni ti

Kt ni ti 1 my

Hn ch: Cn mt s chc nng cha hon thin.

Hng pht trin ca ti:

To mt chng trnh vi y cc chc nng hon thin hn na.

Giao din hi ha, p hn

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n thy o Anh Hin cung cp cho chng em

cc kin thc v lp trnh mng ni chung v cng ngh webservice ni ring chngem c th hon thnh tt ti ny. Chngem cng rt mong nhn c nhng ng

gp, nhn xt qu bu ca thy, c cng cc bn ti ca chng em c hon

thin hn.

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]. o Anh Hin, Lp trnh mng vi C#.

[2]. NetworkProgramming.

[3]. http://vi.wikipedia.org

[4]. http://www.thegioimanguon.com

[4]. http://www.phpvn.org/index.php?topic=301.0

[5]. https://sites.google.com/site/vodailuong/tap-huan-lap-trinh/webservice
http://vi.wikipedia.org/http://vi.wikipedia.org/http://www.phpvn.org/index.php?topic=301.0http://www.phpvn.org/index.php?topic=301.0http://vi.wikipedia.org/


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