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7/14/2019 Cng ngh x l nc thi ch bin thu sn

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Cng ngh xl nc thi Thy Sn- Ch bin Mc, Ch bin Tm *** Copyright 2012 by Getech, All right reserved. Xin ghi r ngun khi bn pht hnh li thng tin tti liu thuc bn quyn ca Getech.

GETEC

2012

X L NC THICH BIN THY SN CH BIN MC, TM

I. NGUN PHT SINH NC THI

1.1nh gi ngun thiCh bin thu sn l mt trong nhng ngnh pht sinh nhim nng vi thnh phn nc

thi ch yu nh sau:

Cht thi rn: Cc b phn mc, tm, thi b

Ha cht ty ra .

Cc cht nhim hu c.

Cht nhim Nit, Pht Pho.

c th la chn cng ngh x l ph hp, ta cn nh gi cc thnh phn nhim trn.

a. Cht thi rn

Cc b phn mc, tm thi b cn st b li cun theo dng thi. Khi vo trm x l,

cc cht rn c th lm nghn bm hay tc nght ng ng. Do vy, cn c loi b

bng cc thit b lc rc tinh v h thng ha l.

b. Du m

Trong nc thi ca Qu Cng ty tn ti lng du m nhiu, do nghnh ngh ch bin

ch yu l c. Nn cn p dng cng ngh tuyn ni vt du m.

c. Ha cht ty ra

T vic v sinh, ty ra my mc, thit b nh xng, mt lng ha cht s xm nhp

vo h thng x l thng qua nc thi. Cc cht ny c tnh n mn cao, lm gim tuith cng trnh. ng thi, y cng l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn hn ch s pht

trin ca vi sinh vt, lm cho cc cng on x l sinh hc khng th t hiu sut yu

cu.

Cht ty ra ch yu ca Qu Cng ty l x bng v Clo. Lng Clo d trong nc nh

hng ln n qu trnh x l, Clo s lm vi sinh sc ti v khng pht trin c, v th

loi Clo d l iu cn thit.

Cng ngh kh Clo d chng ti a ra l kt hp gia Cng ngh ui kh bng h

thng sc kh trong b iu ha vi thi gian lu 6 gi.


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d. Cc cht nhim hu c Nc thi thy sn c hm lng cht nhim hu c (COD, BOD) cao do tip nhn

ngun protein v lipit t tm, c, s Cc cht nhim ny c ti lng ln, khi thivo nc sng s gy nhim nghim trng ngun tip nhn. Ph hy h sinh thi sng,

nh hng n v sinh y t cng ng.

Thnh phn nhim hu c ny c kh nng phn hy khi tip xc vi vi sinh vt (c

kh nng x l sinh hc cao), nht l cc chng chn lc. Do vy, bin php x l ph

hp l ng dng cng ngh x l sinh hc.

e. Cc cht nhim Nit, Pht pho

Trn bnh din sc kho Nit tn ti trong nc thi c th gy nn hiu ng v mi

trng. S c mt caNit trong nc thi c th gy ra nhiu nh hng xu n h

sinh thi v sc kho cng ng. Khi trong nc thi c nhiu Amnic c th gy ccho c v h ng vt thu sinh, lm gim lng xy ho tan trong nc. Khi hm lng

nit trong nc cao cng thm hm lng phtpho c th gy ph dng ngun tip

nhn lm nc c mu v mi kh chu c bit l lng xy ho tan trong nc gim

mnh gy ngt cho c v h sinh vt trong h.

1.2Thnh phn tnh cht nc thiThnh phn v tnh cht nhim c trng ca nc thi nh my c th hin trong bn sau:

Bng 1. Thnh phn v tnh cht nc thi

STT THNG S N V Gi Tru vo Gi tr u raQCVN 11:2008 - Ct A

1 pH - 6.46.6 6 -9

2 BOD5 mg/l 400 - 1000 30

3 COD mg/l 1000 - 2500 50

4 Tng cht rn l lng (TSS) mg/l 2000 - 3500 50

5 Tng Nit mg/l 120 - 200 30

6 Tng pht pho (P-PO4-) mg/l 20 - 40 6

7 Du m ng thc vt mg/l 10 - 60 10

8 Tng Cliforms MPN/100ml 109 3000


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1.3Thng sthit k Thnh phn v tnh cht nhim c trng ca nc thi nh my c chng ti a ra

cng ngh ph hp, xl nc thi t chun.Cng sut : 300 m3/ngy m

Ti lng COD : 860 kgCOD/ngy

Ti lng BOD : 260 kgBOD/ngy

II. M T CNG NGH XL

2.1c im cng ngh xl Cng ngh xl nc thi ti Nh my ch bin Thy sn Trng Nhnbao gm h thng

x l: C hc, ha l, sinh hc.

H thng x l c thit k ph hp vi iu kin thc t ca nh my, m bo tiu chun

nc thi u ra t tiu chun loi A theo QCVN 11:2008 ca BTi Nguyn Mi Trng ban

hnh.

2.2S cng nghCng ngh x l nc thi c thit k ti u, x l ht cc cht bn trong nc thi

Thy sn. hiu r thm, vui lng coi bn v nh km.


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Bm chm

Bn

d

Bn sau lng

Bn

tunhon

Nctunhon

Bn thi b

Ncsau

tch

bn

Dng kh

Ha ch t PAC

Ha ch t Polymer

Dng kh

Dng kh

Ho ch tChlorine

Lc rc tinh Ch t thi r n

Phn bn

B L ng Lamen 2 T07

B Sinh Hc Thi u Kh T05

B Sinh Hc Hiu Kh T06

B Kh Trng

Nc Thi u Rat QCVN 11:2008 Ct A

(Thi ra sng)

SN PHI BN T09Bn Lc p Lc

Nc thi t nh my

B To Bng T03

B iu Ha T01

B L ng Lamen 1 T04

B Keo T T02


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2.3Thuyt minh cng ngh xlH thng x l chng ti thit k c cng sut thit k: 300m3/ngy m. Cng ngh v

thit k chng ti a ra c uim l: x l trit nc thi t nh my, h thng vnhnh n nh, t sc ti, chi ph vn hnh thp (in + ha cht), d vn hnh, t gy mi.

Thit k ny p dng cho nhiu cng trnh trn th gii, ti Vit Nam chng ti p

dng cho cng trnh x l nc thi v t hiu qucao. bit r v thit k chng ti

a ra, xin vui lng xem tip..

Nc thi t qu trnh sn xut theo h thng thu gom tp trung v h thng x l m

u tin l chy vo Biu ha (T01). Trc khi vo T01, nc thi chy qua thit b

lc rc tinh CS. Thit b c tc dng gi li cc cht rn c kch thc ln trong dng

thi, bo v cc my bm WP-01/02 ca B T01. Cc my bm ny hot ng lun

phin hay ng thi c nhim vbm nc thi ln B keo t (T02). Biu ha (T01)

c tc dng iu ho lu lng v nng nc thi. Trong b T01, khng kh c

cung cp thng qua h thng phn phi kh t di y b nhm xo trn u nc thi

v hn ch qu trnh ym kh xy ra (qu trnh ym kh pht sinh mi hi rt mnh). Mt

khc, ti b T02 c chc nng loi bClo d trong nc thi u vo bng cch lm

thong kh.

Ti B keo t(T02) nc thi c chm ha cht keo t PAC gom cc cn l lng

huyn ph trong nc thnh cc cn c kch thc ln hn. Nc ti B keo tc

khuy trn vi PAC bng mt gim tc c cnh khuy. Nc ti B keo t s chy trnsang B to bng (T03).

Ti B to bng (T03) nc thi c chm ha cht to bng Polymer keo cc cn l

lng kch thc nhtrong nc thnh cc cn c kch thc ln hn v d lng. Nc ti

B to bng c khuy trn vi Polymer bng mt gim tc c cnh khuy. Nc ti

B to bng s chy trn sang B lng lamen 1 (T04).

Ti b lng lamen 1 (T04), ti y s din ra qu trnh tch cn l lng ra khi nc nh

h thng tm lng vch nghing Lamen. Bn nc gom v trung tm b nhy c

dc ph hp. Ti y, ta lp t 01 bm bn SP-01 bm bn vSn phi bn (T09),

bn d c bm vSn phi bn (T09).

Nc ti T05 chy trn qua h thng B sinh hc thiu kh Anoxic (T05) v tip tc

chy trn qua B sinh hc Hiu KhOxic (T06). Qu trnh ny gi l qu trnh A/O 2


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bc, kt hp gia x l sinh hc thiu kh v hiu kh. Ti h thng A/O, nc thi c

kh cht hu c, Nit, Pht pho, Sunfua rt hiu qu. Cng nghny p dng cho

nhiu cng trnh, nc sau x l n nh, t cht lng. Trong B T06 ta lp t 01bmWP-03 bm nc tun hon v B T05. Trong h thng b A/O, h vi sinh vt thiu

kh v hiu kh tn ti di dng bng bn l lng c vai tr chuyn ho cc cht hu c

thnh sn phm cui cng l CO2, H2O cung cp dng kh cho vi sinh hot ng

v duy tr trng thi l lng cho bn hot tnh, khng kh c cp vo b qua cc thit b

phn phi kh bt th v bt mn. Lng oxy ho tan trong bc tnh ton k.

Nc thi t T06 chy qua B lng Lamen 2 (T07), ti y s din ra qu trnh tch bn

hot tnh v nc thi x l nhh thng tm lng vch nghing Lamen. Bn c

gom v trung tm b nhy c dc ph hp. Ti y, ta lp t 01 bm bn SP0-2

bm bn tun ha v b T06, bn d c bm vSn phi bn T09.

T B lng lamen 2, nc thi c chy trn sang B kh trng (T08), v chng s

c kh trng bng dung dch chlorine m bo ch tiu vi sinh trc khi thi ra mi

trng. Ti ngn th 2 ca T08 c 02 bm ni WP-04/05 bm sang Bn lc p lc.

Nc thi sau xl t cc chtiu theo tiu chun QCVN 11-2008, ct A (thng s

u ra t theo bng 1tr ang 12 v13)v c dn vo cng thot.

Sn phi bn c trang b cc ng thu nc t di y, bn trn ph Ct, si h tr

tch bn. Bn sau 3 ngy c tch ht nc (khng cn trlng bng Polymer), v

gom nh k lm phn bn. Bn ny rt giu pht pho v dinh dng.2.4u im ca cng ngh xl chng ti a ra Xl nc thi t tiu chun theo yu cu.

Chim t din tch.

Vn hnh n gin, Tiu th ha cht t.

D lp t, d bo tr.

Cng ngh p dng x l thiu kh trc x l hiu kh nn gim khi tch cng trnh v

tit kim din tch mt bng.

Cng ngh A/O 02 giai on: Tit kim chi ph in do gim nng lng cung cp cho

qu trnh sc kh v x l bn ca b sinh hc.


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GETEC

2012

Cng ngh A/O 02 giai on: c tnh linh ng cao trong vic iu chnh thng s hot

ng cho ph hp vi cc thay i ca nc thi. iu ny rt quan trng i vi thi

gian lu di khi lu lng nc thi c thtng ln. Cng ngh A/O 02 giai on: c khnng khNit v pht pho rt cao, gip nc thi

u ra t tiu chun.

Cng ngh A/O 02 giai on: hn ch s sc ti trng hu c ng k trong iu kin

nng nhim thay i t ngt trong thi gian ngn.

Slinh ng trong c ch vn hnh s gip h thng xl nc thi p ng yu cu x

l mt cch an ton m vn tit kim khi c thiu chnh cc ch chy khc nhau: c

ha cht, khng ha cht

Cc cng trnh hn chc mi hi pht sinh ra so vi cng nghkhc, m bo an

ton mi trng. Bn sau xl c em lm phn bn.

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