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Structure 2 – Fall 2013
7th Class: October 13, 2013Modul 10-11: Adverbial Clauses I & II
Paramitha [email protected]
Universitas Terbuka Korea Selatan
Class 7 : Adverbial Clauses I & IIAdverbial clauses adalah anak kalimat.Adverbial clauses yang akan dibahas adalah:1. Adverbial clauses of time : anak kalimat dgn kata
penghubung yang menunjukkan waktu2. Adverbial clauses of place : anak kalimat dgn kata
penghubung yang menunjukkan tempat3. Adverbial clauses of result : anak kalimat dgn kata
penghubung yang menyatakan akibat4. Adverbial clauses of purpose : anak kalimat dgn
kata penghubung yang menyatakan tujuan
Learning Activity 1Adverbial clauses of time
Adverbial clauses of timeConjunction Meaning Sentence
When Ketika The children were studying when I arrived
After Setelah After she graduates, she will find a job
Before Sebelum Lock the door before you go to bed
While Saat / ketika While he was walking home, he saw an accident
By the time Pada saat By the time he arrives, she had already left
Since Sejak Since father come, Doni always stays with him
Until Sampai I will be waiting until you finished your job
As soon as Secepatnya setelah I will go as soon as I wrap this package
Once Secepatnya setelah Once she makes up her mind, she never changes it
As long as Selama You may keep the book as long as you need it
Every time Setiap kali Every time I met her, I remember my mom
The first time Saat pertama kali The first time I saw her, she was very beautiful
The next time Pada kesempatan berikutnya
The next time I meet her, I will tell her that she is beautiful
Perhatikan table di halaman 10.6 & 10.7!
Reduction of adverbial clauses to modifying phrases
• Mempersingkat adverbial clause menjadi modifying phrases. 1. Menghilangkan subjek dan to be dari dependent clause
2. Jika tidak ada ‘to be’, maka
Adverbial clause Modifying Phrases
While I was walking to the office, I saw a car accident.
While walking to the office, I saw a car accident.
Adverbial clause Modifying Phrases
Before I came to the class, I had a cup of coffee.
Before coming to the class, I had a cup of coffee.
Learning point:1. Modifying phrases dapat dikerjakan jika independent dan dependent
clause memiliki subjek yang sama. 2. Kata while pada modifying phrases dapat dihilangkan saat menyatakan
kejadian yang terjadi pada waktu yang bersamaan. Ex: Walking to the office, I saw a car accident.
Learning Activity 2Adverbial clauses of place
Adverbial clauses of placeConjunction Meaning SentencesWhere Di mana / pada
tempatShe lives where here sister used to live.Moss grows where there is shade
Wherever Di mana saja/ ke mana saja
Wherever you go, you will find difficultiesYou can sit wherever you like
Everywhere Di mana-mana I’ve looked for it everywhere (that) I know, but I cant find it
Anywhere Di mana pun We will go anywhere you like
Any place Di tempat mana pun I’ll go to any place (that) you suggest
Every place Di semua tempat You can go to every place you want
Learning Point!Modifying phrases dapat dihasilkan dengan menghilangkan Subjek dan to be tanpa mengubah arti kalimat
Adverbial clause Modifying Phrases
Repairs will be made wherever they are necessary.
Repairs will be made wherever necessary.
Learning Activity 3Adverbial Clauses of Result
Adverbial Clauses of ResultConjunction Example
So …. That• So + adjective/adverb + that
The coffee is so hot that I can’t drink it.
Such (a/an) …. + that• such a + singular countable noun• such + plural countable noun• such + non countable noun
This is such an ugly chair that I am going to give it away. This is such delicious food that I want to eat more.
So that … They studied diligently so that they won the prize.
Adverbial clause of result. Sinta did not study well so that she failed the final exam.
Adverbial clause of cause Sinta failed the exam because she did not study well.
Transitions :Therefore, consequently, accordingly, as a result.
Sinta didn’t study well. Therefore, she failed the exam. Sinta didn’t study well; consequently, she failed the exam. Sinta didn’t study well. She, therefore, failed the exam.
Perhatikan perbedaan antara adverbial clause of result dan cause!
Learning Point!Transition dapat diletakkan di awal, tengah, atau pun akhir dari adverbial clause
Learning Activity 4Adverbial Clauses of Purpose
Adverbial Clauses of PurposeConjunction Meaning Sentences
In order that Agar I turned of the TV in order that my roommate could study
In order to Agar I turned of the TV in order to enable my roommate to study
In hope that Dgn harapan agar
They are working hard in the hope that they can finish on time
For the purpose that
Agar He is saving money for the purpose that he can go to college
So (informal) Sehingga He sat in front row so he heard all of the lecture
So that Sehingga He sat in front row so that he heard all of the lecture
Learning point!1. In order that diikuti klausa; In order to diikuti invinitive2. Urutan tenses dalam purpose clause harus sama.
• Main clause (present), dependent clause (present);Main clause (past), dependent clause (past).
3. Perbedaan “So that” ! • So that pada adverbial clause of purpose diikuti oleh auxiliary
• I wanted a college education so that I might get a good job• So that pada adverbial clause of result tidak diikuti oleh auxiliary
• I wanted a college education so that I enrolled at the university.
Adverbial Clauses of Purpose• Prepositional phrase ‘for’ dapat digunakan untuk
menyatakan ‘tujuan’. Contohnya:• They went to the railway station early for the purpose of buying the
train tickets. • They went to the railway station early for the train tickets.
• Adverbial clause pada awal kalimat digunakan untuk menekankan maksud tertentu dan untuk tujuan negatif. Conjunction yang biasa digunakan: In order that dan for fear that.
• In order that he might learn English, Mr. X decided to take the expensive english class.
• For fear that any of the children might get lost, the parents decided to let them stay in the car
