tieu luan biogas

7/31/2019 tieu luan biogas

1/36


2/36

ti:Cng Ngh Biogas.Nhm bao gm cc thnh vin:

M Khc Duy.-Nhm Trng

Nguyn Minh Tin.

Nguyn Kim Khoa.

Ngc Thnh.

Nguyn Hong Minh Thng

Nguyn Vn Long.GVHD:Th.s V Hi Yn


3/36

Cng ngh Biogas

Ni dung Chng I: S lc ngun nguyn liu v x

l nguyn liu. Chng II: Tng quan v cng ngh Biogas.

Chng III: Thit k hm Biogas.

Chng IV: ng dng cng ngh Biogas.

Cng ngh Biogas


4/36

Cng ngh Biogas

Chng I :

S lc v ngun nguyn liu v vic x

l ngun nguyn liu trc khi

Ngun nguyn liu :

-Ph liu, ph thi trong sn xutnng, lm nghip

- Phn gia scl ch yu.


5/36

Kh nng cho phn v thnh phnho hc ca phn gia sc,gia cm :

Vt nui

Kh nng cho phnhng ngy ca 500kg

v.nui

Thnh phn ho hc( % khi lng phn ti )

Th

tch :m 3

Trng

lngti (kg)

Cht

tan dtiu

Nit Photpho T l

Carbon /Nit

B sa

B thtLn

Tru

Gia cm

0,038

0,0380,028

----

0,028

38,5

41,728,4

6,78

31,3

7,98

9,337,02

10,2

16,8

0,38

0,700,83

0,31

1,20

0,10

0,200,47

----

1,20

20-25

20-2520-25

----

7-15


6/36

.3 X l nguyn liu :

cn phi chn lc k v x l sao choph hp vi yu cu sau :

- Giu cellulose.

- t Ligin

- NH4+ban u khong 2000mg/l

- T l carbon / nit : 20/30- Nguyn liu phi c ho tan trong

nc


7/36

nh hng ca cc loi phn n snlng v thnh phn ca kh thu c

:Nguyn liu Snlng khm3/kg

phn kh

Hm lngCH4 (%) Thi gianln men(ngy)

Phn b

Phn giacm

Phn g

Phn heo

Phn ngi

1,11

0,56

0,311,02

0,38

57

69

6068

----

10

9

3020

21Cng ngh Biogas


8/36

Pha ch nguyn liu, v hn hp kh sau khiln men 210C

Nguyn liu

Sn lng kh

m3/ kg ng.liu

Thnh phn sau 21ngy (%)

24 ngy 80 ngy CH4 H2 CO2

Phn bPhn b +0,4% b ma

Phn b +1% tro bp

Phn b + 1% cellulose

Phn b +0,4% b ma+1% ur

Phn b +1% l tp(1,7N)

0,0630,071

0,061

0,084

0,081

0,081

0,210,21

0,19

0,21

0,26

0,22

60,057,6

60,4

52,8

68,0

68,0

1,12,1

2,9

---

---

---

34,438,4

34,4

44,0

30,6

---


9/36

Chng II :TNG QUAN V CNG NGH BIOGAS

1 Biogas?

- Khi nim : Biogas hay cn gi l cngngh sn xut kh sinh hc, l qu trnh phn rc, phn hu c, bn cng rnh, to ra ngun kh sinh hc s dngtrong h gia nh hay trong sn xut.


10/36

2 C s l thuy t ca cng nghBiogas :

Da vo cc vi khun ym kh ln menphn hu k kh cc cht hu c sinh ra

mt hn hp kh c th chy c : H2,H2S, NH3, CH4, C2H2, trong CH4 lsn phm kh ch yu

S qu trnh ln men Metan :


11/36


12/36

Giai on I Giai on II Giai on III

Cht hu c,carbohydrates ,

cht bo ,protein .

Khi Vi khunH2 ,CO2

Acid acetic

Acid propionic , Acidbutyric ,Cc ru khcv cc thnh phn khc

Khi Vikhun

H2 , CO2Acid acetic

hi Vi

Khun

CH4,CO2

Tc dngca vi khun Vi khun Vi khun sinh kh

ln men v thy phn acetogenic Metan

Qu trnh ln men metan chia lm 3 giai on :


13/36

Giai on I :

Cht hu c phc tp:

Cht hu c n gin

(PROTEIN, A.AMIN, LIPID)

Vi khun closdium bipiclobacterium,bacillus gram m khng sinhbo t, staphy loccus.

(ALBUMOZ PEPIT,GLYXERIN, A.BO)


14/36

Giai on II :hnh thnh acid (phaacid)

Nh vo vi khun acetogenic bacteria (vikhun tng hp acetat), cc hydratescarbon acid c phn t lng thp(C2H5COOH, C3H7COOH, CH3COOH )v pH mi trng di 5 nn gy thi.


15/36Hnh nh ca vi khun bacillus cereus


16/36

Giai on III :hnh thnh kh Metan

Sn phm ca pha acid l nguyn liu phn

hu giai on ny, to ra hn hp kh : CH4,CO2, H2S, N2, H2, v mui khong (pH ca mitrng chuyn sang kim).


17/36

3 M t k thut Biogas

C 2 loi hm biogas chnh :

Loi hm gy men cht hu ctheo m

Loi hm gy men cht hu clin tc


18/36

Gy men cht hu c theo m :

B ln menPhn ng

Np ding

Ca kh ra

Np ly phn

Ca ra


19/36

Gy men cht hu c lin tc Loi hm sinh kh kiu vm c nh

Loi hm sinh kh c np y di ng(nh phao ni )

Loi hm sinh kh kiu ti


20/36

Loi hm sinh kh kiu vm c nh

C

ngngh

Bio

gas


21/36

Loi hm sinh kh c np y di ng

C

ngnghBiog

asCngngh

Biogas


22/36

Loi hm sinh kh kiu ti


23/36

4 Lm sch kh Biogas :

Loi tr CO2:dng KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2

NaOH + CO2 Na2CO3 + H2O

Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O NaHCO3

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2


24/36

Loi tr H2S : dng Na2CO3 hoc hpcht stH2S + Na2CO3 NaHS + NaHCO3

P.PHP IRONFILING (MT ST) :Fe2O3 + 3H2S Fe2S3 + H2O

*Phc hi Fe2O3 :2Fe2S3 + 3O2 2Fe2O3 + 3S2

Loi tr bn trong b phn hu


25/36

Chng IIIThit k hm Biogas

1La chn loi hm thch hp :Vic la chn hm cn ty thuc vo iu kinca khu vc xy dng hm (loi t, loi , ).

2 Quy m ca hm :Ty thuc vo yu cu, iu kin ca ngi xydng, cng nh lng nguyn liu cung cp cphong ph hay khng.


26/36

Thit k hm Biogas(quy m va)

1. La chn nn mng: ty vo kh hu, t, ncngm.

2.Dung tch ca hm: da vo lng kh cn chovic tiu th v kh c dng ra sao. m bo1,5-2m3 / ngi.

3.Tnh tonThit k .


27/36

Hm sinh kh c hnh cu trn


28/36

Cc yu t nh hng n qu trnh ln men :

Nhit pH

T l Carbon / Nit

T l pha long

c tnh nguyn liu

Tc b sung nguyn liuC mt khng kh v c t


29/36

Chng IVng dng cng ngh Biogas

1. Quy m nh h gia nh

2. Quy m sn xut trung bnh3. Quy m ln


30/36

S dng biogas quy m nh


31/36

My pht in chybng Biogas

n s dung khBiogas

Q l h d t


32/36

Quy m ln hn : ng dng trong snxut v thay th nhin liu cho ng c

M hnh nh my s dng Biogas cung cpin


33/36

Xe hi , tu ho s dng nhin liu biogas


34/36

S dng nng lng Biogas


35/36

Chuc quy co va cac ban co buoi hoc thanh

cong, mot buoi sang vui ve.


36/36

Ti liu tham kho:

www.biogas.org.vnwww.zorg-biogas.com

tailieu.vn

Xulymoitruong.com
http://www.biogas.org.vn/http://www.zorg-biogas.com/http://www.zorg-biogas.com/http://www.zorg-biogas.com/http://www.zorg-biogas.com/http://www.biogas.org.vn/

Documents

tieu luan biogas