Tieu Luan GNS3

5/28/2018 Tieu Luan GNS3

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Tm hiu vGNS3 Qun l mng vin thn

Nhm nghin cu GNS3-Lp D09VT1 Page

LI NI U

Hin nay, vic gilp v m phng mt hthng mng my tnh cng nh mng vin

thng bng phn mm l rt quan trng trc khi a vo thc t. Ngoi ra, n cn gip cho vichc tp trnn ddng hn. Mt trong scc phn mm mnh mv c a chung l GNS3.

Bi GNS3 sdng IOS thc ca Cisco gilp router nn n gilp ging nh router tht caCisco v c thkt ni vi mng ngoi.

V nhng l do m nhm mnh chn ti Tm hiu vGNS3htrcho mn h

Qun l mng vin thng.

Trong bi vit ny scp chyu n cch ci t, cch cu hnh v cch m phng m

hnh qun l mng vin thng. Mc tiu ca nhm l gip ngi c dhnh dung c cch lmqua hnh nh v nm c mt skin thc, knng c bn vsdng GNS3. Bi vit gm 4

phn chnh nh sau:

Phn 1: Tng quan vGNS3

Phn 2: Hng dn ci t

Phn 3: Hng dn sdng

Phn 4: Gilp m hnh Qun l mng Manager-Agent.

Bi vit cn shon thin hn na, mong thy c gio v cc bn ng gp kin.

Cui cng chng em xin chn thnh cm n c Dng ThThanh T hng dn chngem trong qua trnh nghin cu!


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MC LC

LI NI U ......................................................................................................................... 1

MC LC ................................................................................................................................ 2

Phn 1: Tng quan vGNS3 .................................................................................................. 3

Phn 2: Hng dn ci t ..................................................................................................... 4

1. Ti vphn mm GNS3 v IOS images ................................................................. 4

2. Ci t ....................................................................................................................... 5

3. Cu hnh .................................................................................................................. 16

Phn 3: Hng dn sdng ................................................................................................. 20

1. Cu hnh IOS images ............................................................................................. 20

2. Tnh ton gi trIdle PC ........................................................................................ 21

3. Ci t card mng cho Router .............................................................................. 25

3.1. Ci t card mng thc ...................................................................................... 25

3.2. Ci t card mng o (loopback) ....................................................................... 30

Phn 4: Gilp m hnh Qun l mng Manager-Agent.............................................. 31

1. Quan im qun l ManagerAgent qua cng cgilp GNS3 ..................... 31

2. Gilp m hnh qun l mng ManagerAgent ............................................... 31

TNG KT ............................................................................................................................ 36

TI LIU THAM KHO .................................................................................................... 37


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Phn 1: Tng quan vGNS3

GNS3l mt phn mm gilp mng, cho php m phng li cc hthng mng my tncung cp khnng m phng chnh xc, GNS3 lin kt vi Dynamips (gilp IOS ca CiscoQemu (mt phn mm m phng v o ha ngun m), VirtualBox (phn mm o ha min ph

mnh m).

GNS3l mt cng cc lc htrlab cc m hnh thc tcho cc ks mng, cc quntrvin v nhng ngi mun hc cc chng chca CISCO nh CCNA, CCNP, CCIP, CCIE v

chng chca Juniper nh JNCIA, JNCIS, JNCIE.

Mt tnh nng khc ca GNS3 l c dng thnghim cc tnh nng ca IOS CISCO

JunOS Juniper hoc kim tra cu hnh cn trin khai trn cc bnh tuyn thc s.

Thm khnng tng thch vi VirtualBox, cc ks mng, cc nh qun trby gicnc thsdng cc tnh nng ca GNS3 hc hay nghin cu vRedhat (RHCE, RHCT),

Microsoft (MCSE, MCSA), Novell (CLP)...

y l mt chng trnh m ngun mv hin sn c trn Windows, Linux v MacOS.


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Phn 2: Hng dn ci t

1. Ti vphn mm GNS3 v IOS images.

Ta c thdng nhiu cch download phn mm GNS3 trn mng, nhng bn nn chn

nhng trang web c uy tn v cp nht kp thi thng tin vphin bn mi nht. Di y ti xingii thiu cho cc bn mt trang web download phn mm GNS3, bng cch bn truy cp theng link sau:

http://www.gns3.net/download/

Sau khi bn truy cp theo ng link trn ta nn chn: GNS3 v0.8.3.1 all-in-onedownloadphn mm.

V GNS3 sdng IOS images thc ca Cisco khng tch hp sn trong phn mm nn ta

phi ti ring IOS images trn mng. Sau y l btng i y cc IOS images m mnh tng hp, cc bn ti vtheo link:

https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bw4HRFvP398TRHQzdnhPR2dXRms/edit
http://www.gns3.net/download/https://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bw4HRFvP398TRHQzdnhPR2dXRms/edithttps://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bw4HRFvP398TRHQzdnhPR2dXRms/edithttps://docs.google.com/file/d/0Bw4HRFvP398TRHQzdnhPR2dXRms/edithttp://www.gns3.net/download/


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2. Ci t.

Bc 1: Vo th mc cha file ci t phn mm va ti v. Nhp p chut vo file ci t(GNS3-0.8.3.1-all-in-one).


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Bc 2: Cc hp thoi ci t GNS3 ln lt xut hin, ta chvic ln lt nhn Next-> I Agree-Next-> Next-> Install. hp thoi th4 ta tch chn tt ctrong khung: Select components toinstall sau nhn Next.


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Bc 3: Sau khi bn hon thnh bc 2 th hp thoi thhin qu trnh chy ci t bt u.Trong qu trnh ny cn c mt shp thoi xut hin yu cu ci t thm mt sphn mm htrkhc nh sau:

- Ci t WinPcap 4.2.1: nhn ln lt Next->Next-> I Agree-> Install-> Finish.


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Nhm nghin cu GNS3-Lp D09VT1 Page 1


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- Ci t Wireshark 1.6.8 (32bit): Ta ln lt nhn Next-> I Agree-> Next-> Next-> Next->Install-> Next-> Finish.


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Bc 4: Kt thc ci t. Khi cc hp thoi xut hin ta ln lt nhn Next-> Finish.


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3. Cu hnh.

- Sau khi nhn Finish kt thc phn ci t th mc nh phn mm GNS3 skhi ng v hinln hp thoi Setup Wizard. Ta nhn chn s1(khoanh trn)-> Hp thoi Preferences hinln, nu cu hnh trong chkhoanh trn ging hnh vth khng cn chnh g c, nu khc th

chnh cho ging-> Nhn Test Setting hin ln dng chnh bn cnh l c. Sau nhn Applv nhn OK.


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- Tip theo ta nhn s3-> Hp thoi IOS images and hypervisors hin ln. Nhn vo vung c khoanh trn nh trn hnh.


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- Hp thoi Select an IOS image hin ln-> bn chn n ni th mc lu trIOS images, chIOS image ca router m bn mun cu hnh v nhn Open. Sau hp thoi IOS image hinln bn chn YES hay NO cng c.


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- Chn ng nn (Platform) v loi (Model) ca router m bn mun cu hnh, nhn Save vClose. Nu bn mun cu hnh IOS image cho router no na th thc hin li tng t. Cuicng th nhn OK tt hp thoi Setup Wizard


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Phn 3: Hng dn sdng

1. Cu hnh IOS images.

-Nh Mc 3ca Phn 2trn nu vcch cu hnh IOS images ngay trong qua trnh ci t

Vy trong qu trnh lm vic vi GNS3 nu bn mun thm IOS images ca mt router khc nath lm nh sau: Vo mc Edit > IOS images and hypervisors > Hp thoi IOS images andhypervisors bn chcn lm theo ging mc 3. Cu hnh ca Phn 2.


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2. Tnh ton gi trIdle PC.

Trc tin, chng ta lm thmt v dnhhiu hn vgi trIdle PC. Sau khi chng tcu hnh xong IOS images. Chng ta nhn gichut tri vo mt con router cu hnh IOS riko thvo khung lm vic v nhn nt start hnh tam gic. Theo di hot ng ca CPU: Trc

khi ko router vo l 0% v sau khi ko vo l 25%.


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Bn c ththy rng v dtrc ca mnh lm cho CPU ca hthng hot ng tngln ti 25% (con sny ty thuc vo tc CPU) v lun nm ngng . iu ny l bi vDynamips khng bit khi no router o ang ri v khi no n ang thc thi nhng cng vic huch. Lnh Idle PC thc hin phn tch trn mt tp tin nh ang chy xc nh cc im

ging nht trong m i din mt chu knghca IOS. Mt khi c p dng, Dynamipsngng router o thng xuyn khi chu knghc thc thi, gip lm gim stiu tn CPUtrn my chm khng lm gim khnng xl cng vic thc tca router.

Vi cc phin bn c hn th bn phi vo mn hnh Console ca GNS3 v g lnh idlepget routername tnh ton gi trIdle PC. Cn nu bn sdng phin bn 0.8.3.1 ny bn chcn lm nh sau:

- Nhn chut phi vo con router bn cn tnh ton gi trIdle PC > nhn chn Idle PC v chmlc.


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- Hp thoi Idle PC values hin ln > chn gi trIdle PC (nn chn gi trc nh du hoa th*), nu khng c th ta lm li tu > Nhn Apply v OK.

- By gita kim tra li xem CPU c gim xung khng nh.Gi trIdle PC l ring i vi mt tp tin nh IOS. Chng c thkhc nhau i vi cc

phin bn IOS khc nhau, v thm ch vi cc tp tnh nng khcnhau ca cng mt phin bnIOS. Tuy nhin gi trIdle PC khng phthuc vo my ca bn, hiu hnh hay phin bn cDynamips.

C thDynamips khng thtm thy cc gi trIdle PC cho mt tp tin nh, hoc cc gitrtm thy khng c tc dng. Nu iu ny xy ra, hy cgng thli qu trnh mt ln na.Hoc l bn khng gp may vi tp tin nh (mc d trng hp ny rt him khi xy ra).


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Sau khi tm c mt gi trIdle PC tt, ghi li sdng Hex (v d: 0x60bf30e0). Quaytrli tp tin nh IOS trn menu Edit > Mhp thoi IOS images and hypervisors > nhp chncon router bn va tnh ton Idle PC xong bn sthy c gi trIdle PC trong khung IDLEPC

Qua trnh bn tnh ton gi trIdle PC chcn lm mt ln cho mi IOS. Mi khi bn mGNS3, cc gi trsc thit lp sn. Bn chcn in gi trIdle PC mi khi bn thit lp lnu tin cho mt phin bn IOS mi.


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3. Ci t card mng cho Router.

3.1. Ci t card mng thc.

Khng ging nh Packet Tracer c tht card mng cho Router bng cdng lnh v

giao din ha, GNS3 chcho php lm vic ny bng dng lnh. V vy ta thc hin nh sau:- Chn Router > nhn nt Start hnh tam gic > Kch chut phi vo Router > Chn Consle (cthnhn vo biu tng mn hnh Consle trn thanh cng c).


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-Mn hnh Consle ca Router hin ln v bt u khi ng.

- G lnh: sh ip int brief xem cc card mng ca Router. Ta thy l cha c card mng noc t a chIP.


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- Bt u t a chIP cho card mng ca router:

+ G lnh: config t (vo chcu hnh).

+ G lnh: int f0/0 (vo giao din cng FastEthernet0/0 ca Router)


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+ G lnh: ip add ip address subnet mask(t a chIP v mt ncho cng f0/0).

V d: ip add 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.0

+ G lnh: no shut (router chlm vic)


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+ Kt thc qu trnh t a chIP, g lnh: exit (trvchban u).

- Sau khi t a chIP cho card mng ca Router ta show li kim tra xem.

Dng lnh: sh ip int brief.

* Lu : Cc cng khc ca Router nh Serial, Ethernet ta cng lm tng t. Nn t a chIcho cc cng lun mt thri mi show IP.


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3.2. Ci t card mng o (loopback).

Card Loopback l card mng oc dng kim tra li hoc test chng trnh no cn IPLoopback c ngha dliu c gi v nhn trn cng 1 my. Hay ni cch khc to cardloopback trn Router th bn thn Router c thtgi v nhn dliu qua card loopback. V

dta c thping a chip ca card loopback ca Router tchnh Router .

- Lm tng tt a chip cho card mng thc mc 3.1chkhc lnh: int f0/0 thay bnlnhint loo1 hocint loo2

Lu : Vng mng ca cc card loopback phi khc nhau v khc vi cc card mng thc.

- Kim tra bng lnh ping. Vi d: ping 192.168.2.1 (card loopback1).


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Phn 4: Gilp m hnh Qun l mng Manager-Agent

1. Quan im qun l ManagerAgent qua cng cgilp GNS3.

Cc quan im vqun l u cho rng chc nng quan trng nht trong qun l chnh l

struyn thng gia thc thqun l v thc thbqun l. V iu ny c thc hin da trnm hnh yu cu-phn hi.

Trong GNS3, ta c thm phng m hnh qun l ManagerAgent bng 1 Router idin cho Manager v 1 Computer i din cho Agent. Hoc cng c thdng 1 Router va idin cho cManager v Agent bng cch to card mng o loopback.

2. Gilp m hnh qun l mng ManagerAgent.

GNS3 thng qua vic sdng Dynamips c thto cu ni gia interface trn router ovi interface trn my tht, cho php mng o giao tip c vi mng tht. Trn hthngWindows, th vin Wincap c sdng to kt ni ny.

kt ni cc router o trong GNS3 vi hthng mng tht ta dng thit bCloud.Trong bi ny, ta ssdng 1 Router v 1 Cloud (chnh l my tnh ca mnh).


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Gista cn kt ni trouter o n card mng tn l Local Area Connection c a chl 192.168.1.3


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- Ko vo khung lm vic 1 Router v 1 Cloud. Cu hnh cho Cloud: nhn chut phi vo biutng Cloud > chn Configure.


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- Hp thoi Node configurator hin ln: Chn C1 > Trong khung Generic Ethernet NIO chn carmng tht ca my tnh bn > nhn Add > nhn Apply > nhn OK.

- Bn c thkim tra card mng ca my tnh bng cch vo Network Device list.


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- Kt ni vt l gia Router v Cloud: Nhn vo biu tng hnh que kem > Chn FastEthernet >nhn ln lt vo Router v Cloud > nhn du X > nhn nt Start hnh tam gic.


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- Sau khi bn kt ni vt l cho m hnh th ta t card mng cho Router nh Mc 3 - Phn 3.

Lu : Lp mng ca cng ca router kt ni vi Cloud phi cng lp mng vi my tnh tht

ca bn. V dcng F0/0: ip add 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0

Ngoi ra, nh mc 1 ca phn ny mnh cng nu cch m phng m hnh ManagerAgent chdng 1 Router bng cch to card mng o Loopback (xem li Mc 3.2 Phn 3).

Bn c thchn mt trong hai cch trn gilp m hnh ManagerAgent. V sau sdng lnh ping kim tra.

TNG KT

Cui cng mnh xin tng kt li cc ni dung c bn trong bi vit ny.

Thnht, chng ta bit thm mt phn mm c thgilp mng l GNS3. Hiu r hn

vcc tnh nng, c im ca phn mm ny v cch lm vic vi n. Cthl chng ta bitcch ci t, cch sdng (ci t card mng, cu hnh IOS, tnh ton gi trIdle pc), cch gi

lp m hnh mng.Thhai, phn mm GNS3 l cng chu ch cho vic hc tp mn Qun l mng vin

thng.


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TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Gio trnh: Qun l mng vin thng, Hc vin Cng nghbu chnh vin thng, 2010;

2. LABCCNA, TT o to qun trmng Trng Tn;

3. GNS3 Documentation v3.0 beta, Bi Quc HonDin n AdminVietnam(www.adminvietnam.vn);

4. LABHng dn sdng GNS3, TT o to qun trmng v An ninh mng Quc t

ATHENA;

5. Cc Website tham kho:

http://forum.bachkhoa-npower.vn

http://vi.wikipedia.org

http://sinhvienit.net

http://tongquanvienthong.blogspot.com

http://forum.itlab.com.vn

http://www.nhatnghe.com

http://qpsolution.com

http://www.sysprobs.com
http://www.adminvietnam.vn/http://forum.bachkhoa-npower.vn/http://vi.wikipedia.org/http://sinhvienit.net/http://tongquanvienthong.blogspot.com/http://forum.itlab.com.vn/http://www.nhatnghe.com/http://qpsolution.com/http://www.sysprobs.com/http://www.sysprobs.com/http://www.sysprobs.com/http://qpsolution.com/http://www.nhatnghe.com/http://forum.itlab.com.vn/http://tongquanvienthong.blogspot.com/http://sinhvienit.net/http://vi.wikipedia.org/http://forum.bachkhoa-npower.vn/http://www.adminvietnam.vn/

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Tieu Luan GNS3